CN114889372B - Judgment method and application of tension and compression state of rubber material at tire bead part - Google Patents

Judgment method and application of tension and compression state of rubber material at tire bead part Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114889372B
CN114889372B CN202210562061.1A CN202210562061A CN114889372B CN 114889372 B CN114889372 B CN 114889372B CN 202210562061 A CN202210562061 A CN 202210562061A CN 114889372 B CN114889372 B CN 114889372B
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tire
rubber material
units
bead
rubber
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CN114889372A (en
Inventor
崔志博
王剑波
胡德斌
杨和涛
郭磊磊
王丹灵
张建军
黄大业
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Zhongce Rubber Group Co Ltd
Hangzhou Haichao Rubber Co Ltd
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Zhongce Rubber Group Co Ltd
Hangzhou Haichao Rubber Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • B60C99/006—Computer aided tyre design or simulation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
    • G06F30/15—Vehicle, aircraft or watercraft design
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
    • G06F2119/14—Force analysis or force optimisation, e.g. static or dynamic forces
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computational Mathematics (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
  • Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
  • Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
  • Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tire simulation design, in particular to a method for judging the tension and compression state of a rubber material at a tire bead part, application and a computer program product. The invention can obtain the pulling and pressing state and amplitude of the rubber material at the tire bead through the two-dimensional calculation, and does not need to carry out three-dimensional simulation analysis. The method mainly utilizes the property of the reinforcing material which is only subjected to axial force, the reinforcing unit is arranged in the non-reinforcing part, the mechanical property of the reinforcing unit is weak, the calculation result is not greatly influenced, and then the pulling and pressing state and the amplitude of the rubber material are judged through the axial stress state of the reinforcing unit arranged in the non-reinforcing part. The method realizes the rapid judgment of the pulling and pressing state of the tire bead part and provides guidance for determining the reasonable position of the tire body turnup end point.

