CN114894566A - Preparation device and test method of microorganism curing sample under seepage-freeze thawing circulation effect - Google Patents
Preparation device and test method of microorganism curing sample under seepage-freeze thawing circulation effect Download PDFInfo
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- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012424 Freeze-thaw process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005464 sample preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
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- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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Abstract
The invention provides a seepage-freeze thawing circulation microorganism solidified sample preparation device and a test method, wherein the device comprises the following components: the freezing and thawing module consists of a warm-cold plate at the lower end of the sample, a warm-cold plate at the middle end of the sample and a warm-cold plate at the upper end of the sample; the sample cavity is arranged at the lower part of the sample accommodating space, the upper part and the lower part of the sample cavity are both provided with solid water permeable cushion blocks, and the middle space of the sample cavity is filled with a sample; the pressure sensing cushion block is correspondingly arranged at the upper end of the sample cavity; the seepage module is composed of an upper communicating pipe network, an upper end fluid pipeline, a lower communicating pipe network and a lower end fluid pipeline of the sample, and the upper communicating pipe network and the lower communicating pipe network are respectively embedded in the upper end and the lower end of the sample. The method comprises the following steps: filling an initial sample; microbial immobilization; carrying out seepage and freeze-thaw cycling; the long-term performance of the microorganism-cured samples was evaluated. The device and the method can improve the preparation efficiency of the microorganism solidified sample and can also realize the simulation of actual environmental seepage and freeze-thaw cycle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of seepage freeze-thaw tests, and particularly relates to a preparation device and a test method of a microorganism solidified sample under seepage freeze-thaw cycling action.
Background
The microorganism solidification technology is a leading-edge technology in the field of foundation treatment at present, and as a novel soil body reinforcement mode, the microorganism solidification technology can effectively solidify some soil bodies which do not meet engineering requirements, so that the actual engineering application effect of bad soil bodies is effectively improved.
The existing preparation device and method for the microorganism curing sample have various forms, so that the microorganism curing sample has strong discreteness, low preparation efficiency and poor contrast, and certain restriction on accurate control of the strength and deformation characteristics of the subsequent microorganism curing sample. In the further application process of the microbial solidification technology, the influence of the effects of actual environmental seepage, freeze-thaw cycle and the like on the physical and mechanical properties of the solidified soil body is not negligible, but the related test methods have less attention in this respect at present, so that the technical problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field is urgently needed to provide the novel solidified sample preparation device and the novel solidified sample preparation method which can solve the problems existing in the microbial solidified sample preparation device in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a seepage-freeze thawing cycling microorganism solidified sample preparation device and a test method. The method has simple steps and can realize the penetration test of the microorganism solidification sample under different conditions.
In order to realize the aim, the invention provides a seepage-freeze thawing cycling action microorganism solidified sample preparation device, which comprises a stress loading frame, a freeze thawing module, a sample cavity, a pressure sensing cushion block and a seepage module, wherein the stress loading frame is connected with the freeze thawing module;
the stress loading frame consists of a bottom plate, a top plate, a connecting rod and a servo cylinder; the bottom plate is horizontally arranged at the bottom, the top plate is horizontally arranged above the bottom plate, and the left part and the right part of the top plate are respectively provided with a first through hole and a second through hole; the connecting rods are circumferentially arranged between the top plate and the bottom plate in a surrounding manner, and the upper end and the lower end of each connecting rod are fixedly connected with the top plate and the bottom plate respectively; a plurality of servo cylinders are arranged at the lower part of the top plate in a display manner, and cylinder barrel bases of the servo cylinders are fixedly connected with the top plate;
the freezing and thawing module consists of a sample lower end warm-cold plate, a sample middle end assembly and a sample upper end warm-cold plate, wherein the sample lower end warm-cold plate is arranged at the upper end of the bottom plate and is connected with the high-low temperature constant-temperature cold bath, a plurality of lower bearing grooves are formed in the upper part of the sample lower end warm-cold plate at positions corresponding to the servo cylinders, the sample middle end assembly is arranged at the upper part of the sample lower end warm-cold plate, and a plurality of middle bearing cavities penetrating through the height direction are formed in the middle part of the sample middle end assembly at positions corresponding to the lower bearing grooves; the warm-cold plate at the upper end of the sample is arranged at the upper end of the sample middle-end assembly and is connected with the high-low temperature constant-temperature cold bath, and a plurality of upper through holes penetrating through the height direction are formed in the lower part of the warm-cold plate at the upper end of the sample corresponding to the plurality of bearing cavities; the corresponding upper through hole, the middle bearing cavity and the lower bearing groove form a sample accommodating space;
the sample cavities are correspondingly arranged at the lower parts of the sample accommodating spaces one by one, solid permeable cushion blocks are arranged in the upper space and the lower space of the sample cavities, and samples are filled in the middle space of the sample cavities;
the plurality of pressure sensing cushion blocks and the plurality of sample accommodating spaces are arranged in a one-to-one corresponding manner and are arranged at the upper end of the sample cavity in a one-to-one corresponding manner;
the seepage module consists of an upper communicating pipe network of the sample, an upper end fluid pipeline, a lower communicating pipe network and a lower end fluid pipeline of the sample, wherein the upper communicating pipe network is buried in a warm-cold plate at the upper end of the sample, liquid outlet ends of a plurality of branch pipelines of the upper communicating pipe network are sequentially positioned at the edge of an upper through hole, the upper end fluid pipeline of the sample is vertically arranged at the left part above the top plate, the bottom of the upper end fluid pipeline is connected with a first drainage pipeline communicated with an inner cavity of the upper end fluid pipeline, and the first drainage pipeline penetrates through the first through hole and is connected with a liquid inlet end of the upper communicating pipe network; the lower communicating pipe network is buried in the warm and cold plate at the lower end of the sample, branch pipelines of the lower communicating pipe network sequentially penetrate through the lower space of the sample cavities, a plurality of water outlet holes are formed in the positions of the bottoms of the solid water permeable cushion blocks at the lower side, the fluid pipeline at the lower end of the sample is vertically arranged on the right portion above the top plate, the bottom of the fluid pipeline is connected with a second liquid discharge pipeline communicated with an inner cavity of the fluid pipeline, and the second liquid discharge pipeline penetrates through a second through hole and is connected with a liquid inlet end of the lower communicating pipe network.
