CN114895479B - Wide viewing angle dual-view 3D display device - Google Patents
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- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/22—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type
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- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及3D显示技术，更具体地说，本发明涉及一种宽视角双视3D显示装置。The present invention relates to 3D display technology, and more particularly to a wide-viewing-angle dual-view 3D display device.
背景技术Background technique
中国专利CN202110355916.9提出一种基于偏振眼镜的双视3D显示方法，该方法通过集成成像显示设备实现双视3D显示；集成成像显示设备包括显示屏，偏振光栅，针孔阵列，偏振眼镜I和偏振眼镜II；显示屏，偏振光栅，针孔阵列依次平行放置，且对应对齐；偏振光栅与显示屏贴合；偏振光栅由光栅单元I和光栅单元II交替排列组成，光栅单元I的偏振方向与光栅单元II的偏振方向正交；显示屏用于显示离散式复合图像元阵列；离散式复合图像元阵列包括多个离散排列的图像元I和图像元II；图像元I的宽度等于图像元II的宽度；相邻图像元I的间隔宽度、相邻图像元II的间隔宽度、相邻图像元I与图像元II的间隔宽度均相等；图像元I的宽度q、相邻图像元I的间隔宽度a和针孔的节距p满足下式Chinese patent CN202110355916.9 proposes a dual-view 3D display method based on polarization glasses, which realizes dual-view 3D display through an integrated imaging display device; the integrated imaging display device includes a display screen, a polarization grating, a pinhole array, polarization glasses I and polarization glasses II; the display screen, the polarization grating, and the pinhole array are placed in parallel in sequence and aligned accordingly; the polarization grating is bonded to the display screen; the polarization grating is composed of grating units I and grating units II arranged alternately, and the polarization direction of grating unit I is orthogonal to the polarization direction of grating unit II; the display screen is used to display a discrete composite image element array; the discrete composite image element array includes a plurality of discretely arranged image elements I and image elements II; the width of image element I is equal to the width of image element II; the interval widths of adjacent image elements I, the interval widths of adjacent image elements II, and the interval widths of adjacent image elements I and image elements II are all equal; the width q of image element I, the interval width a of adjacent image elements I, and the pitch p of the pinholes satisfy the following formula
其中，l是最佳观看距离，g是显示屏与针孔阵列的间距；多个在水平方向上离散排列的图像元I与同一个光栅单元I对应对齐；多个在水平方向上离散排列的图像元II与同一个光栅单元II对应对齐；与同一个光栅单元I对应的在水平方向上离散排列的图像元I的数目等于与同一个光栅单元II对应的在水平方向上离散排列的图像元II的数目；光栅单元I和光栅单元II的节距s由下式计算得到Where, l is the optimal viewing distance, g is the distance between the display screen and the pinhole array; multiple discretely arranged image elements I in the horizontal direction are aligned with the same grating unit I; multiple discretely arranged image elements II in the horizontal direction are aligned with the same grating unit II; the number of discretely arranged image elements I in the horizontal direction corresponding to the same grating unit I is equal to the number of discretely arranged image elements II in the horizontal direction corresponding to the same grating unit II; the pitch s of grating unit I and grating unit II is calculated by the following formula
其中，k是与同一个光栅单元I对应的在水平方向上离散排列的图像元I的数目；图像元I通过与其对应的光栅单元I和针孔重建出3D图像I；图像元II通过与其对应的光栅单元II和针孔重建出3D图像II；图像元I的成像区域均在最佳观看距离处重合；图像元II的成像区域均在最佳观看距离处重合；通过偏振眼镜I只能看到3D图像I，通过偏振眼镜II只能看到3D图像II。图像元I的宽度q和相邻图像元I的间隔宽度a分别为Among them, k is the number of discretely arranged image elements I in the horizontal direction corresponding to the same grating unit I; image element I reconstructs 3D image I through its corresponding grating unit I and pinhole; image element II reconstructs 3D image II through its corresponding grating unit II and pinhole; the imaging areas of image element I overlap at the optimal viewing distance; the imaging areas of image element II overlap at the optimal viewing distance; only 3D image I can be seen through polarized glasses I, and only 3D image II can be seen through polarized glasses II. The width q of image element I and the interval width a of adjacent image elements I are respectively
