CN114892396B - 一种导电性能良好的导电布及其制作方法 - Google Patents
一种导电性能良好的导电布及其制作方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及纺织纤维技术领域,尤其涉及一种导电性能良好的导电布及其制作方法。该导电性能良好的导电布的制作方法,步骤1、预处理;步骤2、酸处理;步骤3、逐层组装;本发明制作的导电布制作方法简单、成本低,具有良好的导电性能、抗菌性能,且具有耐洗性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织纤维技术领域,尤其涉及一种导电性能良好的导电布及其制作方法。
背景技术
导电布是具有导电性能的布料,作为新型柔性材料,导电布不仅具有金属的导电性能,但仍需要保持普通植织物的特性的材料。导电布具有防电磁辐射能力,且使用性能好,易被缝制为防护服、屏蔽帽、面罩、屏蔽手套等防护用具,这种防护用具具有防护效果好、穿着舒适、轻便的效果,广泛应用于国防、航天、广播、电视、环保、科研、医疗等领域。
导电布的制备方法主要包括:(1)混纺,但是传统的纺织设备需要进行加工时需要采用特殊的措施,操作复杂;(2)在织物表面涂覆导电层,这种制备可折叠,但其耐洗性差;(3)将织物置于真空蒸镀,但金属镀层易脱落,产品性能下降快,使用寿命短;(4)真空喷镀、溅镀,采用这种方法的金属层松散、结合力差,导电性能不均匀;(5)浸渍涂层;上述方法存在结合力差、金属性能不足、灵活性差等缺陷,进一步限制了导电布的导电性能。同时织物往往是微生物生存的合适地方,传播疾病的重要来源,通过接触传播疾病并影响人类健康。因此,具有导电、抗菌作用的织物在工业、民用、军事等领域具有很大的应用潜力。
CN108914093A公开了一种导电布的制备方法及导电布,通该导电布制备方法的步骤为:首先选择退浆处理干净的基布;然后采用银活化液对基布进行催化处理;接着在经银活化液处理后基布表面进行化学沉铜,制得铜布;再在铜布表面进行电镀铜,加厚基布表面的铜层;最后在电镀酸铜后的铜布布表面电镀一镍层。本发明本发明的导电布制备工艺简单,设备简短、成本低、操作方便、能耗低、工业化实施方便,制得的导电布金属附着力优异,性能稳定,具有一定的抗菌、防污、耐磨、抗腐蚀能力,成本也得到了大幅降低。但是本发明制备的工艺复杂,成本高,且导电性能、抗菌性能有限。
发明内容
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种导电性能良好的导电布及其制作方法。
一种导电性能良好的导电布的制作方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、将织物置于丙酮中超声处理10-30min,其中超声功率为500-800W、超声频率为18-20kHz,去除油脂或杂质,取出、洗涤、干燥,得到预处理织物,所述织物与丙酮的浴比为1g:(10-20)mL;
步骤2、对步骤1得到的预处理织物浸入1-6wt%的硝酸中进行酸处理10-30min,取出、洗涤、干燥,得到酸处理织物,所述预处理织物与硝酸的浴比为1g:(10-20)mL;
步骤3、将1-3重量份步骤2得到的酸处理织物浸入80-120重量份水中,然后加入1-5重量份改性无机材料、0.5-3重量份不饱和基季铵盐、0.5-2重量份甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯中混合均匀,再加入0.1-1重量份N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺、0.1-0.6重量份引发剂、0.01-0.05重量份2-巯基丙醇,加热至80-100℃反应2-3h,反应结束后,取出织物、洗涤、干燥,得到导电性能良好的导电布。
进一步优选的,一种导电性能良好的导电布的制作方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、将织物置于丙酮中超声处理10-30min,其中超声功率为500-800W、超声频率为18-20kHz,去除油脂或杂质,取出、洗涤、干燥,得到预处理织物,所述织物与丙酮的浴比为1g:(10-20)mL;
步骤2、对步骤1得到的预处理织物浸入1-6wt%的硝酸中进行酸处理10-30min,取出、洗涤、干燥,得到酸处理织物,所述预处理织物与硝酸的浴比为1g:(10-20)mL;
