CN114892281B - Curved surface receiving method and spinning device based on near-field direct writing of melt - Google Patents
Curved surface receiving method and spinning device based on near-field direct writing of melt Download PDFInfo
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- CN114892281B CN114892281B CN202210314222.5A CN202210314222A CN114892281B CN 114892281 B CN114892281 B CN 114892281B CN 202210314222 A CN202210314222 A CN 202210314222A CN 114892281 B CN114892281 B CN 114892281B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
- D01D5/0076—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the collecting device, e.g. drum, wheel, endless belt, plate or grid
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
- D01D5/0092—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the electrical field, e.g. combined with a magnetic fields, using biased or alternating fields
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Abstract
The invention discloses a curved surface receiving method and a spinning device based on melt near-field direct writing. The method for determining the tip of the needle can be used for melt near-field direct writing on receiving devices with different geometric structures and curvatures, and meets the preparation requirement of a non-planar fiber support. The melt near-field direct writing device is braked by a three-axis control system, and the distance between the needle head and the curved surface receiving device is kept constant. When the deposition height of the fiber is larger, the receiving distance and the voltage are compensated, the stability of the jet flow in an electric field is ensured, and finally, the deposition is carried out on the surface of the curved surface receiving device according to the preset path, so that the deviation between the actual path and the preset path is effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of melt near-field direct writing technology and 3D printing, and particularly relates to a melt near-field direct-writing curved surface receiving method and a spinning device.
Background
Melt near field direct writing (MEW) is an emerging intelligent manufacturing technology combining Melt electrospinning and 3D printing. The technology reduces the receiving distance of melt electrostatic spinning, so that jet flow can reach a receiving device before whip occurs, and is assisted with an X-Y axial movement sliding table receiving device, and through path planning of the movement sliding table, the accurate positioning of micron fibers can be realized, and high-level controllability is shown in the aspects of fiber deposition positions, fiber morphology and fiber organization structures. The fiber of the stent prepared by using the near-field melt electrostatic direct writing technology has the characteristic of controllable deposition, a solvent is not needed in the preparation process, the prepared material is non-toxic, the spinning method is lower in pressure, safer and more environment-friendly, the application of the technology in the fields of tissue engineering, clinical medicine and the like is greatly promoted, and the fiber has the advantage of easily regulating and controlling the structure particularly in the process of manufacturing the bionic implantable stent.
In the melt near-field direct writing technology, various process parameters such as voltage, receiving distance, receiving speed and the like need to be matched in a balanced manner so as to ensure the stability of jet flow in an electric field. Most current collection devices for near-field direct writing are planar receptors, however, due to the natural three-dimensional structural arrangement, human tissue (e.g., articular cartilage) is generally non-planar and the mechanical similarity (structure and performance) between biomaterial scaffolds and tissue contributes to more efficient tissue regeneration. Therefore, in order to meet the application requirement of the organization structure, it is urgently needed to break through the technical problem of performing ordered fiber deposition on the curved surface so as to realize the fiber manufacturing of the three-dimensional structure on the curved surface receiving device, increase the diversity of the melt near-field direct writing technology and expand the application field of the technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a curved surface receiving method and a spinning device based on melt near-field direct writing, so as to realize the manufacture of a fiber structure by melt near-field direct writing on receiving devices such as regular geometric curved surfaces, curved surfaces and the like.
In order to solve the technical problems, the following technical scheme is adopted:
the utility model provides a fuse-element near field write curved surface receives spinning equipment, includes spinning head mechanism, platform, curved surface receiving arrangement, its characterized in that: the spinning device also comprises an X-axis moving mechanism, a Y-axis moving mechanism and a Z-axis moving mechanism, wherein the Y-axis moving mechanism is arranged on the X-axis moving mechanism and drives the Y-axis moving mechanism to move transversely; a platform is arranged on the Y-axis moving mechanism and drives the platform to move longitudinally, and the platform is provided with a curved surface receiving device; the Z-axis moving mechanism is provided with a spinning head mechanism which is driven to move in the vertical direction, and the spinning head mechanism spins towards the curved surface receiving device.
