CN115145049B - Dual-view 3D display device based on composite polarizer - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及3D显示技术，更具体地说，本发明涉及一种基于复合偏振片的双视3D显示装置。The present invention relates to 3D display technology, and more particularly to a dual-view 3D display device based on a composite polarizing plate.
背景技术Background technique
中国专利201910442396.8提出一种集成成像双视3D显示装置，包括显示屏，偏振片，针孔阵列，偏振眼镜I和偏振眼镜II；显示屏用于显示微图像阵列，微图像阵列由子微图像阵列I和子微图像阵列II组成，子微图像阵列I由图像元I连续排列组成，且位于微图像阵列的左半部分，子微图像阵列II由图像元II连续排列组成，且位于微图像阵列的右半部分；偏振片与显示屏贴合，且位于显示屏与针孔阵列之间；针孔阵列平行放置在偏振片前方，且对应对齐；针孔阵列包含多组透光孔；偏振片由子偏振片I和子偏振片II组成，子偏振片I与子偏振片II的偏振方向正交；偏振眼镜I的偏振方向与子偏振片I相同，偏振眼镜II的偏振方向与子偏振片II相同；子微图像阵列I与子偏振片I对应对齐，子微图像阵列II与子偏振片II对应对齐；透光孔的节距、图像元I的节距、图像元II的节距均相同；每组透光孔的数目均等于微图像阵列中图像元I与图像元II的数目之和；相邻两组透光孔的间距均相同；与同一个图像元I对应的多个透光孔以该图像元I的中心为中心对称；与同一个图像元II对应的多个透光孔以该图像元II的中心为中心对称；针孔阵列的厚度t为Chinese patent 201910442396.8 proposes an integrated imaging dual-view 3D display device, including a display screen, a polarizer, a pinhole array, polarization glasses I and polarization glasses II; the display screen is used to display a micro-image array, the micro-image array is composed of a sub-micro-image array I and a sub-micro-image array II, the sub-micro-image array I is composed of image elements I arranged continuously and located in the left half of the micro-image array, and the sub-micro-image array II is composed of image elements II arranged continuously and located in the right half of the micro-image array; the polarizer is attached to the display screen and is located between the display screen and the pinhole array; the pinhole array is placed in parallel in front of the polarizer and aligned accordingly; the pinhole array includes multiple groups of light-transmitting holes; the polarizer is composed of a sub-polarizer I and a sub-polarizer II, The polarization directions of sub-polarizer I and sub-polarizer II are orthogonal; the polarization direction of polarization glasses I is the same as that of sub-polarizer I, and the polarization direction of polarization glasses II is the same as that of sub-polarizer II; sub-micro image array I is aligned with sub-polarizer I, and sub-micro image array II is aligned with sub-polarizer II; the pitch of light-transmitting holes, the pitch of image element I, and the pitch of image element II are all the same; the number of light-transmitting holes in each group is equal to the sum of the number of image elements I and image elements II in the micro image array; the spacing between two adjacent groups of light-transmitting holes is the same; the multiple light-transmitting holes corresponding to the same image element I are symmetrical with the center of the image element I as the center; the multiple light-transmitting holes corresponding to the same image element II are symmetrical with the center of the image element II as the center; the thickness t of the pinhole array is
其中，p是透光孔的节距，v是透光孔的垂直宽度，g是显示屏与针孔阵列的间距，z是透光孔的组数，a是相邻两组透光孔的垂直间距；子微图像阵列I通过多组透光孔重建出多个3D图像I，并在观看区域合并成一个高分辨率3D图像I，且只能通过偏振眼镜I看到；子微图像阵列II通过多组透光孔重建出多个3D图像II，并在观看区域合并成一个高分辨率3D图像II，且只能通过偏振眼镜II看到。该技术方案可以有效提升3D图像I和3D图像II的分辨率。