其中，w是针孔的孔径宽度；根据中国专利CN202110355916.9附图1可知，3D图像I的水平观看视角θ 1和3D图像II的水平观看视角θ 3由下式计算得到Wherein, w is the aperture width of the pinhole; According to FIG. 1 of Chinese patent CN202110355916.9, the horizontal viewing angle θ1 of 3D image I and the horizontal viewing angle θ3 of 3D image II are calculated by the following formula:
。现有技术方案中，3D图像I和3D图像II的水平观看视角均与针孔的数目无关，均与针孔的孔径宽度无关。In the prior art solution, the horizontal viewing angles of the 3D image I and the 3D image II are both independent of the number of pinholes and the aperture width of the pinholes.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明提出了宽视角双视3D显示装置，如附图1所示，其特征在于，包括显示屏、偏振光栅、狭缝光栅I、狭缝光栅II、偏振眼镜I和偏振眼镜II；显示屏、偏振光栅、狭缝光栅I和狭缝光栅II依次平行放置；偏振光栅与显示屏贴合；显示屏、偏振光栅、狭缝光栅I和狭缝光栅II的中心对应对齐；显示屏和偏振光栅的水平宽度相同；显示屏用于显示复合图像元阵列；复合图像元阵列包括图像元I和图像元II，如附图2所示；图像元I的数目等于图像元II的数目；图像元I的节距等于图像元II的节距；偏振光栅包括偏振单元I和偏振单元II，如附图3所示；偏振单元I的数目等于偏振单元II的数目；偏振单元I的节距等于偏振单元II的节距；偏振单元I与偏振单元II交替排列；偏振单元I的偏振方向与偏振单元II的偏振方向正交；多个连续排列的图像元I与同一个偏振单元I对应对齐；多个连续排列的图像元II与同一个偏振单元II对应对齐；与同一个偏振单元I对应的多个连续排列的图像元I的数目等于与同一个偏振单元II对应的多个连续排列的图像元II的数目；偏振单元I用于起偏图像元I发出的光线，偏振单元II用于起偏图像元II发出的光线；狭缝光栅I用于光路调制；狭缝I的数目等于图像元I的数目的两倍；狭缝光栅II用于成像；狭缝II的数目等于狭缝I的数目；狭缝I的节距q、狭缝II的节距s、偏振单元I的节距t和狭缝I的孔径宽度w由下式计算得到The present invention proposes a wide-viewing angle dual-view 3D display device, as shown in FIG1, characterized in that it includes a display screen, a polarization grating, a slit grating I, a slit grating II, polarization glasses I and polarization glasses II; the display screen, the polarization grating, the slit grating I and the slit grating II are placed in parallel in sequence; the polarization grating is attached to the display screen; the centers of the display screen, the polarization grating, the slit grating I and the slit grating II are aligned correspondingly; the horizontal width of the display screen and the polarization grating is the same; the display screen is used to display a composite image element array; the composite image element array includes image elements I and image elements II, as shown in FIG2; the number of image elements I is equal to the number of image elements II; the pitch of image elements I is equal to the pitch of image elements II; the polarization grating includes polarization units I and polarization units II, as shown in FIG3; the number of polarization units I is equal to the number of polarization units II; The pitch of polarization unit I is equal to the pitch of polarization unit II; polarization unit I and polarization unit II are arranged alternately; the polarization direction of polarization unit I is orthogonal to the polarization direction of polarization unit II; a plurality of continuously arranged image elements I are aligned with the same polarization unit I; a plurality of continuously arranged image elements II are aligned with the same polarization unit II; the number of a plurality of continuously arranged image elements I corresponding to the same polarization unit I is equal to the number of a plurality of continuously arranged image elements II corresponding to the same polarization unit II; polarization unit I is used to polarize the light emitted by image element I, and polarization unit II is used to polarize the light emitted by image element II; slit grating I is used for light path modulation; the number of slits I is equal to twice the number of image elements I; slit grating II is used for imaging; the number of slits II is equal to the number of slits I; the pitch q of slit I, the pitch s of slit II, the pitch t of polarization unit I and the aperture width w of slit I are calculated by the following formula
