CN114896551B - Configuration method and configuration device of sparse array antenna array - Google Patents
Configuration method and configuration device of sparse array antenna array Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application provides a configuration method and a configuration device of a sparse array antenna array, electronic equipment and a computer readable medium. The configuration method comprises the following steps: randomly selecting two-dimensional data points from a two-dimensional LDS database according to the array unit scale of the sparse array antenna array to serve as an initial element array; slicing the initial element array according to the number of the sub-arrays of the sparse array antenna array to obtain an initial low-difference sub-array with sector envelope; rotating and copying the initial low-difference subarrays according to the number of the subarrays to obtain an initial low-difference full array with a circular envelope; and carrying out scaling processing on the initial low-difference full array according to a set scaling coefficient to obtain the sparse array antenna array. By randomly selecting the initial element array from the two-dimensional random database, the generated sparse array antenna array has better low difference, and the side lobe level is further effectively inhibited.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for configuring a sparse array antenna array, an electronic device, and a computer readable medium.
Background
The antenna array is widely applied to the sensing fields of radio telescopes, satellite communication, sonar, early warning radars and the like. The array antenna with large physical caliber has high resolution and high directivity; however, the cost of an array antenna is directly proportional to the number of elements within the aperture of the wavefront. Therefore, in order to reduce the cost, the number of cells within the aperture of the wavefront needs to be minimized. The current array antenna mainly has two arrangement modes: dense arrays and sparse arrays (see fig. 1).
In the dense array, the cell pitch is equal to or less than the wavelength λ. In the process of minimizing the number of units, the conventional regular grid type unit arrangement mode (periodic array) reduces the number of units by increasing the unit distance, so that undersampling or undersampling of a wave front is caused, and grating lobes appear in an antenna beam. The rarefied array and the aperiodic array have a smaller number of cells than the periodically arranged array. In the thin array, a smaller number of cells is achieved by extracting cells in the close regular grid arrangement array; and the non-periodic interval arrangement array simulates the excitation amplitude distribution of the low side lobes by carrying out amplitude density arrangement in the aperture of the array surface. The far-field patterns of these two types of arrays have lower side lobe levels near the main lobe, but the side lobe levels at the far side lobes are higher.
The sparse array is spliced into an antenna aperture by enlarging the unit spacing, and has narrow beam width. According to the IEEE standard, a sparse array is defined as an array antenna composed of significantly fewer excitation elements and having a beam width, as compared to a conventional equally spaced array of identical elements. In the sparse array, grating lobes and side lobes can be eliminated by specifically arranging unit intervals. At present, sparse arrays have found application in radio telescopes, MIMO systems, microwave imaging and other sensing systems. For example, in an antenna system of a MIMO base station, a sparse antenna array with random unit spacing significantly improves system capacity, and meanwhile, the non-periodicity of the sparse array can also dissipate grating lobe energy into other low side lobes.
In a conventional sparse array (e.g., sparse in a rectangular grid or triangular grid), the elements in the array would have a large uniform element spacing, resulting in grating lobes in the far field pattern of the antenna. If the array is arranged at random unit intervals, although grating lobes can be removed, the arrangement density of the units in the array surface is changed greatly, which is not beneficial to the realization of comprehensive performances of the whole antenna such as electromechanical heating and the like. Meanwhile, random cell pitch arrangement also results in cell overlap and structural interference due to too tight arrangement of partial regions, and array arrangement cannot be physically realized. The uniform cell grid is mathematically different from the random cell grid.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that the sidelobe level is too high in the conventional sparse array antenna array configuration method, the application provides a sparse array antenna array configuration method, a sparse array antenna array configuration device, electronic equipment and a computer readable medium.
According to an aspect of the present application, a method for configuring a sparse array antenna array is provided, including:
randomly selecting two-dimensional data points from a two-dimensional LDS database according to the array unit scale of the sparse array antenna array to serve as an initial element array;
slicing the initial element array according to the number of the sub-arrays of the sparse array antenna array to obtain an initial low-difference sub-array with sector envelope;
rotating and copying the initial low-difference subarrays according to the number of the subarrays to obtain an initial low-difference full array with a circular envelope;
and carrying out scaling processing on the initial low-difference full array according to a set scaling coefficient to obtain the sparse array antenna array.
