CN114896707A - Dynamic detection method for brake shoe braking friction force - Google Patents
Dynamic detection method for brake shoe braking friction force Download PDFInfo
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- CN114896707A CN114896707A CN202210637097.1A CN202210637097A CN114896707A CN 114896707 A CN114896707 A CN 114896707A CN 202210637097 A CN202210637097 A CN 202210637097A CN 114896707 A CN114896707 A CN 114896707A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/15—Vehicle, aircraft or watercraft design
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
- B60T17/18—Safety devices; Monitoring
- B60T17/22—Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/08—Thermal analysis or thermal optimisation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/14—Force analysis or force optimisation, e.g. static or dynamic forces
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of rail transit braking, and discloses a dynamic detection method for brake shoe braking friction force, which has the following specific scheme: and (3) utilizing a computer digital simulation technology to perform stress analysis on the relevant braking components, and finding out a stress deformation sensitive point according to the correlation degree of the local deformation of different parts on the relevant braking components and the braking friction force. The invention directly obtains the wheel braking friction force by detecting the stress strain condition of the stress deformation sensitive point of the braking stress part such as the brake shoe or the brake head in real time, avoids the defect that the friction coefficient cannot be changed along with the change of the vehicle speed, the temperature rise in the braking process, the environmental humidity and the like in real time due to the dynamic braking friction force value obtained by assuming that the friction coefficient is a constant in the prior art, solves the defect of the prior dynamic braking friction force measuring method, and improves the driving safety, the reliability, the running comfort and the control convenience of the vehicle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rail transit braking, and particularly relates to a dynamic detection method for brake shoe braking friction force.
Background
The key point of the brake control technology lies in that matched brake friction force is applied according to a vehicle brake demand instruction, the actual applied value of the brake friction force is obtained in an indirect mode at present, some brake friction force is obtained by measuring the air pressure value of a brake cylinder and converting the air pressure value into positive pressure, and then multiplying the positive pressure value by a friction coefficient (set as a fixed value), but in the indirect measurement mode, because of the difference of product manufacture, the efficiency factor is different when the air pressure value is converted into the positive pressure, and meanwhile, the friction coefficient is greatly influenced by the performance of a friction material, the speed of the vehicle, the temperature rise in the brake process, the environmental humidity and the like, the deviation of the converted brake friction force is large; the positive pressure is directly measured by embedding a force transducer between the brake shoe and the wheel, and then the positive pressure is multiplied by the friction coefficient (set as a fixed value) to obtain the braking friction force, but the scheme can not eliminate the influence of the change of the friction coefficient; in some methods, the braking friction force is indirectly calculated by obtaining the speed and the acceleration through a speed sensor or an acceleration sensor, but the problems of difficult reference selection, reaction lag and the like exist, so that the braking friction force is adjusted lag, and the requirements of real-time detection and adjustment in processes of vehicle skid prevention and the like cannot be well met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a dynamic detection method for brake shoe brake friction force.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a dynamic detection method for brake shoe brake friction force comprises the following specific scheme:
and S1, utilizing a computer digital simulation technology to perform stress analysis on the relevant braking components under the influence of various external forces in the braking process. Finding out stressed deformation sensitive points according to the correlation degree of the local deformation of different parts on each braking related component and the braking friction force;
s2, mounting a sensor assembly at the stress deformation sensitive point;
s3, in the braking process, data of all the sensor assemblies are collected and fused through a detection operation unit arranged near the sensor assemblies or at other positions of the vehicle, the data are analyzed and processed through a software algorithm by utilizing a mathematical statistics principle, various interference or abnormal data are filtered out, the braking friction force is estimated, and iterative optimization is carried out on a criterion according to the estimation value;
s4, on a device (namely production process equipment in a laboratory) which is completely consistent with the actual working state and can directly and accurately measure the braking friction force, under the condition of correctly covering all possible working environment parameters, establishing a correction function of the braking friction force estimated value relative to the working environment parameters through a software algorithm according to the comparison result of the actually measured braking friction force (relative true value, used as a measured reference value) and the estimated value (indication value) of the method;
s5, the correction function is applied to the actual device, and the estimated value of the braking friction obtained by the method is corrected and output as the detected value of the braking friction.