（1） (1)
（2） (2)
（3） (3)
（4） (4)
其中，p是图像元II的节距，l是最佳观看距离，g是显示屏与狭缝光栅II的间距，d是狭缝光栅I与狭缝光栅II的间距，k是与同一个偏振单元I对应的多个连续排列的图像元I的数目，v是狭缝II的孔径宽度；狭缝光栅I与狭缝光栅II的间距d满足下式Wherein, p is the pitch of the image element II, l is the optimal viewing distance, g is the distance between the display screen and the slit grating II, d is the distance between the slit grating I and the slit grating II, k is the number of multiple consecutively arranged image elements I corresponding to the same polarization unit I, v is the aperture width of the slit II; the distance d between the slit grating I and the slit grating II satisfies the following formula:
（5） (5)
图像元I发出的一部分光线依次通过偏振单元I以及对应的狭缝I和狭缝II投射到成像区域I重建3D图像I，图像元I的成像区域I均在最佳观看距离处重合；图像元II发出的一部分光线依次通过偏振单元II以及对应的狭缝I和狭缝II投射到成像区域II重建3D图像II，图像元II的成像区域II均在最佳观看距离处重合；偏振眼镜I的偏振方向与偏振单元I的偏振方向相同，偏振眼镜II的偏振方向与偏振单元II的偏振方向相同；偏振眼镜I和偏振眼镜II用于分离3D图像I和3D图像II；通过偏振眼镜I只能观看到3D图像I，通过偏振眼镜II只能观看到3D图像II；在最佳观看距离处，3D图像I的观看视角θ 1和3D图像II的观看视角θ 2为A portion of the light emitted by the image element I is sequentially projected through the polarization unit I and the corresponding slits I and II to the imaging area I to reconstruct the 3D image I, and the imaging areas I of the image element I all overlap at the optimal viewing distance; a portion of the light emitted by the image element II is sequentially projected through the polarization unit II and the corresponding slits I and II to the imaging area II to reconstruct the 3D image II, and the imaging areas II of the image element II all overlap at the optimal viewing distance; the polarization direction of the polarization glasses I is the same as the polarization direction of the polarization unit I, and the polarization direction of the polarization glasses II is the same as the polarization direction of the polarization unit II; the polarization glasses I and the polarization glasses II are used to separate the 3D image I and the 3D image II; only the 3D image I can be viewed through the polarization glasses I, and only the 3D image II can be viewed through the polarization glasses II; at the optimal viewing distance, the viewing angle θ 1 of the 3D image I and the viewing angle θ 2 of the 3D image II are
（6） (6)
3D图像I和3D图像II的观看视角均与狭缝II的数目无关，且均与狭缝II的孔径宽度成正比。The viewing angles of the 3D image I and the 3D image II are independent of the number of slits II and are proportional to the aperture width of the slits II.
优选的，显示屏、偏振光栅、狭缝光栅I和狭缝光栅II的垂直宽度均相同。Preferably, the vertical widths of the display screen, the polarization grating, the slit grating I and the slit grating II are all the same.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
附图1为本发明的示意图Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention
附图2为本发明的复合图像元阵列的示意图FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a composite image element array of the present invention.
附图3为本发明的偏振光栅的示意图FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a polarization grating of the present invention.
上述附图中的图示标号为：The diagram numbers in the above drawings are:
1. 显示屏，2. 偏振光栅，3. 狭缝光栅I，4. 狭缝光栅II，5. 偏振眼镜I，6. 偏振眼镜II，7. 图像元I，8. 图像元II，9. 偏振单元I，10. 偏振单元II。1. Display screen, 2. Polarization grating, 3. Slit grating I, 4. Slit grating II, 5. Polarization glasses I, 6. Polarization glasses II, 7. Image element I, 8. Image element II, 9. Polarization unit I, 10. Polarization unit II.