According to some embodiments of the application, the scaling factor is determined according to the following formula:
wherein scale is the scaling coefficient, κ is a set spacing spreading factor, λ is the wavelength of the sparse array antenna array, and ξ is a set minimum unit spacing.
According to some embodiments of the present application, randomly selecting two-dimensional data points from a two-dimensional LDS database according to an array element size of a sparse array antenna array includes:
and removing data points with the unit spacing smaller than the minimum unit spacing in the two-dimensional data points.
According to some embodiments of the application, the two-dimensional data points lie in a normalization plane, an abscissa of the normalization plane having a value in the range of [0,1], and an ordinate of the normalization plane having a value in the range of [0,1].
According to some embodiments of the present application, a polar angle of a sector envelope of the initial low disparity subarray is 360 °/N, where N is the number of subarrays.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the slicing the initial element array according to the number of sub-arrays of the sparse array antenna array comprises:
and cutting the normalized plane by taking the original point of the normalized plane as the circle center, the normalized radius 1 as the radius and the polar angle as the central angle.
According to some embodiments of the application, the configuration method further comprises:
and performing performance analysis on the sparse array antenna array, when the performance does not meet the design requirement, repeatedly performing the steps from randomly selecting two-dimensional data points to scaling treatment, and updating the sparse array antenna array until the performance meets the design requirement.
According to some embodiments of the application, the configuration method further comprises:
repeatedly executing the steps from randomly selecting two-dimensional data points to scaling processing according to the set cycle number to obtain a group of sparse array antenna arrays; and performing performance judgment on the group of sparse array antenna arrays, and screening out the sparse array antenna arrays meeting the design requirements.
According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a device for configuring a sparse array antenna array, including:
the initialization module is used for randomly selecting two-dimensional data points from the two-dimensional LDS database according to the array unit scale of the sparse array antenna array to serve as an initial element array;
the cutting module is used for slicing the initial element array according to the number of the subarrays of the sparse array antenna array to obtain an initial low-difference subarray with sector envelope;
the copying module is used for rotating and copying the initial low-difference subarrays according to the number of the subarrays to obtain an initial low-difference full array with a circular envelope;
and the scaling module is used for scaling the initial low-difference full array according to a set scaling coefficient to obtain the sparse array antenna array.
According to some embodiments of the application, the configuration apparatus further comprises a screening module to:
performing performance analysis on the sparse array antenna array, and updating the sparse array antenna array again through the initialization module, the cutting module, the copying module and the scaling module when the performance does not meet the design requirement until the performance meets the design requirement; or
And according to the set cycle number, obtaining a group of sparse array antenna arrays through the initialization module, the cutting module, the copying module and the scaling module, and performing performance judgment on the group of sparse array antenna arrays to screen out sparse array antenna arrays meeting design requirements.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is also provided an electronic device for sparse array antenna array configuration, including:
one or more processors;
storage means for storing one or more programs;
when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the configuration method described above.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is also provided a computer-readable medium, on which a computer program is stored, which program, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described configuration method.
