CN114890642B - Livestock and poultry manure water fermentation treatment process - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a livestock and poultry dung fermentation treatment process, which relates to the field of livestock and poultry dung treatment.A fermentation tank is arranged in different bins, so that dung in different periods can be fermented separately, waste residues can be cleaned according to the time sequence, the condition that the mixed newer dung is cleaned without being fermented is avoided, and the dung utilization rate and the fermentation effect are improved; the stirring pipe is used for replacing the conventional stirring rod to stir, and hot water generated by the constant temperature device can be introduced into the stirring pipe, so that the liquid dung can be heated in the stirring process, and the heating efficiency and the heating uniformity are improved; the temperature control assembly controls the starting and closing of the water pump and the motor by utilizing the principle of expansion with heat and contraction with cold, so that the temperature of the liquid dung is controlled, the normally closed contact switch is triggered when the temperature is too high, the power-on loop of the electromagnet is disconnected, the temperature of the liquid dung is not increased, the liquid dung is subjected to constant temperature regulation, the condition that a temperature sensor is used to be out of order easily is avoided, the control is simple, the fault rate is low, and the cost is low.

Description

Livestock and poultry manure water fermentation treatment process

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of livestock and poultry dung treatment, in particular to a livestock and poultry dung fermentation treatment process.

Background

The fermentation tank of livestock and poultry excrement and urine that has now need once only to drop into a large amount of excrement and urine when using usually, can also continuously add new excrement and urine among the fermentation process, and still clear up the waste residue after the original fermentation in the fermentation tank, the excrement and urine hybrid processing of different output time can influence final fermentation effect on the one hand, excrement and urine after on the other hand mixes is when clearing up the waste residue, unable pointed clearance originally falls, but take out the excrement and urine after partly mixing of a brain, this just makes partial excrement and urine that does not participate in the fermentation can be cleared up in advance, still can leak partial complete excrement and urine of fermenting, thereby make the effect of excrement and urine fermentation and the output of marsh gas receive the influence.

In addition excrement and urine needs suitable temperature, detect in most as to the liquid dung with temperature sensor in current fermentation cylinder, then utilize the control computer to collect information, carry out constant temperature heating to the liquid dung through some heating device at last, because temperature sensor is in the liquid dung for a long time, can receive the corruption occasionally, the malfunctioning condition appears, in case the temperature imbalance in the fermentation cylinder, will lead to the fungus class to die, influence the effect of fermentation, the most simple structure of current heating device, the heating effect is unsatisfactory, and need extra heating source, the energy consumption is higher.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a livestock and poultry manure water fermentation treatment process to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology.

A fermentation treatment process of livestock and poultry manure water comprises the following steps:

s1, proportionally mixing liquid dung, straws and a leavening agent to form a leavening, and then putting the leavening into a fermentation tank in batches according to the output time of excrement for fermentation, wherein two partition plates are arranged in the fermentation tank and divide the fermentation tank into an upper bin, a middle bin and a lower bin;

s2, putting the first batch of fermented materials into a warehouse for fermentation for 2 days;

s3, transferring the fermented materials in the upper bin to a middle bin, adding a second batch of fermented materials into the upper bin, and fermenting the upper bin and the middle bin for 2 days;

and S4, transferring the fermented product in the middle bin to the lower bin, and then repeating the step S3, so that the fermented product exists in the upper bin, the middle bin and the lower bin, and the fermented time of the fermented product is sequentially increased by 2 days from top to bottom.

S5, fermenting for a plurality of days at constant temperature through a constant temperature device, stirring periodically by a stirring device in the fermentation tank in the process, storing methane generated by fermentation into a gas storage tank in the process,

s6, taking out residues of the fermented materials in the lower bin, using the residues to produce fertilizers, transferring the fermented materials in the middle bin to the lower bin, transferring the fermented materials in the upper bin to the middle bin, and adding new fermented materials to the upper bin;

s6, repeating the step S6 every 2 days until the fermentation material in the fermentation tank is completely replaced, and finishing one-time complete fermentation by using the liquid dung in the fermentation tank.

