CN114890808A - Preparation method of coal gangue sponge brick with sandwich structure - Google Patents

Preparation method of coal gangue sponge brick with sandwich structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114890808A
CN114890808A CN202210541672.8A CN202210541672A CN114890808A CN 114890808 A CN114890808 A CN 114890808A CN 202210541672 A CN202210541672 A CN 202210541672A CN 114890808 A CN114890808 A CN 114890808A
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coal gangue
temperature binder
mesh
content
particles
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CN114890808B (en
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谭训彦
陶寒宇
祝盛盛
许浩
喻可睿
赖富强
章丽红
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Jingdezhen Caiyou Ceramics Co ltd
Jingdezhen Jinhetang Ceramics Co ltd
Jingdezhen Ceramic Institute
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Jingdezhen Caiyou Ceramics Co ltd
Jingdezhen Jinhetang Ceramics Co ltd
Jingdezhen Ceramic Institute
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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a sandwich-structure coal gangue sponge brick, which adopts coal gangue, waste porcelain, low-temperature binder, high-temperature binder and colorant as raw materials, and obtains a sponge brick product after preparing granular materials, mixing ingredients, compression molding, drying and firing. The invention takes a large amount of coal gangue occupying land and polluting environment as main raw materials, and prepares the sponge brick for building the sponge city by ceramic technological means, so that the waste polluting the environment is changed into a high-tech product for improving the environment, and meanwhile, the sponge brick with a sandwich structure is adopted, thereby effectively solving the problem that the strength of coal gangue particles is low during medium-temperature firing. The coal gangue sponge brick prepared by the invention has the remarkable advantages of novel structure, low cost, high strength, good water permeability, moderate water retention property and the like, thereby having wide market prospect.

Description

Preparation method of coal gangue sponge brick with sandwich structure
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of inorganic non-metallic materials (ceramics), and particularly relates to a preparation method of a coal gangue sponge brick with a sandwich structure.
Background
The coal gangue is waste in the coal mining process, the main chemical components are alumina and silicon dioxide, the carbon is contained in a small amount, the main mineral composition is kaolinite, the stacked coal gangue hill not only occupies land resources, but also pollutes the environment, and meanwhile, the stacked coal gangue is wasted in resource storage.
With the proposal of the concept of sponge cities in China, the research and the production of sponge bricks (also called permeable bricks) have a hot tide for a period of time. Mainly comprises two categories of baking-free sponge bricks and sintered sponge bricks, wherein the performance of the sintered sponge bricks is better. The main raw materials of the prior sintered sponge brick can be roughly divided into four categories: fly ash type waste materials, slag type waste materials, sludge type waste materials and ceramic waste materials. The coal gangue is a slag waste, and when the coal gangue is used as a main aggregate for preparing the sponge brick, some problems are encountered, and some coal gangue particles containing less impurities cannot be sintered and compacted, so that the structural strength of the sponge brick is low, the phenomenon of loose and shedding of particles occurs locally, and the use amount of the coal gangue in the sponge brick is greatly limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a preparation method of a sandwich-structure coal gangue sponge brick, which is simple in process, low in cost and convenient for large-scale production.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a preparation method of a coal gangue sponge brick with a sandwich structure is characterized by comprising the following steps: the sponge brick product is prepared by taking coal gangue, waste porcelain, a low-temperature binder, a high-temperature binder and a colorant as raw materials, preparing a granular material, mixing ingredients, pressing and forming, drying and firing.
The process for preparing the granules comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: crushing the coal gangue by using a jaw crusher, sieving by using an 8-mesh sieve, and sieving the sieved material by using a 40-mesh sieve to obtain coal gangue particle material with 8-40 meshes; further sieving by a 20-mesh sieve to obtain 8-20 meshes of oversize coal gangue particles and 20-40 meshes of undersize coal gangue particles respectively;
step two: crushing waste porcelain by using a jaw crusher, sieving by using an 8-mesh sieve, and sieving the sieved material by using a 40-mesh sieve to obtain 8-40-mesh waste porcelain granules; and further sieving by a 20-mesh sieve to obtain 8-20 meshes of waste ceramic granules on the sieve and 20-40 meshes of waste ceramic granules under the sieve respectively.