步骤3、将1-3重量份步骤2得到的酸处理织物浸入80-120重量份水中,然后加入1-5重量份改性无机材料、0.5-3重量份不饱和基季铵盐、0.5-2重量份甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯中混合均匀,再加入0.1-1重量份N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺、0.1-0.6重量份引发剂、0.01-0.05重量份2-巯基丙醇,加热至80-100℃反应2-3h,反应结束后,取出织物、洗涤、干燥,得到改性织物;将1-3重量份改性织物、1-2重量份苯胺加入80-100重量份水中混合均匀,加热至80-100℃反应1-3h,反应结束后,将上述混合体系置于冰浴中,采用1-3mol/L盐酸调节pH至1-2,然后加入0.1-0.6重量份过硫酸铵混合均匀,在冰浴条件下反应20-30h,反应结束后,取出、洗涤、干燥,得到导电性能良好的导电布。
所述织物为涤纶织物。
所述引发剂为过硫酸铵、过硫酸钾、过氧化氢中的一种或两种以上混合物。
所述不饱和基季铵盐的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将0.5-1重量份甲基丙烯酸二甲氨乙酯、1.5-2重量份溴代癸烷加入10-20重量份乙腈中混合均匀,加热至40-50℃、以100-200r/min反应10-20h,反应结束后,冷冻结晶、洗涤、干燥,得到不饱和基季铵盐。
所述改性无机材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将0.5-2重量份无机材料加入10-15重量份0.5-1mol/L的改性剂水溶液中进行超声处理60-90min,然后静止10-20h,反应结束后,离心取沉淀、洗涤、干燥,得到改性纳米无机材料,其中超声功率为500-800W、超声频率为18-20kHz。
所述改性剂为衣康酸、丙烯酸中的一种或两种混合物。
所述无机材料为纳米银、碳纳米管中的一种或两种混合物。优选的,所述无机材料由纳米银、碳纳米管按照质量比(1-3):(1-3)混合而成。
导电布的制备方法主要包括:(1)混纺;(2)在织物表面涂覆导电层;(3)真空蒸镀;(4)真空喷镀、溅镀;(5)浸渍涂层等方法;上述方法存在结合力差、金属性能不足、灵活性差等缺陷,进一步限制了导电布的导电性能。同时织物往往是微生物生存的合适地方,传播疾病的重要来源,通过接触传播疾病并影响人类健康。因此,具有导电、抗菌作用的织物在工业、民用、军事等领域具有很大的应用潜力。上述方法存在结合力差、金属性能不足、灵活性差等缺陷,进一步限制了导电布的导电性能。同时织物往往是微生物生存的合适地方,传播疾病的重要来源,通过接触传播疾病并影响人类健康。因此,具有导电、抗菌作用的织物在工业、民用、军事等领域具有很大的应用潜力。
本发明采用简单的化学法进行操作,操作简单、无需用电,本发明采用硝酸对织物进行处理,在去除表面杂质的同时为织物提供大量的活性位点,有利于改性无机材料、不饱和季铵盐、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺单体在引发剂作用下接枝在织物上,改善纳米银、碳纳米管的分散、团聚问题,同时将纳米银、碳纳米管更有力的结合在织物及其三维网络中,改善织物的导电性能,使得织物的导电性能均匀,且增加织物的抗菌性能;在上述技术上,采用逐层组装的方法,将苯胺单体在过硫酸铵的作用下,将聚苯胺导电聚合物通过共价键或者静电作用力逐层组装在织物上,建立多层结构,这种结构的形成可导致更多的电磁波进行反射、吸收,提高电磁屏蔽性能;本发明中采用衣康酸对纳米银、碳纳米管进行改性制备改性无机材料,且纳米银、碳纳米管协同作用在织物表面形成完整的导电网络,进而改善织物的导电性能,且改善抗菌性能,其中碳纳米管为中空管状结构,导致其形成各向异性,纳米银与碳纳米管协同作用,在织物表面构建完整的导电网络。
本发明中引入含有长烷基链的不饱和基季铵盐可穿透和破坏细菌细胞;纳米银中银与蛋白酶中的巯基结合,使蛋白酶丧失灭活,导致细菌等病菌死亡;碳纳米管上存在的活性基团可增加其与细菌的粘附性,通过破坏DNA、蛋白质的方式,进行灭菌;本发明中采用含有长烷基链的不饱和基季铵盐与纳米银、碳纳米管相互作用,采用不同的抗菌方式进行灭菌,增加多种灭菌方式,增加抗菌强度、抗菌效果,同时延长持久抗菌性。
本发明的有益效果:
1、本发明采用硝酸对织物进行处理,在去除表面杂质的同时为织物提供大量的活性位点,有利于改性无机材料、不饱和季铵盐、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺单体在引发剂作用下接枝在织物上,改善纳米银、碳纳米管的分散、团聚问题,同时将纳米银、碳纳米管更有力的结合在织物及其三维网络中,改善织物的导电性能,使得织物的导电性能均匀,且增加织物的抗菌性能;在上述技术上,采用逐层组装的方法,将苯胺单体在过硫酸铵的作用下,将聚苯胺导电聚合物通过共价键或者静电作用力逐层组装在织物上,建立多层结构,这种结构的形成可导致更多的电磁波进行反射、吸收,提高电磁屏蔽性能。
