CN114890812A - High-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on fly ash and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

High-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on fly ash and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN114890812A
CN114890812A CN202210446177.9A CN202210446177A CN114890812A CN 114890812 A CN114890812 A CN 114890812A CN 202210446177 A CN202210446177 A CN 202210446177A CN 114890812 A CN114890812 A CN 114890812A
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fly ash
directional radiation
radiation element
element based
temperature infrared
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CN114890812B (en
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桑绍柏
王光阳
孙义燃
李亚伟
王庆虎
朱天彬
廖宁
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Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
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Abstract

The invention relates to a high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on fly ash and a preparation method thereof. The technical scheme is that the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 55-70 wt% of fly ash; 8-18 wt% of fine magnesite powder; 6-12 wt% of magnesium oxide fine powder; 1-4 wt% of cerium oxide fine powder; 4-15 wt% of waste silicon-molybdenum rod fine powder; the aluminum zirconium composite sol accounts for 3-5 wt%. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing the fly ash and the aluminum-zirconium composite sol, then continuously mixing the mixture with fine magnesite powder, fine magnesium oxide powder, fine cerium oxide powder and fine waste silicon-molybdenum rod powder, ageing the mixture, performing compression molding, drying, sintering and cutting and grinding to obtain the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash. The product prepared by the invention has small density and good thermal shock stability, can be used for a long time in an environment with the temperature of more than 1000 ℃, has high infrared emissivity in a wave band of 1-5 mu m, and realizes directional radiation in an industrial kiln.

Description

High-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on fly ash and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-temperature infrared radiation elements. In particular to a high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on fly ash and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Currently, the total amount of world energy consumption increases year by year, with industrial kilns consuming a lot. When the furnace temperature is more than 800 ℃, the heat transfer is mainly radiation, and the radiation heat transfer accounts for more than 85% of the total heat. Therefore, the heat efficiency of the kiln can be improved to the maximum extent by enhancing the radiation heat transfer, and the energy conservation of the kiln is realized. The wall of the existing industrial heating furnace is mostly built by refractory bricks, refractory fibers or castable, and the infrared emissivity of the materials is generally not high. Therefore, the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element is used in the top area of the heating furnace, so that the radiation heat transfer capacity of the kiln can be improved, and the energy utilization rate is further improved.
In recent years, research and development of infrared radiation elements are rapid, and a patent technology of a far infrared radiation element for an industrial kiln and a preparation method thereof (CN 108752023A) is adopted, although the infrared radiation element prepared by taking vanadium-titanium tailings and niobium carbide as main raw materials solves the problems of low emissivity, easy deformation and cracking, the emissivity of the infrared radiation element in a far infrared band can reach 0.92-0.95, but high emissivity is only reflected in the far infrared band, a near infrared band of 1-5 mu m playing a leading role in high temperature use is not involved, and the infrared radiation element in a kiln at the temperature of over 1000 ℃ has the advantages of being low in emissivity, easy to deform and crackThe middle-energy efficiency effect is unclear; the patent technology of 'a heat radiation material and refractory material (CN101973768A) applying the heat radiation material' adopts nano ultra-fine powder as raw material, the heat radiation material is sprayed and arranged in a hearth to reduce the heat loss of an industrial heating furnace kiln, the heat emissivity reaches 0.95, but the emissivity does not define the infrared band range, and the nano powder is used at the high temperature of more than 1000 ℃ for a long time, the crystal grains grow up and can react with the components of a kiln substrate, thereby leading the infrared radiation performance of the prepared material to change, and simultaneously, the introduction of the nano powder greatly improves the cost of the material; according to the patent technology of 'high infrared element and preparation method and application thereof' (CN 113913779A), the graphene infrared radiation enhanced coating is grown on the metal material substrate, so that the infrared emission capability of the metal material is effectively enhanced, but because the substrate is an alloy, the infrared emissivity is tested below 300 ℃, the normal use of the graphene infrared radiation enhanced coating in a kiln with the use temperature of more than 1000 ℃ cannot be ensured, the thermal expansion coefficient difference between the graphene infrared radiation enhanced coating and the alloy substrate is large, and the thermal shock resistance stability is poor; the patent technology of 'a silicon carbide infrared radiation ceramic material and a preparation method thereof' (CN111170143A) adopts a solid-phase sintering method to prepare the silicon carbide infrared radiation ceramic material, the emissivity of the silicon carbide infrared radiation ceramic material can reach 0.84, but the density of the silicon carbide infrared radiation ceramic material is 2.01g/cm 3 And the ceramic material is easy to fall off when being arranged on the top of the kiln.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and aims to provide a preparation method of a high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on fly ash, which has low cost; the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash prepared by the method has the advantages of small density, good thermal shock stability, long-term use in an environment with the temperature of more than 1000 ℃, high infrared emissivity in a wave band of 1-5 mu m, and realization of directional radiation in an industrial kiln.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the shape of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the coal ash is a truncated cone, and an inverted truncated cone cavity is formed in the upper plane of the truncated cone inwards and coaxially; the taper of the truncated cone is 1: 5-10, and the taper of the inverted truncated cone cavity is 1: 10-20.