According to the invention, in the braking process, strain detection is carried out on the stress deformation sensitive points of the braking related parts, so that the dynamic braking friction force of the brake shoe is obtained, and the measurement is direct and easy to realize.
The strain sensor and the sensors related to working environment parameters such as temperature, humidity, vibration and the like can be directly installed on the surface of the existing brake component, the structure of the existing product cannot be damaged, and the installation is simple and convenient.
The dynamic brake friction force of the brake shoe is obtained through the stress deformation generated by the brake stress, the influence factor of the detection method is only related to the material deformation characteristic of the stressed component, and the stressed area of the stressed component on a normal loading product is in the elastic deformation range, so that the linearity is high (even if certain nonlinearity exists, the correction can be carried out through a material characteristic curve), and the detection result is high in accuracy.
The dynamic brake friction force of the brake shoe is obtained through the stress deformation generated by the brake stress, the real-time performance is good, the part material can deform as long as being stressed, the characteristic of the material is that the force changes and deforms simultaneously, and therefore the dynamic brake friction force of the brake shoe obtained through detecting the stress deformation by the detection method has high real-time performance.
In general, compared with detection methods such as embedding a force sensor or installing a speed sensor and an acceleration sensor in the positive pressure direction, the method has the advantages of simple conception, convenience in installation, no damage to the structure of the original product, easiness in realization and capability of obtaining a more accurate measurement result in real time.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the sensor assembly includes, but is not limited to, a strain gauge sensor and a sensor related to working environment parameters such as temperature, humidity, vibration, etc., the detection and operation unit includes, but is not limited to, a data acquisition unit and an operation and analysis unit, an output end of the sensor assembly is electrically connected to an input end of the data acquisition unit, and an output end of the data acquisition unit is electrically connected to an input end of the operation and analysis unit
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the computer digital simulation technology comprises but is not limited to ANSYS and MATLAB finite element simulation analysis technology.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the brake related components comprise brake shoes, brake head and other brake stressed components on the vehicle.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the sensitive points include points with a large degree of correlation with the deformation in the friction direction and the positive pressure direction during the braking stress process, points with a large degree of correlation with the deformation in the friction direction and a small degree of correlation with the deformation in the positive pressure direction, and points with a large degree of correlation with the deformation in the positive pressure direction and a small degree of correlation with the deformation in the friction direction.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the correction function includes not only the influence of the temperature and humidity environment on the stress deformation amount of the stress, but also the influence of other working environments such as vibration on the stress deformation amount of the stress.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention directly obtains the braking friction force of the wheel by detecting the stress-strain condition of the braking stress components such as the brake shoe or the brake shoe support and the like in real time, avoids the defect that the dynamic braking friction force value obtained by assuming the friction coefficient as a constant in the prior art can not reflect the change of the friction coefficient along with the change of the vehicle speed, the temperature rise in the braking process, the environmental humidity and the like in real time, and simultaneously also avoids the defect that the braking friction force value obtained by indirect calculation through a speed sensor and an acceleration sensor has reaction lag and is inconvenient to actively control the braking friction force accurately in real time in the braking process;
the invention has the advantages that the dynamic braking friction force of the brake shoe can be detected in real time by the measuring method, the measuring method has the advantages of direct measurement, high accuracy and good real-time performance, the vehicle can quickly and accurately adjust the magnitude of the braking friction force according to the real-time detection result, the adjusting times and time of corresponding braking control parts can be reduced due to the improvement of the adjusting accuracy, the service life of a vehicle braking system and the braking response speed are improved, the conditions of braking wheel rubbing, braking accidents and the like caused by inaccurate braking friction force and response lag are effectively reduced, meanwhile, the accurate control of the vehicle speed, the acceleration, the parking distance and the like is convenient to realize, the comfort and the convenience of vehicle operation can be improved, in addition, the consistency control of the deceleration of the linked vehicles can be conveniently realized, and the coupler force between the vehicles and the longitudinal impact of the vehicles are effectively reduced. In general, the invention solves the defects of the prior dynamic braking friction force measuring method and improves the driving safety, reliability, running comfort and control convenience of the vehicle.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the brake shoe brake friction force analysis of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a dynamic brake shoe brake friction force detection method of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an exemplary diagram of a sensor arrangement of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a wheel; 2. brake shoes; 3. a brake head; 4. a first strain-type sensor; 5. a first temperature and humidity sensor; 6. a first vibration sensor; 7. a second strain gauge sensor; 8. a second temperature and humidity sensor; 9. a second vibration sensor; 10. a sensor assembly; 20. a detection arithmetic unit.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides an embodiment of a dynamic detection method for brake shoe brake friction force, which mainly comprises a sensor assembly 10 and a detection arithmetic unit 20 as shown in figure 2, and realizes real-time detection and outputs the dynamic brake shoe brake friction force value.