According to the sparse array antenna array configuration method, the initial element array is randomly selected from the two-dimensional random database to replace the direct random generation of the initial element array, so that the generated sparse array antenna array has better low difference, and the side lobe level is effectively inhibited.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without exceeding the protection scope of the present application.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an antenna array type;
fig. 2 shows a flow chart of a method for configuring a sparse array antenna array according to a first example embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 shows a database diagram containing two sets of two-dimensional LDS data, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of an initial meta-array according to an example embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 shows an initial low disparity subarray schematic according to an example embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 shows an initial low disparity full array schematic according to an example embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 shows a scaled full array schematic according to an example embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8A shows a flowchart of a method of configuring a sparse array antenna array according to a second example embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8B is a schematic diagram illustrating an arrangement process of a sparse array antenna array according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9A shows a flowchart of a method for configuring a sparse array antenna array according to a third example embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9B is a schematic diagram illustrating an arrangement process of a sparse array antenna array according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 shows a schematic diagram of a filtered sparse array antenna array configuration according to an example embodiment of the present application;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram one illustrating performance of a screened sparse array antenna array according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 12 shows a second schematic diagram of performance of the screened sparse array antenna array according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 13 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration apparatus of a sparse array antenna array according to a first exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 14 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration apparatus of a sparse array antenna array according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 15 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration apparatus of a sparse array antenna array according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 16 shows a block diagram of an electronic device composition according to an example embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The terms "first", "second", etc. in this application are used to distinguish between different objects and not to describe a particular order. Furthermore, the terms "include" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements but may alternatively include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
For the arrangement of the traditional sparse array antenna, a compressed sensing method is a common method. The compressed sensing method enables the result to tend to be sparse and maximized by solving a linear equation system, namely, the minimum number of nonzero coefficients in the expansion basis functions are obtained. In the configuration method of the sparse array antenna based on the compressed sensing, the arrangement problem of the array antenna is converted into a pattern matching problem. The unknowns in the problem are the complex excitation coefficients of a series of candidate array elements and the densely sampled element locations within the array aperture. The solution to compressive sensing is sparse complex excitation coefficients and array element locations, which can be considered as a by-product of candidate locations with non-zero coefficients. The compressed sensing can be used for arranging linear arrays, planar arrays and special sparse arrays to obtain symmetrical or asymmetrical directional diagram shaping. Compared with a regular uniformly-arranged array, the number of the units can be reduced by 40% at most by adopting a compressed sensing method. However, although the sparse array arranged by the compressive sensing method can form a main lobe in the normal direction, one grating lobe is generated in the end direction, and the grating lobe level of the periodic sparse array is equal to the main lobe level.
In addition, in the method of arranging by using the random cell pitch, there is no constraint on the random cell pitch, thereby causing a large difference in cell pitch. In the existing method, on one hand, the speed is slow and the time consumption is long by an iterative optimization mode; on the other hand, the sparse array antenna array has high side lobe level and poor performance.
Based on this, in order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a sparse array antenna configuration method, which can rapidly and efficiently arrange a sparse array antenna array with low diversity, and can effectively suppress side lobe levels, and improve broadband radiation performance and applicability.
The technical solution of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The arrangement of the sparse array antenna array requires clear parameters and design targets. According to some embodiments of the present application, the design goal of the sparse array antenna array is represented by side lobe level SLL 0; the sparse array antenna array parameters may include: working frequency f (or wavelength lambda), element array unit size L, sub-array number N, minimum unit spacing xi, and the like. According to an example embodiment of the present application, the parameters of the sparse array antenna array are selected as follows: the working frequency f is 20GHz, the element array unit size L is 256, the minimum unit spacing xi is 0.03, and the number N of subarrays is 9. The design target sidelobe level SLL0 is-15 dB. The method for configuring the sparse array antenna array according to the present invention will be described in detail below according to the above parameters and design objectives.
Fig. 2 shows a flow chart of a configuration method according to a first example embodiment of the present application.
According to a first exemplary embodiment of the present application, a method for configuring a sparse array antenna array is provided, which includes the following steps.
And step S210, randomly selecting two-dimensional data points from a two-dimensional LDS database according to the array unit scale of the sparse array antenna array to serve as an initial element array.
In the existing configuration method, an initial element array is generated directly through a random function according to the parameter array unit scale L of the sparse array antenna array. Therefore, the distributed sparse array antenna side lobe has high level and poor performance. In order to suppress the side lobe level, in the configuration method provided by the present application, a random function is used to generate a plurality of sets of two-dimensional LDS data points, and the number of each set of two-dimensional LDS data points is the cell size L. A plurality of sets of two-dimensional LDS data points are uniformly arranged on the normalization plane P. The abscissa value range of the normalized plane P is: x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, and the value range of the ordinate is as follows: y is 0 ≦ 1), a two-dimensional LDS database is formed (see FIG. 3, two sets of two-dimensional LDS data points). Therefore, the abscissa x of the two-dimensional data point has a value range of [0,1], and the ordinate y also has a value range of [0,1].