Description

Judgment method and application of tension and compression state of rubber material at tire bead part
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tire simulation design, in particular to a method for judging the tension and compression state of a rubber material at a tire bead part, application and a computer program product.
Background
The tyre is used as the only part of the automobile contacting with the road surface, one of the main functions is bearing, the tyre is alternately deformed under the action of load, and the rubber material is subject to mechanical or thermo-mechanical fatigue damage. In particular, for all-steel radial tires, the carcass reinforcing material is steel wire, although copper plating is performed on the surface of the steel wire, the steel wire can be connected with rubber in a stronger effect (the bonding strength of copper and the rubber material is higher), but the cutting end of the steel wire is made of steel material (the bonding strength of steel and the rubber material is lower) and is relatively sharp, when the design is unreasonable, the carcass turnup steel wire can bear compressive force, so that the sharp end pierces the rubber material at the end of the carcass turnup steel wire, alternate piercing effect is generated when the tire rolls, larger cracks are generated on the rubber at the end, and the cracks are quickly expanded to the surface of the tire along with the action of shearing force, namely mechanical fatigue damage. The tire has a very short life if it is purely mechanically fatigued, and a relatively long life if it is thermally fatigued, so that the tire is designed to avoid purely mechanical fatigued as much as possible. The tire mechanical fatigue damage is mainly caused by the fact that the tire body turnup steel wire material is compressed, the magnitude of the tire body turnup compression force is directly related to the position of the tire body turnup steel wire material, and therefore a reasonable tire body turnup position needs to be determined.
There are currently two main approaches to determine the reasonable location of the carcass turn-up end point: (1) empirical method. Designing and manufacturing tires for multiple times according to experience, and carrying out multiple times of improvement according to feedback results of the endurance test; (2) And analyzing the schemes by using a simulation method, and comparing the scheme results to determine a reasonable carcass turn-up position. The experience method has the advantages of long period, high cost and the like, and the repeated grid division and analysis are needed in the multiple simulation method, so that the period is longer. If a state in which the rubber material of the bead portion is pulled and pressed can be obtained, the carcass turnup end can be designed in a non-compressed region or a region in which compression is small. Because the tire rubber materials are stressed in complex states and are in three-dimensional stress states, the tensile and compressive states of the tire rubber materials are difficult to judge through simple stress and strain states.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the application patent provides a method for rapidly judging the pulling and pressing state of rubber materials at the tire bead part, which can rapidly judge the pulling and pressing state of the tire bead part and provide guidance for determining the reasonable tire body turn-up end point position.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for judging the tension and compression state of rubber materials at tire bead positions comprises the following steps:
step 1, meshing a tire material distribution diagram
Dividing a rubber component of the tire containing the reinforcing material into two-dimensional quadrilateral units, and dividing other rubber material components into quadrilateral or triangular units; a rubber material part at the bead part divided into quadrangular units with a width smaller than 0.5 mm; drawing one-dimensional units among all quadrilateral units of the tire bead part to represent reinforcing materials;
step 2, imparting material properties to the tire material
Endowing the rubber material of each component with corresponding material properties including modulus and poisson ratio according to experimental test results; imparting material properties to the reinforcement material according to laboratory test results, including modulus and poisson's ratio; imparting material properties to reinforcement units in a component that is otherwise devoid of reinforcement: modulus is 0.1MPa, poisson's ratio is 0.49; wherein the rubber material units are arranged as axisymmetric solid units, and the reinforcing material units are arranged as axisymmetric surface units;
step 3, establishing a rim and a road surface rigid body
Drawing and analyzing the surface of the rigid body according to a standard rim adapted to an actual tire, drawing a one-dimensional straight rigid body to represent a road surface, and keeping the distance between the road surface and the nearest point of the tire model by 1mm;
step 4, performing two-dimensional inflation analysis on the tire section
Filling rated air pressure on the inner surface of a cavity of the two-dimensional tire model;
step 5, tire load analysis
Moving the road surface rigid body to the tire direction by a certain distance, wherein the distance is determined according to the difference value between the tire load radius under the rated load specified in the standard and the actual tire inflation radius;
step 6, analyzing the pulling and pressing state of the rubber material at the tire bead
The stress in the material direction of the reinforcing material provided in the rubber material unit at the bead is extracted, the rubber material is in a compressed state if the stress is negative, in a stretched state if it is positive, and in an unstressed state if it is zero.
Preferably, the reinforcing material in the step 2 includes a carcass steel wire material, a belt layer, a cap ply and other reinforcing materials.
Preferably, the standard in the step 5 is a China tire rim valve standard yearbook, ETRTO, TRA or JRA.
Preferably, the rubber component containing the reinforcing material is a first belt layer, a second belt layer, a carcass, a first cap ply layer and a second cap ply layer; other rubber material components are tread, base stock, bead wire, inner liner, sidewall stock, bead filler and apex.
Preferably, the imparting material properties to the tire material are as follows:
part name Modulus of material MPa Poisson's ratio Density 10 -9 t/mm 3
Carcass body 2 0.49 1
Bead protection rubber 3 0.49 1
Inner liner layer 2 0.49 1
Base adhesive 3.5 0.49 1
Crown ply 3 0.49 1
Second belt ply 3 0.49 1
First belt ply 3 0.49 1
Tire tread 4 0.49 1
Sidewall of a tire 3 0.49 1
Triangular glue 8 0.49 1
Bead ring 21000 0.3 7
Cap ply skeleton 1000 0.3 1.2
Carcass framework 2000 0.3 1.2
Belt skeleton 100000 0.3 6
Further, the invention also provides application of the method in tire simulation design; preferably in the simulation design of radial tires.
Preferably, the tire simulation design is a design of a carcass turn-up end point position.