Preferably, the plurality of servo cylinders are connected to the air pressure source through a high pressure line.
Furthermore, in order to obtain a seepage hydraulic gradient conveniently, the sizes of the upper end fluid pipeline and the lower end fluid pipeline of the sample are consistent, the setting positions of the upper end fluid pipeline and the lower end fluid pipeline are consistent, and scales are arranged on the upper end fluid pipeline and the lower end fluid pipeline.
Preferably, the sample accommodating space and the sample cavity are both cylindrical or cubic.
Furthermore, in order to control on-off and flow conveniently, a first control valve and a second control valve are connected to the first liquid discharge pipeline and the second liquid discharge pipeline respectively.
According to the invention, the stress loading frame can form a stable supporting mechanism, so that the freeze thawing module and the seepage module can be conveniently supported, the counter-force support can be provided for the servo cylinder, the servo cylinder can apply a set normal pressure to the sample, and the preparation of the microorganism sample is conveniently realized. The fluid pipeline at the upper end of the sample is communicated with the solid water-permeable cushion block at the upper side in each sample cavity through the upper communication pipe network, so that water can be conveniently injected into the solid water-permeable cushion block at the upper side, and further, the top-down seepage test can be conveniently realized; the fluid pipeline at the lower end of the sample is communicated with the solid water-permeable cushion blocks at the lower side in each sample cavity through the lower communication pipe network, so that water can be conveniently injected into the solid water-permeable cushion blocks at the lower side, a bottom-up seepage test can be conveniently realized, and meanwhile, microbial liquid can be conveniently injected into the sample to realize the preparation of a microbial solidified sample; the warm-cold plate at the lower end of the sample and the warm-cold plate at the upper end of the sample are both connected with a high-temperature or low-temperature constant-temperature cold bath, so that the environment with the temperature required by freezing and thawing can be conveniently provided for the sample, and further the freezing and thawing cycle test under different temperature conditions can be conveniently realized. The device can realize the batch preparation of the microorganism solidified sample, can greatly improve the preparation efficiency and the contrast of the microorganism solidified sample, can conveniently perform seepage tests under various conditions, can realize freeze-thaw cycle tests under various temperature conditions, and can provide reliable technical support for researching the long-term performance of the microorganism solidified sample under the action of environmental seepage and freeze-thaw cycle.
The invention also provides a seepage-freeze thawing cycling effect microorganism solidified sample test method, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: filling an initial sample;
s11: sequentially assembling a warm-cold plate at the lower end of the sample, a warm-cold plate at the middle end of the sample and a warm-cold plate at the upper end of the sample on the upper part of the bottom plate from bottom to top, and longitudinally aligning the upper through hole, the middle bearing cavity and the lower bearing groove to form a sample accommodating space;
s12: arranging a sample cavity in each sample accommodating space, and sequentially assembling a solid water-permeable cushion block at the lower side, the sample and a solid water-permeable cushion block at the upper side from bottom to top;
s13: a pressure sensing cushion block is arranged above each sample cavity, and the pressure sensing cushion blocks are attached to the upper ends of the solid water permeable cushion blocks arranged on the upper side;
s14: installing a plurality of servo cylinders on a top plate corresponding to a plurality of sample cavities, and enabling the top plate to be supported above a warm and cold plate at the upper end of a sample through a connecting rod;
s15: providing constant air pressure to the servo cylinders by using an air pressure source, synchronously extending piston rods of the servo cylinders outwards, and applying vertical load to the solid water permeable cushion block on the upper side to press the sample into a sample with specific density;
step two: microbial immobilization;
s21: keeping the air pressure of the servo cylinder constant in the microbial curing process, so that the sample is subjected to constant vertical load;
s22: filling the lower end fluid pipeline with microbial liquid, opening a second control valve on the second liquid discharge pipeline and a first control valve on the first liquid discharge pipeline, and injecting the microbial liquid to the bottoms of the plurality of sample cavities through the second liquid discharge pipeline and the lower communicating pipe network in sequence; in the continuous injection process, redundant microbial inoculum is introduced into the upper end fluid pipeline by utilizing the upper communicating pipe network and the first drainage pipeline; standing for a set time to enable the microbial liquid injected into the sample to generate a microbial solidification effect;
s23: repeating S22 until the desired microbial immobilization requirement is achieved;
step three: after the microorganism solidification is finished, carrying out seepage or freeze-thaw cycling;
s31: seepage action: when a seepage test needs to be carried out from top to bottom, a first control valve and a second control valve are respectively opened, a water supply pipeline is connected with the upper end of a fluid pipeline at the upper end of a sample, water with set pressure is supplied within set time, water is injected into a solid water-permeable cushion block at the upper side in each sample cavity through a first liquid discharge pipeline and an upper communication pipe network, the connection between the water supply pipeline and the upper end of the fluid pipeline at the upper end of the sample is disconnected after the water injection time is up, in the process, water which seeps out from the upper side and the lower side is collected through the second liquid discharge pipeline and the lower communication pipe network, the seepage action is carried out for multiple times, and the seepage hydraulic gradient is obtained through a formula;
when a seepage test needs to be carried out from bottom to top, a first control valve and a second control valve are respectively opened, a water supply pipeline is connected with the upper end of a lower end fluid pipeline, water with set pressure is supplied within set time, water is injected into a solid water-permeable cushion block on the lower side in each sample cavity through a second drainage pipeline and a lower communicating pipe network, the connection between the water supply pipeline and the upper end of the lower end fluid pipeline of the sample is disconnected after the water injection time is up, in the process, water seeping out from bottom to top is collected through the first drainage pipeline and the upper communicating pipe network, seepage is carried out for many times, and a seepage hydraulic gradient is obtained through a formula (1);