The step of the mixing and batching process is as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: accurately weighing the prepared coal gangue particles, the waste ceramic particles, the low-temperature binder and the high-temperature binder according to a formula ratio, and mixing the materials in a mixer for 0.5-1 hour to uniformly mix the materials to obtain a bottom layer mixture A, wherein the content of the 20-40-mesh coal gangue particles is 0-30 wt%, the content of the 8-20-mesh or 20-40-mesh waste ceramic particles is 70-100 wt%, the content of the low-temperature binder is 5-8 wt%, and the content of the high-temperature binder is 3-6 wt%;
step two: accurately weighing the prepared coal gangue particles, the waste porcelain particles, the low-temperature binder and the high-temperature binder according to a formula proportion, and mixing in a mixer for 0.5-1 hour to uniformly mix the materials to obtain a main layer mixture B; wherein the content of the 8-20-mesh or 20-40-mesh coal gangue particle material is 60-80 wt%, the content of the 8-20-mesh or 20-40-mesh waste porcelain particle material is 20-40 wt%, the content of the low-temperature binder is 5-8 wt%, and the content of the high-temperature binder is 3-6 wt%;
step three: accurately weighing the prepared coal gangue particles, the waste porcelain particles, the colorant, the low-temperature binder and the high-temperature binder according to a formula proportion, and mixing in a mixer for 0.5-1 hour to uniformly mix to obtain a surface layer mixture C; wherein the content of the 20-40-mesh coal gangue particle material is 0-30 wt%, the content of the 8-20-mesh or 20-40-mesh waste porcelain particle material is 70-100 wt%, the content of the additional colorant is 1-5 wt%, the content of the low-temperature binder is 5-8 wt%, and the content of the high-temperature binder is 3-6 wt%.
The press forming process comprises the following steps:
adding a certain amount of bottom layer mixture A according to the performance parameter requirement of the sponge brick, filling the mixture into a press-forming steel mould, flattening, applying 1MPa pressure on a hydraulic forming machine for light pressing, adding a certain amount of main layer mixture B, filling the mixture into the press-forming steel mould, flattening, applying 1MPa pressure on the hydraulic forming machine for light pressing, finally adding a certain amount of surface layer mixture C, filling the mixture into the press-forming steel mould, flattening, performing press-forming according to preset forming process parameters, wherein the forming pressure is 5MPa, the pressure maintaining time is 15s, and then demolding to obtain a sponge brick green body in a sandwich structure form.
The drying process comprises the following steps: and (3) sending the sponge brick green body into a dryer for drying, wherein the drying temperature is increased from 20 ℃ to 80 ℃ at the speed of 0.5-1 ℃/min.
The firing process comprises the following steps: and (3) feeding the dried sponge brick blank into a tunnel kiln or a shuttle kiln for sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is 1200-1320 ℃, and the heating rate is 30-120 ℃/h.
The low-temperature binder is any one of water glass, 2-4 wt% of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution and 8-10 wt% of polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution.
The high-temperature binder consists of 70-90 wt% of potassium feldspar or/and albite, 1-2 wt% of limestone or calcite, 1-2 wt% of calcined talc, 0.1-2 wt% of glass powder, 2-5 wt% of kaolin, 0-10 wt% of quartz and 0-4 wt% of zinc oxide.
The colorant is metal oxide or water insoluble salt containing transition metal elements such as chromium, iron, cobalt, manganese, etc., or various artificially synthesized medium-high temperature ceramic colorants.
The permeability coefficient of the sponge brick product is 2 multiplied by 10 -2 cm/s, breaking strength of 5MPa or more and water absorption of more than 15 percent.
The coal gangue and waste porcelain granule materials are screened into 8-20 meshes and 20-40 meshes, because the two particle size ranges have obvious influence on the water permeability and the strength of the sponge brick. The sponge bricks with coarse particles have higher water permeability and lower strength, whereas the sponge bricks with fine particles have lower water permeability and higher strength, but meet the performance requirements of national standard GB/T25993-. The particle size distribution of the particles of 8-20 meshes and 20-40 meshes is narrow, and the particle size distribution does not need to be further refined.