2、本发明中采用衣康酸对纳米银、碳纳米管进行改性制备改性无机材料,且纳米银、碳纳米管协同作用在织物表面形成完整的导电网络,进而改善织物的导电性能,且改善抗菌性能,其中碳纳米管为中空管状结构,导致其形成各向异性,纳米银与碳纳米管协同作用,在织物表面构建完整的导电网络。
3、本发明制备的导电布制备方法简单、成本低,具有良好的导电性能、抗菌性能,且具有耐洗性。
具体实施方式
实施例中各物质的来源:
实施例中采用的织物为涤纶织物,涤丝纺190T,4×5根/mm,购买自浙江三元控股集团。
纳米银,型号:AGP-P025,购买自上海沪正纳米科技有限公司。
碳纳米管,产品编号:KFJZG6EZ,购买自毕佳索(上海毕得医药科技股份有限公司)。
实施例1
一种导电性能良好的导电布的制作方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、将织物置于丙酮中超声处理30min,其中超声功率为500W、超声频率为20kHz,去除油脂或杂质,取出、洗涤、干燥,得到预处理织物,所述织物与丙酮的浴比为1g:15mL;
步骤2、将2重量份步骤1得到的预处理织物浸入100重量份水中,然后加入3重量份无机材料、2重量份不饱和基季铵盐、1重量份甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯中混合均匀,再加入0.8重量份N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺、0.5重量份引发剂、0.05重量份2-巯基丙醇,加热至100℃反应3h,反应结束后,取出织物、洗涤、干燥,得到导电性能良好的导电布。
所述引发剂为过硫酸铵。
所述不饱和基季铵盐的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将0.8重量份甲基丙烯酸二甲氨乙酯、1.5重量份溴代癸烷加入10重量份乙腈中混合均匀,加热至50℃、以180r/min反应12h,反应结束后,冷冻结晶、洗涤、干燥,得到不饱和基季铵盐。
所述无机材料由纳米银、碳纳米管按照质量比1:2混合而成。
实施例2
一种导电性能良好的导电布的制作方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、将织物置于丙酮中超声处理30min,其中超声功率为500W、超声频率为20kHz,去除油脂或杂质,取出、洗涤、干燥,得到预处理织物,所述织物与丙酮的浴比为1g:15mL;
步骤2、对步骤1得到的预处理织物浸入5wt%的硝酸中进行酸处理20min,取出、洗涤、干燥,得到酸处理织物,所述预处理织物与硝酸的浴比为1g:15mL;
步骤3、将2重量份步骤2得到的酸处理织物浸入100重量份水中,然后加入3重量份改性无机材料、2重量份不饱和基季铵盐、1重量份甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯中混合均匀,再加入0.8重量份N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺、0.5重量份引发剂、0.05重量份2-巯基丙醇,加热至100℃反应3h,反应结束后,取出织物、洗涤、干燥,得到导电性能良好的导电布。
所述引发剂为过硫酸铵。
所述不饱和基季铵盐的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将0.8重量份甲基丙烯酸二甲氨乙酯、1.5重量份溴代癸烷加入10重量份乙腈中混合均匀,加热至50℃、以180r/min反应12h,反应结束后,冷冻结晶、洗涤、干燥,得到不饱和基季铵盐。
所述改性无机材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将1重量份无机材料加入10重量份0.5mol/L的改性剂水溶液中进行超声处理90min,然后静止12h,反应结束后,离心取沉淀、洗涤、干燥,得到改性纳米无机材料,其中超声功率为500W、超声频率为20kHz;所述改性剂为衣康酸。所述无机材料由纳米银、碳纳米管按照质量比1:2混合而成。
实施例3
一种导电性能良好的导电布的制作方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、将织物置于丙酮中超声处理30min,其中超声功率为500W、超声频率为20kHz,去除油脂或杂质,取出、洗涤、干燥,得到预处理织物,所述织物与丙酮的浴比为1g:15mL;
步骤2、对步骤1得到的预处理织物浸入5wt%的硝酸中进行酸处理20min,取出、洗涤、干燥,得到酸处理织物,所述预处理织物与硝酸的浴比为1g:15mL;