i seepage ＝ΔH/h(1)；
in the formula, delta H is the height of free liquid level of fluid in the fluid pipeline at the upper end of the sample and the fluid pipeline at the lower end of the sample, and H is the height of the solidified sample;
s32: freeze-thaw cycling action: opening the first control valve and the second control valve to communicate the sample with the outside, and performing a freeze-thaw cycle test of the microorganism solidified sample under the open system condition; firstly, respectively providing temperature environments required for freezing to a warm-cold plate at the upper end of a sample and a warm-cold plate at the lower end of the sample by using a low-temperature constant-temperature cold bath so as to gradually freeze a solidified sample, wherein the solidified sample reaches a frozen state after the freezing reaches a set time; after freezing operation, respectively providing temperature environments required for melting for a warm-cold plate at the upper end of the sample and a warm-cold plate at the lower end of the sample by using a high-temperature constant-temperature cold bath so as to gradually melt the solidified sample, wherein the solidified sample reaches a melting state after the melting reaches a set time; performing circulating freeze thawing operation for multiple times; in the process, a freeze thawing temperature gradient is obtained through a formula;
closing the first control valve and the second control valve to completely isolate the sample from the outside, and performing a freeze-thaw cycle test on the microorganism solidified sample under the condition of a closed system; firstly, respectively providing temperature environments required for freezing to a warm-cold plate at the upper end of a sample and a warm-cold plate at the lower end of the sample by using a low-temperature constant-temperature cold bath so as to gradually freeze a solidified sample, wherein the solidified sample reaches a frozen state after the freezing reaches a set time; after freezing operation, respectively providing temperature environments required for melting for a warm-cold plate at the upper end of the sample and a warm-cold plate at the lower end of the sample by using a high-temperature constant-temperature cold bath so as to gradually melt the solidified sample, wherein the solidified sample reaches a melting state after the melting reaches a set time; performing circulating freeze thawing operation for multiple times; in the process, a freeze-thaw temperature gradient is obtained through a formula (2);
i freeze-t h aw ＝ΔT/h(2)；
in the formula, delta T is the absolute value of the temperature difference between the warm-cold plate at the upper end of the sample and the warm-cold plate at the lower end of the sample;
step four: and taking out the sample subjected to seepage or freeze-thaw action, and then carrying out direct shearing and triaxial shearing physical and mechanical property index tests to evaluate the influence of the freeze-thaw action and the seepage action on the long-term performance of the microorganism solidification sample.
In order to carry out freeze-thaw tests under accurate temperature conditions, in step three, S32, the temperature range of the high-temperature or low-temperature constant-temperature cold bath is between-20 ℃ and 80 ℃, and the control precision is +/-0.1 ℃.
Further, in order to perform a freeze-thaw test under a set load pressure condition, in the seepage or freeze-thaw process in the third step, a constant air pressure is provided to the plurality of servo cylinders by using an air pressure source, so that the piston rods of the plurality of servo cylinders synchronously extend outwards, and a vertical load with a set pressure is applied to the solid water permeable cushion block on the upper side.
Further, in order to provide various freezing and thawing conditions, in the seepage or freezing and thawing process in the third step, the temperature environment required by the warm-cold plate at the upper end of the sample and the temperature environment required by the warm-cold plate at the lower end of the sample are the same or different.
In the invention, in the microbial solidification process, the servo cylinders are utilized to apply vertical load to the samples, so that the samples with specific density can be conveniently prepared, the preparation requirements of the samples with different densities can be met, and the seepage and freeze-thaw tests of the samples with different densities can be conveniently realized; the lower end fluid pipeline, the second drainage pipeline and the lower communicating pipe network are used for injecting microbial liquid into the sample in the sample cavity, and meanwhile, the upper communicating pipe network, the first drainage pipeline and the upper end fluid pipeline are used for injecting redundant microbial liquid, so that the microbial solidified sample with uniform specification and standard sample quality can be conveniently and quickly prepared; in the seepage process, on one hand, water can be injected into the sample by using the upper end fluid pipeline, the first drainage pipeline and the upper communication pipe network of the sample, and simultaneously, the collection of seepage water is carried out by using the lower communication pipe network, the second drainage pipeline and the lower end fluid pipeline, so that the top-down seepage test can be realized; on the other hand, a fluid pipeline at the lower end of the sample, a second drainage pipeline and a lower communication pipe network can be used for injecting water into the sample, and meanwhile, an upper communication pipe network, a first drainage pipeline and an upper end fluid pipeline are used for collecting seepage water, so that a seepage test from bottom to top can be realized, and the seepage test under different conditions can be conveniently realized; the first control valve and the second control valve are opened or closed in the freezing and thawing process, so that the water supply condition in the freezing and thawing cycle action process of the microbial solidified sample can be conveniently controlled, and the freezing and thawing cycle action of the microbial solidified sample under the open and closed system conditions can be further realized respectively. The test method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple operation steps, good economic benefit and high use value, can be used for quickly and conveniently preparing a batch of microorganism solidification samples with uniform forms, can also be used for performing permeation experiments on the solidification samples under different experimental conditions, can be used for conveniently realizing freeze-thaw experiments under different conditions, provides a reliable technical means for developing the research on the microorganism solidification samples under complex environments, and can provide reference and basis for the performance of the microorganism solidification samples under complex environments by test data.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in the present invention.