Further, the spinning head mechanism comprises a gas pipe, a heating device, a temperature measuring device, a heat insulation cylinder and an injector, wherein the temperature measuring device, the heating device and the injector are installed in the heat insulation cylinder, the gas pipe is connected into the injector and is connected with an air pressure valve, and a digital display screen is installed on the air pressure valve and is used for displaying the air pressure inside the injector; the syringe barrel body is arranged in the heating device, the needle head of the syringe penetrates out of the heat insulation barrel, and the needle head is connected with a high-voltage power supply. The heat insulation cylinder has the effects of heat insulation and heat preservation, and the heating device heats the injector to convert the polymer into a polymer melt; the temperature measuring device monitors the temperature of the injector in real time, so that an operator can conveniently master the temperature working condition in real time, and the temperature measuring device can timely respond when the temperature is out of order. The air pipe is used for controlling the air pressure in the injector so as to regulate and control the extrusion rate of the injector.
Further, the X-axis moving mechanism comprises an X-axis motor, an X-axis lead screw and an X-axis sliding table, the Y-axis moving mechanism comprises a Y-axis motor, a Y-axis lead screw and a Y-axis sliding table, the X-axis motor is connected with the X-axis lead screw, the X-axis sliding table is installed on the X-axis lead screw, the X-axis sliding table is installed with the Y-axis lead screw, the Y-axis lead screw is connected with the Y-axis motor, the Y-axis sliding table is installed on the Y-axis lead screw, and the Y-axis sliding table is installed on the Y-axis sliding table; the Z-axis moving mechanism comprises a Z-axis motor, a Z-axis lead screw and a Z-axis sliding table, the Z-axis motor is connected with the Z-axis lead screw, the Z-axis sliding table is installed on the Z-axis lead screw, and the Z-axis sliding table is connected with the spinning head mechanism through a fixing plate. The invention designs the connection relation of the three-axis moving mechanism, the Y-axis moving mechanism which moves longitudinally is connected with the X-axis moving mechanism through the Y-axis sliding table, and then the X-axis sliding table of the X-axis moving mechanism is connected with the platform, so that the platform is controlled by the X-axis moving mechanism and the Y-axis moving mechanism, and the transverse and longitudinal translation is realized. The Z-axis moving mechanism is connected with the spinning head mechanism through the Z-axis sliding table, the vertical translation of the spinning head mechanism is realized, the receiving distance can be adjusted, the purpose that the three-axis direction can be adjusted randomly in the space is achieved based on the three-axis moving mechanism, the spinning requirement received on the curved surface device is perfectly met, and the design is ingenious.
A curved surface receiving method based on melt near-field direct writing is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Acquiring the space geometric coordinates of the surface of the curved surface receiving device: calculating the surface geometric coordinate of the curved surface receiving device through Python to obtain a space geometric coordinate set of the curved surface receiving device;
(2) Acquiring spatial track coordinates of the needle head: controlling the distance between the needle head and the curved surface receiving device according to the coordinate information generated in the step (1) to keep a constant distance H between the needle head and the curved surface receiving device; calculating to obtain the space track coordinate of the needle head through an algorithm;
(3) Generating a needle coordinate displacement instruction executed by the three-axis motor in a cooperative manner according to the space geometric coordinate set of the curved surface receiving device and the space track coordinates of the needle; introducing a needle coordinate displacement instruction into a three-axis control system, and controlling an X-axis moving mechanism, a Y-axis moving mechanism and a Z-axis moving mechanism by the three-axis control system according to the needle coordinate displacement instruction;
(4) Along with the increase of the height of the deposited fiber, the height between the needle head and the top layer fiber needs to be compensated, COMSOL software is adopted to simulate a spinning electric field model, the electric field intensity between the needle head and the surface of the curved surface receiving device is determined, voltage regulation and control are executed through a voltage control program, and the stable stress of the jet flow in the electric field is ensured.
(5) And (5) executing the printing operation according to the step (3) and the step (4).
Preferably, the calculation process of the step (1): firstly, extracting and dividing a y coordinate of a (x, y, z) three-dimensional coordinate to obtain all divided y coordinate sets, dividing a corresponding x coordinate on the y coordinate to obtain all (x, y) coordinate sets, bringing the x and y coordinates into a spherical equation to obtain a corresponding z coordinate, and finally obtaining an (x, y, z) space geometric coordinate set of the curved surface receiving device; the spherical equation of (a) is:
x 2 +y 2 +z 2 ＝r 2
where r represents the radius of the sphere.