According to an example embodiment of the present application, the random function may be a halonset function or the like, which is not limited by the present application. According to an example embodiment of the present application, 3907678635463 two-dimensional data points may be contained in the two-dimensional LDS database when the cell size L is 256. Referring to FIG. 4, a set of two-dimensional data points can be randomly selected from a two-dimensional LDS database as an initial meta-array. The number of two-dimensional data points in the initial meta-array may be determined based on the array cell size L.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, it is also possible to remove two-dimensional data points having a cell pitch smaller than a set value according to the set minimum cell pitch (e.g., normalized minimum cell pitch ξ on the normalization plane P) from randomly selected initial cell array two-dimensional data points, thereby ensuring the pitch characteristics of the sparse array.
And S220, slicing the initial element array according to the number of the sub-arrays of the sparse array antenna array to obtain an initial low-difference sub-array with sector envelope.
Taking the number of subarrays N =9 as an example, the polar angle of the fan envelope is 360 °/9=40 °. The slicing process may be performed by cutting the normalized plane P with the origin of the normalized plane P as a center, the normalized radius 1 as a radius, and the polar angle of the sector envelope as a central angle. For example, a sector area is cut out with the origin of the plane in fig. 3 as the center, 1 as the radius, and 40 ° as the polar angle as the central angle (see fig. 5).
And step S230, according to the number of the subarrays, rotating and copying the initial low-difference subarrays to obtain an initial low-difference full array with a circular envelope.
Taking the number N =9 of the sub-arrays as an example, the initial low difference sub-array with the sector envelope is rotated by an equal angle to copy another 8 sub-arrays with the origin of coordinates in fig. 5 as the center of a circle, and the angular interval of the rotation is 40 ° of the sector angle of the initial low difference sub-array. The initial low difference subarrays and the 8 rotationally replicated subarrays form an axially symmetric initial low difference full array with a circular envelope (see fig. 6).
And step S240, carrying out scaling processing on the initial low-difference full array according to a set scaling coefficient to obtain the sparse array antenna array.
The initial low-difference full array shown in fig. 6 is an array arrangement after normalization processing, and in order to obtain a sparse array antenna array corresponding to design parameters, the normalized array needs to be scaled, so that a sparse array antenna array capable of being applied in engineering is obtained. The scaling factor is determined, for example, in accordance with the operating frequency or wavelength and the minimum cell spacing ξ.
According to the exemplary embodiment of the application, in order to enable flexible adjustment between the beam performance of the sparse array antenna array and the minimum unit spacing ξ, the scaling factor may also be set through the set spacing spreading factor κ. According to an example embodiment of the present application, the scaling factor scale may be determined by the following formula:
wherein, k is a set spacing expansion factor, λ is the wavelength of the sparse array antenna array, and ξ is the minimum unit spacing. Fig. 7 shows the scaled sparse array antenna array, which is an application model capable of meeting the operating frequency of 20 GHz.
Fig. 8A shows a flowchart of a method for configuring a sparse array antenna array according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present application.
According to the second exemplary embodiment of the present application, the method for configuring a sparse array antenna array illustrated in fig. 2 further includes the following steps.
And step S250, performing performance analysis on the sparse array antenna array, when the performance does not meet the design requirement, repeatedly performing the steps from randomly selecting two-dimensional data points to scaling treatment, and updating the sparse array antenna array until the performance meets the design requirement.
According to an example embodiment of the present application, beam performance analysis may also be performed on the sparse array antenna generated by the configuration method illustrated in fig. 2, for example, analysis may be performed using simulation software and array arrangement in fig. 7, and performance parameters such as directivity coefficient, radiation pattern, beam width, side lobe level, and the like of the sparse array when the beam is directed to the scanning angle may be obtained. As described above, in the exemplary embodiment of the present application, the design target sidelobe level SLL0 is-15 dB. And if the side lobe level parameters of the simulation analysis accord with the design target, outputting the sparse array antenna array.
According to the exemplary embodiment of the application, if the side lobe level parameter of the simulation analysis is-13.2 dB and does not reach the design target of-15 dB, the steps in fig. 2 may be repeated to update the obtained sparse array antenna array. And performing performance analysis on the updated sparse array antenna array again until the side lobe level of the sparse array antenna array reaches the design target, and outputting the sparse array antenna array reaching the design target as the final sparse array antenna array. Because the initial element array is randomly selected, the sparse array antenna array configuration which accords with the design target is obtained in a repeated mode, and compared with an iterative optimization mode, the sparse array antenna array configuration is higher in speed and higher in efficiency.