In the figure: 1. sample upper end fluid pipeline, 2, sample lower extreme fluid pipeline, 3, the roof, 4, the connecting rod, 5, the bottom plate, 6, the warm cold drawing of sample lower extreme, 7, the sample middle-end subassembly, 8, the warm cold drawing of sample upper end, 9, the sample cavity, 10, the solid cushion that permeates water, 11, the pressure sensing cushion, 12, servo cylinder, 13, the sample, 14, first drainage pipeline, 15, second drainage pipeline, 16, go up the intercommunication pipe network, 17, communicate the pipe network down.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a seepage-freeze thawing cycling microorganism solidified sample preparation device comprises a stress loading frame, a freeze thawing module, a sample cavity 9, a pressure sensing cushion block 11 and a seepage module;
the stress loading frame consists of a bottom plate 5, a top plate 3, a connecting rod 5 and a servo cylinder 12; the bottom plate 5 is horizontally arranged at the bottom, the top plate 3 is horizontally arranged above the bottom plate 5, and the left part and the right part of the top plate are respectively provided with a first through hole and a second through hole; the connecting rods 5 are circumferentially arranged between the top plate 3 and the bottom plate 5 in a surrounding manner, and the upper end and the lower end of each connecting rod are fixedly connected with the top plate 3 and the bottom plate 5 respectively; a plurality of servo cylinders 12 are arranged at the lower part of the top plate 3 in a display manner, and cylinder bases of the servo cylinders are fixedly connected with the top plate 3;
the freezing and thawing module consists of a sample lower end warm cold plate 6, a sample middle end assembly 7 and a sample upper end warm cold plate 8, wherein the sample lower end warm cold plate 6 is arranged at the upper end of the bottom plate 5 and is connected with a high-low temperature constant temperature cold bath, a plurality of lower bearing grooves are formed in the upper part of the sample lower end warm cold plate 6 at positions corresponding to the plurality of servo cylinders 12, the sample middle end assembly 7 is arranged at the upper part of the sample lower end warm cold plate 6, and a plurality of middle bearing cavities penetrating through the height direction are formed in the middle part of the sample middle part at positions corresponding to the plurality of lower bearing grooves; the warm-cold plate 8 at the upper end of the sample is arranged at the upper end of the sample middle-end assembly 7 and is connected with the high-low temperature constant-temperature cold bath, and a plurality of upper through holes penetrating through the height direction are formed in the lower part of the warm-cold plate at the position corresponding to the plurality of bearing cavities; the corresponding upper through hole, the middle bearing cavity and the lower bearing groove form a sample accommodating space;
the plurality of sample cavities 9 are correspondingly arranged at the lower parts of the plurality of sample accommodating spaces one by one, solid water permeable cushion blocks 10 are respectively arranged in the upper space and the lower space of the sample cavities 9, and a sample 13 is filled in the middle space of the sample cavities;
the pressure sensing cushion blocks 11 and the sample accommodating spaces are arranged in a one-to-one corresponding mode and are arranged at the upper end of the sample cavity 9 in a one-to-one corresponding mode;
the seepage module consists of an upper communicating pipe network 16 of a sample, an upper end fluid pipeline 1, a lower communicating pipe network 17 and a lower end fluid pipeline 2 of the sample, wherein the upper communicating pipe network 16 is buried in a warm and cold plate 8 at the upper end of the sample, liquid outlet ends of a plurality of branch pipelines are sequentially positioned at the edge of an upper through hole, the upper end fluid pipeline 1 of the sample is vertically arranged at the left part above a top plate 3, the bottom of the upper end fluid pipeline is connected with a first drainage pipeline 14 communicated with an inner cavity of the upper end fluid pipeline, and the first drainage pipeline penetrates through a first through hole and is connected with a liquid inlet end of the upper communicating pipe network 16; the lower communicating pipe network 17 is buried in the warm and cold plate 6 at the lower end of the sample, branch pipelines of the lower communicating pipe network sequentially penetrate through the lower space of the sample cavities 9, a plurality of water outlet holes are formed in the positions of the bottoms of the solid water-permeable cushion blocks 10 at the lower side, the fluid pipeline 2 at the lower end of the sample is vertically arranged on the right part above the top plate 3, the bottom of the fluid pipeline is connected with a second liquid discharge pipeline 15 communicated with an inner cavity of the fluid pipeline, and the second liquid discharge pipeline 15 penetrates through a second through hole to be connected with a liquid inlet end of the lower communicating pipe network 17.
Preferably, the plurality of servo cylinders 12 are connected to a pneumatic pressure source through a high pressure line.
In order to obtain the seepage hydraulic gradient conveniently, the sizes of the upper end fluid pipeline 1 and the sample lower end fluid pipeline 2 are consistent, the setting positions are consistent, and scales are arranged on the upper end fluid pipeline 1 and the sample lower end fluid pipeline.
Preferably, the sample receiving space and the sample chamber 9 are cylindrical or cubic, although the size and shape of the chamber may be adapted to the requirements of the test.
In order to control the on-off and the flow rate conveniently, a first control valve and a second control valve are connected to the first drainage pipeline 14 and the second drainage pipeline 15 respectively.