The height difference (H-H) between the cavity of the truncated cone and the cavity of the inverted truncated cone is 1-2.5 cm (1)
The circular ring radius difference (R-R) of the plane on the circular truncated cone is 1-1.5 cm (2), and in the formula (1) and the formula (2):
h represents the height of the truncated cone, cm;
h represents the height of the inverted truncated cone cavity, cm;
r represents the radius of the plane on the cone frustum, cm;
r represents the radius, cm, of the upper plane of the truncated cone cavity.
The high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
Figure BDA0003615632470000021
Figure BDA0003615632470000031
the preparation method of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash comprises the following steps:
mixing the raw materials of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash and the content of the raw materials, and mixing the fly ash and the aluminum-zirconium composite sol for 5-15 min to prepare a mixture A; adding the fine magnesite powder, the fine magnesium oxide powder, the fine cerium oxide powder and the fine waste silicon-molybdenum rod powder into the mixture A, and continuously mixing for 15-20 min to obtain a mixture B; ageing the mixture B for 12-24 hours, performing compression molding under the condition of 60-100 MPa to obtain a biscuit, and drying the biscuit at the temperature of 100-120 ℃ for 12-24 hours; and heating the dried biscuit from room temperature to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 4-6 ℃/min, heating to 1200-1400 ℃ at the speed of 1.5-2.5 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 3-5 h, cooling along with the furnace, taking out, cutting and grinding to obtain the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash.
The fly ash: al (Al) 2 O 3 The content is more than or equal to 30 wt%, SiO 2 Not less than 50 wt%; the average grain diameter of the fly ash is less than or equal to 150 mu m.
The MgO content of the magnesite fine powder is more than or equal to 45 wt%; the average particle size of the magnesite fine powder is less than 74 mu m.
The MgO content of the magnesium oxide fine powder is more than or equal to 96 percent, and the average grain diameter of the magnesium oxide fine powder is less than or equal to 45 mu m.
CeO in the fine powder of the strontium oxide 2 The content is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the average grain diameter of the strontium oxide is less than or equal to 45 mu m.
The average grain diameter of the waste silicon-molybdenum rod fine powder is less than or equal to 45 mu m.
The aluminum zirconium composite sol: ZrO (ZrO) 2 The content is more than or equal to 5 wt%; al (Al) 2 O 3 The content is more than or equal to 10 wt%.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the main chemical component of the fly ash adopted by the invention is Al 2 O 3 And SiO 2 The fly ash, the magnesite fine powder and the magnesia fine powder are mixed and can react to generate a material with cordierite as the main component after being sintered at the temperature of 1200-1400 ℃. Due to the influence of impurities such as Ca, Fe and the like which often exist in the fly ash, the cordierite and the cordierite obtained by the invention have certain deviation in theoretical composition, and certain distortion occurs in crystal lattices, so that the prepared high-temperature infrared directional radiation element (hereinafter referred to as a high-temperature infrared directional radiation element) based on the fly ash has higher infrared radiance.
The invention adopts cerium oxide fine powder on the basis of the raw materials, and the Ce is sintered at high temperature 4+ Into the six-membered ring lattice of cordierite, Ce 4+ Capable of attracting O in two six-membered ring structures above and below cordierite 2- The spacing between the six-membered ring surfaces is reduced; can also attract O in the same six-membered ring 2- Resulting in a reduction in the diameter of the six-membered ring; at the same time Ce 4+ The same poles repel each other, which increases the surface distance of six-membered ring, makes the cordierite crystal generate distortion, reduces the symmetry of crystal structure, generates dipoleAnd the infrared active vibration of the crystal lattice is enhanced, so that the infrared emissivity of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element in a wave band of 1-5 mu m is further improved.