Preferably, the melt near-field direct-writing electric field model simulation in the step (4): performing two-dimensional modeling on the spinning device, and defining the conductivity setting of the material according to the actual conductivity; the electric field variation in the process of simulating spinning is to perform physical field simulation on the electric field intensity between the needle head and the surface of the curved surface receiving device, determine the electric field intensity of the needle head at different positions, and execute voltage regulation and compensation through a voltage control program. The stability of the jet in the electric field is ensured by electric field model simulations, and the position of the needle needs to be corrected to achieve accurate deposition. The distance between the needle and the curved receiving means remains constant. And adjusting the motion path of the needle head along with the movement of the needle head above the curved surface receiving device, wherein the position of the needle head is vertically projected on the curved surface in the process. As printing proceeds, the height of the deposited portion of the fibers increases, while the distance of the fiber tip from the top layer of fibers decreases. In order to ensure the stability of the jet flow and avoid the situation that the top layer fiber is not fully solidified due to the influence of a heat source, the fine adjustment is carried out along with the position of the tip of the needle head, and meanwhile, the voltage is regulated and controlled, so that the optimal electric field intensity between the needle head and the curved surface receiving device is ensured, and the stable polymer jet flow and repeatable printing are kept.
Preferably, after 20 layers are spin printed, the voltage is increased at a constant voltage per layer. Ensuring the stable and continuous and orderly deposition of the jet flow.
Preferably, step (5): the curved surface receiving device is manufactured by a 3D printing method, and the geometric shape, the curvature and the size of the curved surface receiving device can be defined in three-dimensional design software.
Preferably, step (5): before printing, adding the polymer master batches into an injector, preheating the polymer master batches, and discharging bubbles in the polymer melt after preheating to obtain a uniform polymer melt; after the polymer melt is uniformly heated, extruding the polymer melt by a controllable pneumatic device, controlling a pneumatic valve, and supplying air pressure to the inside of the injector through a gas pipe; when polymer melt begins to appear at the needle head of the injector, a direct current voltage is applied to the needle head through a direct current power supply; after the voltage is started, the polymer melt forms stable jet flow in an electrostatic field and is pulled into filaments in the air, and finally the filaments are solidified into an ordered fiber structure in a curved surface receiving device.
Preferably, step (4): before printing, operating the movement of the X-axis moving mechanism, the Y-axis moving mechanism and the Z-axis moving mechanism, contacting the needle head with the edge of the curved surface receiving device, lifting the Z-axis moving mechanism upwards by H, and setting the position coordinate of the Y axis as the zero point of the Y axis; and moving the X-axis moving mechanism and the Y-axis moving mechanism, corresponding the zero point in the needle coordinate displacement instruction to a preset space zero point, and executing zero returning operation.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the method has the following beneficial effects:
the invention relates to a curved surface receiving method and a spinning device based on melt near-field direct writing. The beneficial effects are as follows:
1. the spinning head mechanism is arranged on the Z-axis moving mechanism, the motion track of the spinning head mechanism can be designed through point coordinates, and the distance between the spinning head mechanism and the curved surface receiving device is conveniently controlled to obtain the spinning standard required by design.
2. The invention corrects the movement track of the spinneret device by acquiring the space geometric coordinate of the surface of the curved surface receiving device, and ensures that the distance between the spinneret tip and the curved surface receiving device is constant.
3. The method for determining the position of the tip of the needle can be used on a linear inclined plane receiving device and a nonlinear curved surface receiving device, and meets the process requirement of near-field direct writing of a melt on curved surface receiving devices with more shapes.
4. When the fiber deposition height is large, the distance between the spinning tip and the fiber surface needs to be adjusted along with the increase of the deposited fiber height, the stability of the electric field intensity is guaranteed, the COMSOL physical model is adopted to simulate and guide the regulation and control of the voltage, the stability of jet flow in an electric field is guaranteed, the jet flow is finally deposited on the surface of the curved surface receiving device according to the preset path, and the deviation between the actual path and the preset path is effectively reduced.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a spinning apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the spinning apparatus in a front view;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the spinning apparatus in a left-hand direction;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a spinning apparatus in a top view;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a spinneret mechanism and a curved surface receiving device;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the movement trajectory before and after optimization of the needle path;
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the movement trace of the needle in a non-linear curved surface.