According to the invention, the stress loading frame can form a stable supporting mechanism, so that the freeze thawing module and the seepage module can be conveniently supported, the counter-force support can be provided for the servo cylinder, the servo cylinder can apply a set normal pressure to the sample, and the preparation of the microorganism sample is conveniently realized. The fluid pipeline at the upper end of the sample is communicated with the solid water-permeable cushion block at the upper side in each sample cavity through the upper communication pipe network, so that water can be conveniently injected into the solid water-permeable cushion block at the upper side, and further, the top-down seepage test can be conveniently realized; the fluid pipeline at the lower end of the sample is communicated with the solid water-permeable cushion blocks at the lower side in each sample cavity through the lower communication pipe network, so that water can be conveniently injected into the solid water-permeable cushion blocks at the lower side, a bottom-up seepage test can be conveniently realized, and meanwhile, microbial liquid can be conveniently injected into the sample to realize the preparation of a microbial solidified sample; the warm-cold plate at the lower end of the sample and the warm-cold plate at the upper end of the sample are both connected with a high-temperature or low-temperature constant-temperature cold bath, so that the environment with the temperature required by freezing and thawing can be conveniently provided for the sample, and further the freezing and thawing cycle test under different temperature conditions can be conveniently realized. The device can realize the batch preparation of the microorganism solidified sample, can greatly improve the preparation efficiency and the contrast of the microorganism solidified sample, can conveniently perform seepage tests under various conditions, can realize freeze-thaw cycle tests under various temperature conditions, and can provide reliable technical support for researching the long-term performance of the microorganism solidified sample under the action of environmental seepage and freeze-thaw cycle.
The invention also provides a seepage-freeze thawing cycling effect microorganism solidified sample test method, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: filling an initial sample;
s11: sequentially assembling a warm-cold plate 6 at the lower end of the sample, a warm-cold plate 7 at the middle end of the sample and a warm-cold plate 8 at the upper end of the sample on the upper part of the bottom plate 5 from bottom to top, and longitudinally aligning the upper through hole, the middle bearing cavity and the lower bearing groove to form a sample accommodating space;
s12: a sample cavity 9 is arranged in each sample accommodating space, and a solid water permeable cushion block 10 at the lower side, a sample 13 and a solid water permeable cushion block 10 at the upper side are sequentially assembled from bottom to top;
s13: a pressure sensing cushion block 11 is arranged above each sample cavity 9, and the pressure sensing cushion block 11 is attached to the upper end of a solid water permeable cushion block 10 arranged on the upper side;
s14: a plurality of servo cylinders 12 are arranged on the top plate 3 corresponding to a plurality of sample cavities 9, and the top plate 3 is supported above a warm and cold plate 8 at the upper end of a sample through a connecting rod 5;
s15: providing constant air pressure to the servo cylinders 12 by using an air pressure source, enabling piston rods of the servo cylinders 12 to synchronously extend outwards, and applying a vertical load to the solid water permeable cushion block 10 on the upper side to press the sample 13 into a sample 13 with specific density; in the process, a load value can be obtained in real time through the pressure sensing cushion block 11, the density of the sample 13 is matched according to the load value, and the servo cylinder 12 is controlled to stop acting when the load value reaches a set value;
step two: microbial immobilization;
s21: keeping the air pressure of the servo air cylinder 12 constant in the microbial curing process, so that the sample 13 is subjected to constant vertical load;
s22: filling the fluid pipeline 2 at the lower end with microbial liquid, opening a second control valve on a second liquid discharge pipeline 15 and a first control valve on a first liquid discharge pipeline 14, and injecting the microbial liquid to the bottoms of the plurality of sample cavities 9 through the second liquid discharge pipeline 15 and a lower communication pipe network 17 in sequence; in the continuous injection process, redundant microorganism liquid is introduced into the upper end fluid pipeline 1 by utilizing the upper communication pipe network 16 and the first liquid discharge pipeline 14; standing for a set time to allow the microbial liquid injected into the sample 13 to generate a microbial solidification effect;
s23: repeating S22 until the desired microbial immobilization requirement is achieved;
step three: after the microorganism solidification is finished, carrying out seepage or freeze-thaw cycling;
s31: seepage action: when a seepage test needs to be carried out from top to bottom, a first control valve and a second control valve are respectively opened, a water supply pipeline is connected with the upper end of a fluid pipeline 1 at the upper end of a sample, water with set pressure is supplied within set time, water is injected into a solid water-permeable cushion block 10 at the upper side in each sample cavity 9 through a first liquid discharge pipeline 14 and an upper communication pipe network 16, the connection between the water supply pipeline and the upper end of the fluid pipeline 1 at the upper end of the sample is disconnected after the water injection time is up, in the process, water which seeps out from the upper part and the lower part is collected through a second liquid discharge pipeline 15 and a lower communication pipe network 17, the seepage effect is carried out for a plurality of times, and the seepage hydraulic gradient is obtained through a formula 1;
when a seepage test needs to be carried out from bottom to top, a first control valve and a second control valve are respectively opened, a water supply pipeline is connected with the upper end of a lower end fluid pipeline 2, water with set pressure is supplied within set time, water is injected into a solid water permeable cushion block 10 on the lower side in each sample cavity 9 through a second drainage pipeline 15 and a lower communication pipe network 17, the connection between the water supply pipeline and the upper end of the lower end fluid pipeline 2 of the sample is disconnected after the water injection time is up, in the process, water seeping from bottom to top is collected through a first drainage pipeline 14 and an upper communication pipe network 16, seepage effect is carried out for many times, and seepage hydraulic gradient is obtained through a formula (1);