The invention also adopts the waste silicon-molybdenum rod fine powder, the main component of which is MoSi 2 。MoSi 2 As an intermetallic compound, the conduction and valence bands have a partial overlap, with a relatively low density of states at the fermi level, which enables free electrons to more easily transition from the valence band to the conduction band; at the same time, MoSi 2 The 4d electron orbit of the Mo atom and the 3p electron orbit of the Si atom form a hybrid orbit, so that the heat radiation performance of the near-infrared band is further improved; further, MoSi 2 The special cordierite has good heat conduction performance, and the heat can be ensured to be rapidly transferred to the surface by superposing the special cordierite, and the special cordierite is converted into infrared radiation to be radiated out. Therefore, the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element prepared by the invention has high infrared emissivity in a wave band of 1-5 μm.
The fly ash adopted by the invention has light specific gravity, is loose and porous, and contains part of hollow microspheres. In addition, the introduced magnesite fine powder can also be decomposed at high temperature to release CO 2 The density of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element is not high, the total porosity is 35-55%, and most of the pores are below 10 mu m. More importantly, the infrared ray can be absorbed or reflected for a plurality of times in the tiny holes at high temperature, and each reflection can absorb a part of energy, thereby improving the infrared absorption rate of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element. Therefore, the internal microporous structure prepared by combining the raw material composition with the heat treatment process schedule ensures high heat radiation absorptivity of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element. The energy absorbed at high temperature is radiated out again, and a large amount of infrared radiation is radiated out at the opening of the cavity of the inverted cone table, so that the directional radiation function is realized.
The high-temperature infrared directional radiation element prepared by the invention is sintered at high temperature, has low density and is not easy to fall off when being bonded to the top of a kiln; in addition, the main phase of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element is cordierite phase, the expansion coefficient is small, the micropores are more, the thermal shock stability is good, and both the cordierite phase and the micropore are favorable for the safe use of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element at the temperature of more than 1000 ℃ for a long time.
On one hand, the aluminum zirconium composite sol adopted by the invention can enhance the strength of the biscuit before heat treatment and avoid damage in the preparation process; on the other hand, nano-grade Al is introduced 2 O 3 Can reduce the synthesis temperature of cordierite, further reduce energy consumption, and introduce nano-level ZrO 2 The temperature resistance, the mechanical strength and the thermal shock stability of the element are improved, and the service life of the prepared high-temperature infrared directional radiation element at high temperature is prolonged.
The main raw materials of the fly ash and the waste silicon-molybdenum rod adopted by the invention belong to solid wastes in a certain sense, and the price is low. The fly ash and the waste silicon-molybdenum rod are mainly prepared by utilizing the fly ash and the waste silicon-molybdenum rod, so that the problem of environmental pollution caused by the fly ash can be avoided, and a new way for high-added-value utilization of the two solid waste raw materials is provided.
The density of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash prepared by the invention is 1.4-1.8 g/cm 3 Testing that the emissivity of the element at a wave band of 1-5 mu m is 0.8-0.92 by using a Fourier spectrum emissivity measuring system, preserving the heat for 15min at 1100 ℃, and not cracking after water cooling is repeated for 7-12 times; when the prepared high-temperature infrared directional radiation elements based on the fly ash are arranged on the top of the heating furnace in 49 per square meter, the radiation area of the top of the heating furnace is increased by more than 1 time, the arrival rate of the heat radiation to the workpiece is increased by more than 30%, and the heat efficiency of the kiln is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on fly ash according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description, without limiting its scope.
In order to avoid repetition, the following raw materials are uniformly described in this specific embodiment, and are not described in detail in the embodiments:
the fly ash: al (Al) 2 O 3 The content is more than or equal to 30 wt%, SiO 2 Not less than 50 wt%; the average grain diameter of the fly ash is less than or equal to 150 mu m.
The MgO content of the magnesite fine powder is more than or equal to 45 wt%; the average particle size of the magnesite fine powder is less than 74 mu m.
