CN114894247B - Performance testing device and testing method for oil baffle disc in gear box - Google Patents
Performance testing device and testing method for oil baffle disc in gear box Download PDFInfo
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- CN114894247B CN114894247B CN202210419416.1A CN202210419416A CN114894247B CN 114894247 B CN114894247 B CN 114894247B CN 202210419416 A CN202210419416 A CN 202210419416A CN 114894247 B CN114894247 B CN 114894247B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
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Abstract
The invention discloses a performance testing device and a performance testing method for an oil baffle disc in a gear box, and the performance testing device comprises a light source, a camera, a motor, a torque sensor, a testing box body, a split oil baffle disc and a fixing support thereof, wherein the split oil baffle disc consists of a front cover, a rear cover and side covers, when the influence of different side cover diameters on the oil stirring loss of a gear is tested, the complete oil baffle disc is prevented from being replaced, the side covers can be replaced independently, when the influence of different distances between the oil baffle disc and the end surface of the gear on the oil stirring loss of the gear is tested, only a limiting nut of the oil baffle disc needs to be moved, the oil baffle disc is moved axially, and the camera and the light source are arranged around the testing box body, so that a three-dimensional transient speed field in the box body under different oil baffle disc design parameters can be obtained. The invention has simple structure, and can realize the rapid detection of the efficiency of reducing the gear oil stirring loss when the viscosity of different oil is reduced by using a small amount of oil baffle disc test samples by utilizing the split oil baffle disc, the oil baffle disc fixing bracket and the PIV system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical design and experimental methods, in particular to a device and a method for testing the performance of an oil baffle disc in a gear box.
Background
The gear is the most important transmission part in a mechanical transmission mechanism, and the performance of the gear has important influence on the performance and stability of the whole system. To improve the efficiency of the transmission system, many high power transmission systems incorporate a windage tray structure around the gears. The effect efficiency of the oil baffle disc on reducing the oil stirring loss caused by the oil stirring of the gear in the gear rotating process is the problem of increasing the efficiency of a transmission system not to be neglected. At present, the device specially used for testing the gear oil stirring loss under the action of the oil retaining discs with different structure sizes is few, the device does not have universality, an independent testing disc is often required to be customized during the test of the oil retaining discs with different design parameters, and the gear oil retaining disc testing work under a large number of different design parameters is difficult to be completed through a small number of testing oil retaining discs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a device and a method for testing the performance of an oil baffle disc in a gearbox.
A performance testing device for an oil baffle disc in a gear box comprises a split oil baffle disc, wherein the split oil baffle disc is fixedly arranged in a testing box body through an oil baffle disc fixing support, a fixed motor is arranged outside the testing box body, an output shaft of the motor is connected with a torque sensor for collecting main shaft torque through a coupler, the torque sensor is connected with a main shaft through the coupler, the main shaft is used for mounting a gear to be tested, the main shaft penetrates through the end part of the testing box body and is arranged in the testing box body, the output shaft of the motor, the main shaft, the torque sensor and the split oil baffle disc are coaxial, the main shaft is hermetically connected with the testing box body, a PIV light source is arranged on the side face of the testing box body, a PIV camera is arranged right in front of the testing box body and is arranged on a PIV system bearing table, and the PIV light source, the PIV camera and a transient measurement system PIV of a three-dimensional velocity field formed by the PIV system bearing table;
the testing box body is formed by overlapping a gear box front cover, a gear box left cover, a gear box upper cover, a gear box rear cover, a gear box right cover and a gear box base, the gear box upper cover is provided with an oil inlet hole, an oil inlet hole sealing nut is arranged on the oil inlet hole, the gear box left cover is provided with an oil outlet hole, an oil outlet sealing nut is arranged on the oil outlet hole, the gear box rear cover is provided with a main shaft through hole, and a main shaft penetrates through the main shaft through hole and is sealed with the gear to be tested through an oil seal device; the gear box front cover, the gear box left cover, the gear box upper cover and the gear box right cover are made of a fully transparent material;
the split oil baffle disc is formed by overlapping an oil baffle disc front cover, an oil baffle disc rear cover, an oil baffle disc side cover and oil baffle disc clamping bolts, the oil baffle disc front cover and the oil baffle disc rear cover are fixed on an oil baffle disc fixing support through 8 oil baffle disc limiting nuts and two oil baffle disc limiting bolts, the positions of the oil baffle disc front cover and the oil baffle disc rear cover on the oil baffle disc limiting bolts can be adjusted through the oil baffle disc limiting nuts, and the oil baffle disc front cover, the oil baffle disc rear cover and the oil baffle disc side cover are made of full transparent materials;
a PIV system is arranged around the specific test box, a sheet-shaped light beam emitted by a PIV light source can illuminate the trace particles in the oil liquid, and a PIV camera can record the positions of the illuminated trace particles;
the motor is a servo motor;
coaxial annular limiting grooves in one-to-one correspondence are uniformly formed in the opposite surfaces of the front cover and the rear cover of the oil baffle disc, and the limiting grooves are used for mounting oil baffle disc side covers with different diameters;
specifically, according to the diameter of the tested gear, replacing an oil baffle disc side cover with the corresponding diameter;
a heater is laid on the base of the gear box;
particularly, when the temperature of a test environment is too low, the test is properly heated to ensure that the test work is smoothly carried out, and the viscosity of lubricating oil in the box body is adjusted by the heater because the viscosity of the lubricating oil can obviously change along with the temperature;
the main shaft is also provided with a bearing;
the motor is fixed on the base through a motor fixing frame, the base of the test box body is directly fixed on the base, the torque sensor is fixed on the base through a torque sensor fixing frame, and the bearing is fixed on the base through a bearing support fixing frame.