Fig. 8B is a schematic diagram illustrating an arrangement process of a sparse array antenna array according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present application.
Referring to fig. 8B, the implementation process of the sparse array antenna array configuration method shown in fig. 8A is as follows:
setting array parameters and design targets. For example, the operating frequency f of the sparse array antenna array is 20GHz, the element array unit size L is 256, the minimum unit spacing ξ is 0.03, and the number N of subarrays is 9. The design target sidelobe level SLL0 is-15 dB.
And generating a plurality of groups of two-dimensional LDS data by using a random function so as to generate a two-dimensional LDS random database. The number of each set of two-dimensional LDS data is an array cell size L.
And randomly selecting a group of two-dimensional LDS data from a two-dimensional LDS database to serve as an initial element array.
And clipping the initial element array to obtain an initial low-difference subarray. Taking the number of subarrays N =9 as an example, the polar angle of the fan envelope is 360 °/9=40 °. The cutting process comprises the following steps: with the origin of the plane in fig. 3 as the center of a circle, a sector area with a radius of 1 and an angle of 40 degrees is cut out.
And carrying out axisymmetric copying on the initial low-difference subarray to obtain an initial low-difference full array. Taking the number N =9 of the sub-arrays as an example, the sub-array with the sector envelope is rotated by an equal angle to copy another 8 sub-arrays with the origin of coordinates in fig. 5 as the center of a circle, and the angular interval of the rotation is 40 ° of the sector angle of the initial low difference sub-array. The initial low difference subarray and the 8 rotationally copied subarrays form an initial low difference full array with a circular envelope, which is arranged in an axial symmetry manner.
And scaling the initial low-difference full array to obtain a full array application model. The scaling factor is set, for example, by the pitch spreading factor κ, the operating frequency f or wavelength λ, the minimum cell pitch ξ. And carrying out scaling treatment on the initial low-difference full array according to a set scaling coefficient to obtain an application model of the sparse array antenna array.
Judging the beam performance of the obtained sparse array antenna array, and outputting and storing the sparse array antenna array when the performance meets the design requirement; and when the performance does not meet the design requirement, randomly selecting the initial element array again, repeating the steps, and updating the sparse array antenna array until the performance meets the design requirement.
Fig. 9A shows a flowchart of a method for configuring a sparse array antenna array according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present application.
According to the third exemplary embodiment of the present application, the method for configuring a sparse array antenna array illustrated in fig. 2 further includes the following steps.
Step S260, repeating the steps according to the set cycle number to obtain a group of sparse array antenna arrays; and performing performance judgment on the sparse array antenna array group, and screening out the sparse array antenna array meeting the design requirement.
According to an example embodiment of the present application, in order to obtain a sparse array antenna array with optimal performance, a cycle number Q may also be set, and the sparse array antenna array configuration method described in fig. 2 may be repeatedly executed. For example, the number of cycles Q may be set to 50, and the random selection, slicing, rotation and duplication, and scaling of the initial element array in fig. 2 are repeatedly performed in each cycle, so as to obtain 50 sparse array antenna arrays.
According to the exemplary embodiment of the application, beam performance analysis can be further performed according to 50 sparse array antenna arrays obtained by the cycle number, for example, simulation software is used for performing analysis, and performance parameters such as a directivity coefficient, a radiation pattern, a beam width, a side lobe level and the like of each sparse array when a beam points to a scanning angle can be obtained. As described above, in the exemplary embodiment of the present application, the design target side lobe level SLL0 is-15 dB. After performance analysis is carried out on 50 sparse array antenna arrays, the sparse array antenna array with side lobe level of-15 dB can be used as the final array arrangement; and the sparse array antenna array with the sidelobe level closest to-15 dB can be used as the final array arrangement, so that the sparse array antenna array meeting the design requirement is screened out. The determination of meeting the design requirement can be determined according to the actual requirement, which is not limited in the present application.
Similar to the configuration method described in fig. 8A, the initial element array is randomly selected, and the sparse array antenna array configuration meeting the design target is obtained by setting the repetition number, which is faster and more efficient than the iterative optimization method.