根据中国专利201910442396.8附图5计算得到，3D图像I的观看视角θ 1和3D图像II的观看视角θ 2为Wherein, p is the pitch of the light-transmitting holes, v is the vertical width of the light-transmitting holes, g is the spacing between the display screen and the pinhole array, z is the number of light-transmitting holes, and a is the vertical spacing between two adjacent groups of light-transmitting holes; the sub-micro image array I reconstructs multiple 3D images I through multiple groups of light-transmitting holes, and merges them into a high-resolution 3D image I in the viewing area, and can only be seen through polarized glasses I; the sub-micro image array II reconstructs multiple 3D images II through multiple groups of light-transmitting holes, and merges them into a high-resolution 3D image II in the viewing area, and can only be seen through polarized glasses II. This technical solution can effectively improve the resolution of 3D images I and 3D images II. According to Figure 5 of Chinese Patent 201910442396.8, it is calculated that the viewing angle θ1 of 3D image I and the viewing angle θ2 of 3D image II are
其中，m是水平方向上图像元I的数目，l是观看距离。由上述两个公式可知，一方面：现有技术方案的针孔的厚度需要满足特定的关系式，且针孔的厚度与透光针孔的垂直宽度成正比；另一方面：现有技术方案的3D图像I的观看视角和3D图像II的水平观看视角均与针孔的厚度成反比。因此，现有技术方案的应用范围受到了限制。Wherein, m is the number of image elements I in the horizontal direction, and l is the viewing distance. From the above two formulas, it can be seen that, on the one hand, the thickness of the pinhole of the prior art solution needs to satisfy a specific relationship, and the thickness of the pinhole is proportional to the vertical width of the light-transmitting pinhole; on the other hand, the viewing angle of the 3D image I and the horizontal viewing angle of the 3D image II of the prior art solution are both inversely proportional to the thickness of the pinhole. Therefore, the application scope of the prior art solution is limited.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明提出了基于复合偏振片的双视3D显示装置，如附图1所示，其特征在于，包括显示屏、复合偏振片、狭缝光栅I、狭缝光栅II、偏振眼镜I和偏振眼镜II；显示屏、复合偏振片、狭缝光栅I和狭缝光栅II依次平行放置；复合偏振片与显示屏贴合；显示屏用于显示复合图像元阵列；复合图像元阵列包括图像元I和图像元II，如附图2所示；图像元I位于显示屏的左半部分，图像元II位于显示屏的右半部分；图像元I的数目等于图像元II的数目；图像元I的节距等于图像元II的节距；复合偏振片包括一个偏振片I和一个偏振片II，如附图3所示；偏振片I的水平宽度等于偏振片II的水平宽度；图像元I与偏振片I对应对齐，图像元II与偏振片II对应对齐；偏振片I的偏振方向与偏振片II的偏振方向正交；偏振片I用于起偏图像元I发出的光线，偏振片II用于起偏图像元II发出的光线；The present invention proposes a dual-view 3D display device based on a composite polarizer, as shown in FIG1, characterized in that it includes a display screen, a composite polarizer, a slit grating I, a slit grating II, polarization glasses I and polarization glasses II; the display screen, the composite polarizer, the slit grating I and the slit grating II are placed in parallel in sequence; the composite polarizer is attached to the display screen; the display screen is used to display a composite image element array; the composite image element array includes image element I and image element II, as shown in FIG2; image element I is located in the left half of the display screen, and image element II is located in the right half of the display screen; the number of image elements I is equal to the number of image elements II; the pitch of image element I is equal to the pitch of image element II; the composite polarizer includes a polarizer I and a polarizer II, as shown in FIG3; the horizontal width of polarizer I is equal to the horizontal width of polarizer II; image element I is aligned with polarizer I correspondingly, and image element II is aligned with polarizer II correspondingly; the polarization direction of polarizer I is orthogonal to the polarization direction of polarizer II; polarizer I is used to polarize the light emitted by image element I, and polarizer II is used to polarize the light emitted by image element II;