i seepage ＝ΔH/h (1)；
in the formula, Δ H is the height of the free liquid level of the fluid in the fluid pipeline 1 at the upper end of the sample and the fluid pipeline 2 at the lower end of the sample, and H is the height of the solidified sample;
s32: freeze-thaw cycling action: opening the first control valve and the second control valve to communicate the sample 13 with the outside, and performing a freeze-thaw cycle test of the microorganism solidified sample under the open system condition; firstly, respectively providing temperature environments required for freezing for a warm-cold plate 8 at the upper end of a sample and a warm-cold plate 6 at the lower end of the sample by using a low-temperature constant-temperature cold bath to gradually freeze a solidified sample, wherein the solidified sample reaches a frozen state after the freezing reaches a set time; after freezing operation, respectively providing temperature environments required for melting to a warm-cold plate 8 at the upper end of the sample and a warm-cold plate 6 at the lower end of the sample by using a high-temperature constant-temperature cold bath so as to gradually melt the solidified sample, wherein the solidified sample reaches a melting state after the melting reaches a set time; performing cyclic freeze thawing operation for multiple times; in the process, a freeze thawing temperature gradient is obtained through a formula 2;
closing the first control valve and the second control valve to completely isolate the sample 13 from the outside, and performing a freeze-thaw cycle test of the microorganism solidification sample under the condition of a closed system; firstly, respectively providing temperature environments required for freezing for a warm-cold plate 8 at the upper end of a sample and a warm-cold plate 6 at the lower end of the sample by using a low-temperature constant-temperature cold bath to gradually freeze a solidified sample, wherein the solidified sample reaches a frozen state after the freezing reaches a set time; after freezing operation, respectively providing temperature environments required for melting to a warm-cold plate 8 at the upper end of the sample and a warm-cold plate 6 at the lower end of the sample by using a high-temperature constant-temperature cold bath so as to gradually melt the solidified sample, wherein the solidified sample reaches a melting state after the melting reaches a set time; performing cyclic freeze thawing operation for multiple times; in the process, a freeze-thaw temperature gradient is obtained through a formula (2);
i freeze-t h aw ＝ΔT/h (2)；
in the formula, delta T is the absolute value of the temperature difference between the warm and cold plate 8 at the upper end of the sample and the warm and cold plate 6 at the lower end of the sample;
step four: and taking out the sample 13 subjected to seepage or freeze-thaw action, and then carrying out direct shearing and triaxial shearing physical and mechanical property index tests to evaluate the influence of the freeze-thaw and seepage action on the long-term performance of the microorganism solidified sample.
In order to carry out freeze-thaw tests under accurate temperature conditions, in step three, S32, the temperature range of the high-temperature or low-temperature constant-temperature cold bath is between-20 ℃ and 80 ℃, and the control precision is +/-0.1 ℃.
In order to perform the freeze-thaw test under the condition of the set load pressure, in the seepage or freeze-thaw process in the third step, the air pressure source is used to provide constant air pressure to the plurality of servo air cylinders 12, so that the piston rods of the plurality of servo air cylinders 12 synchronously extend outwards, and a vertical load with the set pressure is applied to the solid water permeable cushion block 10 on the upper side.
In order to provide a plurality of different freezing and thawing conditions, the warm and cold plates 8 at the upper end of the sample and the warm and cold plates 6 at the lower end of the sample provide the same or different temperature environments required in the seepage or freezing and thawing process in the third step.
In the invention, in the microbial solidification process, the servo cylinders are utilized to apply vertical load to the samples, so that the samples with specific density can be conveniently prepared, the preparation requirements of the samples with different densities can be met, and the seepage and freeze-thaw tests of the samples with different densities can be conveniently realized; the lower end fluid pipeline, the second drainage pipeline and the lower communicating pipe network are used for injecting microbial liquid into the sample in the sample cavity, and meanwhile, the upper communicating pipe network, the first drainage pipeline and the upper end fluid pipeline are used for injecting redundant microbial liquid, so that the microbial solidified sample with uniform specification and standard sample quality can be conveniently and quickly prepared; in the seepage process, on one hand, water can be injected into the sample by using the upper end fluid pipeline, the first drainage pipeline and the upper communication pipe network of the sample, and simultaneously, the collection of seepage water is carried out by using the lower communication pipe network, the second drainage pipeline and the lower end fluid pipeline, so that the top-down seepage test can be realized; on the other hand, a fluid pipeline at the lower end of the sample, a second drainage pipeline and a lower communication pipe network can be used for injecting water into the sample, and meanwhile, an upper communication pipe network, a first drainage pipeline and an upper end fluid pipeline are used for collecting seepage water, so that a seepage test from bottom to top can be realized, and the seepage test under different conditions can be conveniently realized; the first control valve and the second control valve are opened or closed in the freezing and thawing process, so that the water supply condition in the freezing and thawing cycle action process of the microbial solidified sample can be conveniently controlled, and the freezing and thawing cycle action of the microbial solidified sample under the open and closed system conditions can be further realized respectively. The test method provided by the invention has simple operation steps, good economic benefits and high use value, can be used for quickly and conveniently preparing a batch of microorganism curing samples with uniform forms, can also be used for performing permeation experiments on the curing samples under different experimental conditions, can also be used for conveniently realizing freeze-thaw experiments under different conditions, provides a reliable technical means for developing the research on the microorganism curing samples under complex environments, and provides reference and basis for the performance of the microorganism curing samples under complex environments by test data.