步骤3、将2重量份步骤2得到的酸处理织物、1.5重量份苯胺加入80重量份水中混合均匀,加热至80℃反应2h,反应结束后,将上述混合体系置于冰浴中,采用1mol/L盐酸调节pH至2,然后加入0.5重量份过硫酸铵混合均匀,在冰浴条件下反应24h,反应结束后,采用1000分子量的透析带透析24h,干燥,得到导电性能良好的导电布。
实施例4
一种导电性能良好的导电布的制作方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、将织物置于丙酮中超声处理30min,其中超声功率为500W、超声频率为20kHz,去除油脂、杂质,取出、洗涤、干燥,得到预处理织物,所述织物与丙酮的浴比为1g:15mL;
步骤2、对步骤1得到的预处理织物浸入5wt%的硝酸中进行酸处理20min,取出、洗涤、干燥,得到酸处理织物,所述预处理织物与硝酸的浴比为1g:15mL;
步骤3、将2重量份步骤2得到的酸处理织物浸入100重量份水中,然后加入3重量份改性无机材料、2重量份不饱和基季铵盐、1重量份甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯中混合均匀,再加入0.8重量份N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺、0.5重量份引发剂、0.05重量份2-巯基丙醇,加热至100℃反应3h,反应结束后,取出织物、洗涤、干燥,得到改性织物;将2重量份改性织物、1.5重量份苯胺加入80重量份水中混合均匀,加热至80℃反应2h,反应结束后,将上述混合体系置于冰浴中,采用1mol/L盐酸调节pH至2,然后加入0.5重量份过硫酸铵混合均匀,在冰浴条件下反应24h,反应结束后、洗涤、干燥,得到导电性能良好的导电布。
所述引发剂为过硫酸铵。
所述不饱和基季铵盐的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将0.8重量份甲基丙烯酸二甲氨乙酯、1.5重量份溴代癸烷加入10重量份乙腈中混合均匀,加热至50℃、以180r/min反应12h,反应结束后,冷冻结晶、洗涤、干燥,得到不饱和基季铵盐。
所述改性无机材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将1重量份无机材料加入10重量份0.5mol/L的改性剂水溶液中进行超声处理90min,然后静止12h,反应结束后,离心取沉淀、洗涤、干燥,得到改性纳米无机材料,其中超声功率为500W、超声频率为20kHz;所述改性剂为衣康酸。
所述无机材料由纳米银、碳纳米管按照质量比1:2混合而成。
实施例5
一种导电性能良好的导电布的制作方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、将织物置于丙酮中超声处理30min,其中超声功率为500W、超声频率为20kHz,去除油脂或杂质,取出、洗涤、干燥,得到预处理织物,所述织物与丙酮的浴比为1g:15mL;
步骤2、对步骤1得到的预处理织物浸入5wt%的硝酸中进行酸处理20min,取出、洗涤、干燥,得到酸处理织物,所述预处理织物与硝酸的浴比为1g:15mL;
步骤3、将2重量份步骤2得到的酸处理织物浸入100重量份水中,然后加入3重量份改性无机材料、2重量份不饱和基季铵盐、1重量份甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯中混合均匀,再加入0.8重量份N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺、0.5重量份引发剂、0.05重量份2-巯基丙醇,加热至100℃反应3h,反应结束后,取出织物、洗涤、干燥,得到改性织物;将2重量份改性织物、1.5重量份苯胺加入80重量份水中混合均匀,加热至80℃反应2h,反应结束后,将上述混合体系置于冰浴中,采用1mol/L盐酸调节pH至2,然后加入0.5重量份过硫酸铵混合均匀,在冰浴条件下反应24h,反应结束后,取出、洗涤、干燥,得到导电性能良好的导电布。
所述引发剂为过硫酸铵。
所述不饱和基季铵盐的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将0.8重量份甲基丙烯酸二甲氨乙酯、1.5重量份溴代癸烷加入10重量份乙腈中混合均匀,加热至50℃、以180r/min反应12h,反应结束后,冷冻结晶、洗涤、干燥,得到不饱和基季铵盐。
所述改性无机材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将1重量份无机材料加入10重量份0.5mol/L的改性剂水溶液中进行超声处理90min,然后静止12h,反应结束后,离心取沉淀、洗涤、干燥,得到改性纳米无机材料,其中超声功率为500W、超声频率为20kHz;所述改性剂为衣康酸。所述无机材料为纳米银。