The sponge brick product is tested according to a test method required by the national standard GB/T25993-. The observation of a scanning electron microscope shows that the sponge brick sample contains a large number of large pores with the size of more than 1mm and also contains a large number of small pores with the size of less than 0.1 mm.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) changing waste into valuable. The invention takes a large amount of coal gangue occupying land and polluting environment as main raw materials,
the sponge bricks for building the sponge city are made by ceramic science and technology means, and the waste polluting the environment is changed into a high-technology product for improving the environment.
(2) The strength is improved. The sponge brick with a sandwich structure effectively solves the problem of low coal gangue particle strength during medium-temperature firing.
(3) And the fuel consumption is reduced. The combustible materials of the coal gangue are utilized to provide part of heat required during firing, so that the fuel consumption during firing is reduced.
(4) The pore structure is optimized. The composite pore structure is formed by macropores formed by particle grading and micropores formed by combustion of combustible substances of coal gangue particles, so that the water permeability and the water retention of the brick body can be improved, and the contradiction that the strength, the water permeability and the water retention of the sponge brick are mutually restricted is effectively solved.
The coal gangue sponge brick prepared by the method has the remarkable advantages of novel structure, low cost, high strength, good water permeability, moderate water retention property and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram employed in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of a sponge brick product according to the first embodiment.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the following detailed description will be given to the specific implementation manner, method, steps, characteristics and effects of the preparation of the coal gangue sponge brick with a sandwich structure according to the present invention with reference to the preferred embodiments as follows:
the first embodiment is as follows:
the preparation method of the sponge brick with the sandwich structure comprises the following steps:
1. preparing the granular material.
Crushing the coal gangue by using a jaw crusher, sieving by using an 8-mesh sieve, and sieving the sieved material by using a 40-mesh sieve to obtain coal gangue particle material with 8-40 meshes; and further sieving the mixture by a 20-mesh sieve to obtain 8-20-mesh oversize particles and 20-40-mesh undersize particles respectively.
Crushing the ceramic waste by using a jaw crusher, sieving by using an 8-mesh sieve, and then sieving by using a 40-mesh sieve to obtain waste ceramic granules of 8-40 meshes; and further sieving the mixture by a 20-mesh sieve to obtain 8-20-mesh oversize particles and 20-40-mesh undersize particles respectively.
2. Weighing and mixing
Accurately weighing the prepared waste porcelain particles, the low-temperature binder and the high-temperature binder according to the formula proportion, and mixing in a mixer for 0.5 hour to uniformly mix the waste porcelain particles, the low-temperature binder and the high-temperature binder to obtain a mixture A. Wherein the content of the 20-40 mesh coal gangue particles is 30wt%, the content of the 8-20 mesh waste porcelain particles is 70wt%, the content of the low-temperature binder sodium silicate is 8wt%, and the content of the self-made high-temperature binder is 6 wt%.
Accurately weighing the prepared coal gangue particles, the waste porcelain particles, the low-temperature binder and the high-temperature binder according to the formula proportion, and mixing in a mixer for 0.5 hour to uniformly mix the coal gangue particles, the waste porcelain particles, the low-temperature binder and the high-temperature binder to obtain a mixture B. Wherein the content of the coal gangue particles with 8-20 meshes is 60wt%, the waste porcelain particles with 8-20 meshes is 40wt%, the low-temperature binder sodium silicate is added for 5wt%, and the self-made high-temperature binder is 3 wt%.
Accurately weighing the prepared waste porcelain particles, the colorant, the low-temperature binder and the high-temperature binder according to the formula proportion, and mixing in a mixer for 0.5 hour to uniformly mix the waste porcelain particles, the colorant, the low-temperature binder and the high-temperature binder to obtain a mixture C. Wherein the waste porcelain particles with 8-20 meshes account for 100wt%, the colorant cobalt oxide is added for 1wt%, the low-temperature binder water glass accounts for 5wt%, and the self-made high-temperature binder accounts for 3 wt%.
The high-temperature binder consists of 60wt% of potassium feldspar and 30wt% of albite, 1wt% of limestone, 1wt% of calcined talc, 0.1wt% of glass powder and 2wt% of kaolin.
