CN114889122A - 一种基于微液滴发生器阵列的3d打印装置 - Google Patents

一种基于微液滴发生器阵列的3d打印装置 Download PDF

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CN114889122A
CN114889122A CN202210354050.4A CN202210354050A CN114889122A CN 114889122 A CN114889122 A CN 114889122A CN 202210354050 A CN202210354050 A CN 202210354050A CN 114889122 A CN114889122 A CN 114889122A
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micro
printing
needle tubing
communicated
droplet generator
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姜再兴
纪媛
井晶
张大伟
董继东
吴亚东
马丽娜
李冰
高国林
杨伟涛
黄玉东
白永平
邵路
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Abstract

一种基于微液滴发生器阵列的3D打印装置，为了解决现有技术打印大幅面的工件，需要庞大的打印机及打印时间长的问题。本发明的激光器、安装板和打印平台由上至下水平设置，激光器安装在安装臂的底部，安装臂与立柱固定连接，安装板安装在转动机构的底部，转动机构与立柱铰接，立柱与工作箱体固定连接，打印平台安装在升降机构的升降杆上，升降机构安装在工作箱体的内部，微液滴发生器位于安装板与打印平台之间，安装板内部设置有输液孔，微液滴发生器通过输料管与输液孔连通，输液管的一端与输液孔连通，输液管的另一端与缓冲瓶连通，缓冲瓶通过管路与原料箱连通。本发明可同时打印多种材料组成的物体，多个打印头同时工作可大大缩短打印时间。