Preferably, the top of fermentation cylinder is equipped with the cover, be equipped with the dog-house of taking sealing door on the cover, the bottom of fermentation cylinder is equipped with the discharge gate, be equipped with the transportation mouth on the division board, discharge gate and transportation mouth department all are equipped with electronic valve, still be equipped with the permeability cell on the division board.

Preferably, agitating unit includes stirred tubular and motor, stirred tubular all rotates with cover, division board and fermentation cylinder to be connected, and its both ends extend the fermentation cylinder, be equipped with three-section helical blade and three scraper blade on the stirred tubular, it is three stirring blade is located upper bin, well storehouse and lower storehouse respectively, the scraper blade is located the discharge gate and transports the top of mouthful, the top fixedly connected with driven gear of stirred tubular, the output shaft fixedly connected with driving gear of motor, driving gear and driven gear meshing.

Preferably, constant temperature equipment includes water tank, water pump, gas heater and gas holder, the water tank passes through the water pump and is connected with gas heater's the end of intaking, gas heater's play water end is passed through the inlet tube and the rotary joint is connected with the top of agitator pipe, rotary joint and outlet pipe backward flow to the water tank are passed through to the bottom of agitator pipe, the air inlet of gas holder is connected with the gas outlet at cover top, the gas outlet of gas holder is connected with gas heater's air feed end, the water pump is opened and is closed through temperature control assembly control.

Preferably, the temperature control assembly comprises a glass tube, the upper half part of the glass tube extends into the lower bin, the bottom end of the glass tube extends out of the fermentation tank, a piston is connected in the glass tube in a sealing and sliding manner, alcohol is arranged in the glass tube and above the piston, a driving rod is fixedly connected to the piston, the driving rod is connected with the glass tube in a sliding manner and extends downwards out of the glass tube, a first spring is sleeved on the driving rod between the piston and the glass tube, a pressing plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the driving rod, a trigger device is arranged above the pressing plate, and a normally closed contact switch is arranged below the pressing plate; when the pressing plate is in contact with the trigger device, the water pump is started, and when the pressing plate is in contact with the normally closed contact switch, the water pump is closed.

Preferably, trigger device includes shell body, electro-magnet and spliced pole, spliced pole and shell body sliding connection, from last to fixedly connected with adsorbs the iron sheet and switch on the iron sheet down on the spliced pole, the inside of shell body and the top that is located to switch on the iron sheet are equipped with two and connect the electric post, connect the electric post to establish ties in water pump and agitator motor's circular telegram return circuit for the start-up and the closing of control water pump and motor, the electro-magnet locate adsorb the top of iron sheet and with shell body fixed connection, be equipped with spring two between adsorbing the top in iron sheet and the shell body, the spliced pole extends the shell body downwards, connect the electric post still to establish ties in the circular telegram return circuit of electro-magnet, be used for the start-up and the closing of control electro-magnet, normally closed contact switch also establishes ties in the circular telegram return circuit of electro-magnet.

The invention has the advantages that:

the fermentation tanks are arranged in different bins, so that excrement in different periods can be fermented separately, and the waste residues can be cleaned according to the time sequence, so that the condition that the mixed newer liquid dung is cleaned without being fermented is avoided, and the utilization rate of the liquid dung and the fermentation effect are improved;

the stirring pipe is used for replacing the conventional stirring rod to stir, and hot water generated by the constant temperature device can be led into the stirring pipe, so that heat is dissipated to the stirring pipe and the spiral blades, and the liquid dung can be heated in the stirring process, and the heating efficiency and the heating uniformity are improved;

temperature control unit utilizes expend with heat and contract with cold principle to drive the actuating lever and rises and descend, can shift up the drive when low temperature and switch on the iron sheet switch-on post, the electro-magnet is electrified can be absorbed the absorption iron sheet, the power connection post continuously switches on, make the electro-magnet continuously electrified, water pump and motor keep starting, thereby drive the stirred tube and the blade is rotatory when pouring into hydrothermal to the stirred tube circulation, the temperature of excrement water risees rapidly, trigger normally closed contact switch when the high temperature, the circular telegram return circuit of disconnection electro-magnet, the excrement water temperature is not rising, thereby carry out constant temperature control to the excrement water, the easy malfunctioning condition of use temperature sensor has been avoided, and control is simple, the fault rate is low, and the cost is also low.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a fermenter;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at B;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the water and gas circuit circulation of the thermostat;

fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of the temperature control component controlling the motor and the water pump.