An optimized testing method for a gearbox gear oil baffle disc comprises the following steps:
s1: installing and debugging each testing device, injecting lubricating oil with proper volume into the box body through the oil inlet, injecting fluorescent powder into the box body to be tested, turning on a light source of the PIV system, and debugging the PIV system to enable the PIV system to work normally;
s2: starting a motor, recording the reading of a torque sensor after the speed of a main shaft reaches a value to be measured and the data returned by the torque sensor is stable, stopping the motor from rotating, standing until the temperature of oil is reduced to room temperature, closing a PIV (particle image velocimetry) system, repeating the test steps for ten times on the same oil baffle disc test sample piece, and taking the average value of the recorded readings of the torque sensor as the friction resistance moment of the gear under the design parameter of the oil baffle disc;
s3: the lubricating oil in the box body is exhausted through the oil outlet, the motor is started, the reading of the torque sensor is recorded after the speed of the main shaft reaches a value to be measured and the data returned by the torque sensor is stable, the motor is stopped to rotate, the test steps are repeated for ten times for the same oil baffle disc test sample piece, the average value of the recorded reading of the torque sensor is taken as the friction resistance moment of the gear, the difference is made between the friction resistance moment of the gear under the action of the lubricating oil and the friction resistance moment of the gear without the action of the lubricating oil, and the difference is the oil stirring loss moment of the gear under the design parameters of the oil baffle disc;
s4: and (3) changing the side cover of the split oil retaining disc or moving the limit nut to change the axial distance between the oil retaining disc and the gear, and repeating the steps S1-S3 to analyze the influence of the oil retaining discs with different axial distances and radial distances on the gear oil stirring loss moment and the space three-dimensional transient speed field.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the gear oil baffle disc testing device, the fixing structure used for mounting the oil baffle disc to be tested is arranged in the testing box body, the oil baffle disc is axially moved within a certain range by adjusting the axial position of the oil baffle disc limiting nut on the oil baffle disc limiting bolt, and therefore the influence of different distances between the front end surface or the rear end surface of the oil baffle disc and the end surface of the gear on the oil stirring loss of the gear can be analyzed on the premise of not changing and increasing or replacing any parts. When the end face diameter of the oil baffle disc does not meet the size requirement of a gear to be tested, only the oil baffle disc side plate with a proper size needs to be replaced, the oil baffle disc testing device is simple in structure, the split oil baffle disc and the special fixing support can be used for rapidly detecting the oil stirring loss of the gear under the action of different oil baffle discs, the problem that the traditional integrated oil baffle disc is high in testing cost due to the fact that complete oil baffle disc sample pieces are customized again is solved, the testing efficiency in the parameter optimization process of the oil baffle disc is improved, the testing cost is reduced, the testing box except for the bottom plate and the back plate are made of transparent materials, the gear is made of a cantilever installation mode, and the view line shielding when the oil is observed from the right front of the box is avoided. The motion condition of lubricating oil in the box body under the action of the oil baffle disc with different design parameters can be completely captured by means of a high-speed camera in a low-speed state, and the transient measurement of a three-dimensional speed field in the inner space of the box body can be obtained by means of a Particle Image Velocimeter (PIV) in a high-speed state, so that conditions are provided for optimizing the size of the oil baffle disc and promoting lubrication. The gearbox box is formed by six plate members through the fix with screw, and simple structure has reduced the cost of processing when guaranteeing structural strength, and the bottom half has reserved the space of screw hole and processing for bigger oil baffle disc support is fixed, has improved the adaptability to super large-size oil baffle disc test. The oil heating equipment laid at the bottom of the box body can ensure that oil at the bottom of the box body is heated uniformly by the evenly distributed heating equipment, and the sensitivity of the equipment to the use environment is reduced by properly heating the oil, and meanwhile, the influence of the oil baffle disc on the gear oil stirring loss torque under different oil viscosities can be accurately evaluated. Lubricating oil in the box enters the oil baffle disc from a gap between the end face of the oil baffle disc to be tested and the gear rotating shaft, and the lubricating oil is gathered to a gap between the gear tooth face and the oil baffle disc through the gear end face and is ejected from an opening above the oil baffle disc under the dragging action of gear teeth. This split type oil baffle disc simple structure compares the front end housing with rear end cap shape the same with practical application's in the engineering oil baffle disc, has further reduced testing arrangement's cost. According