应该理解上述附图只是示意性的，并没有按比例绘制。It should be understood that the above drawings are only schematic and are not drawn to scale.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面详细说明本发明的一个典型实施例，对本发明进行进一步的具体描述。有必要在此指出的是，以下实施例只用于本发明做进一步的说明，不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制，该领域技术熟练人员根据上述本发明内容对本发明做出一些非本质的改进和调整，仍属于本发明的保护范围。A typical embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below to further describe the present invention. It is necessary to point out that the following embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present invention and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Persons skilled in the art in this field may make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present invention based on the above content of the present invention, which still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
本发明提出了宽视角双视3D显示装置，如附图1所示，其特征在于，包括显示屏、偏振光栅、狭缝光栅I、狭缝光栅II、偏振眼镜I和偏振眼镜II；显示屏、偏振光栅、狭缝光栅I和狭缝光栅II依次平行放置；偏振光栅与显示屏贴合；显示屏、偏振光栅、狭缝光栅I和狭缝光栅II的中心对应对齐；显示屏和偏振光栅的水平宽度相同；显示屏用于显示复合图像元阵列；复合图像元阵列包括图像元I和图像元II，如附图2所示；图像元I的数目等于图像元II的数目；图像元I的节距等于图像元II的节距；偏振光栅包括偏振单元I和偏振单元II，如附图3所示；偏振单元I的数目等于偏振单元II的数目；偏振单元I的节距等于偏振单元II的节距；偏振单元I与偏振单元II交替排列；偏振单元I的偏振方向与偏振单元II的偏振方向正交；多个连续排列的图像元I与同一个偏振单元I对应对齐；多个连续排列的图像元II与同一个偏振单元II对应对齐；与同一个偏振单元I对应的多个连续排列的图像元I的数目等于与同一个偏振单元II对应的多个连续排列的图像元II的数目；偏振单元I用于起偏图像元I发出的光线，偏振单元II用于起偏图像元II发出的光线；狭缝光栅I用于光路调制；狭缝I的数目等于图像元I的数目的两倍；狭缝光栅II用于成像；狭缝II的数目等于狭缝I的数目；狭缝I的节距q、狭缝II的节距s、偏振单元I的节距t和狭缝I的孔径宽度w由下式计算得到The present invention proposes a wide-viewing angle dual-view 3D display device, as shown in FIG1, characterized in that it includes a display screen, a polarization grating, a slit grating I, a slit grating II, polarization glasses I and polarization glasses II; the display screen, the polarization grating, the slit grating I and the slit grating II are placed in parallel in sequence; the polarization grating is attached to the display screen; the centers of the display screen, the polarization grating, the slit grating I and the slit grating II are aligned correspondingly; the horizontal width of the display screen and the polarization grating is the same; the display screen is used to display a composite image element array; the composite image element array includes image elements I and image elements II, as shown in FIG2; the number of image elements I is equal to the number of image elements II; the pitch of image elements I is equal to the pitch of image elements II; the polarization grating includes polarization units I and polarization units II, as shown in FIG3; the number of polarization units I is equal to the number of polarization units II; The pitch of polarization unit I is equal to the pitch of polarization unit II; polarization unit I and polarization unit II are arranged alternately; the polarization direction of polarization unit I is orthogonal to the polarization direction of polarization unit II; a plurality of continuously arranged image elements I are aligned with the same polarization unit I; a plurality of continuously arranged image elements II are aligned with the same polarization unit II; the number of a plurality of continuously arranged image elements I corresponding to the same polarization unit I is equal to the number of a plurality of continuously arranged image elements II corresponding to the same polarization unit II; polarization unit I is used to polarize the light emitted by image element I, and polarization unit II is used to polarize the light emitted by image element II; slit grating I is used for light path modulation; the number of slits I is equal to twice the number of image elements I; slit grating II is used for imaging; the number of slits II is equal to the number of slits I; the pitch q of slit I, the pitch s of slit II, the pitch t of polarization unit I and the aperture width w of slit I are calculated by the following formula