Description

一种基于微液滴发生器阵列的3D打印装置
技术领域
本发明属于3D打印机技术领域，具体涉及一种基于微液滴发生器阵列的3D打印装置。
背景技术
3D打印(3DP)是快速成型技术的一种，又称增材制造，它是一种以数字模型文件为基础，通过逐层打印的方式将树脂、凝胶、金属等材料构造成物体的技术。3D打印技术突破传统切削加工方式，是一种成长式的加工方式，大大提高了材料利用率，提高了材料的精度和制造的可控性，是颠覆传统制造方式的革命性制造技术。该技术在工业造型、包装、制造、建筑、艺术、医学、航空、航天和影视等多个领域得到良好的应用。微液滴3D打印目前单点式进料，由打印头点到线再到面的方式进行打印，这种打印方式效率较低，打印较大尺寸的物体耗时过长，限制了3D打印在实际中的应用。近年，有人发明多个打印头同时打印，这种方法会使得打印机过于庞大复杂，打印机中能够容纳的喷头组件数并不多，对于超大尺寸打印机，该方案依然需要较长时间才能完成打印任务。
发明内容
本发明为了解决现有技术打印大幅面的工件，需要庞大的打印机及打印时间长的问题，提供了一种基于微液滴发生器阵列的3D打印装置。
本发明为解决上述问题而采用的技术方案是：
一种基于微液滴发生器阵列的3D打印装置，其组成包括工作箱体、升降机构、打印平台、转动机构、激光器、安装臂、立柱、原料箱、缓冲瓶、安装板、微液滴发生器、输料管、输液管和管路，激光器、安装板和打印平台由上至下水平设置，激光器安装在安装臂的底部，安装臂与立柱固定连接，安装板安装在转动机构的底部，转动机构与立柱铰接，立柱与工作箱体固定连接，打印平台安装在升降机构的升降杆上，升降机构安装在工作箱体的内部，微液滴发生器位于安装板与打印平台之间，安装板内部设置有输液孔，微液滴发生器通过输料管与输液孔连通，输液管的一端与输液孔连通，输液管的另一端与缓冲瓶连通，缓冲瓶通过管路与原料箱连通。
优选的，所述微液滴发生器包括支撑板、四个支撑杆、数个针管和数个电磁阀，支撑板上设置有的数个针管安装孔，数个针管安装孔呈阵列布置，数个针管与数个针管安装孔一一对应，针管设置在针管安装孔中，数个电磁阀与数个针管一一对应，且电磁阀套装在针管上，电磁阀与计算机控制器电性连接，支撑板通过支撑杆焊接在安装板上，四个支撑杆分别在设置在安装板底部四角位置。
优选的，所述针管的直径为10μm-500μm。
优选的，所述管路上安装有开关阀。
所述缓冲瓶上部装有活塞。
优选的，原料箱中装有数个原料瓶。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
1.本发明可提供一种多打印针头组成的微液滴矩阵3D打印机，该打印机可同时打印多种材料组成的物体，多个打印头同时工作可大大缩短打印时间，并且有持续供料系统，大体积打印物可被一次打印成型而无需中途手动加料。
2.由于本发明是通过微液滴发生器制备了微液滴发生器阵列，可以实现加工幅面的无限拓展，因此，本发明对大幅面的成型工件进行面式供料、扫描成型，能够对大幅面大尺寸的产品进行高效、精准的成型制作，提高成型速率、减少制作过程中所耗费的时间，大大提高了工作效率。
3.微液滴发生器针管的直径可根据打印精度等打印需求进行更换。此外，微液滴发生器针管的容量可根据所需的打印物体体积大小等要求来确定。
4.本发明装置简单、易于操控，适用范围广，粉体、液体、凝胶等各种形态打印材料。可用于直写(DIW)、激光固化(SLA)等多种3D打印成型方式。本发明装置适用于所有带有可磁吸的液体、凝胶等打印材质。
5.本发明可使料液挤出量精度更高，打印供料系统完全封闭，堵绝外漏，使用安全。打印平台是由电磁铁做制而成的，通电时该打印平台具有磁性，可将挤出的磁性微液滴料液可控地吸附在打印平台上。打印落点比通过气动控制的打印落点更加精确、代替了气路驱动，节省气体的使用，节省成本。供料系统中可根据实际需求添加多个原料瓶，本设备可实现多材质的微液滴的3D打印。
附图说明
图1是本发明的整体结构正视图；
图2是微液滴发生器16的结构示意图；
图3是微液滴发生器16的俯视图；
图4是电磁阀162与针管161的连接示意图；
图5是料液供给过程示意图；
图6是本发明的整体结构正视剖视图；
图7是图6中B局部放大立体图；
图8是图1中A局部放大图；
图9是本发明的整体结构侧视剖视图；
图10是图9中C局部放大图。
具体实施方式
具体实施方式一：结合图1～图10描述本实施方式，本实施方式包括工作箱体1、升降机构2、打印平台3、转动机构4、激光器5、安装臂6、立柱7、原料箱8、缓冲瓶11、安装板15、微液滴发生器16、输料管17、输液管18和管路19，激光器5、安装板15和打印平台3由上至下水平设置，激光器5安装在安装臂6的底部，安装臂6与立柱7固定连接，安装板15安装在转动机构4的底部，转动机构4与立柱7铰接，立柱7与工作箱体1固定连接，打印平台3安装在升降机构2的升降杆201上，升降机构2安装在工作箱体1内部，微液滴发生器16位于安装板15与打印平台3之间，安装板15内部设置有输液孔151，微液滴发生器16通过输料管17与输液孔151连通，输料管17安装在安装板15中，输液管18的一端与输液孔151连通，输液管18的另一端与缓冲瓶11连通，缓冲瓶11通过管路19与原料箱8连通。微液滴发生器16包括支撑板163、四个支撑杆164、数个针管161和数个电磁阀162，支撑板163上设置有的数个针管安装孔1631，数个针管安装孔1631呈阵列布置，数个针管161与数个针管安装孔1631一一对应，针管161设置在针管安装孔1631中，数个电磁阀162与数个针管161一一对应，且电磁阀162套装在针管161上，电磁阀162与计算机控制器9电性连接，支撑板163通过支撑杆164焊接在安装板15上，四个支撑杆164分别在设置在安装板15底部四角位置。针管161的直径为10μm-500μm。管路19上安装有开关阀191。