狭缝光栅I用于光路调制；狭缝光栅II用于成像；狭缝II的数目等于狭缝I的数目；每个图像元I均对应多个狭缝I，每个图像元I均对应多个狭缝II；每个图像元II均对应多个狭缝I，每个图像元II均对应多个狭缝II；每个图像元I对应的狭缝I的数目、每个图像元I对应的狭缝II的数目、每个图像元II对应的狭缝I的数目、每个图像元II对应的狭缝II的数目均相同；与每个图像元I对应的多个狭缝I以该图像元I的中心为中心对称，与每个图像元I对应的多个狭缝II以该图像元I的中心为中心对称；与每个图像元II对应的多个狭缝I以该图像元II的中心为中心对称，与每个图像元II对应的多个狭缝II以该图像元II的中心为中心对称；与每个图像元I对应的多个狭缝I的相邻间隔宽度、与每个图像元II对应的多个狭缝I的相邻间隔宽度均相同；与每个图像元I对应的多个狭缝II的相邻间隔宽度、与每个图像元II对应的多个狭缝II的相邻间隔宽度均相同；The slit grating I is used for light path modulation; the slit grating II is used for imaging; the number of slits II is equal to the number of slits I; each image element I corresponds to a plurality of slits I, and each image element I corresponds to a plurality of slits II; each image element II corresponds to a plurality of slits I, and each image element II corresponds to a plurality of slits II; the number of slits I corresponding to each image element I, the number of slits II corresponding to each image element I, the number of slits I corresponding to each image element II, and the number of slits II corresponding to each image element II are all the same; the multiple slits I corresponding to each image element I are centered on the center of the image element I. Symmetrical, the multiple slits II corresponding to each image element I are symmetrical with the center of the image element I as the center; the multiple slits I corresponding to each image element II are symmetrical with the center of the image element II as the center, and the multiple slits II corresponding to each image element II are symmetrical with the center of the image element II as the center; the adjacent interval widths of the multiple slits I corresponding to each image element I and the adjacent interval widths of the multiple slits I corresponding to each image element II are the same; the adjacent interval widths of the multiple slits II corresponding to each image element I and the adjacent interval widths of the multiple slits II corresponding to each image element II are the same;
狭缝I的孔径宽度w、与每个图像元I对应的多个狭缝I的相邻间隔宽度a由下式计算得到The aperture width w of the slit I and the adjacent interval width a of the multiple slits I corresponding to each image element I are calculated by the following formula:
（1） (1)
（2） (2)
其中，p是图像元I的节距，n是每个图像元I对应的狭缝I的数目，v是狭缝II的孔径宽度，b是与每个图像元I对应的多个狭缝II的相邻间隔宽度，d是狭缝光栅I与狭缝光栅II的间距，g是显示屏与狭缝光栅II的间距；Wherein, p is the pitch of the image element I, n is the number of slits I corresponding to each image element I, v is the aperture width of the slit II, b is the adjacent spacing width of the plurality of slits II corresponding to each image element I, d is the spacing between the slit grating I and the slit grating II, and g is the spacing between the display screen and the slit grating II;
狭缝光栅I与狭缝光栅II的间距d满足下式The spacing d between slit grating I and slit grating II satisfies the following formula:
（3） (3)
图像元I发出的一部分光线分别通过偏振片I以及对应的多个狭缝I和多个狭缝II投射到成像区域I，重建多个3D图像I，并在观看区域I合并成一个高分辨率3D图像I；图像元II发出的一部分光线分别通过偏振片II以及对应的多个狭缝I和多个狭缝II投射到成像区域II，重建多个3D图像II，并在观看区域II合并成一个高分辨率3D图像II；偏振眼镜I的偏振方向与偏振片I的偏振方向相同，偏振眼镜II的偏振方向与偏振片II的偏振方向相同；偏振眼镜I和偏振眼镜II用于分离3D图像I和3D图像II；通过偏振眼镜I只能观看到3D图像I，通过偏振眼镜II只能观看到3D图像II；3D图像I的观看视角θ 1和3D图像II的观看视角θ 2由下式计算得到A portion of the light emitted by the image element I is projected to the imaging area I through the polarizer I and the corresponding multiple slits I and multiple slits II, to reconstruct multiple 3D images I, and merge them into a high-resolution 3D image I in the viewing area I; a portion of the light emitted by the image