Further, the invention also provides a computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory, the processor executing the computer program to implement the method.
Further, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program or instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the method.
Further, the invention also provides a computer program product comprising a computer program or instructions which, when executed by a processor, implements the method.
By adopting the technical scheme, the tension and compression state and amplitude of the rubber material at the tire bead can be obtained through the two-dimensional calculation, and three-dimensional simulation analysis is not needed. The method mainly utilizes the property of the reinforcing material which is only subjected to axial force, the reinforcing unit is arranged in the non-reinforcing part, the mechanical property of the reinforcing unit is weak, the calculation result cannot be greatly influenced, and then the pulling and pressing state and the amplitude of the rubber material are judged through the axial stress state of the reinforcing unit arranged in the non-reinforcing part. The method realizes the rapid judgment of the pulling and pressing state of the tire bead part and provides guidance for determining the reasonable position of the tire body turnup end point.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a 19570R15 tire material distribution diagram.
FIG. 2 is a 19570R15 tire cross-sectional grid and material components.
FIG. 3 shows the pneumatic deformation of the 19570R15 tire.
Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional circumferential meshing result of the 19570R15 tire.
Fig. 5 is 21550R15 tire three-dimensional load results and direction identification.
Fig. 6 is a graph showing the partial stress values of the tire component unit in the second step.
Fig. 7 is a graph showing the partial strain values of the tire component unit in the second step.
Fig. 8 is a tire after tire load deformation.
Fig. 9 is a drawing and pressing state diagram of rubber material at the bead.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: the present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation is given, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Taking 19570R15 tire as an example:
in a first step, the tire material distribution map (fig. 1) is grid-partitioned. The rubber components of the tire containing the reinforcing material are divided into two-dimensional quadrangular units (belt layer one, belt layer two, carcass, cap ply one, cap ply two in this embodiment), and the other rubber material components are divided into quadrangular or triangular units (tread, base rubber, bead filler, inner liner, sidewall rubber, bead filler, apex in this embodiment), as shown in fig. 2. The rubber material member at the bead portion (from the center of the sidewall to the upper end of the bead ring) is divided into quadrangular units having a width dimension (as shown in fig. 3) of 0.2mm to 0.5mm, and one-dimensional units are drawn between the portion containing the reinforcing material (belt layer one, belt layer two, carcass, cap layer one, cap layer two, as shown in fig. 4) and all the quadrangular units at the bead portion to represent the reinforcing material (as shown in fig. 5).
In a second step, material properties are imparted to the tire material. The rubber materials of the respective parts were given corresponding material properties including modulus and poisson ratio according to the experimental test results, and the reinforcing materials such as carcass wire materials, belt layers and cap layers were given material properties including modulus and poisson ratio according to the laboratory test results, as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Part name Modulus of material MPa Poisson's ratio Density 10 -9 t/mm 3
Carcass body 2 0.49 1
Bead protection rubber 3 0.49 1
Inner liner layer 2 0.49 1
Base adhesive 3.5 0.49 1
Crown ply 3 0.49 1
Second belt ply 3 0.49 1
First belt ply 3 0.49 1
Tire tread 4 0.49 1
Sidewall of a tire 3 0.49 1
Triangular glue 8 0.49 1
Bead ring 21000 0.3 7
Cap ply skeleton 1000 0.3 1.2
Carcass framework 2000 0.3 1.2
Belt skeleton 100000 0.3 6
Imparting material properties to reinforcement units in a component that is otherwise devoid of reinforcement: modulus is 0.1MPa and Poisson's ratio is 0.49. The present embodiment uses Abaqus analysis software in which rubber material units are set as axisymmetric solid units, unit types are CGAX4H and CGAX3H, reinforcement material units are set as axisymmetric surface units, and unit type is SFMGAX1.
And thirdly, establishing a rim and a road rigid body. And drawing and analyzing the surface of the rigid body according to a standard rim adapted to the actual tire, drawing a one-dimensional straight rigid body to represent the road surface, and enabling the distance between the road surface and the nearest point of the tire model to be 1mm, as shown in fig. 6.
And fourthly, performing two-dimensional inflation analysis on the tire section. The inner surface of the cavity of the two-dimensional tire model is filled with rated air pressure of 0.4MPa (as shown in figure 7).
Fifth, tire load analysis. The road surface rigid body is moved to the tire direction by a certain distance, which is determined according to the difference 31mm between the tire load radius 305mm and the actual tire inflation radius 336mm under the rated load specified in the standard annual inspection of the rim valve of the China tire in the embodiment, and the deformed tire is shown in figure 8.
Sixth, analyzing the pulling and pressing state of the rubber material at the tire bead. The stress in the material direction of the reinforcing material provided in the rubber material unit at the bead is extracted, the rubber material is in a compressed state if the stress is a negative value, in a stretched state if the stress is a positive value, and in an unstressed state if the value is zero, as shown in fig. 9.
The pulling and pressing state of the rubber material at the tire bead part can be obtained through the calculation process, and as can be seen from the result (fig. 9), the side part of the apex is basically in a compressed state, if the carcass turnup end of the tire is designed in the compressed region, the carcass turnup steel wire can bear compressive force, so that the sharp end pierces the rubber material at the end of the carcass turnup steel wire, alternate piercing action is generated when the tire rolls, larger cracks are quickly generated at the end of the tire, and the cracks are quickly expanded to the surface of the tire along with the action of shearing force, so that quick mechanical fatigue damage is generated. By lowering the carcass turnup position to the stretched area of this example, experiments demonstrated a 60% improvement in durability. This demonstrates the advancement and applicability of the present invention.
In the foregoing, the present invention is merely preferred embodiments, which are based on different implementations of the overall concept of the invention, and the protection scope of the invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily come within the technical scope of the present invention as those skilled in the art should not fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (8)