Detailed Description
The invention aims to provide a curved surface receiving method and a spinning device based on melt near-field direct writing. The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples:
1. near-field direct-writing curved surface receiving spinning device
Including spinning head mechanism 5, platform 4, curved surface receiving arrangement 6, its characterized in that: the spinning structure also comprises an X-axis moving mechanism 1, a Y-axis moving mechanism 2 and a Z-axis moving mechanism 3, wherein the Y-axis moving mechanism 2 is arranged on the X-axis moving mechanism 1 and drives the Y-axis moving mechanism 2 to move transversely; a platform 4 is arranged on the Y-axis moving mechanism 2 and drives the platform 4 to move longitudinally, and the platform 4 is provided with a curved surface receiving device 6; the Z-axis moving mechanism 3 is provided with a spinning head mechanism 5, the spinning head mechanism 5 is driven to move in the vertical direction, and the spinning head mechanism 5 spins towards the curved surface receiving device 6.
The spinning head mechanism 5 comprises a gas pipe 51, a heating device 54, a temperature measuring device 53, a heat insulation cylinder 52 and an injector 55, wherein the temperature measuring device 53, the heating device 54 and the injector 55 are sequentially installed in the heat insulation cylinder 52 from outside to inside, the gas pipe 51 is connected into the injector 55, the gas pipe 51 is connected with a gas pressure valve, and a digital display screen is installed on the gas pressure valve to display the pressure inside the injector 55; the syringe 55 is placed in the heating device 54, and the needle of the syringe 55 is passed through the heat insulation cylinder 52 and connected with a DC high-voltage power supply 56.
The heat insulation cylinder 52 has the effects of heat insulation and heat preservation, is made of heat insulation and heat preservation materials, can reduce the loss of internal heat on one hand, has good heat preservation effect, and reduces the heating energy consumption.
A heating device 54 for heating the injector 55 by adopting an electric heating mode, wherein the cylinder body of the injector 55 is arranged in the heating device 54, and the heating device 54 heats the injector 55 to convert the polymer into a polymer melt;
the temperature measuring device 53, which is in the form of a temperature measuring rod, is installed between the heat insulating cylinder 52 and the heating device 54 to detect the internal temperature. The temperature measuring device 53 monitors the temperature of the injector 55 in real time, so that an operator can conveniently master the temperature working condition in real time, and the temperature measuring device can timely react when the temperature is out of order.
The air pipe 51 is used for controlling the air pressure in the injector 55 so as to regulate and control the extrusion rate of the injector 55, and the air pipe 51 is connected with an air pressure valve so as to conveniently regulate the air pressure in the injector 55; the air pressure valve is provided with a digital display screen which displays the air pressure inside the injector 55, so that an operator can master the air pressure working condition.
The X-axis moving mechanism 1 comprises an X-axis motor 11, an X-axis lead screw 12 and an X-axis sliding table 13, the Y-axis moving mechanism 2 comprises a Y-axis motor 21, a Y-axis lead screw 22 and a Y-axis sliding table 23, the X-axis motor 11 is connected with the X-axis lead screw 12, the X-axis sliding table 13 is installed on the X-axis lead screw 12, the Y-axis sliding table 13 is installed with the Y-axis lead screw 22, the Y-axis lead screw 22 is connected with the Y-axis motor 21, the Y-axis sliding table 23 is installed on the Y-axis lead screw 22, and the Y-axis sliding table 23 is installed with the platform 4; the Z-axis moving mechanism 3 comprises a Z-axis motor 31, a Z-axis lead screw 32 and a Z-axis sliding table 33, the Z-axis motor 31 is connected with the Z-axis lead screw 32, the Z-axis sliding table 33 is arranged on the Z-axis lead screw 32, and the Z-axis sliding table 33 is connected with the spinning head mechanism 5 through a fixing plate 34.
The invention designs the connection relation of the three-axis moving mechanism, the Y-axis moving mechanism 2 which moves longitudinally is connected with the X-axis moving mechanism 1 through the Y-axis sliding table 23, and then the X-axis sliding table 13 of the X-axis moving mechanism 1 is connected with the platform 4, so that the platform 4 is controlled by the X-axis moving mechanism 1 and the Y-axis moving mechanism 2, and the transverse and longitudinal translation is realized. The Z-axis moving mechanism 3 is connected with the spinning head mechanism 5 through the Z-axis sliding table 33, vertical translation of the spinning head mechanism 5 is achieved, so that the receiving distance can be adjusted, the purpose that the three-axis direction can be adjusted randomly in the space is achieved based on the three-axis moving mechanism, the spinning method for receiving the curved surface is perfectly matched, and the design is ingenious.