In the figure: 1-a fermentation tank, 11-a discharge port, 1 a-an upper bin, 1 b-a middle bin, 1 c-a lower bin, 2-a partition plate and 21-a transfer port;

3-a constant temperature device, 31-a water tank, 32-a water pump, 33-a gas water heater and 34-a gas storage tank;

4-stirring device, 41-stirring pipe, 42-motor, 43-helical blade, 44-scraper, 45-driven gear and 46-driving gear;

5-a tank cover, 51-a feeding port, 52-an air outlet and 6-a vent pipe;

7-temperature control component, 71-glass tube, 72-piston, 73-alcohol, 74-driving rod, 75-spring I, 76-pressing plate, 77-trigger device, 771-outer shell, 772-electromagnet, 773-adsorption iron sheet, 774-connecting column, 775-connecting column, 776-spring II, 777-conduction iron sheet and 78-normally closed contact switch.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the livestock and poultry manure water fermentation treatment process comprises the following steps:

s1, proportionally mixing liquid dung, straws and a leavening agent to form a leavening, and then putting the leavening into a fermentation tank 1 in batches according to the output time of excrement for fermentation, wherein two partition plates 2 are arranged in the fermentation tank 1, and the fermentation tank 1 is divided into an upper bin 1a, a middle bin 1b and a lower bin 1c by the partition plates 2;

s2, putting the first batch of fermented materials into the upper bin 1a for fermentation for 2 days;

s3, transferring the fermented substance in the upper bin 1a to the middle bin 1b, adding a second batch of fermented substance to the upper bin 1a, and fermenting the upper bin 1a and the middle bin 1b for 2 days together;

and S4, transferring the fermented materials in the middle bin 1b to the lower bin 1c, and then repeating the step S3, so that the fermented materials exist in the upper bin 1a, the middle bin 1b and the lower bin 1c, and the fermented time of the fermented materials is increased by 2 days from top to bottom.

S5, fermenting for a plurality of days at constant temperature through the constant temperature device 3, periodically stirring by the stirring device 4 in the fermentation tank 1 in the process, storing biogas generated by fermentation into the gas storage tank 34 in the process,

s6, taking out residues of the fermentation products in the lower bin 1c for manufacturing fertilizers, transferring the fermentation products in the middle bin 1b to the lower bin 1c, transferring the fermentation products in the upper bin 1a to the middle bin 1b, and adding new fermentation products to the upper bin 1 a;

s6, repeating the step S6 every 2 days until the fermentation material in the fermentation tank 1 is completely replaced, and finishing one-time complete fermentation by using the liquid dung in the fermentation tank 1.

In this embodiment, the top of fermentation cylinder 1 is equipped with cover 5, be equipped with the dog-house 51 of taking the sealing door on cover 5, the bottom of fermentation cylinder 1 is equipped with discharge gate 11, be equipped with on the division board 2 and transport mouthful 21, discharge gate 11 and transport mouthful 21 department all are equipped with electronic valve for open and seal discharge gate 11 and transport mouthful 21, still be equipped with permeability cell 6 on the division board 2. Biogas generated by fermentation enters the upper bin 1a through the vent pipe 6 and enters the gas storage tank 34 from the gas outlet for storage.