The MgO content of the magnesium oxide fine powder is more than or equal to 96 percent, and the average grain diameter of the magnesium oxide fine powder is less than or equal to 45 mu m.
CeO in the fine powder of the strontium oxide 2 The content is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the average grain diameter of the strontium oxide is less than or equal to 45 mu m.
The average grain diameter of the waste silicon-molybdenum rod fine powder is less than or equal to 45 mu m.
The aluminum zirconium composite sol: ZrO (ZrO) 2 The content is more than or equal to 5 wt%; al (Al) 2 O 3 The content is more than or equal to 10 wt%.
Example 1
A high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on fly ash and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method in this example is:
as shown in fig. 1, the structural shape of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash is a truncated cone, and an inverted truncated cone cavity is coaxially arranged inwards on the upper plane of the truncated cone; the taper of the truncated cone is 1: 5-6.5, and the taper of the inverted truncated cone cavity is 1: 10-12.5.
The height difference (H-H) between the cavity of the truncated cone and the cavity of the inverted truncated cone is 1-2 cm (1)
The radius difference (R-R) of the circular ring of the upper plane of the truncated cone is 1-1.2 cm (2)
In formulae (1) and (2):
h represents the height of the truncated cone, cm;
h represents the height of the inverted truncated cone cavity, cm;
r represents the radius, cm, of the plane on the cone frustum;
r represents the radius, cm, of the upper plane of the truncated cone cavity.
The high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
Figure BDA0003615632470000061
the preparation method of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash comprises the following steps:
mixing the raw materials of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash and the content of the raw materials, and mixing the fly ash and the aluminum-zirconium composite sol for 5-7 min to prepare a mixture A; adding the fine magnesite powder, the fine magnesium oxide powder, the fine cerium oxide powder and the fine waste silicon-molybdenum rod powder into the mixture A, and continuously mixing for 15-16 min to obtain a mixture B; ageing the mixture B for 12-15 hours, and performing compression molding under the condition of 60-70 MPa to obtain a biscuit; drying the biscuit for 12-15 h at the temperature of 100-105 ℃; and heating the dried biscuit from room temperature to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 4-5 ℃/min, heating to 1200-1250 ℃ at the speed of 1.5-2 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 3-4 h, cooling along with the furnace, taking out, cutting and grinding to obtain the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash.
The density of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash prepared by the embodiment is 1.5-1.8 g/cm 3 Testing that the emissivity of the element at a wave band of 1-5 mu m is 0.8-0.85 at 1100 ℃ by using a Fourier spectrum emissivity measuring system, preserving the heat for 15min at 1100 ℃, and not cracking after water cooling is repeated for 7-10 times; when 49 high-temperature infrared directional radiation elements based on the fly ash are arranged on the top of the heating furnace per square meter, the radiation area of the top of the heating furnace is increased by 1.2-1.9 times, and the arrival rate of the heat radiation to the workpiece is increased by 32-35%.
Example 2
A high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on fly ash and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method in this example is:
the structure of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash is the same as that of the embodiment 1 except for the following technical parameters:
the taper of the truncated cone is 1: 6.5-8, and the taper of the inverted truncated cone cavity is 1: 12.5-15.
The height difference (H-H) between the cavity of the truncated cone and the cavity of the inverted truncated cone is 1.5-2.5 cm (1)
The radius difference (R-R) of the circular ring of the upper plane of the truncated cone is 1.2-1.5 cm (2)
The high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
Figure BDA0003615632470000071
the preparation method of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash comprises the following steps:
mixing the raw materials of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash and the content of the raw materials, and mixing the fly ash and the aluminum-zirconium composite sol for 7-10 min to prepare a mixture A; adding the fine magnesite powder, the fine magnesium oxide powder, the fine cerium oxide powder and the fine waste silicon-molybdenum rod powder into the mixture A, and continuously mixing for 16-17 min to obtain a mixture B; ageing the mixture B for 15-18 hours, and performing compression molding under the condition of 70-80 MPa to obtain a biscuit; drying the biscuit for 15-18 h at 105-110 ℃; and heating the dried biscuit from room temperature to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 4-5 ℃/min, heating to 1250-1300 ℃ at the speed of 1.5-2 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 3-4 h, cooling along with the furnace, taking out, cutting and grinding to obtain the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash.