2. Curved surface receiving method based on melt near-field direct writing
The curved surface receiving device 6 adopts a spherical surface receiving device
(1) Acquiring the surface space geometric coordinates of the curved surface receiving device 6: calculating the surface geometric coordinates of the curved surface receiving device 6 through Python, firstly extracting and dividing the y coordinate of the (x, y, z) three-dimensional coordinate to obtain all divided y coordinate sets, dividing the corresponding x coordinate on the y coordinate to obtain all (x, y) coordinate sets, substituting the x and y coordinates into a spherical equation to obtain the corresponding z coordinate, and finally obtaining the (x, y, z) space geometric coordinate set of the curved surface receiving device 6; the spherical equation is:
x 2 +y 2 +z 2 ＝r 2
where r represents the radius of the sphere.
(2) Obtaining spatial trajectory coordinates of needle 552: controlling the distance between the needle 552 and the curved surface receiving device 6 according to the coordinate information of the curved surface receiving device 6 generated in the step (1) so that the needle 552 and the curved surface receiving device keep a constant distance of 4mm; calculating and acquiring the space track coordinate of the needle 552 through an algorithm;
in order to calculate the position of the needle 552 from the surface of the curved receiver 6, the coordinates of the geometric points of the surface of the curved receiver 6 must first be obtained. And then a vertical (shortest distance of the needle 552 to the surface of the curved receptacle 6) line is used to form a new path for the needle 552 (e.g., the optimized needle 552 trajectory in fig. 6). There is a need to create a Python algorithm to calculate new position coordinates of the needle relative to the curved surface 552, and generate a list of coordinates of the needle 552 to define the position of the needle 552 throughout the printing process.
Once the spatial position of the curved surface receiving means 6 is calculated, the position of the needle 552 is determined by an algorithm adding a vertical distance of 4 mm. During low-level fiber printing, the needle 552 path will remain in a vertical position 4mm above the surface of the curved receiver 6. When the fiber support with larger thickness is printed, the Z-axis coordinate of the needle head is finely adjusted on the basis of the step, so that the distance between the needle head and the top layer fiber of the support is kept constant.
(3) Generating a needle 552 coordinate displacement instruction executed by cooperation of a three-axis motor according to the space geometric coordinate set of the curved surface receiving device 6 and the space track coordinate of the needle 552; introducing a needle 552 coordinate displacement instruction into a three-axis control system, and controlling the X-axis moving mechanism 1, the Y-axis moving mechanism 2 and the Z-axis moving mechanism 3 by the three-axis control system according to the needle 552 coordinate displacement instruction, wherein the movement speeds of the three mechanisms are controlled to be 500mm/min;
(4) When the number of the fiber layers is high, COMSOL software is needed to be adopted to simulate an electric field model of the near-field direct writing of the melt; performing two-dimensional modeling on the spinning device, and defining the conductivity setting of the material according to the actual conductivity; simulating the influence of the increase of the height of the deposited fiber on the electric field intensity in the spinning process, along with the increase of the thickness of the deposited fiber, raising the distance between a needle head and the top layer fiber, and executing voltage regulation and compensation through a voltage control program. Ensuring that the jet is stable in the electric field by electric field simulation requires correction of the position of the needle 552 to achieve accurate deposition. As the needle 552 moves over the curved receptacle 6, the path of movement of the needle 552 is adjusted, during which the position of the needle 552 is projected perpendicularly onto the curved surface. The voltage level is adjusted as the position of the tip of the needle 552 is varied to achieve an optimal electric field strength, maintain a stable polymer jet, and repeatable printing.
After 20 layers of spinning printing, the voltage is increased by 2V for each layer, the stability of jet flow is ensured, and accurate deposition is carried out according to a preset path.
(5) And (5) executing the printing operation according to the step (3) and the step (4).
Step one, the curved surface receiving device is manufactured by 3D printing, and a layer of conductive tinfoil is covered on the surface of the curved surface receiving device 6, so that the manufactured fiber support can be conveniently taken and placed.
Step two, taking polycaprolactone, adding 5g of polycaprolactone master batch into the injector 55, setting the preheating temperature to 70 ℃, and preheating for more than 24 hours to fully discharge bubbles in the polymer melt 551, thereby obtaining the uniform polymer melt 551.