Claims (9)
1. A seepage-freeze thawing circulation microorganism solidified sample preparation device comprises a stress loading frame, a freeze thawing module, a sample cavity (9), a pressure sensing cushion block (11) and a seepage module; it is characterized in that;
the stress loading frame consists of a bottom plate (5), a top plate (3), a connecting rod (5) and a servo cylinder (12); the bottom plate (5) is horizontally arranged at the bottom, the top plate (3) is horizontally arranged above the bottom plate (5), and the left part and the right part of the top plate are respectively provided with a first through hole and a second through hole; the connecting rods (5) are circumferentially arranged between the top plate (3) and the bottom plate (5) in a surrounding manner, and the upper end and the lower end of each connecting rod are respectively fixedly connected with the top plate (3) and the bottom plate (5); a plurality of servo cylinders (12) are arranged at the lower part of the top plate (3) in a display manner, and cylinder bases of the servo cylinders are fixedly connected with the top plate (3);
the freeze thawing module is composed of a sample lower end warm and cold plate (6), a sample middle end assembly (7) and a sample upper end warm and cold plate (8), the sample lower end warm and cold plate (6) is installed at the upper end of the bottom plate (5) and is connected with the high-low temperature constant temperature cold bath, a plurality of lower bearing grooves are formed in the positions, corresponding to the servo cylinders (12), of the upper portion of the sample lower end warm and cold plate, the sample middle end assembly (7) is installed on the upper portion of the sample lower end warm and cold plate (6), and a plurality of middle bearing cavities penetrating through the height direction are formed in the positions, corresponding to the lower bearing grooves, of the middle portion of the sample middle end assembly; the sample upper end warm-cold plate (8) is arranged at the upper end of the sample middle end assembly (7) and is connected with the high-low temperature constant-temperature cold bath, and a plurality of upper through holes penetrating in the height direction are formed in the lower part of the sample upper end warm-cold plate at positions corresponding to the plurality of bearing cavities; the corresponding upper through hole, the middle bearing cavity and the lower bearing groove form a sample accommodating space;
the sample cavities (9) are correspondingly arranged at the lower parts of the sample accommodating spaces one by one, solid water permeable cushion blocks (10) are respectively arranged in the upper space and the lower space of the sample cavities (9), and samples (13) are filled in the middle spaces of the sample cavities;
the pressure sensing cushion blocks (11) and the sample accommodating spaces are arranged in a one-to-one corresponding mode and are arranged at the upper end of the sample cavity (9) in a one-to-one corresponding mode;
the seepage module consists of an upper sample communicating pipe network (16), an upper end fluid pipeline (1), a lower communicating pipe network (17) and a lower sample end fluid pipeline (2), wherein the upper communicating pipe network (16) is buried in a warm and cold plate (8) at the upper end of a sample, the liquid outlet ends of a plurality of branch pipelines are sequentially positioned at the edge of an upper through hole, the upper sample end fluid pipeline (1) is vertically arranged at the left part above the top plate (3), the bottom of the upper sample end fluid pipeline is connected with a first liquid discharge pipeline (14) communicated with the inner cavity of the upper sample end fluid pipeline, and the first liquid discharge pipeline penetrates through the first through hole to be connected with the liquid inlet end of the upper communicating pipe network (16); the lower communicating pipe network (17) is buried in the warm and cold plate (6) at the lower end of the sample, branch pipelines of the lower communicating pipe network sequentially penetrate through the lower space of the sample cavities (9), a plurality of water outlet holes are formed in the positions of the bottoms of the lower solid water permeable cushion blocks (10), the fluid pipeline (2) at the lower end of the sample is vertically arranged on the right portion above the top plate (3), the bottom of the fluid pipeline is connected with a second liquid drainage pipeline (15) communicated with an inner cavity of the fluid pipeline, and the second liquid drainage pipeline (15) penetrates through a second through hole to be connected with the liquid inlet end of the lower communicating pipe network (17).
2. The apparatus for preparing a microorganism-solidified sample by percolation-freeze-thaw cycle according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of servo cylinders (12) are connected to a pressure source through a high pressure line.
3. A microorganism solidified sample preparation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the upper fluid pipeline (1) and the lower fluid pipeline (2) are identical in size and position and are provided with scales.
4. A percolation-freeze-thaw cycling action microbial solidified sample preparation device according to claim 3, wherein the sample receiving space and the sample cavity (9) are cylindrical or cubic.
5. A seepage-freeze thawing cycle microorganism solidified sample preparation device according to claim 4, wherein the first drainage pipeline (14) and the second drainage pipeline (15) are respectively connected with a first control valve and a second control valve.