In this embodiment, agitating unit 4 includes stirred tube 41 and motor 42, stirred tube 41 all rotates with cover 5, division board 2 and fermentation cylinder 1 and is connected, and its both ends extend fermentation cylinder 1, be equipped with three-section helical blade 43 and three scraper blade 44 on stirred tube 41, three stirring blade is located upper bunker 1a, well storehouse 1b and lower storehouse 1c respectively, scraper blade 44 is located the top of discharge gate 11 and transportation mouth 21, and stirred tube 41 can drive scraper blade 44 and rotate and arrange the lower floor with the interior liquid dung of storehouse. The top end of the stirring pipe 41 is fixedly connected with a driven gear 45, the output shaft of the motor 42 is fixedly connected with a driving gear 46, and the driving gear 46 is meshed with the driven gear 45.

In this embodiment, constant temperature equipment 3 includes water tank 31, water pump 32, gas heater 33 and gas holder 34, the outside of water tank 31 is equipped with the heat preservation, water tank 31 passes through water pump 32 and is connected with the end of intaking of gas heater 33, the water outlet end of gas heater 33 is connected with the top of agitator pipe 41 through inlet tube and rotary joint, rotary joint and outlet pipe backward flow to water tank 31 are passed through to the bottom of agitator pipe 41, the air inlet of gas holder 34 is connected with the gas outlet 52 at 5 tops of cover, the gas outlet of gas holder 34 is connected with the air feed end of gas heater 33, and when rotary joint can guarantee that agitator pipe 41 is rotatory, keeps the intercommunication in hot water return circuit, water pump 32 opens and closes through temperature control assembly 7 control.

In this embodiment, the temperature control assembly 7 includes a glass tube 71, the upper half portion of the glass tube 71 extends into the lower chamber 1c, and the bottom end of the glass tube 71 extends out of the fermentation tank 1, a piston 72 is hermetically and slidably connected in the glass tube 71, an alcohol 73 is disposed in the glass tube 71 and above the piston 72, a driving rod 74 is fixedly connected to the piston 72, the driving rod 74 is slidably connected to the glass tube 71 and extends downward out of the glass tube 71, a spring 75 is sleeved on the driving rod 74 between the piston 72 and the glass tube 71, the bottom end of the driving rod 74 is fixedly connected to a pressing plate 76, a triggering device 77 is disposed above the pressing plate 76, and a normally closed contact switch 78 is disposed below the pressing plate 76; the water pump 32 is started when the pressing plate 76 contacts the trigger 77, and the water pump 32 is stopped when the pressing plate 76 contacts the normally closed contact switch 78. The trigger device 77 and the normally closed contact switch 78 are both fixedly connected to the glass tube 71.

In this embodiment, the triggering device 77 includes an outer shell 771, an electromagnet 772 and a connecting column 774, the connecting column 774 is slidably connected with the outer shell 771, the connecting column 774 is fixedly connected with an adsorption iron sheet 773 and a conduction iron sheet 777 from top to bottom, two electric connection columns 775 are arranged inside the outer shell 771 and above the conduction iron sheet 777, the electric connection columns 775 are connected in series in an energization loop of the water pump 32 and the stirring motor 42 and used for controlling the starting and the closing of the water pump 32 and the motor 42, when the two electric connection columns 775 are connected, the water pump 32 and the motor 42 are started and switched off, the motor 42 is also provided with another independent control circuit which can be used for periodically starting and stirring, the electromagnet is arranged above the adsorption iron sheet 773 and fixedly connected with the outer shell 771, a second spring 776 is arranged between the adsorption iron sheet 773 and the top inside the outer shell 771, the connecting column 774 extends out of the outer shell 771, the electromagnet 775 is also connected in series in an energization loop of the electromagnet 772 and used for controlling the starting and switching of the normally closed contact 772, and the electromagnet 772 is also connected in series with the electromagnet 772, and the current of the electromagnet 772 is reduced.

The working process and the principle thereof are as follows:

the fermentation tanks 1 are arranged in different bins, so that excrement in different periods can be fermented separately, and waste residues can be cleaned according to the time sequence, the condition that the mixed newer liquid dung is cleaned without being fermented is avoided, and the utilization rate of the liquid dung and the fermentation effect are improved; biogas generated by fermentation enters the upper bin 1a through the vent pipe 6 and enters the gas storage tank 34 from the gas outlet for storage.