element II is projected to the imaging area II through the polarizer II and the corresponding multiple slits I and multiple slits II, to reconstruct multiple 3D images II, and merge them into a high-resolution 3D image II in the viewing area II; the polarization direction of the polarization glasses I is the same as the polarization direction of the polarizer I, and the polarization direction of the polarization glasses II is the same as the polarization direction of the polarizer II; the polarization glasses I and the polarization glasses II are used to separate the 3D image I and the 3D image II; only the 3D image I can be viewed through the polarization glasses I, and only the 3D image II can be viewed through the polarization glasses II; the viewing angle θ 1 of the 3D image I and the viewing angle θ 2 of the 3D image II are calculated by the following formula
（4） (4)
其中，l是观看距离，m是图像元I的数目；3D图像I和3D图像II的观看视角均与狭缝II的孔径宽度成正比。Wherein, l is the viewing distance, m is the number of image elements I; the viewing angles of the 3D image I and the 3D image II are both proportional to the aperture width of the slit II.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
附图1为本发明的示意图Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention
附图2为本发明的复合图像元阵列的示意图FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a composite image element array of the present invention.
附图3为本发明的复合偏振片的示意图FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a composite polarizer of the present invention.
上述附图中的图示标号为：The diagram numbers in the above drawings are:
1. 显示屏，2. 复合偏振片，3. 狭缝光栅I，4. 狭缝光栅II，5. 偏振眼镜I，6. 偏振眼镜II，7. 图像元I，8. 图像元II，9. 偏振片I，10. 偏振片II。1. Display screen, 2. Composite polarizer, 3. Slit grating I, 4. Slit grating II, 5. Polarization glasses I, 6. Polarization glasses II, 7. Image element I, 8. Image element II, 9. Polarizer I, 10. Polarizer II.
应该理解上述附图只是示意性的，并没有按比例绘制。It should be understood that the above drawings are only schematic and are not drawn to scale.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面详细说明本发明的一个典型实施例，对本发明进行进一步的具体描述。有必要在此指出的是，以下实施例只用于本发明做进一步的说明，不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制，该领域技术熟练人员根据上述本发明内容对本发明做出一些非本质的改进和调整，仍属于本发明的保护范围。A typical embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below to further describe the present invention. It is necessary to point out that the following embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present invention and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Persons skilled in the art in this field may make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present invention based on the above content of the present invention, which still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
本发明提出了基于复合偏振片的双视3D显示装置，如附图1所示，其特征在于，包括显示屏、复合偏振片、狭缝光栅I、狭缝光栅II、偏振眼镜I和偏振眼镜II；显示屏、复合偏振片、狭缝光栅I和狭缝光栅II依次平行放置；复合偏振片与显示屏贴合；显示屏用于显示复合图像元阵列；复合图像元阵列包括图像元I和图像元II，如附图2所示；图像元I位于显示屏的左半部分，图像元II位于显示屏的右半部分；图像元I的数目等于图像元II的数目；图像元I的节距等于图像元II的节距；复合偏振片包括一个偏振片I和一个偏振片II，如附图3所示；偏振片I的水平宽度等于偏振片II的水平宽度；图像元I与偏振片I对应对齐，图像元II与偏振片II对应对齐；偏振片I的偏振方向与偏振片II的偏振方向正交；偏振片I用于起偏图像元I发出的光线，偏振片II用于起偏图像元II发出的光线；The present invention proposes a dual-view 3D display device based on a composite polarizer, as shown in FIG1, characterized in that it includes a display screen, a composite polarizer, a slit grating I, a slit grating II, polarization glasses I and polarization glasses II; the display screen, the composite polarizer, the slit grating I and the slit grating