Fig. 9B is a schematic diagram illustrating an arrangement process of a sparse array antenna array according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present application.
Referring to fig. 9B, the implementation process of the sparse array antenna array configuration method shown in fig. 9A is as follows:
array parameters and design targets are set, and the cycle number Q is set. For example, the operating frequency f of the sparse array antenna array is 20GHz, the element array unit size L is 256, the minimum unit spacing ξ is 0.03, and the number N of subarrays is 9. The design target sidelobe level SLL0 is-15 dB. Cycle number Q = 50.
And generating a plurality of groups of two-dimensional LDS data by using a random function so as to generate a two-dimensional LDS random database. The number of each set of two-dimensional LDS data is the array cell size L.
Starting from the cycle number i =1, randomly selecting a group of two-dimensional LDS data in a two-dimensional LDS database as an initial element array.
And (5) clipping the initial element array to obtain an initial low-difference subarray. Taking the number of subarrays N =9 as an example, the polar angle of the fan envelope is 360 °/9=40 °. The cutting process comprises the following steps: with the origin of the plane in fig. 3 as the center of a circle, a sector area with 1 as the radius and an angle of 40 degrees is cut out.
And carrying out axisymmetric copying on the initial low-difference subarray to obtain an initial low-difference full array. Taking the number N =9 of the sub-arrays as an example, the initial low difference sub-array with the sector envelope is rotated by an equal angle to copy another 8 sub-arrays with the origin of coordinates in fig. 5 as the center of a circle, and the angular interval of the rotation is 40 ° of the sector angle of the initial low difference sub-array. The initial low difference subarrays and the 8 rotationally copied subarrays form an initial low difference full array with a circular envelope and arranged in an axial symmetry mode.
And scaling the initial low-difference full array to obtain a full array application model. The scaling factor is set, for example, by the pitch spreading factor κ, the operating frequency f or wavelength λ, the minimum cell pitch ξ. Carrying out scaling treatment on the initial low-difference full array according to a set scaling coefficient to obtain the ith sparse array antenna arrayApplication model M of columns i 。
And when i is not equal to the set cycle number Q, entering an i +1 th cycle. And when the i is equal to the set cycle number Q, performing beam performance judgment on the obtained Q sparse array antenna arrays, screening out the sparse array antenna arrays meeting the design requirement, and outputting and storing array arrangement data.
Fig. 10 shows a schematic diagram of a filtered sparse array antenna array configuration according to an example embodiment of the present application; fig. 11 is a schematic diagram one illustrating performance of a screened sparse array antenna array according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application; fig. 12 shows a performance diagram of a screened sparse array antenna array according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
According to the method described in fig. 9A, the number of cycles is set to 50, and the arrangement of the sparse array antenna array screened from the number of cycles is shown in fig. 10. 622 units are arranged in a circular area with the caliber of about 1.2 meters to generate a sparse array antenna. According to statistics, the minimum array spacing is 18.06mm (about 1.2 lambda), and the requirement that no structural interference is generated when the radiation units are physically arranged at the working frequency of 20GHz can be met. Meanwhile, referring to simulation results of fig. 11 and 12, the sparse array antenna array can realize beam scanning at an angle of ± 60 ° without grating lobes, and meanwhile side lobe levels are excellent.
The simulation results show that the raw sparse array antenna array obtained by the method has a sparse array arrangement effect far larger than a half-wavelength interval, the array units can be uniformly arranged in the aperture, and the engineering implementation performance is good. Meanwhile, the sparse array antenna array obtained by the method has the characteristic of larger array minimum spacing and has the working capacity of a wide frequency band.
Fig. 13 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration apparatus of a sparse array antenna array according to a first exemplary embodiment of the present application.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is also provided a device 200 for configuring a sparse array antenna array, including an initialization module 210, a cropping module 220, a copying module 230, and a scaling module 240.
The initialization module 210 is configured to randomly select a set of two-dimensional data points from a two-dimensional LDS database according to the array unit size as an initial element array. For example, several sets of two-dimensional LDS data are generated using a random function, the number of each set of two-dimensional LDS data being the element array unit size L. A set of two-dimensional data point points is randomly selected from a two-dimensional LDS database as an initial meta-array.