6. A seepage-freeze thawing cycle microorganism solidified sample test method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: filling an initial sample;
s11: a warm-cold plate (6) at the lower end of the sample, a middle-end assembly (7) of the sample and a warm-cold plate (8) at the upper end of the sample are sequentially assembled on the upper part of the bottom plate (5) from bottom to top, and an upper through hole, a middle bearing cavity and a lower bearing groove are longitudinally aligned to form a sample accommodating space;
s12: a sample cavity (9) is arranged in each sample accommodating space, and a solid water permeable cushion block (10) on the lower side, a sample (13) and a solid water permeable cushion block (10) on the upper side are sequentially assembled from bottom to top;
s13: a pressure sensing cushion block (11) is arranged above each sample cavity (9), and the pressure sensing cushion block (11) is attached to the upper end of a solid water-permeable cushion block (10) arranged on the upper side;
s14: a plurality of servo cylinders (12) are arranged on the top plate (3) corresponding to a plurality of sample cavities (9), and the top plate (3) is supported above a warm and cold plate (8) at the upper end of a sample through a connecting rod (5);
s15: providing constant air pressure to the servo cylinders (12) by using an air pressure source, synchronously extending piston rods of the servo cylinders (12) outwards, and applying a vertical load to the solid water permeable cushion block (10) on the upper side to press the sample (13) into a sample (13) with a specific density;
step two: microbial immobilization;
s21: keeping the air pressure of the servo air cylinder (12) constant in the microbial curing process, so that the sample (13) is subjected to constant vertical load;
s22: filling the fluid pipeline (2) at the lower end with microbial liquid, opening a second control valve on a second liquid discharge pipeline (15) and a first control valve on a first liquid discharge pipeline (14), and injecting the microbial liquid to the bottoms of the plurality of sample cavities (9) through the second liquid discharge pipeline (15) and a lower communication pipe network (17) in sequence; in the continuous injection process, redundant microbial liquid is introduced into the upper end fluid pipeline (1) by utilizing an upper communication pipe network (16) and a first liquid discharge pipeline (14); standing for a set time to allow the microbial liquid injected into the sample (13) to generate a microbial solidification effect;
s23: repeating S22 until the desired microbial immobilization requirement is achieved;
step three: after the microorganism solidification is finished, carrying out seepage or freeze-thaw cycling;
s31: seepage action: when a seepage test needs to be carried out from top to bottom, a first control valve and a second control valve are respectively opened, a water supply pipeline is connected with the upper end of a fluid pipeline (1) at the upper end of a sample, water with set pressure is supplied within set time, water is injected into a solid water-permeable cushion block (10) at the upper side in each sample cavity (9) through a first liquid discharge pipeline (14) and an upper communication pipe network (16), the connection between the water supply pipeline and the upper end of the fluid pipeline (1) at the upper end of the sample is disconnected after the water injection time is up, in the process, water which flows out from top to bottom is collected through a second liquid discharge pipeline (15) and a lower communication pipe network (17), seepage effect is carried out for multiple times, and seepage hydraulic gradient is obtained through a formula (1);
when a seepage test needs to be carried out from bottom to top, a first control valve and a second control valve are respectively opened, a water supply pipeline is connected with the upper end of a lower end fluid pipeline (2), water with set pressure is supplied within set time, water is injected into a solid water permeable cushion block (10) on the lower side in each sample cavity (9) through a second liquid discharge pipeline (15) and a lower communication pipe network (17), the connection between the water supply pipeline and the upper end of the lower end fluid pipeline (2) of the sample is disconnected after the water injection time is up, in the process, water seeping from bottom to top is collected through a first liquid discharge pipeline (14) and an upper communication pipe network (16), seepage effect is carried out for multiple times, and seepage hydraulic gradient is obtained through a formula (1);
i seepage ＝ΔH/h (1)；
in the formula, delta H is the height of free liquid level of fluid in the fluid pipeline (1) at the upper end of the sample and the fluid pipeline (2) at the lower end of the sample, and H is the height of a solidified sample;
s32: freeze-thaw cycling action: opening the first control valve and the second control valve to communicate the sample (13) with the outside, and performing a freeze-thaw cycle test of the microorganism solidified sample under the open system condition; firstly, respectively providing temperature environments required for freezing for a warm and cold plate (8) at the upper end of a sample and a warm and cold plate (6) at the lower end of the sample by using a low-temperature constant-temperature cold bath to gradually freeze a solidified sample, wherein the solidified sample reaches a frozen state after the freezing reaches a set time; after freezing operation, respectively providing temperature environments required for melting to a warm and cold plate (8) at the upper end of the sample and a warm and cold plate (6) at the lower end of the sample by using a high-temperature constant-temperature cold bath so as to gradually melt the solidified sample, wherein the solidified sample reaches a melting state after the melting reaches a set time; performing circulating freeze thawing operation for multiple times; in the process, a freeze-thaw temperature gradient is obtained through a formula (2);
closing the first control valve and the second control valve to completely isolate the sample (13) from the outside, and performing a freeze-thaw cycle test of the microorganism solidified sample under the condition of a closed system; firstly, respectively providing temperature environments required for freezing for a warm and cold plate (8) at the upper end of a sample and a warm and cold plate (6) at the lower end of the sample by using a low-temperature constant-temperature cold bath to gradually freeze a solidified sample, wherein the solidified sample reaches a frozen state after the freezing reaches a set time; after freezing operation, respectively providing temperature environments required for melting to a warm and cold plate (8) at the upper end of the sample and a warm and cold plate (6) at the lower end of the sample by using a high-temperature constant-temperature cold bath so as to gradually melt the solidified sample, wherein the solidified sample reaches a melting state after the melting reaches a set time; performing circulating freeze thawing operation for multiple times; in the process, a freeze-thaw temperature gradient is obtained through a formula (2);
i freeze-thaw ＝ΔT/h (2)；
in the formula, delta T is the absolute value of the temperature difference between the warm and cold plate (8) at the upper end of the sample and the warm and cold plate (6) at the lower end of the sample;
step four: and taking out the sample (13) subjected to seepage or freeze-thaw action, and then carrying out direct shearing and triaxial shearing physical and mechanical property index tests to evaluate the influence of the freeze-thaw action and the seepage action on the long-term performance of the microorganism solidified sample.
7. The method for testing the solidified microbe sample by seepage-freeze thawing cycle of claim 6, wherein the temperature of the high-low temperature constant-temperature cold bath is in the range of-20 ℃ to 80 ℃ and the control precision is ± 0.1 ℃ in S32 of the third step.
8. The method for testing the microorganism solidified sample by seepage-freeze thawing cycle according to claim 7, wherein in the seepage or freeze thawing process in the third step, a constant air pressure is provided to the plurality of servo air cylinders (12) by an air pressure source, so that the piston rods of the plurality of servo air cylinders (12) synchronously extend outwards, and a vertical load with a set pressure is applied to the solid water permeable cushion block (10) on the upper side.
9. A method for testing microorganism-solidified samples by percolation-freeze-thaw cycling according to claim 8, wherein the temperature environment required for providing the warm and cold plates (8, 6) at the upper end and the lower end of the sample during percolation or freeze-thaw in the third step is the same or different.
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