And step three, after the melt is uniformly heated, extruding the polymer melt 551 by a controllable pneumatic device, controlling a pneumatic valve, supplying air pressure to the inside of the injector 55 through a gas pipe 51, and adjusting the air pressure inside the injector 55 to 2.0bar.
Step four, printing the structural design of the bracket: and (4) drawing by using SolidWorks. The geometry of the stent is determined by the software and the STL file of the stent is exported. The STL file is converted into a G-code which can be identified by a three-axis control system through Repeter-Host software, a G-code program and a needle 552 position file are uploaded to the three-axis control system (adopting Mach-CNC software) of the receiving device (in X and Y directions) and the spinning head mechanism 5 (in Z direction), and jet flow can be deposited on the curved surface receiving device 6 according to the designed pattern or structure. The melt near-field direct-writing PCL square grid support is designed into a grid of 35mm multiplied by 35mm, and the fiber spacing is 500 mu m. The ring-shaped structure of the grid edge is designed to prevent the accumulation of the buffer form of the fiber caused by the change of the mechanical running direction.
Before printing, operating the X-axis moving mechanism 1, the Y-axis moving mechanism 2 and the Z-axis moving mechanism 3 to move, contacting the needle 552 with the edge of the curved surface receiving device 6, lifting the Z-axis moving mechanism 3 upwards by H, and setting the Y-axis position coordinate as the zero point of the Y axis; the X-axis moving mechanism and the Y-axis moving mechanism 2 are moved to correspond the zero point in the coordinate displacement command of the needle 552 to the preset spatial zero point, and the zero return operation is performed.
Sixthly, when the polymer melt 551 begins to agglomerate at the needle 552 of the injector 55, starting to apply direct current voltage to the needle 552 through a direct current power supply; after the voltage is turned on, the polymer melt 551 forms a stable jet in the electrostatic field and is drawn into a filament in the air, and finally, the filament is deposited on the curved receiving device 6 according to a preset path.
In the whole printing process, the height of the needle 552 and the surface of the curved surface receiving device 6 are kept constant at a constant distance of 4mm, the three-axis control system executes the movement of the X-axis moving mechanism 1, the Y-axis moving mechanism 2 and the Z-axis moving mechanism 3, and the voltage control program executes voltage regulation and compensation. After printing was completed, 70% ethanol was sprayed on the support to facilitate removal from the curved receiving device.
The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent substitutions or modifications made on the basis of the present invention to solve the same technical problems and achieve the same technical effects are all covered in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A curved surface receiving method based on melt near-field direct writing is disclosed, wherein a spinning device comprises a spinning head mechanism, a platform, a curved surface receiving device, an X-axis moving mechanism, a Y-axis moving mechanism and a Z-axis moving mechanism, wherein the Y-axis moving mechanism is mounted on the X-axis moving mechanism and drives the Y-axis moving mechanism to move transversely; the Y-axis moving mechanism is provided with the platform to drive the platform to move longitudinally, and the platform is provided with the curved surface receiving device; the Z-axis moving mechanism is installed on the spinning head mechanism and drives the spinning head mechanism to move in the vertical direction, and the spinning head mechanism spins on the curved surface receiving device, and the Z-axis moving mechanism is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Acquiring the space geometric coordinates of the curved surface receiving device: calculating the surface geometric coordinate of the curved surface receiving device through Python to obtain a space geometric coordinate set of the curved surface receiving device;
(2) Acquiring spatial track coordinates of the needle head: controlling the distance between the needle head and the curved surface receiving device according to the coordinate information generated in the step (1) to keep a constant distance H between the needle head and the curved surface receiving device; then calculating and acquiring the space track coordinate of the needle head through Python;
(3) Generating a needle coordinate displacement instruction cooperatively executed by a three-axis motor according to a space geometric coordinate set of the curved surface receiving device and a space track coordinate of the needle; introducing a needle coordinate displacement instruction into a three-axis control system, and controlling an X-axis moving mechanism, a Y-axis moving mechanism and a Z-axis moving mechanism by the three-axis control system according to the needle coordinate displacement instruction;
(4) When the fiber deposition height is larger, the height between the needle head and the top layer fiber needs to be compensated along with the increase of the deposited fiber height, an electric field between the spinning tip and the surface of the receiving device is simulated by COMSOL simulation software, the voltage is regulated and controlled in time, and the stress stability of jet flow in the electric field is ensured;
(5) And (5) executing the printing operation according to the step (3) and the step (4).