The density of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash prepared by the embodiment is 1.6-1.8 g/cm 3 Testing that the emissivity of the element at a wave band of 1-5 mu m is 0.83-0.89 at 1100 ℃ by using a Fourier spectrum emissivity measuring system, preserving the heat for 15min at 1100 ℃, and not cracking after water cooling is repeated for 8-10 times; when the prepared high-temperature infrared directional radiation elements based on the fly ash are arranged on the top of the heating furnace in 49 per square meter, the radiation area of the top of the heating furnace is increased by 1.5-2.2 times, and the arrival rate of the heat radiation to the workpiece is improved by 34-38%.
Example 3
A high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on fly ash and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method in this example is:
the structure of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash is the same as that of the embodiment 1 except for the following technical parameters:
the taper of the truncated cone is 1: 8-9, and the taper of the inverted truncated cone cavity is 1: 15-17.5.
The height difference (H-H) between the cavity of the truncated cone and the cavity of the inverted truncated cone is 1-1.8 cm (1)
The radius difference (R-R) of the circular ring of the upper plane of the truncated cone is 1-1.3 cm (2)
The high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
Figure BDA0003615632470000081
Figure BDA0003615632470000091
the preparation method of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash comprises the following steps:
mixing the raw materials of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash and the content of the raw materials, and mixing the fly ash and the aluminum-zirconium composite sol for 10-12 min to prepare a mixture A; adding the fine magnesite powder, the fine magnesium oxide powder, the fine cerium oxide powder and the fine waste silicon-molybdenum rod powder into the mixture A, and continuously mixing for 17-19 min to obtain a mixture B; ageing the mixture B for 18-21 hours, and performing compression molding under the condition of 80-90 MPa to obtain a biscuit; drying the biscuit for 18-21 h at the temperature of 110-115 ℃; and heating the dried biscuit from room temperature to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 5-6 ℃/min, heating to 1300-1350 ℃ at the speed of 2-2.5 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 4-5 h, cooling along with the furnace, taking out, cutting and grinding to obtain the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash.
The density of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash prepared by the embodiment is 1.4-1.7 g/cm 3 Testing that the emissivity of the element at a wave band of 1-5 mu m is 0.87-0.91 at 1100 ℃ by using a Fourier spectrum emissivity measuring system, preserving the heat for 15min at 1100 ℃, and not cracking after water cooling is repeated for 8-11 times; when 49 high-temperature infrared directional radiation elements based on the fly ash are arranged on the top of the heating furnace per square meter, the radiation area of the top of the heating furnace is increased by 1.7-2.3 times, and the arrival rate of the heat radiation to the workpiece is increased by 37-39%.
Example 4
A high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on fly ash and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method in this example is:
the structure of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash is the same as that of the embodiment 1 except for the following technical parameters:
the taper of the truncated cone is 1: 9-10, and the taper of the inverted truncated cone cavity is 1: 17.5-20.
The height difference (H-H) between the cavity of the truncated cone and the cavity of the inverted truncated cone is 1.6-2.5 cm (1)
The radius difference (R-R) of the circular ring of the upper plane of the truncated cone is 1.2-1.5 cm (2)
The high-temperature infrared directional radiation element comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
Figure BDA0003615632470000101
the preparation method of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash comprises the following steps:
mixing the raw materials of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash and the content of the raw materials, and mixing the fly ash and the aluminum-zirconium composite sol for 12-15 min to prepare a mixture A; adding the fine magnesite powder, the fine magnesium oxide powder, the fine cerium oxide powder and the fine waste silicon-molybdenum rod powder into the mixture A, and continuously mixing for 19-20 min to obtain a mixture B; ageing the mixture B for 21-24 hours, and performing compression molding under the condition of 90-100 MPa to obtain a biscuit; drying the biscuit for 21-24 hours at the temperature of 115-120 ℃; and heating the dried biscuit from room temperature to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 5-6 ℃/min, heating to 1350-1400 ℃ at the speed of 2-2.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 4-5 h, cooling along with the furnace, taking out, cutting and grinding to obtain the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash.