3. Press forming
Weighing a proper amount of the mixture A according to the specification requirement of a product, filling the mixture A into a compression-molded steel mold, flattening, applying 1MPa pressure on a hydraulic molding machine for light pressing, weighing a proper amount of the mixture B, filling the mixture B into the compression-molded steel mold, flattening, applying 1MPa pressure on the hydraulic molding machine for light pressing, weighing a proper amount of the mixture C, filling the mixture C into the compression-molded steel mold, flattening, performing compression molding according to preset molding process parameters, wherein the molding pressure is 5MPa, the pressure maintaining time is 15s, and demolding to obtain a green body in a sandwich structure form.
4. Drying
And (3) feeding the green body into a dryer for fully drying, wherein the drying temperature is gradually increased from 20 ℃ to 80 ℃ at the rate of 0.5 ℃/min, and attention is paid to avoid deformation or cracking of the green body caused by too fast temperature rise or too high temperature rise.
5. Firing into
And (3) feeding the fully dried green body into a tunnel kiln or a shuttle kiln for sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is 1200 ℃, and the heating rate is 30 ℃/h.
The water permeability coefficient of the sponge brick with the sandwich structure prepared by the formula and the process method is 2.5 multiplied by 10 for testing according to the testing method required by the national standard GB/T25993- -2 cm/s, breaking strength of 5.2MPa and water absorption of 17.6 percent.
Example two:
the preparation method of the sponge brick with the sandwich structure comprises the following steps:
1. preparing the granular material.
Crushing the coal gangue by using a jaw crusher, sieving by using an 8-mesh sieve, and sieving the sieved material by using a 40-mesh sieve to obtain coal gangue particle material with 8-40 meshes; and further sieving the mixture by a 20-mesh sieve to obtain 8-20-mesh oversize particles and 20-40-mesh undersize particles respectively.
Crushing the ceramic waste by using a jaw crusher, sieving by using an 8-mesh sieve, and then sieving by using a 40-mesh sieve to obtain waste ceramic granules of 8-40 meshes; and further sieving the mixture by a 20-mesh sieve to obtain 8-20-mesh oversize particles and 20-40-mesh undersize particles respectively.
2. Weighing and mixing
Accurately weighing the prepared waste porcelain particles, the low-temperature binder and the high-temperature binder according to the formula proportion, and mixing in a mixer for 1 hour to uniformly mix the waste porcelain particles, the low-temperature binder and the high-temperature binder to obtain a mixture A. Wherein the waste porcelain particles of 20-40 meshes account for 100wt%, the CMC solution with the concentration of 2.5wt% of the low-temperature binder is added for 6.5wt%, and the self-made high-temperature binder accounts for 3 wt%.
Accurately weighing the prepared coal gangue particles, the waste porcelain particles, the low-temperature binder and the high-temperature binder according to the formula proportion, and mixing in a mixer for 1 hour to uniformly mix the coal gangue particles, the waste porcelain particles, the low-temperature binder and the high-temperature binder to obtain a mixture B. Wherein the content of the coal gangue particles with 8-20 meshes is 80wt%, the waste porcelain particles with 20-40 meshes is 20wt%, 8wt% of CMC solution with the concentration of 2.5wt% of the low-temperature binder is added, and 6wt% of the self-made high-temperature binder is added.
Accurately weighing the prepared waste porcelain particles, the colorant, the low-temperature binder and the high-temperature binder according to the formula proportion, and mixing in a mixer for 1 hour to uniformly mix the waste porcelain particles, the colorant, the low-temperature binder and the high-temperature binder to obtain a mixture C. Wherein the content of the 20-40 mesh coal gangue particles is 30wt%, the content of the 8-20 mesh waste porcelain particles is 70wt%, the content of the colorant-coated red pigment is 4wt%, the content of the low-temperature binder is 2.5wt% of CMC solution is 7wt%, and the content of the self-made high-temperature binder is 5 wt%.
The high-temperature binder consists of 55wt% of potassium feldspar and 20wt% of albite, 2wt% of calcite, 2wt% of calcined talc, 2wt% of glass powder, 5wt% of kaolin, 10wt% of quartz and 4wt% of zinc oxide.