to the optimized testing method for the oil baffle disc of the gearbox gear, the oil stirring loss moment of the gear can be obtained when the distance between the oil baffle disc and the gear is different in end face distance and radial distance by measuring the initial oil baffle disc and the friction loss moment after the stable parameter optimization oil baffle disc device, the effect of different oil baffle disc design parameters on the oil stirring loss of the gear is further tested, and the method is simple. The measurement of gear oil stirring loss torque under different lubricating oil infiltration depths can be realized, and the transient measurement of three-dimensional speed fields of spaces around the gear by the oil retaining disc under different design parameters can be realized. The oil stirring loss is separated from the total friction loss of the gear, and the measurement precision is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a testing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the test box in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a device for testing the performance of an oil baffle disc in a gearbox comprises a split oil baffle disc consisting of an oil baffle disc front cover 22, an oil baffle disc rear cover 25, an oil baffle disc side cover 27 and an oil baffle disc clamping bolt 21, and a test box body consisting of a gearbox front cover 3, a gearbox left cover 5, a gearbox upper cover 14, a gearbox rear cover 26, a gearbox right cover 29 and a gearbox base 19, except for the gearbox rear cover 26, the gearbox base 19 and the clamping bolt 21, the split oil baffle disc and other parts of the box body are made of transparent materials to ensure that a PIV system normally works, oil filling can be realized by disassembling an oil inlet hole sealing nut 16, oil discharging can be realized by disassembling an oil outlet sealing nut 4, a motor 11 is fixed on the outer side of the test box body, an output shaft of the motor 11 is connected with a spindle 13 for installing a gear 28, a torque sensor 9 is arranged on the output shaft of the motor 11 and used for collecting spindle torque, the spindle 13 is connected with the gearbox rear end cover 26 in a sealing manner, and a transient measurement system of a three-dimensional velocity field consisting of a PIV system bearing platform 2 is arranged around the gearbox;
specifically, the motor 11 adopts a servo motor with adjustable rotating speed, the rotating speed of the motor can be controlled through a specially designed control system, the testing of the gear oil stirring loss at the set rotating speed is realized, and the efficiency of the oil baffle disc on reducing the gear oil stirring loss is determined;
specifically, an output shaft of the motor 11 is fixedly connected with one end of the torque sensor 9 through a coupler 12; the lower end of the motor 11 is fixed with a motor fixing frame 10 for adjusting the installation position of the motor, the base of the test box body is directly fixed on the base 17, and the lower ends of the motor fixing frame 10, the torque sensor fixing frame 8 and the bearing support fixing frame 6 are all fixed on the base 17 for ensuring the stability of the test platform and facilitating the stable rotation of the gear driven by the main shaft in the test process;
the rear cover 26 of the gear box is provided with a main shaft through hole, the main shaft 13 passes through the main shaft through hole to be connected with the gear 28 to be tested, and the main shaft 13 and the rear cover 26 of the test box body are sealed through an oil seal device to prevent splashed oil in the test box body from leaking outside through the main shaft through hole;
a PIV system is arranged around the test box, a sheet-shaped light beam emitted by a PIV light source 15 can illuminate trace particles in oil, a three-dimensional transient speed field of fluid in the box body and the oil baffle disc can be captured through a certain image processing technology, and the action mechanism of the oil baffle disc for reducing the gear oil stirring resistance moment is further disclosed;
as shown in fig. 2, the split oil baffle disc is fixed on a gear box base 19 through an oil baffle disc fixing support 20, an oil baffle disc limiting bolt 23 and an oil baffle disc limiting nut 24, 8 oil baffle disc limiting nuts 24 firmly fix an oil baffle disc front cover 22 and an oil baffle disc rear cover 25, and meanwhile, 8 limiting nuts are moved to realize axial movement of the split oil baffle disc so as to analyze the influence of the asymmetrical spacing between the oil baffle disc and a gear on the gear oil stirring resistance moment, and the influence of the distance from the oil baffle disc side cover to the tooth top to the gear oil stirring resistance moment can be analyzed only by independently replacing oil baffle disc side covers 27 with different sizes, so that oil baffle disc test sample pieces with different parameter designs are frequently processed in the test process;
the heater 18 is laid on the gear box base 19, when the test environment temperature is too low, proper heating is carried out to ensure that the test work is carried out smoothly, and because the viscosity of lubricating oil can change obviously along with the temperature, the heater 18 is used for adjusting the viscosity of lubricating oil in the box body so as to evaluate the influence of the split oil baffle disc on the oil stirring resistance moment of the gear under different viscosities and evaluate the three-dimensional transient speed field of the internal flow field of the oil baffle disc under different viscosities.