The cropping module 220 is configured to slice the initial element array according to the number of the sub-arrays, so as to obtain an initial low difference sub-array with a sector envelope. For example, the number of subarrays N =9, and the polar angle of the fan envelope is 360 °/9=40 °. The slicing process may be to cut out a sector area with a radius of 1 and an angle of 40 ° with the origin of the plane in the initial element array as the center.
The replication module 230 is configured to rotate and replicate the initial low difference subarray according to the number of subarrays to obtain an initial low difference full array having a circular envelope. For example, the subarray with the fan-shaped envelope is replicated by rotating the same angle for 8 additional subarrays, and the initial low-difference subarray form an initial low-difference full array with a circular envelope which is arranged in an axial symmetry mode.
The scaling module 240 is configured to scale the initial low-difference full array according to a set scaling coefficient, so as to obtain the sparse array antenna array. For example, the initial low-variance full array is scaled by a scaling factor determined by a pitch spreading factor, a wavelength, and a minimum cell pitch, thereby forming an application model satisfying an operating frequency of 20 GHz.
Fig. 14 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration apparatus of a sparse array antenna array according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present application.
According to the second exemplary embodiment of the present application, the configuration apparatus 200 may further include a first filtering module 250, configured to perform performance analysis on the sparse array antenna array, and when the performance does not meet the design requirement, update the sparse array antenna array again through the initialization module 210, the cutting module 220, the copying module 230, and the scaling module 240 until the performance meets the design requirement.
Fig. 15 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration apparatus of a sparse array antenna array according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present application.
According to the third exemplary embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 15, the configuration apparatus 200 may further include a second screening module 260, configured to obtain a set of the sparse array antenna arrays through the initialization module 210, the cutting module 220, the copying module 230, and the scaling module 240 according to a set number of cycles, and perform performance determination on the set of the sparse array antenna arrays to screen out a sparse array antenna array meeting design requirements.
FIG. 16 shows a block diagram of an electronic device composition according to an example embodiment of the present application.
There is also provided in accordance with another aspect of the present application an electronic device for sparse array antenna arrangement. An electronic device 800 according to this embodiment of the present application is described below with reference to fig. 16. The electronic device 800 shown in fig. 16 is only an example, and should not bring any limitation to the functions and the scope of use of the embodiments of the present application.
As shown in fig. 16, the electronic device 800 is in the form of a general purpose computing device. The components of the electronic device 800 may include, but are not limited to: at least one processing unit 810, at least one memory unit 820, a bus 830 that couples various system components including the memory unit 820 and the processing unit 810, and the like.
The storage unit 820 stores program codes, which can be executed by the processing unit 810, so that the processing unit 810 performs the configuration method according to the embodiments of the present application described in this specification.
The storage unit 820 may include readable media in the form of volatile memory units such as a random access memory unit (RAM) 8201 and/or a cache memory unit 8202, and may further include a read only memory unit (ROM) 8203.
The electronic device 800 may also communicate with one or more external devices 8001 (e.g., a touchscreen, keyboard, pointing device, bluetooth device, etc.), with one or more devices that enable a user to interact with the electronic device 800, and/or with any device (e.g., a router, modem, etc.) that enables the electronic device 800 to communicate with one or more other computing devices. Such communication may occur via input/output (I/O) interfaces 850. Also, the electronic device 800 may communicate with one or more networks (e.g., a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN), and/or a public network, such as the internet) via the network adapter 860. A network adapter 860 may communicate with the other modules of the electronic device 800 via the bus 830. It should be understood that although not shown in the figures, other hardware and/or software modules may be used in conjunction with the electronic device 800, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, and data backup storage systems, among others.
The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the above-described configuration method.
According to the configuration method of the sparse array antenna array, the initial element array is randomly selected from the two-dimensional random database to replace the direct random generation of the initial element array, so that the generated sparse array antenna array has better low difference, and the side lobe level is effectively inhibited; in the scaling process of engineering application, a distance expansion factor is added, so that the adjustment between the distance and the beam performance is more flexible; for the randomly selected initial element array, removing data points with too small intervals according to the minimum unit interval, thereby ensuring the characteristics of the sparse array; the initial element array is updated and the arrangement process is repeatedly executed to replace iterative optimization of the sparse array, so that the sparse array antenna array with performance meeting the design requirement is obtained, the speed is higher, and the efficiency is higher.