3. Press forming
Weighing a proper amount of the mixture A according to the specification requirement of a product, filling the mixture A into a compression-molded steel mold, flattening, applying 1MPa pressure on a hydraulic molding machine for light pressing, weighing a proper amount of the mixture B, filling the mixture B into the compression-molded steel mold, flattening, applying 1MPa pressure on the hydraulic molding machine for light pressing, weighing a proper amount of the mixture C, filling the mixture C into the compression-molded steel mold, flattening, performing compression molding according to preset molding process parameters, wherein the molding pressure is 5MPa, the pressure maintaining time is 15s, and demolding to obtain a green body in a sandwich structure form.
4. Drying
And (3) feeding the green body into a dryer for fully drying, gradually raising the drying temperature from 20 ℃ to 80 ℃ according to 1 ℃/min, and taking care to avoid deformation or cracking of the green body caused by too fast temperature rise or too high temperature.
5. Firing into
And (3) feeding the fully dried green body into a tunnel kiln or a shuttle kiln for sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is 1320 ℃. The temperature rise rate was 120 ℃/h.
The permeability coefficient of the sponge brick with the sandwich structure prepared by the formula and the process method is 2.0 multiplied by 10 for testing according to the testing method required by the national standard GB/T25993- -2 cm/s, the breaking strength is 6.5MPa, and the water absorption is 15.1 percent.
Example three:
the preparation method of the sponge brick with the sandwich structure comprises the following steps:
1. preparing the granular material.
Crushing the coal gangue by using a jaw crusher, sieving by using an 8-mesh sieve, and sieving the sieved material by using a 40-mesh sieve to obtain coal gangue particle material with 8-40 meshes; and further sieving the mixture by a 20-mesh sieve to obtain 8-20-mesh oversize particles and 20-40-mesh undersize particles respectively.
Crushing the ceramic waste by using a jaw crusher, sieving by using an 8-mesh sieve, and then sieving by using a 40-mesh sieve to obtain waste ceramic granules of 8-40 meshes; and further sieving the mixture by a 20-mesh sieve to obtain 8-20-mesh oversize particles and 20-40-mesh undersize particles respectively.
2. Weighing and mixing
Accurately weighing the prepared waste porcelain particles, the low-temperature binder and the high-temperature binder according to the formula proportion, and mixing in a mixer for 0.7 hour to uniformly mix the waste porcelain particles, the low-temperature binder and the high-temperature binder to obtain a mixture A. Wherein the content of the coal gangue particles of 20-40 meshes is 15wt%, the waste porcelain particles of 20-40 meshes are 85wt%, the concentration of the added low-temperature binder is 6.5wt% of PVA solution with 10wt%, and the concentration of the self-made high-temperature binder is 4.5 wt%.
Accurately weighing the prepared coal gangue particles, the waste porcelain particles, the low-temperature binder and the high-temperature binder according to the formula proportion, and mixing in a mixer for 0.7 hour to uniformly mix the coal gangue particles, the waste porcelain particles, the low-temperature binder and the high-temperature binder to obtain a mixture B. Wherein the content of the 8-20-mesh coal gangue particles is 70wt%, the content of the 8-20-mesh waste porcelain particles is 30wt%, 8wt% of PVA solution with the low-temperature binder concentration of 10wt% is added, and 5wt% of the self-made high-temperature binder.
Accurately weighing the prepared waste porcelain particles, the colorant, the low-temperature binder and the high-temperature binder according to the formula proportion, and mixing in a mixer for 0.7 hour to uniformly mix the waste porcelain particles, the colorant, the low-temperature binder and the high-temperature binder to obtain a mixture C. Wherein the content of the 8-20 mesh coal gangue particles is 15wt%, the content of the 20-40 mesh waste porcelain particles is 85wt%, the content of the colorant-coated yellow material is 4wt%, the concentration of the low-temperature binder is 10wt% of PVA solution is 6.5wt%, and the content of the self-made high-temperature binder is 4.5 wt%.
The high-temperature binder consists of 85wt% of potash feldspar, 1.5wt% of calcite, 1wt% of calcined talc, 0.5wt% of glass powder, 4wt% of kaolin, 6wt% of quartz and 2wt% of zinc oxide.