（1） (1)
（2） (2)
（3） (3)
（4） (4)
其中，p是图像元II的节距，l是最佳观看距离，g是显示屏与狭缝光栅II的间距，d是狭缝光栅I与狭缝光栅II的间距，k是与同一个偏振单元I对应的多个连续排列的图像元I的数目，v是狭缝II的孔径宽度；狭缝光栅I与狭缝光栅II的间距d满足下式Wherein, p is the pitch of the image element II, l is the optimal viewing distance, g is the distance between the display screen and the slit grating II, d is the distance between the slit grating I and the slit grating II, k is the number of multiple consecutively arranged image elements I corresponding to the same polarization unit I, v is the aperture width of the slit II; the distance d between the slit grating I and the slit grating II satisfies the following formula:
（5） (5)
图像元I发出的一部分光线依次通过偏振单元I以及对应的狭缝I和狭缝II投射到成像区域I重建3D图像I，图像元I的成像区域I均在最佳观看距离处重合；图像元II发出的一部分光线依次通过偏振单元II以及对应的狭缝I和狭缝II投射到成像区域II重建3D图像II，图像元II的成像区域II均在最佳观看距离处重合；偏振眼镜I的偏振方向与偏振单元I的偏振方向相同，偏振眼镜II的偏振方向与偏振单元II的偏振方向相同；偏振眼镜I和偏振眼镜II用于分离3D图像I和3D图像II；通过偏振眼镜I只能观看到3D图像I，通过偏振眼镜II只能观看到3D图像II；在最佳观看距离处，3D图像I的观看视角θ 1和3D图像II的观看视角θ 2为A portion of the light emitted by the image element I is sequentially projected through the polarization unit I and the corresponding slits I and II to the imaging area I to reconstruct the 3D image I, and the imaging areas I of the image element I all overlap at the optimal viewing distance; a portion of the light emitted by the image element II is sequentially projected through the polarization unit II and the corresponding slits I and II to the imaging area II to reconstruct the 3D image II, and the imaging areas II of the image element II all overlap at the optimal viewing distance; the polarization direction of the polarization glasses I is the same as the polarization direction of the polarization unit I, and the polarization direction of the polarization glasses II is the same as the polarization direction of the polarization unit II; the polarization glasses I and the polarization glasses II are used to separate the 3D image I and the 3D image II; only the 3D image I can be viewed through the polarization glasses I, and only the 3D image II can be viewed through the polarization glasses II; at the optimal viewing distance, the viewing angle θ 1 of the 3D image I and the viewing angle θ 2 of the 3D image II are
（6） (6)
3D图像I和3D图像II的观看视角均与狭缝II的数目无关，且均与狭缝II的孔径宽度成正比。The viewing angles of the 3D image I and the 3D image II are independent of the number of slits II and are proportional to the aperture width of the slits II.
优选的，显示屏、偏振光栅、狭缝光栅I和狭缝光栅II的垂直宽度均相同。Preferably, the vertical widths of the display screen, the polarization grating, the slit grating I and the slit grating II are all the same.
图像元II的节距是10mm，显示屏与狭缝光栅II的间距是10mm，狭缝光栅I与狭缝光栅II的间距是5mm，狭缝II的孔径宽度是2mm，与同一个偏振单元I对应的多个连续排列的图像元I的数目是4，最佳观看距离是190mm，则由式（1）计算得到狭缝I的节距是9.75mm；由式（2）计算得到狭缝II的节距是9.5mm；由式（3）计算得到偏振单元I的节距是40mm；由式（4）计算得到狭缝I的孔径宽度是4mm；由式（6）计算得到3D图像I和3D图像II的观看视角均是62°。基于上述参数的现有技术方案中，3D图像I和3D图像II的观看视角均是52°。The pitch of image element II is 10 mm, the spacing between the display screen and slit grating II is 10 mm, the spacing between slit grating I and slit grating II is 5 mm, the aperture width of slit II is 2 mm, the number of multiple consecutively arranged image elements I corresponding to the same polarization unit I is 4, and the optimal viewing distance is 190 mm. Then, the pitch of slit I is calculated to be 9.75 mm by equation (1); the pitch of slit II is calculated to be 9.5 mm by equation (2); the pitch of polarization unit I is calculated to be 40 mm by equation (3); the aperture width of slit I is calculated to be 4 mm by equation (4); and the viewing angles of 3D image I and 3D image II are calculated to be 62° by equation (6). In the prior art solution based on the above parameters, the viewing angles of 3D image I and 3D image II are both 52°.
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