2. The method for receiving the curved surface based on the near-field direct writing of the melt according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the spinning head mechanism comprises a gas pipe, a heating device, a temperature measuring device, a heat insulation cylinder and an injector, wherein the temperature measuring device, the heating device and the injector are installed in the heat insulation cylinder, the gas pipe is connected into the injector and is connected with a pneumatic valve, and a digital display screen is installed on the pneumatic valve and is used for displaying the air pressure inside the injector; the syringe barrel body is arranged in the heating device, the needle head of the syringe penetrates out of the heat insulation barrel, and the needle head is connected with a high-voltage power supply.
3. The method for receiving the curved surface based on the near-field direct writing of the melt according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the X-axis moving mechanism comprises an X-axis motor, an X-axis lead screw and an X-axis sliding table, the Y-axis moving mechanism comprises a Y-axis motor, a Y-axis lead screw and a Y-axis sliding table, the X-axis motor is connected with the X-axis lead screw, the X-axis sliding table is installed on the Y-axis lead screw, the Y-axis lead screw is connected with the Y-axis motor, the Y-axis sliding table is installed on the Y-axis lead screw, and the Y-axis sliding table is installed on the platform; the Z-axis moving mechanism comprises a Z-axis motor, a Z-axis lead screw and a Z-axis sliding table, the Z-axis motor is connected with the Z-axis lead screw, the Z-axis sliding table is installed on the Z-axis lead screw, and the Z-axis sliding table is connected and installed with the spinning head mechanism through a fixing plate.
4. The method for receiving the curved surface based on the near-field direct writing of the melt according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the calculation process of the step (1) comprises the following steps: extracting and dividing a y coordinate of a three-dimensional coordinate of a curved surface (x, y, z) to obtain all divided y coordinate sets, dividing a corresponding x coordinate on the y coordinate to obtain all (x, y) coordinate sets, bringing the x and y coordinates into a spherical equation to obtain a corresponding z coordinate, and finally obtaining an (x, y, z) space geometric coordinate set of a curved surface receiving device; the sphere equation is as follows:
x 2 + y 2 + z 2 = r 2
where r represents the radius of the sphere.
5. The method for receiving the curved surface based on the near-field direct writing of the melt according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: electric field simulation in the step (4): performing two-dimensional geometric modeling on the spinning device, and defining the conductivity setting of the material according to the actual conductivity; and determining the electric field intensity of the needle head at the finely adjusted spatial position through physical electric field simulation of the influence of the height change of the deposited fibers on the electric field intensity between the needle head and the surface of the curved surface receiving device, and regulating and controlling the voltage by executing a voltage control program.
6. The method for receiving the curved surface based on the near-field direct writing of the melt according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: after 20 layers were spin printed, the voltage was increased at a constant voltage per layer.
7. The method for receiving the curved surface based on the near-field direct writing of the melt according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step (5): the curved surface receiving device structure can be obtained through 3D printing, and the size or the geometric shape of the curved surface is designed in three-dimensional software according to actual use so as to meet different application requirements.
8. The method for receiving the curved surface based on the near-field direct writing of the melt according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step (5): before printing, adding the polymer master batches into an injector, preheating the polymer master batches, and discharging bubbles in the polymer melt after preheating to obtain a uniform polymer melt; after the polymer melt is uniformly heated, extruding the polymer melt by a controllable pneumatic device, controlling a pneumatic valve, and supplying air pressure to the inside of the injector through a gas pipe; when polymer melt begins to appear at the needle head of the injector, a direct current voltage is applied to the needle head through a direct current power supply; after the voltage is switched on, the polymer melt forms stable jet flow in the electrostatic field and is drawn into filaments in the air, and finally the filaments are deposited on the surface of the curved receiving device according to a preset path.
9. The method for receiving the curved surface based on the near-field direct writing of the melt according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step (4): before printing, operating the movement of the X-axis moving mechanism, the Y-axis moving mechanism and the Z-axis moving mechanism, contacting the needle head with the edge of the curved surface receiving device, lifting the Z-axis moving mechanism upwards by H, and setting the position coordinate of the Y axis as the zero point of the Y axis; and moving the X-axis moving mechanism and the Y-axis moving mechanism, corresponding the zero point in the needle coordinate displacement instruction to a preset space zero point, and executing zero returning operation.
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