When the liquid dung needs to be stirred, the motor 42 is started to drive the stirring pipe 41 to rotate, so that the spiral blade 43 is driven to stir the liquid dung. When the fermented liquid dung is required to be transferred to the middle bin 1b from the upper bin 1a, the transfer port 21 is opened, the fermented liquid dung in the upper bin 1a can be transferred to the middle bin 1b by matching with the rotating scraper 44, the transfer port 21 of the middle bin 1b is kept closed in the transfer process, and the fermented liquid dung in the middle bin 1b can be transferred to the lower bin 1c in the same way, and finally the waste residues are discharged from the discharge port 11 of the lower bin 1 c.

The temperature control assembly 7 utilizes the principle of thermal expansion and cold contraction, when the temperature of the liquid dung is low, the volume of alcohol 73 in the glass tube 71 is reduced, the acting force of the alcohol 73 on the piston 72 is reduced, the first spring 75 releases pressure, the elastic force upwards drives the driving rod 74 to ascend, the lifting connecting column 774 is moved to drive the conducting iron sheet 777 and the adsorbing iron sheet 773 to move upwards, the conducting iron sheet 777 is communicated with the connecting column 775, the electromagnet 772 is powered on and then absorbs the adsorbing iron sheet 773, the connecting column 775 is continuously powered on, the water pump 32 and the motor 42 are kept started, the water pump 32 in the water tank 31 is driven into the gas water heater 33 by the water pump 32 to be heated, the gas water heater 33 utilizes the methane generated by fermentation as a combustion source, the methane can be fully utilized, other energy sources are not required to be additionally used, and the problem of methane waste caused by excessive methane and full load of the gas storage tank 34 is reduced.

The hot water after the heating pours into the stirred tube 41, flows back like the water tank 31 from the stirred tube 41 bottom again to on giving off the heat to stirred tube 41 and helical blade 43, stirred tube 41 and blade are rotatory, make the in-process of stirring can heat the liquid dung, improved heating efficiency and heating homogeneity.

When the temperature is too high, the normally closed contact switch 78 is triggered, the power-on loop of the electromagnet 772 is disconnected, the temperature of the liquid dung is not increased any more, the constant temperature adjustment of the liquid dung is realized, and the condition that a temperature sensor is easy to malfunction is avoided.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The embodiments disclosed above are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. All changes which come within the scope of or are equivalent to the scope of the invention are intended to be embraced therein.

Claims (3)

1. A livestock and poultry manure water fermentation treatment process is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, proportionally mixing liquid dung, straws and a leavening agent to form a leavening, and then putting the leavening into a fermentation tank (1) in batches according to the production time of excrement for fermentation, wherein two partition plates (2) are arranged in the fermentation tank (1), and the fermentation tank (1) is divided into an upper bin (1 a), a middle bin (1 b) and a lower bin (1 c) by the partition plates (2);

s2, putting the first batch of fermented materials into an upper bin (1 a) for fermentation for 2 days;

s3, transferring the fermented product in the upper bin (1 a) to the middle bin (1 b), adding a second batch of fermented product to the upper bin (1 a), and fermenting the upper bin (1 a) and the middle bin (1 b) for 2 days;

s4, transferring the fermented substances in the middle bin (1 b) to the lower bin (1 c), and then repeating the step S3 to ensure that the fermented substances exist in the upper bin (1 a), the middle bin (1 b) and the lower bin (1 c), and the fermented time of the fermented substances is sequentially increased by 2 days from top to bottom;

s5, fermenting for a plurality of days at constant temperature through the constant temperature device (3), stirring periodically by the stirring device (4) in the fermentation tank (1) in the process, and storing biogas generated by fermentation into the gas storage tank (34) in the process;

s6, taking out residues of the fermented substances in the lower bin (1 c) for manufacturing fertilizers, transferring the fermented substances in the middle bin (1 b) to the lower bin (1 c), transferring the fermented substances in the upper bin (1 a) to the middle bin (1 b), and adding new fermented substances to the upper bin (1 a);