The optimized testing method for the gearbox gear oil baffle disc based on the device comprises the following steps:
s1: installing and debugging each testing device, injecting lubricating oil with proper volume into the box body through the oil inlet, injecting fluorescent powder into the box body to be tested, turning on a light source of the PIV system, and debugging the PIV system to enable the PIV system to work normally;
s2: starting the motor 11, recording the reading of the torque sensor 9 after the speed of the main shaft 13 reaches a value to be measured and the data returned by the torque sensor 9 is stable, stopping the motor 11 from rotating, standing until the temperature of oil is reduced to room temperature, closing the PIV system, repeating the test steps for ten times on the same oil baffle disc test sample piece, and taking the average value of the recorded readings of the torque sensor 9 as the friction resistance moment of the gear under the design parameter of the oil baffle disc;
s3: the lubricating oil in the box body is exhausted through the oil outlet, the motor 11 is started, the reading of the torque sensor 9 is recorded after the speed of the main shaft 13 reaches a value to be measured and the data returned by the torque sensor 9 is stable, the motor 11 stops rotating, the test steps are repeated for ten times for the same oil baffle disc test sample piece, the average value of the recorded readings of the torque sensor 9 is taken as the friction resistance moment of the gear, the difference is made between the friction resistance moment of the gear under the action of the lubricating oil and the friction resistance moment of the gear without the action of the lubricating oil, and the oil stirring loss moment of the gear under the design parameters of the oil baffle disc is obtained;
s4: and (3) changing the side cover of the split oil retaining disc or moving the limit nut to change the axial distance between the oil retaining disc and the gear, and repeating the steps S1-S3 to analyze the influence of the oil retaining discs with different axial distances and radial distances on the gear oil stirring loss moment and the space three-dimensional transient speed field.
The invention discloses a testing device and a testing method for a gear box oil baffle disc, which are used for measuring the oil stirring moment of a gear so as to evaluate the performance of the oil baffle disc. The oil stirring resistance torque loss is separated from the total friction loss of the gear, and accurate measurement is carried out; the split oil baffle disc can realize the evaluation of the gear oil stirring loss under a plurality of design parameters. The manufacturing cost is saved, and the test period is shortened; the efficiency of the oil baffle disc for reducing the gear oil stirring resistance moment under the condition of lubricating oil at different temperatures can be accurately obtained.