3. Press forming
Weighing a proper amount of the mixture A according to the specification requirement of a product, filling the mixture A into a compression-molded steel mold, flattening, applying 1MPa pressure on a hydraulic molding machine for light pressing, weighing a proper amount of the mixture B, filling the mixture B into the compression-molded steel mold, flattening, applying 1MPa pressure on the hydraulic molding machine for light pressing, weighing a proper amount of the mixture C, filling the mixture C into the compression-molded steel mold, flattening, performing compression molding according to preset molding process parameters, wherein the molding pressure is 5MPa, the pressure maintaining time is 15s, and demolding to obtain a green body in a sandwich structure form.
4. Drying
And (3) feeding the green body into a dryer for fully drying, wherein the drying temperature is gradually increased from 20 ℃ to 80 ℃ at the rate of 0.8 ℃/min, and attention is paid to avoid deformation or cracking of the green body caused by too fast temperature rise or too high temperature rise.
5. Firing into
And (3) feeding the fully dried green body into a tunnel kiln or a shuttle kiln for sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is 1260 ℃, and the heating rate is 70 ℃/h.
The water permeability coefficient of the sponge brick with the sandwich structure prepared by the formula and the process method is 2.2 multiplied by 10 for testing according to the testing method required by the national standard GB/T25993- -2 cm/s, breaking strength of 5.8MPa and water absorption of 16.2 percent.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention in laboratory or small scale production, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the technical solution and the inventive concept thereof according to the present invention should be equally replaced or changed within the scope of the present invention. For example, the compression molding pressure during mass production is 20-100 MPa, the mixing time is 1-4 hours, the drying temperature is 50-120 ℃, and the changes are within the reasonable range of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of a coal gangue sponge brick with a sandwich structure is characterized by comprising the following steps: the sponge brick product is prepared by taking coal gangue, waste porcelain, a low-temperature binder, a high-temperature binder and a colorant as raw materials and performing preparation of granules, mixing of ingredients, compression molding, drying and firing.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of preparing the granules comprises:
the method comprises the following steps: crushing the coal gangue by using a jaw crusher, sieving by using an 8-mesh sieve, and sieving the sieved material by using a 40-mesh sieve to obtain coal gangue particle material with 8-40 meshes; further sieving by a 20-mesh sieve to obtain 8-20 meshes of oversize coal gangue particles and 20-40 meshes of undersize coal gangue particles respectively;
step two: crushing waste porcelain by using a jaw crusher, sieving by using an 8-mesh sieve, and sieving the sieved material by using a 40-mesh sieve to obtain 8-40-mesh waste porcelain granules; and further sieving by a 20-mesh sieve to obtain 8-20 meshes of waste ceramic granules on the sieve and 20-40 meshes of waste ceramic granules under the sieve respectively.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of mixing ingredients comprises:
the method comprises the following steps: accurately weighing the prepared coal gangue particles, the waste ceramic particles, the low-temperature binder and the high-temperature binder according to a formula ratio, and mixing the materials in a mixer for 0.5-1 hour to uniformly mix the materials to obtain a bottom layer mixture A, wherein the content of the 20-40-mesh coal gangue particles is 0-30 wt%, the content of the 8-20-mesh or 20-40-mesh waste ceramic particles is 70-100 wt%, the content of the low-temperature binder is 5-8 wt%, and the content of the high-temperature binder is 3-6 wt%;
step two: accurately weighing the prepared coal gangue particles, the waste porcelain particles, the low-temperature binder and the high-temperature binder according to a formula proportion, and mixing in a mixer for 0.5-1 hour to uniformly mix the materials to obtain a main layer mixture B; wherein the content of the 8-20-mesh or 20-40-mesh coal gangue particle material is 60-80 wt%, the content of the 8-20-mesh or 20-40-mesh waste porcelain particle material is 20-40 wt%, the content of the low-temperature binder is 5-8 wt%, and the content of the high-temperature binder is 3-6 wt%;
step three: accurately weighing the prepared coal gangue particles, the waste porcelain particles, the colorant, the low-temperature binder and the high-temperature binder according to a formula proportion, and mixing in a mixer for 0.5-1 hour to uniformly mix to obtain a surface layer mixture C; wherein the content of the 20-40-mesh coal gangue particle material is 0-30 wt%, the content of the 8-20-mesh or 20-40-mesh waste porcelain particle material is 70-100 wt%, the content of the additional colorant is 1-5 wt%, the content of the low-temperature binder is 5-8 wt%, and the content of the high-temperature binder is 3-6 wt%.