实施例6
一种导电性能良好的导电布的制作方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、将织物置于丙酮中超声处理30min,其中超声功率为500W、超声频率为20kHz,去除油脂或杂质,取出、洗涤、干燥,得到预处理织物,所述织物与丙酮的浴比为1g:15mL;
步骤2、对步骤1得到的预处理织物浸入5wt%的硝酸中进行酸处理20min,取出、洗涤、干燥,得到酸处理织物,所述预处理织物与硝酸的浴比为1g:15mL;
步骤3、将2重量份步骤2得到的酸处理织物浸入100重量份水中,然后加入3重量份改性无机材料、2重量份不饱和基季铵盐、1重量份甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯中混合均匀,再加入0.8重量份N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺、0.5重量份引发剂、0.05重量份2-巯基丙醇,加热至100℃反应3h,反应结束后,取出织物、洗涤、干燥,得到改性织物;将2重量份改性织物、1.5重量份苯胺加入80重量份水中混合均匀,加热至80℃反应2h,反应结束后,将上述混合体系置于冰浴中,采用1mol/L盐酸调节pH至2,然后加入0.5重量份过硫酸铵混合均匀,在冰浴条件下反应24h,反应结束后,取出、洗涤、干燥,得到导电性能良好的导电布。
所述引发剂为过硫酸铵。
所述不饱和基季铵盐的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将0.8重量份甲基丙烯酸二甲氨乙酯、1.5重量份溴代癸烷加入10重量份乙腈中混合均匀,加热至50℃、以180r/min反应12h,反应结束后,冷冻结晶、洗涤、干燥,得到不饱和基季铵盐。
所述改性无机材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将1重量份无机材料加入10重量份0.5mol/L的改性剂水溶液中进行超声处理90min,然后静止12h,反应结束后,离心取沉淀、洗涤、干燥,得到改性纳米无机材料,其中超声功率为500W、超声频率为20kHz;所述改性剂为衣康酸。所述无机材料为碳纳米管。
实施例7
一种导电性能良好的导电布的制作方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、将织物置于丙酮中超声处理30min,其中超声功率为500W、超声频率为20kHz,去除油脂或杂质,取出、洗涤、干燥,得到预处理织物,所述织物与丙酮的浴比为1g:15mL;
步骤2、对步骤1得到的预处理织物浸入5wt%的硝酸中进行酸处理20min,取出、洗涤、干燥,得到酸处理织物,所述预处理织物与硝酸的浴比为1g:15mL;
步骤3、将2重量份步骤2得到的酸处理织物浸入100重量份水中,然后加入3重量份无机材料、2重量份不饱和基季铵盐、1重量份甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯中混合均匀,再加入0.8重量份N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺、0.5重量份引发剂、0.05重量份2-巯基丙醇,加热至100℃反应2-3h,反应结束后,取出织物、洗涤、干燥,得到导电性能良好的导电布。
所述引发剂为过硫酸铵。
所述不饱和基季铵盐的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将0.8重量份甲基丙烯酸二甲氨乙酯、1.5重量份溴代癸烷加入10重量份乙腈中混合均匀,加热至50℃、以180r/min反应12h,反应结束后,冷冻结晶、洗涤、干燥,得到不饱和基季铵盐。
所述无机材料由纳米银、碳纳米管按照质量比1:2混合而成。
测试例1
电磁屏蔽性能测试:导电织物的方阻直接反映织物导电性能的参数,方阻值越小,导电性能越好。方块电阻采用四探针测试仪进行测试。
表1导电布的导电性能测试结果
通过实施例1-2、实施例7进行对比发现,采用硝酸对织物进行处理,在去除表面杂质的同时为织物提供大量的活性位点,有利于改性无机材料、不饱和季铵盐、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺单体在引发剂作用下接枝在织物上,改善纳米银、碳纳米管的分散、团聚问题,同时将纳米银、碳纳米管更有力的结合在织物及其三维网络中,改善织物的导电性能,使得织物的导电性能均匀,且增加织物的抗菌性能。