The sensor assembly comprises a strain sensor and a temperature and humidity and vibration working environment parameter related sensor for compensation and correction, and is arranged on a brake shoe, a brake shoe support or other brake related stress components.
The detection operation unit mainly comprises functional modules such as data acquisition, signal amplification, an operation circuit (including a software algorithm), shell protection and the like, can be packaged together with any sensor, is arranged at the sensor, can be separated from the sensor, and is arranged at any position of a vehicle, which is convenient to install.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the brake shoe brake friction force of the present invention, where the brake shoe brake friction force f is μ Fn;
wherein mu is the friction coefficient of the contact surface of the brake shoe and the wheel;
fn is the normal positive pressure of the contact arc of the wheel and the brake shoe;
f is the braking friction force in the tangential direction of the contact arc of the wheel and the brake shoe;
in contrast, normal positive pressure can be detected or calculated by means of a force sensor, brake cylinder pressure and the like, but tangential braking friction cannot be directly measured by the force sensor, friction coefficient is set to be constant at present, brake shoe braking friction is obtained by multiplying positive pressure Fn by friction coefficient mu, but the friction coefficient is related to a plurality of factors such as brake shoe friction material characteristics, vehicle running speed, friction pair contact surface drying condition and temperature rise in the braking process, and has great uncertainty, so that a conversion mode of setting the friction coefficient to be constant by the positive pressure has great uncertainty, and actual deviation is often great; there are some methods of obtaining the velocity and acceleration by a velocity sensor, an acceleration sensor, or the like and indirectly calculating the braking friction force, but there are also problems such as difficulty in selecting a reference and delay in response. The above is a difficulty to be solved by the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an illustration showing the installation and arrangement of the sensor assembly of the present invention, where the position of the serial number 1 is shown as a wheel, the serial number 2 contacting with the wheel is a brake shoe, the serial number 3 contacting with the rear end of the brake shoe is a brake head, serial number 4 and serial number 7 strain gauge sensors, serial number 5 and serial number 8 temperature and humidity sensors, and serial number 6 and serial number 9 vibration sensors are installed and arranged on the brake head, and in addition, serial number 11 and serial number 14 strain gauge sensors, serial number 12 and serial number 15 temperature and humidity sensors, and serial number 13 and serial number 16 vibration sensors are installed and arranged at the same positions on the back of the brake head.
In this embodiment, the strain sensors 4, 7, 11, and 14 in the sensor assembly detect the magnitude of the stress deformation in the tangential and normal directions of the sensitive point in the braking process in real time, and feed the magnitude back to the acquisition circuit of the detection and operation unit, and the detection and operation unit calculates the braking friction force through a software algorithm.
In this embodiment, the temperature and humidity sensors 5, 8, 12, and 15 and the vibration sensors 6, 9, 13, and 16 in the sensor assembly detect the temperature, humidity, and vibration conditions at the corresponding positions of the brake head in the braking process in real time, and feed back the temperature, humidity, and vibration conditions to the detection and calculation unit, and the detection and calculation unit corrects the detected stress deformation amount according to the temperature, humidity, vibration conditions, and material characteristics, so as to eliminate the influence of such working environments on the detected braking friction force result.