s6, repeating the step S6 every 2 days until the fermented substance in the fermentation tank (1) is completely replaced, and finishing one-time complete fermentation by using the liquid dung in the fermentation tank (1);

the constant temperature device (3) comprises a water tank (31), a water pump (32), a gas water heater (33) and a gas storage tank (34), wherein the water tank (31) is connected with the water inlet end of the gas water heater (33) through the water pump (32), the water outlet end of the gas water heater (33) is connected with the top end of a stirring pipe (41) through a water inlet pipe and a rotary joint, the bottom end of the stirring pipe (41) reflows to the water tank (31) through the rotary joint and a water outlet pipe, the gas inlet of the gas storage tank (34) is connected with a gas outlet (52) at the top of a tank cover (5), the gas outlet of the gas storage tank (34) is connected with the gas supply end of the gas water heater (33), and the water pump (32) is controlled to be opened and closed through a temperature control component (7);

the temperature control assembly (7) comprises a glass tube (71), the upper half part of the glass tube (71) extends into the lower bin (1 c), the bottom end of the glass tube extends out of the fermentation tank (1), a piston (72) is connected in the glass tube (71) in a sealing and sliding mode, alcohol (73) is arranged in the glass tube (71) and above the piston (72), a driving rod (74) is fixedly connected to the piston (72), the driving rod (74) is connected with the glass tube (71) in a sliding mode and extends out of the glass tube (71) downwards, a first spring (75) is sleeved on the driving rod (74) between the piston (72) and the glass tube (71), a pressing plate (76) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the driving rod (74), a trigger device (77) is arranged above the pressing plate (76), and a normally closed contact switch (78) is arranged below the pressing plate (76); when the pressure plate (76) is in contact with the trigger device (77), the water pump (32) is started, and when the pressure plate (76) is in contact with the normally closed contact switch (78), the water pump (32) is closed;

trigger device (77) include shell body (771), electro-magnet (772) and spliced pole (774), spliced pole (774) and shell body (771) sliding connection, from last fixedly connected with adsorbs iron sheet (773) and switch on iron sheet (777) down on spliced pole (774), the inside of shell body (771) just is located the top that switches on iron sheet (777) and is equipped with two connection posts (775), connection posts (775) are established ties in the circular telegram return circuit of water pump (32) and agitator motor (42) for the start-up and the closing of control water pump (32) and motor (42), the electro-magnet is located the top of adsorbing iron sheet (773) and with shell body (771) fixed connection, be equipped with spring two (776) between adsorbing iron sheet (773) and shell body (771) interior top, connection posts (774) extend down outer shell body (771), connection posts (775) still establish ties in the electric current-passing return circuit of electro-magnet (772), be used for control contact (772) and close in the switch also in the electric-magnet (78) that switches on the series connection.

2. The livestock and poultry manure fermentation treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that a tank cover (5) is arranged at the top of the fermentation tank (1), a feeding port (51) with a sealing door is arranged on the tank cover (5), a discharging port (11) is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation tank (1), a transfer port (21) is arranged on the partition plate (2), electric valves are arranged at the discharging port (11) and the transfer port (21), and a vent pipe (6) is further arranged on the partition plate (2).

3. The livestock and poultry manure fermentation treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that the stirring device (4) comprises a stirring pipe (41) and a motor (42), the stirring pipe (41) is rotatably connected with the tank cover (5), the partition plate (2) and the fermentation tank (1), two ends of the stirring pipe extend out of the fermentation tank (1), three sections of helical blades (43) and three scraping plates (44) are arranged on the stirring pipe (41), the three helical blades are respectively positioned in the upper bin (1 a), the middle bin (1 b) and the lower bin (1 c), the scraping plates (44) are positioned above the discharge port (11) and the transfer port (21), a driven gear (45) is fixedly connected to the top end of the stirring pipe (41), a driving gear (46) is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the motor (42), and the driving gear (46) is meshed with the driven gear (45).

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