1. The method is characterized in that the method is used for tire simulation design, and the tire simulation design is the design of the position of the tire body turn-up end point; the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, meshing a tire material distribution diagram
Dividing a rubber component of the tire containing the reinforcing material into two-dimensional quadrilateral units, and dividing other rubber material components into quadrilateral or triangular units; a rubber material part at the bead part divided into quadrangular units with a width smaller than 0.5 mm; drawing one-dimensional units among all quadrilateral units of the tire bead part to represent reinforcing materials;
step 2, imparting material properties to the tire material
Endowing the rubber material of each component with corresponding material properties including modulus and poisson ratio according to experimental test results; imparting material properties to the reinforcement material according to laboratory test results, including modulus and poisson's ratio; imparting material properties to reinforcement units in a component that is otherwise devoid of reinforcement: modulus is 0.1MPa, poisson's ratio is 0.49; wherein the rubber material units are arranged as axisymmetric solid units, and the reinforcing material units are arranged as axisymmetric surface units;
step 3, establishing a rim and a road surface rigid body
Drawing and analyzing the surface of the rigid body according to a standard rim adapted to an actual tire, drawing a one-dimensional straight rigid body to represent a road surface, and keeping the distance between the road surface and the nearest point of the tire model by 1mm;
step 4, performing two-dimensional inflation analysis on the tire section
Filling rated air pressure on the inner surface of a cavity of the two-dimensional tire model;
step 5, tire load analysis
Moving the road surface rigid body to the tire direction by a certain distance, wherein the distance is determined according to the difference value between the tire load radius under the rated load specified in the standard and the actual tire inflation radius;
step 6, analyzing the pulling and pressing state of the rubber material at the tire bead
The stress in the material direction of the reinforcing material provided in the rubber material unit at the bead is extracted, the rubber material is in a compressed state if the stress is negative, in a stretched state if it is positive, and in an unstressed state if it is zero.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing material in step 2 comprises a carcass wire material, a belt layer and a cap ply.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the standard in the step 5 is a standard yearbook, ETRTO, TRA or JRA of a valve of a rim of a tire.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the rubber member containing the reinforcing material is a first belt layer, a second belt layer, a carcass, a first cap ply layer and a second cap ply layer; other rubber material components are tread, base stock, bead wire, inner liner, sidewall stock, bead filler and apex.
5. The method for determining a state of tension and compression of a rubber material in a bead portion of a tire according to claim 1, wherein the following material properties are imparted to the tire material:
part name Modulus of material MPa Poisson's ratio Density 10 -9 t/mm 3 Carcass body 2 0.49 1 Bead protection rubber 3 0.49 1 Inner liner layer 2 0.49 1 Base adhesive 3.5 0.49 1 Crown ply 3 0.49 1 Second belt ply 3 0.49 1 First belt ply 3 0.49 1 Tire tread 4 0.49 1 Sidewall of a tire 3 0.49 1 Triangular glue 8 0.49 1 Bead ring 21000 0.3 7 Cap ply skeleton 1000 0.3 1.2 Carcass framework 2000 0.3 1.2 Belt skeleton 100000 0.3 6
。
6. The method for judging the tension and compression state of a rubber material at a tire bead portion according to claim 1, wherein the method is used for radial tire simulation design.
7. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory, characterized in that the processor executes the computer program to implement the method of any of claims 1-6.
8. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program or instructions, which when executed by a processor, implements the method of any of claims 1-6.
CN202210562061.1A 2022-05-23 2022-05-23 Judgment method and application of tension and compression state of rubber material at tire bead part Active CN114889372B (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014141164A (en) * 2013-01-23 2014-08-07 Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd Tire simulation method
CN114297891A (en) * 2021-12-27 2022-04-08 中策橡胶集团股份有限公司 Method, device and computer program for calculating ratio of bending energy to compression energy of tread
CN114297890A (en) * 2021-12-27 2022-04-08 中策橡胶集团股份有限公司 Tire modal simulation method, device and program based on rubber material equivalent density calculation
CN114297892A (en) * 2021-12-27 2022-04-08 中策橡胶集团股份有限公司 Method, device and program for detailed analysis of contribution of tire deformation mode to rolling resistance

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10994578B2 (en) * 2015-09-14 2021-05-04 Jiangsu University Method for improving production process for wide-base truck radial tire

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014141164A (en) * 2013-01-23 2014-08-07 Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd Tire simulation method
CN114297891A (en) * 2021-12-27 2022-04-08 中策橡胶集团股份有限公司 Method, device and computer program for calculating ratio of bending energy to compression energy of tread
CN114297890A (en) * 2021-12-27 2022-04-08 中策橡胶集团股份有限公司 Tire modal simulation method, device and program based on rubber material equivalent density calculation
CN114297892A (en) * 2021-12-27 2022-04-08 中策橡胶集团股份有限公司 Method, device and program for detailed analysis of contribution of tire deformation mode to rolling resistance

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