The density of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash prepared by the embodiment is 1.4-1.6 g/cm 3 Testing that the emissivity of the element at a wave band of 1-5 mu m is 0.88-0.92 at 1100 ℃ by using a Fourier spectrum emissivity measuring system, preserving the heat for 15min at 1100 ℃, and not cracking after water cooling is repeated for 9-12 times; when 49 high-temperature infrared directional radiation elements based on the fly ash are arranged on the top of the heating furnace per square meter, the radiation area of the top of the heating furnace is increased by 2.0-2.5 times, and the arrival rate of the heat radiation to the workpiece is increased by 37-40%.
Compared with the prior art, the specific implementation mode has the following beneficial effects:
the main chemical component of the fly ash adopted in the embodiment is Al 2 O 3 And SiO 2 The fly ash, the magnesite fine powder and the magnesia fine powder are mixed and can react to generate a material with cordierite as the main component after being sintered at the temperature of 1200-1400 ℃. Due to the influence of impurities such as Ca, Fe and the like which often exist in the fly ash, the cordierite and the cordierite obtained by the embodiment have certain deviation in theoretical composition, and certain distortion occurs in crystal lattices, so that the prepared high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash (hereinafter referred to as a high-temperature infrared directional radiation element) has high infrared radiance.
In the specific embodiment, cerium oxide fine powder is adopted on the basis of the raw materials, and the Ce is obtained after high-temperature sintering 4+ Into the six-membered ring lattice of cordierite, Ce 4+ Capable of attracting O in two six-membered ring structures above and below cordierite 2- The spacing between the six-membered ring surfaces is reduced; can also attract O in the same six-membered ring 2- Resulting in a reduction in the diameter of the six-membered ring; at the same time Ce 4+ And the same poles repel each other, so that the surface distance of the six-membered ring is increased, the cordierite crystal is distorted, the symmetry of the crystal structure is reduced, the dipole moment is generated, and the crystal lattice infrared activity vibration is enhanced, so that the infrared emissivity of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element at the wave band of 1-5 mu m is further improved.
The waste silicon-molybdenum rod fine powder adopted by the embodiment mainly comprises MoSi 2 。MoSi 2 As an intermetallic compound, the conduction and valence bands have a partial overlap, with a relatively low density of states at the fermi level, which enables free electrons to more easily transition from the valence band to the conduction band; at the same time, MoSi 2 The 4d electron orbit of the Mo atom and the 3p electron orbit of the Si atom form a hybrid orbit, so that the heat radiation performance of the near-infrared band is further improved; further, MoSi 2 The special cordierite has good heat conduction performance, and the heat can be ensured to be rapidly transferred to the surface by superposing the special cordierite, and the special cordierite is converted into infrared radiation to be radiated out. Therefore, the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element prepared by the embodiment has high infrared emissivity in a wave band of 1-5 microns.
The fly ash adopted by the embodiment has light specific gravity, is loose and porous, and contains part of hollow microspheres, the embodiment takes the fly ash as a main raw material, the density of the prepared element biscuit is not high, and the porosity of the material is still high after the element biscuit is sintered by the heat treatment process provided by the embodiment. In addition, the introduced magnesite fine powder can also be decomposed at high temperature to release CO 2 The density of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element is not high, the total porosity is 35-55%, and most of the pores are below 10 mu m. More importantly, at high temperature, infrared rays can be absorbed or reflected in the tiny holes for multiple times, and each reflection can absorb a part of energy, so that the infrared absorption rate of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element is improved. Thus, the internal microporous structure prepared by combining the raw material composition of the embodiment with the heat treatment process schedule ensures high thermal radiation absorptivity of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element. The energy absorbed at high temperature is radiated out again, and finally the energy is opened in the cavity of the inverted cone platformA large amount of infrared radiation is emitted, thereby realizing the directional radiation function.
The high-temperature infrared directional radiation element prepared by the specific embodiment is sintered at high temperature, has low density and is not easy to fall off when being bonded to the top of a kiln; in addition, the main phase of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element is cordierite phase, the expansion coefficient is small, the micropores are more, the thermal shock stability is good, and both the cordierite phase and the micropore are favorable for the safe use of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element at the temperature of more than 1000 ℃ for a long time.
On one hand, the aluminum zirconium composite sol adopted by the specific embodiment can enhance the strength of the biscuit before heat treatment and avoid damage in the preparation process; on the other hand, nano-grade Al is introduced 2 O 3 Can reduce the synthesis temperature of cordierite, further reduce energy consumption, and introduce nano-level ZrO 2 The temperature resistance, the mechanical strength and the thermal shock stability of the element are improved, and the service life of the prepared high-temperature infrared directional radiation element at high temperature is prolonged.