II are placed in parallel in sequence; the composite polarizer is attached to the display screen; the display screen is used to display a composite image element array; the composite image element array includes image element I and image element II, as shown in FIG2; image element I is located in the left half of the display screen, and image element II is located in the right half of the display screen; the number of image elements I is equal to the number of image elements II; the pitch of image element I is equal to the pitch of image element II; the composite polarizer includes a polarizer I and a polarizer II, as shown in FIG3; the horizontal width of polarizer I is equal to the horizontal width of polarizer II; image element I is aligned with polarizer I correspondingly, and image element II is aligned with polarizer II correspondingly; the polarization direction of polarizer I is orthogonal to the polarization direction of polarizer II; polarizer I is used to polarize the light emitted by image element I, and polarizer II is used to polarize the light emitted by image element II;
狭缝光栅I用于光路调制；狭缝光栅II用于成像；狭缝II的数目等于狭缝I的数目；每个图像元I均对应多个狭缝I，每个图像元I均对应多个狭缝II；每个图像元II均对应多个狭缝I，每个图像元II均对应多个狭缝II；每个图像元I对应的狭缝I的数目、每个图像元I对应的狭缝II的数目、每个图像元II对应的狭缝I的数目、每个图像元II对应的狭缝II的数目均相同；与每个图像元I对应的多个狭缝I以该图像元I的中心为中心对称，与每个图像元I对应的多个狭缝II以该图像元I的中心为中心对称；与每个图像元II对应的多个狭缝I以该图像元II的中心为中心对称，与每个图像元II对应的多个狭缝II以该图像元II的中心为中心对称；与每个图像元I对应的多个狭缝I的相邻间隔宽度、与每个图像元II对应的多个狭缝I的相邻间隔宽度均相同；与每个图像元I对应的多个狭缝II的相邻间隔宽度、与每个图像元II对应的多个狭缝II的相邻间隔宽度均相同；The slit grating I is used for light path modulation; the slit grating II is used for imaging; the number of slits II is equal to the number of slits I; each image element I corresponds to a plurality of slits I, and each image element I corresponds to a plurality of slits II; each image element II corresponds to a plurality of slits I, and each image element II corresponds to a plurality of slits II; the number of slits I corresponding to each image element I, the number of slits II corresponding to each image element I, the number of slits I corresponding to each image element II, and the number of slits II corresponding to each image element II are all the same; the multiple slits I corresponding to each image element I are centered on the center of the image element I. Symmetrical, the multiple slits II corresponding to each image element I are symmetrical with the center of the image element I as the center; the multiple slits I corresponding to each image element II are symmetrical with the center of the image element II as the center, and the multiple slits II corresponding to each image element II are symmetrical with the center of the image element II as the center; the adjacent interval widths of the multiple slits I corresponding to each image element I and the adjacent interval widths of the multiple slits I corresponding to each image element II are the same; the adjacent interval widths of the multiple slits II corresponding to each image element I and the adjacent interval widths of the multiple slits II corresponding to each image element II are the same;
狭缝I的孔径宽度w、与每个图像元I对应的多个狭缝I的相邻间隔宽度a由下式计算得到The aperture width w of the slit I and the adjacent interval width a of the multiple slits I corresponding to each image element I are calculated by the following formula:
（1） (1)
（2） (2)