The method has the advantages that the dynamic braking friction force of the brake shoe can be detected in real time through the measuring method, and the method has the advantages of direct measurement, high accuracy and good real-time performance. The vehicle can quickly and accurately adjust the magnitude of the braking friction force according to the real-time detection result, the adjustment times and time of the corresponding braking control part can be reduced due to the improvement of the adjustment accuracy, the service life of a vehicle braking system and the braking response speed are improved, the conditions of braking wheel rubbing, braking accidents and the like caused by inaccurate braking friction force and response lag are effectively reduced, meanwhile, the accurate control of the vehicle speed, the acceleration, the parking distance and the like is conveniently realized, the comfort and the convenience of vehicle operation can be improved, in addition, the invention can conveniently realize the deceleration consistency control of the linked vehicle, and the coupler force between the vehicles and the longitudinal impact of the vehicle are effectively reduced;
in general, the invention solves the defects of the prior dynamic braking friction force measuring method and improves the driving safety, reliability, running comfort and control convenience of the vehicle.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A dynamic detection method for brake shoe brake friction is characterized in that the specific scheme is as follows:
s1, utilizing a computer digital simulation technology to perform stress analysis on the relevant braking components under the influence of various external forces in the braking process, and finding out stress deformation sensitive points according to the correlation degree of local deformation of different parts on the relevant braking components and the braking friction force;
s2, mounting a sensor assembly at the stress deformation sensitive point;
s3, in the braking process, data of all the sensor assemblies are collected and fused through a detection operation unit arranged near the sensor assemblies or at other positions of the vehicle, the data are analyzed and processed through a software algorithm by utilizing a mathematical statistics principle, various interference or abnormal data are filtered out, the braking friction force is estimated, and iterative optimization is carried out on a criterion according to the estimation value;
s4, on a device which is completely consistent with the actual working state and can directly and accurately measure the braking friction force, under the condition that all possible working environment parameters can be covered correctly, according to the comparison result of the measured braking friction force and the estimated value of the method, a correction function of the estimated value of the braking friction force relative to the working environment parameters is established through a software algorithm;
s5, the correction function is applied to the actual device, and the braking friction estimate obtained by the method is corrected and output as the detected value of the braking friction.
2. The dynamic brake shoe brake friction force detection method according to claim 1, wherein: the sensor assembly comprises but is not limited to strain gauge sensors and sensors related to working environment parameters such as temperature, humidity and vibration, the detection operation unit comprises but is not limited to a data acquisition unit and an operation analysis unit, the output end of the sensor assembly is electrically connected with the input end of data acquisition, and the output end of the data acquisition is electrically connected with the input end of the operation analysis unit.
3. The dynamic brake shoe brake friction force detection method according to claim 1, wherein: the computer numerical simulation technique includes, but is not limited to, ANSYS, MATLAB finite element simulation analysis techniques.
4. The dynamic brake shoe brake friction force detection method according to claim 1, wherein: the brake related components include brake shoes, brake heads, and other brake stressed components on the vehicle.
5. The dynamic brake shoe brake friction force detection method according to claim 1, wherein: the sensitive points comprise points with large deformation correlation degrees in the friction force direction and the positive pressure direction in the braking stress process, points with large deformation correlation degrees in the friction force direction and small deformation correlation degrees in the positive pressure direction, and points with large deformation correlation degrees in the positive pressure direction and small deformation correlation degrees in the friction force direction.
6. The dynamic brake shoe brake friction force detection method according to claim 1, wherein: the correction function includes the influence of the temperature and humidity environment on the stress deformation amount, and also includes the influence of other working environments such as vibration and the like on the stress deformation amount.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210637097.1A CN114896707A (en) | 2022-06-07 | 2022-06-07 | Dynamic detection method for brake shoe braking friction force |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210637097.1A CN114896707A (en) | 2022-06-07 | 2022-06-07 | Dynamic detection method for brake shoe braking friction force |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114896707A true CN114896707A (en) | 2022-08-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210637097.1A Pending CN114896707A (en) | 2022-06-07 | 2022-06-07 | Dynamic detection method for brake shoe braking friction force |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN114896707A (en) |
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- 2022-06-07 CN CN202210637097.1A patent/CN114896707A/en active Pending
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