4. The manufacturing method according to claim 3, wherein the press molding process comprises the steps of:
adding a certain amount of bottom layer mixture A according to the performance parameter requirement of the sponge brick, filling the mixture into a press-forming steel mould, flattening, applying 1MPa pressure on a hydraulic forming machine for light pressing, adding a certain amount of main layer mixture B, filling the mixture into the press-forming steel mould, flattening, applying 1MPa pressure on the hydraulic forming machine for light pressing, finally adding a certain amount of surface layer mixture C, filling the mixture into the press-forming steel mould, flattening, performing press-forming according to preset forming process parameters, wherein the forming pressure is 5MPa, the pressure maintaining time is 15s, and then demolding to obtain a sponge brick green body in a sandwich structure form.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the drying step comprises: and (3) sending the sponge brick green body into a dryer for drying, wherein the drying temperature is increased from 20 ℃ to 80 ℃ at the speed of 0.5-1 ℃/min.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the firing step comprises: and (3) feeding the dried sponge brick blank into a tunnel kiln or a shuttle kiln for sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is 1200-1320 ℃, and the heating rate is 30-120 ℃/h.
7. The method according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the low-temperature binder is any one of water glass, 2 to 4wt% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution, and 8 to 10wt% polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution.
8. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the high-temperature binder comprises 70-90 wt% of potassium feldspar or/and sodium feldspar, 1-2 wt% of limestone or calcite, 1-2 wt% of calcined talc, 0.1-2 wt% of glass powder, 2-5 wt% of kaolin, 0-10 wt% of quartz and 0-4 wt% of zinc oxide.
9. The method according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the coloring agent is a metal oxide or a water-insoluble salt containing a transition metal element such as chromium, iron, cobalt, manganese, or a synthetic medium-high temperature ceramic pigment.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the sponge brick product has a water permeability coefficient of 2 x 10 -2 cm/s, breaking strength of 5MPa or more and water absorption of more than 15 percent.
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CN106082914A (en) * 2016-06-20 2016-11-09 安徽金丰新型建材有限公司 The gangue of a kind of light weight high intensity is non-burning brick
CN206396067U (en) * 2016-10-09 2017-08-11 李桂萍 A kind of ceramic post sintering water-permeable brick
CN108083768A (en) * 2017-12-22 2018-05-29 广东科达洁能股份有限公司 A kind of sintering brick permeable to water produced using gangue and preparation method thereof
CN108165231A (en) * 2018-01-12 2018-06-15 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 It is a kind of to be used for high temperature resistant binder used for sealing electronic device and preparation method thereof
CN108249951A (en) * 2018-02-07 2018-07-06 广东英超陶瓷有限公司 A kind of preparation method for the water-permeable brick that changes colour
CN108395205A (en) * 2018-02-07 2018-08-14 广东英超陶瓷有限公司 A kind of preparation method of water-permeable brick
CN113816724A (en) * 2021-10-19 2021-12-21 山西富鸿科技开发有限公司 Coal gangue sandstone sponge brick and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106082914A (en) * 2016-06-20 2016-11-09 安徽金丰新型建材有限公司 The gangue of a kind of light weight high intensity is non-burning brick
CN206396067U (en) * 2016-10-09 2017-08-11 李桂萍 A kind of ceramic post sintering water-permeable brick
CN108083768A (en) * 2017-12-22 2018-05-29 广东科达洁能股份有限公司 A kind of sintering brick permeable to water produced using gangue and preparation method thereof
CN108165231A (en) * 2018-01-12 2018-06-15 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 It is a kind of to be used for high temperature resistant binder used for sealing electronic device and preparation method thereof
CN108249951A (en) * 2018-02-07 2018-07-06 广东英超陶瓷有限公司 A kind of preparation method for the water-permeable brick that changes colour
CN108395205A (en) * 2018-02-07 2018-08-14 广东英超陶瓷有限公司 A kind of preparation method of water-permeable brick
CN113816724A (en) * 2021-10-19 2021-12-21 山西富鸿科技开发有限公司 Coal gangue sandstone sponge brick and preparation method thereof

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