The above examples are only illustrative of the concept and usage of the present invention, and are intended to enable persons skilled in the art to understand the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention. All the changes and modifications of the embodiments based on the concept of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A performance test method for an oil baffle disc inside a gear box is characterized by comprising the following steps: the device comprises a split oil baffle disc, the split oil baffle disc is fixedly arranged in a test box body through an oil baffle disc fixing support (20), a fixed motor (11) is arranged on the outer side of the test box body, an output shaft of the motor (11) is connected with a torque sensor (9) for collecting main shaft torque through a coupler (12), the torque sensor (9) is connected with a main shaft (13) through the coupler (12), the main shaft (13) is used for mounting a gear (28) to be tested, the main shaft (13) penetrates through the end part of the test box body and is arranged in the test box body, the output shaft of the motor (11), the main shaft (13), the torque sensor (9) and the split oil baffle disc are coaxial, the main shaft (13) is hermetically connected with the test box body, a PIV light source (15) is arranged on the side face of the test box body, a PIV camera (1) is arranged right in front of the test box body, the PIV camera (1) is arranged on a PIV system bearing table (2), and a transient measurement system (PIV) of a three-dimensional velocity field (PIV) formed by the PIV light source (15), the PIV system bearing table (2);
the testing box body is formed by overlapping a gear box front cover (3), a gear box left cover (5), a gear box upper cover (14), a gear box rear cover (26), a gear box right cover (29) and a gear box base (19), the gear box upper cover (14) is provided with an oil inlet hole, an oil inlet hole sealing nut (16) is arranged on the oil inlet hole, the gear box left cover (5) is provided with an oil outlet hole, an oil outlet sealing nut (4) is arranged on the oil outlet hole, a main shaft through hole is formed in the gear box rear cover (26), and a main shaft (13) penetrates through the main shaft through hole to be fixedly connected with a gear (28) to be tested, and the main shaft (13) and the gear box rear cover (26) are sealed through an oil seal device; the gearbox front cover (3), the gearbox left cover (5), the gearbox upper cover (14) and the gearbox right cover (29) are made of full transparent materials;
the split oil baffle disc is formed by overlapping an oil baffle disc front cover (22), an oil baffle disc rear cover (25), oil baffle disc side covers (27) and oil baffle disc clamping bolts (21), the oil baffle disc front cover (22) and the oil baffle disc rear cover (25) are fixed on an oil baffle disc fixing support (20) through 8 oil baffle disc limiting nuts (24) and two oil baffle disc limiting bolts (23), the positions of the oil baffle disc front cover (22) and the oil baffle disc rear cover (25) on the oil baffle disc limiting bolts (23) can be adjusted through the oil baffle disc limiting nuts (24), and the oil baffle disc front cover (22), the oil baffle disc rear cover (25) and the oil baffle disc side covers (27) are made of full transparent materials;
the motor (11) is a servo motor;
coaxial annular limiting grooves which correspond to one another are uniformly formed in the opposite surfaces of the oil baffle disc front cover (22) and the oil baffle disc rear cover (25), and the limiting grooves are used for mounting oil baffle disc side covers (27) with different diameters;
a heater (18) is paved on the gear box base (19);
the main shaft (13) is also provided with a bearing (7);
the motor (11) is fixed on the base (17) through a motor fixing frame (10), the base of the test box body is directly fixed on the base (17), the torque sensor (9) is fixed on the base (17) through a torque sensor fixing frame (8), and the bearing (7) is fixed on the base (17) through a bearing support fixing frame (6);
the method comprises the following steps:
s1: installing and debugging each testing device, injecting lubricating oil with proper volume into the box body through the oil inlet hole, injecting fluorescent powder into the box body to be tested, turning on a light source of the PIV system, and debugging the PIV system to enable the PIV system to work normally;
s2: starting the motor (11), recording the reading of the torque sensor (9) after the speed of the main shaft (13) reaches a value to be measured and the data returned by the torque sensor (9) is stable, stopping the motor (11) from rotating, standing until the temperature of oil is reduced to room temperature, closing the PIV system, repeating the test steps for ten times on the same oil baffle disc test sample piece, and taking the average value of the recorded readings of the torque sensor (9) as the friction resistance moment of the gear under the design parameter of the oil baffle disc;
s3: completely discharging the lubricating oil in the box body through the oil outlet, starting the motor (11), recording the reading of the torque sensor (9) after the speed of the main shaft (13) reaches a value to be measured and the data returned by the torque sensor (9) is stable, stopping the motor (11) from rotating, repeating the test steps for ten times on the same oil baffle disc test sample piece, averaging the recorded reading of the torque sensor (9) to be used as the friction resistance moment of the gear, and subtracting the friction resistance moment of the gear under the action of the lubricating oil from the friction resistance moment of the gear without the action of the lubricating oil to obtain the oil stirring loss moment of the gear under the design parameters of the oil baffle disc;
s4: and (3) changing the side cover of the split oil retaining disc or moving the limit nut to change the axial distance between the oil retaining disc and the gear, and repeating the steps S1-S3 to analyze the influence of the oil retaining discs with different axial distances and radial distances on the gear oil stirring loss moment and the space three-dimensional transient speed field.
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| CN202210419416.1A CN114894247B (en) | 2022-04-21 | 2022-04-21 | Performance testing device and testing method for oil baffle disc in gear box |
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