通过实施例2-4进行对比发现,采用采用逐层组装的方法,将苯胺单体在过硫酸铵的作用下,将聚苯胺导电聚合物通过共价键或者静电作用力逐层组装在织物上,建立多层结构,这种结构的形成可导致更多的电磁波进行反射、吸收,提高电磁屏蔽性能,进而改善导电性能。
通过实施例4-5进行对比发现,采用衣康酸对纳米银、碳纳米管进行改性制备改性无机材料,且纳米银、碳纳米管协同作用在织物表面形成完整的导电网络,进而改善织物的导电性能,且改善抗菌性能,其中碳纳米管为中空管状结构,导致其形成各向异性,纳米银与碳纳米管协同作用,在织物表面构建完整的导电网络,进而改善导电性能。
测试例2
搓揉试验对导电布导电性能的影响:
按照测试例1的方法对各实施例制备的导电布进行方块电阻测试,然后对石墨烯导电布进行搓揉试验,方法为使用另一块洁净布料在导电布表面以10N的力反复摩擦,重复5000次后再次测定其方块电阻,计算方块电阻变化率。
表2搓揉导电布的方块电阻变化率测试结果
揉搓前后方块电阻变化率/% | |
实施例1 | 17 |
实施例2 | 8 |
实施例3 | 9 |
实施例4 | 6 |
实施例7 | 12 |
由表2可知,本发明制备的导电布经过搓揉试验后,实施例2-4的方块电阻变化率<10%,本发明得到的导电布经搓揉试验导电性能变化不大,效果稳定,具有良好的附着性能,不易剥落。
测试例3
抗菌性能测试:
抗菌测试参照FZ/T73023-2006《抗菌针织品》中振荡法进行测试。
将各实施例制备的导电性能的导电布称取1g,折叠成边长为5mm的正方形试样,每组实验各准备两个空白样,一个未经抗菌整理的织物试样,将每组试样均用小纸片包好。对试样进行灭菌处理。根据测试标准对试样进行测试,水洗50次后。
表3导电布的抗菌性能测试结果
大肠杆菌/% | 白色念珠菌/% | |
实施例1 | 80.6 | 81.1 |
实施例2 | 92.1 | 92.8 |
实施例4 | 99.2 | 99.5 |
实施例5 | 97.4 | 98.2 |
实施例6 | 95.5 | 96.3 |
实施例7 | 84.8 | 85.7 |
由表3可知,本发明制备的导电布具有良好的抗菌性能。本发明中引入含有长烷基链的不饱和基季铵盐可穿透和破坏细菌细胞;纳米银中银与蛋白酶中的巯基结合,使蛋白酶丧失灭活,导致细菌等病菌死亡;碳纳米管上存在的活性基团可增加其与细菌的粘附性,通过破坏DNA、蛋白质的方式,进行灭菌;本发明中采用含有长烷基链的不饱和基季铵盐与纳米银、碳纳米管相互作用,采用不同的抗菌方式进行灭菌,增加多种灭菌方式,增加抗菌强度、抗菌效果,同时延长持久抗菌性。
Claims (4)
1.一种导电性能良好的导电布的制作方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤1、将织物置于丙酮中超声处理,得到预处理织物;
步骤2、对步骤1得到的预处理织物浸入硝酸中进行酸处理,得到酸处理织物;
步骤3、将步骤2得到的酸处理织物浸入水中,然后加入改性无机材料、不饱和基季铵盐、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯中混合均匀,再加入N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺、引发剂、2-巯基丙醇,加热反应,反应结束后,取出织物、洗涤、干燥,得到改性织物;将改性织物、苯胺加入水中混合均匀,加热反应,反应结束后,将上述混合体系置于冰浴中,采用盐酸调节pH,然后加入过硫酸铵混合均匀,在冰浴条件下反应,反应结束后,取出、洗涤、干燥,得到导电性能良好的导电布;
所述改性无机材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将0.5-2重量份无机材料加入10-15重量份0.5-1mol/L的改性剂水溶液中进行超声处理60-90min,然后静止10-20h,反应结束后,离心取沉淀、洗涤、干燥,得到改性纳米无机材料,其中超声功率为500-800W、超声频率为18-20kHz;
所述改性剂为衣康酸、丙烯酸中的一种或两种混合物;
所述无机材料由纳米银、碳纳米管按照质量比(1-3):(1-3)混合而成。
2.如权利要求1所述的导电性能良好的导电布的制作方法,其特征在于,所述引发剂为过硫酸铵、过硫酸钾、过氧化氢中的一种或两种以上混合物。
3.如权利要求1所述的导电性能良好的导电布的制作方法,其特征在于,步骤2中超声处理时间为10-30min,超声功率为500-800W、超声频率为18-20kHz。
4.一种导电性能良好的导电布,其特征在于,由权利要求1-3中任一项所述的导电性能良好的导电布的制作方法得到。
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