The main raw materials adopted by the embodiment are fly ash and waste silicon-molybdenum rods, which belong to solid wastes in a certain sense and are low in price. The fly ash and the waste silicon-molybdenum rod are mainly prepared by utilizing the fly ash and the waste silicon-molybdenum rod, so that the problem of environmental pollution caused by the fly ash can be avoided, and a new way for high-added-value utilization of the two solid waste raw materials is provided.
The density of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash prepared by the specific embodiment is 1.4-1.8 g/cm 3 Testing that the emissivity of the element at a wave band of 1-5 mu m is 0.8-0.92 by using a Fourier spectrum emissivity measuring system, preserving the heat for 15min at 1100 ℃, and not cracking after water cooling is repeated for 7-12 times; when the prepared high-temperature infrared directional radiation elements based on the fly ash are arranged on the top of the heating furnace in 49 per square meter, the radiation area of the top of the heating furnace is increased by more than 1 time, the arrival rate of the heat radiation to the workpiece is increased by more than 30%, and the heat efficiency of the kiln is further improved.

Claims (8)

1. A preparation method of a high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on fly ash is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the shape of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the coal ash is a truncated cone, and an inverted truncated cone cavity is formed in the upper plane of the truncated cone inwards and coaxially; the taper of the truncated cone is 1: 5-10, and the taper of the inverted truncated cone cavity is 1: 10-20;
the height difference (H-H) between the cavity of the truncated cone and the cavity of the inverted truncated cone is 1-2.5 cm (1)
Radius difference (R-R) of a circular ring of a plane on the truncated cone is 1-1.5 cm (2)
In formulae (1) and (2):
h denotes the height of the truncated cone, cm,
h represents the height of the inverted truncated cone cavity, cm,
r represents the radius of the plane on the truncated cone, cm,
r represents the radius, cm, of the upper plane of the truncated cone cavity;
the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
Figure FDA0003615632460000011
the preparation method of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash comprises the following steps:
according to the raw materials and the content of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash, firstly mixing the fly ash and the aluminum-zirconium composite sol for 5-15 min to prepare a mixture A; adding the fine magnesite powder, the fine magnesium oxide powder, the fine cerium oxide powder and the fine waste silicon-molybdenum rod powder into the mixture A, and continuously mixing for 15-20 min to obtain a mixture B; ageing the mixture B for 12-24 hours, performing compression molding under the condition of 60-100 MPa to obtain a biscuit, and drying the biscuit at the temperature of 100-120 ℃ for 12-24 hours; and heating the dried biscuit from room temperature to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 4-6 ℃/min, heating to 1200-1400 ℃ at the speed of 1.5-2.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 3-5 h, cooling along with the furnace, taking out, cutting and grinding to obtain the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on the fly ash.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the fly ash: al (Al) 2 O 3 The content is more than or equal to 30 wt%, SiO 2 Not less than 50 wt%; the average grain diameter of the fly ash is less than or equal to 150 mu m.
3. The method for preparing a high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on fly ash as claimed in claim 1, wherein the MgO content of the magnesite fine powder is more than or equal to 45 wt%; the average particle size of the magnesite fine powder is less than 74 mu m.
4. The method for preparing a high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on fly ash as claimed in claim 1, wherein the MgO content of the fine magnesium oxide powder is not less than 96%, and the average particle size of the fine magnesium oxide powder is not more than 45 μm.
5. The method for preparing a high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on fly ash as claimed in claim 1, wherein said strontium oxide fine powder of CeO 2 The content is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the average grain diameter of the strontium oxide is less than or equal to 45 mu m.
6. The fly ash-based high-temperature infrared directional radiation element and the preparation method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the average particle size of the waste silicon-molybdenum rod fine powder is less than or equal to 45 μm.
7. The method for preparing a fly ash-based high-temperature infrared directional radiation element according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum zirconium composite sol: ZrO (ZrO) 2 The content is more than or equal to 5 wt%; al (Al) 2 O 3 The content is more than or equal to 10 wt%.
8. A high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on fly ash, which is characterized in that the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on fly ash is prepared according to the preparation method of the high-temperature infrared directional radiation element based on fly ash in any one of claims 1 to 7.
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