其中，p是图像元I的节距，n是每个图像元I对应的狭缝I的数目，v是狭缝II的孔径宽度，b是与每个图像元I对应的多个狭缝II的相邻间隔宽度，d是狭缝光栅I与狭缝光栅II的间距，g是显示屏与狭缝光栅II的间距；Wherein, p is the pitch of the image element I, n is the number of slits I corresponding to each image element I, v is the aperture width of the slit II, b is the adjacent spacing width of the plurality of slits II corresponding to each image element I, d is the spacing between the slit grating I and the slit grating II, and g is the spacing between the display screen and the slit grating II;
狭缝光栅I与狭缝光栅II的间距d满足下式The spacing d between slit grating I and slit grating II satisfies the following formula:
（3） (3)
图像元I发出的一部分光线分别通过偏振片I以及对应的多个狭缝I和多个狭缝II投射到成像区域I，重建多个3D图像I，并在观看区域I合并成一个高分辨率3D图像I；图像元II发出的一部分光线分别通过偏振片II以及对应的多个狭缝I和多个狭缝II投射到成像区域II，重建多个3D图像II，并在观看区域II合并成一个高分辨率3D图像II；偏振眼镜I的偏振方向与偏振片I的偏振方向相同，偏振眼镜II的偏振方向与偏振片II的偏振方向相同；偏振眼镜I和偏振眼镜II用于分离3D图像I和3D图像II；通过偏振眼镜I只能观看到3D图像I，通过偏振眼镜II只能观看到3D图像II；3D图像I的观看视角θ 1和3D图像II的观看视角θ 2由下式计算得到A portion of the light emitted by the image element I is projected to the imaging area I through the polarizer I and the corresponding multiple slits I and multiple slits II, to reconstruct multiple 3D images I, and merge them into a high-resolution 3D image I in the viewing area I; a portion of the light emitted by the image element II is projected to the imaging area II through the polarizer II and the corresponding multiple slits I and multiple slits II, to reconstruct multiple 3D images II, and merge them into a high-resolution 3D image II in the viewing area II; the polarization direction of the polarization glasses I is the same as the polarization direction of the polarizer I, and the polarization direction of the polarization glasses II is the same as the polarization direction of the polarizer II; the polarization glasses I and the polarization glasses II are used to separate the 3D image I and the 3D image II; only the 3D image I can be viewed through the polarization glasses I, and only the 3D image II can be viewed through the polarization glasses II; the viewing angle θ 1 of the 3D image I and the viewing angle θ 2 of the 3D image II are calculated by the following formula
（4） (4)
其中，l是观看距离，m是图像元I的数目；3D图像I和3D图像II的观看视角均与狭缝II的孔径宽度成正比。Wherein, l is the viewing distance, m is the number of image elements I; the viewing angles of the 3D image I and the 3D image II are both proportional to the aperture width of the slit II.
图像元I的节距是10mm，狭缝II的孔径宽度是1mm，每个图像元I对应的狭缝I的数目是2，与每个图像元I对应的多个狭缝II的相邻间隔宽度是4mm，显示屏与狭缝光栅II的间距是6mm，狭缝光栅I与狭缝光栅II的间距是3mm，观看距离是500mm，图像元I的数目是31，则由式（1）计算得到狭缝I的孔径宽度是2mm；由式（2）计算得到与每个图像元I对应的多个狭缝I的相邻间隔宽度是3mm；由式（4）计算得到3D图像I和3D图像II的观看视角均是62°。基于上述参数的现有技术方案中，3D图像I和3D图像II的观看视角均是40°。The pitch of the image element I is 10 mm, the aperture width of the slit II is 1 mm, the number of slits I corresponding to each image element I is 2, the adjacent spacing width of the multiple slits II corresponding to each image element I is 4 mm, the spacing between the display screen and the slit grating II is 6 mm, the spacing between the slit grating I and the slit grating II is 3 mm, the viewing distance is 500 mm, and the number of image elements I is 31. Then, the aperture width of the slit I is calculated to be 2 mm by formula (1); the adjacent spacing width of the multiple slits I corresponding to each image element I is calculated to be 3 mm by formula (2); and the viewing angles of the 3D images I and II are calculated to be 62° by formula (4). In the prior art solution based on the above parameters, the viewing angles of the 3D images I and II are both 40°.
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