The foregoing embodiments have been described in detail to illustrate the principles and implementations of the present application, and the foregoing embodiments are only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present application. Meanwhile, a person skilled in the art should, according to the idea of the present application, change or modify the embodiments and applications of the present application based on the scope of the present application. In view of the above, the description should not be taken as limiting the application.
Claims (10)
1. A method for configuring a sparse array antenna array is characterized by comprising the following steps:
randomly selecting two-dimensional data points from a two-dimensional LDS database according to the array unit scale of the sparse array antenna array to serve as an initial element array;
determining a polar angle of a sector envelope according to the number of subarrays of the sparse array antenna array, and slicing the initial element array by taking the polar angle as a central angle to obtain an initial low-difference subarray with the sector envelope;
rotating and copying one of the initial low-difference sub-arrays according to the polar angle to obtain an initial low-difference full array with a circular envelope;
carrying out scaling processing on the initial low-difference full array according to a set scaling coefficient to obtain the sparse array antenna array;
performing performance analysis on the sparse array antenna array;
and when the performance does not meet the design requirement, repeatedly executing the steps until the performance meets the design requirement.
2. The configuration method according to claim 1, wherein the scaling factor is determined according to the following formula:
scale = k•λ/ξ，
wherein scale is the scaling factor, k is a set spacing expansion factor, λ is the wavelength of the sparse array antenna array, and ξ is a set minimum unit spacing.
3. The configuration method according to claim 2, wherein the randomly selecting two-dimensional data points from the two-dimensional LDS database according to the array element size of the sparse array antenna array comprises:
and removing data points with the unit spacing smaller than the minimum unit spacing in the two-dimensional data points.
4. The configuration method according to claim 1, wherein the two-dimensional data points lie in a normalization plane, an abscissa of the normalization plane has a value in a range of [0,1], and an ordinate of the normalization plane has a value in a range of [0,1].
5. The configuration method according to claim 4, wherein the polar angle of the fan envelope of the initial low disparity subarray is 360 °/N, where N is the number of subarrays.
6. The configuration method according to claim 5, wherein the determining a polar angle of a sector envelope according to the number of subarrays of the sparse array antenna array, and slicing the initial element array with the polar angle as a central angle comprises:
and cutting the normalization plane by taking the origin of the normalization plane as the center of a circle, taking the normalization radius 1 as the radius and taking the polar angle as the central angle.
7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
repeatedly executing the steps from randomly selecting two-dimensional data points to scaling processing according to the set cycle number to obtain a group of sparse array antenna arrays;
and performing performance judgment on the sparse array antenna array group, and screening out the sparse array antenna array meeting the design requirement.
8. A device for configuring a sparse array antenna array is characterized by comprising:
the initialization module is used for randomly selecting two-dimensional data points from a two-dimensional LDS database according to the array unit scale of the sparse array antenna array to serve as an initial element array;
the cutting module is used for determining a polar angle of a sector envelope according to the number of sub-arrays of the sparse array antenna array, and slicing the initial element array by taking the polar angle as a central angle to obtain an initial low-difference sub-array with the sector envelope;
the replication module is used for rotating and replicating one of the initial low difference sub-arrays according to the polar angle to obtain an initial low difference full array with a circular envelope;
the scaling module is used for scaling the initial low-difference full array according to a set scaling coefficient to obtain the sparse array antenna array;
the screening module is used for analyzing the performance of the sparse array antenna array, and when the performance does not meet the design requirement, the sparse array antenna array is updated again through the initialization module, the cutting module, the copying module and the scaling module until the performance meets the design requirement; or according to the set cycle number, obtaining a group of sparse array antenna arrays through the initialization module, the cutting module, the copying module and the scaling module, and performing performance judgment on the group of sparse array antenna arrays to screen out the sparse array antenna arrays meeting the design requirements.
9. An electronic device for sparse array antenna array configuration, comprising:
one or more processors;
storage means for storing one or more programs;
when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the configuration method of any one of claims 1-7.
10. A computer-readable medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the configuration method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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