缓冲瓶11上部装有活塞。原料箱8中装有数个原料瓶，且原料瓶上也有活塞，通过活塞控制出料。工作箱体1底部四角位置分别焊接有支撑腿12，有利于支撑设备，升降机构2包括升降杆201、升降板202、导向杆203、底座204、伺服电机205、丝杆206、蜗轮207、轴承座208、第一从动锥齿轮209、蜗杆210、第一主动锥齿轮211、转轴212和第一固定块213，工作箱体1内部底面一侧安装有底座204，且底座204顶部安装有伺服电机205，伺服电机205输出端套接固定有第一主动锥齿轮211，且第一主动锥齿轮211外圆周啮合有第一从动锥齿轮209，第一从动锥齿轮209中心固定贯穿有转轴212，且转轴212两端分别转动连接有第一固定块213，第一固定块213对称安装在工作箱体1内部底面一侧，转轴212中心套接固定有蜗杆210，且蜗杆210外圆周一侧啮合有蜗轮207，蜗轮207中心贯穿有丝杆206，且丝杆206上部活动套接有升降板202，升降板202与丝杆206通过滚珠螺母配合连接，且丝杆206两端分别转动连接有轴承座208，轴承座208对称安装在工作箱体1内部顶面与底面，升降板202顶部中心安装有升降杆201，且升降杆201中下部活动贯穿工作箱体1顶部另一侧，升降杆201顶部安装有打印平台3，升降板202四角位置分别活动贯穿有导向杆203，且导向杆203顶部与底部分别与工作箱体1内部顶面与底面四处固定连接，有利于通过导向杆203保证升降板202的运动方向。立柱7中上部一侧开设有半弧形槽13，且半弧形槽13内部安装有转动机构4，转动机构4包括转动块401、转动臂402、限位轴承403、连接杆404、固定轴405、第二固定块406、第二从动锥齿轮407、垫块408、第二主动锥齿轮409和驱动电机410，半弧形槽13内部转动连接有转动块401，且转动块401一侧安装有转动臂402，转动臂402贯穿半弧形槽13，转动块401顶部与底部中心分别安装有连接杆404，且两个连接杆404外圆周分别套接固定有限位轴承403，限位轴承403外圆周分别与立柱7内圆周焊接，转动块401底部的连接杆404的底部中心安装有固定轴405，且固定轴405中心活动贯穿工作箱体1顶部一侧，固定轴405底端固定连接有第二从动锥齿轮407，且第二从动锥齿轮407外圆周与第二主动锥齿轮409外圆周啮合，第二主动锥齿轮409安装在驱动电机410输出端，且驱动电机410底部固定连接有垫块408，垫块408固定连接在工作箱体1内部底面另一侧，固定轴405中心活动套接有第二固定块406，且第二固定块406与固定轴405转动连接，第二固定块406安装在工作箱体1内部顶面一侧，转动臂402底部安装有安装板15。
本发明工作原理：本发明在使用过程中，首先将足够的打印料液放入原料箱8中(即将原料箱8中的数个原料瓶内放置足够的打印料液)，并将打印平台3调整到最高位置；随后在计算机中用3D建模软件制作模型，利用不用颜色设定打印体中不同材质的需求，利用软件将三维模型切片为面模型，发送到3D打印设备的计算机控制器9中；打印模型的颜色与各原料瓶相对应，打印机软件中通过识别模型中的不同颜色来启动原料箱8中不同原料瓶的开关阀191；打印时，当第一料瓶a需要出料时，开启第一料瓶a的开关阀191，第二料瓶b和第三料瓶c的开关阀191均关闭；当料瓶a中的料进入缓冲瓶11后，料瓶a的开关阀191关闭，再通过挤压缓冲瓶11内液体，将原料挤入所需的料瓶a对应的针管161中，料瓶a中的料液出料结束后，开启料瓶b的开关阀191，后续步骤与出料瓶a的原料相同，料瓶b中的料液出料结束后，开启料瓶c的开关阀191，以此类推，其他种类料液进入针管中。打印开始，需出料的针管161由管外的电磁阀162控制挤出一定的料液量，打印平台3为具有电磁性的平台，打印平台3通电后，打印平台3产生磁性作用，将针头处的液滴精准地吸附到打印平台3上，逐层打印直至打印结束，至此，完成微液滴发生器阵列的3D打印。
打印过程中的，升降机构2的工作原理：打开伺服电机205，伺服电机205输出端开始转动，随后带动第一主动锥齿轮211转动，继而带动第一从动锥齿轮209，随后带动转轴212转动，然后带动蜗杆210转动，继而带动蜗轮207转动，从而带动丝杆206转动，然后带动升降板202沿着导向杆203向上运动，随后带动升降杆201向上运动，随即带动打印平台3向上运动，直至打印平台3运动到最高点为止。
转动机构4的工作原理：打开驱动电机410，驱动电机410输出端开始转动，随后带动第二主动锥齿轮409转动，然后带动第二从动锥齿轮407转动，随后带动固定轴405转动，从而带动连接杆404转动，然后带动转动块401转动，随后带动转动臂402转动，然后带动安装板15，微液滴发生器16随之转动，当进行SLA3D打印时，料液滴落在打印平台3后，安装板15转动90°，开启激光器5后，激光器5可直接照射到打印平台3上，完成打印料液的光固化。每一层打印结束后，打印平台3将下降一层，直到打印结束。
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。

Claims (6)

1.一种基于微液滴发生器阵列的3D打印装置，所述装置包括工作箱体(1)、升降机构(2)、打印平台(3)、转动机构(4)、激光器(5)、安装臂(6)、立柱(7)、原料箱(8)、缓冲瓶(11)、安装板(15)、微液滴发生器(16)、输料管(17)、输液管(18)和管路(19)，激光器(5)、安装板(15)和打印平台(3)由上至下水平设置，激光器(5)安装在安装臂(6)的底部，安装臂(6)与立柱(7)固定连接，安装板(15)安装在转动机构(4)的底部，转动机构(4)与立柱(7)铰接，立柱(7)与工作箱体(1)固定连接，打印平台(3)安装在升降机构(2)的升降杆(201)上，升降机构(2)安装在工作箱体(1)内部，其特征在于：微液滴发生器(16)位于安装板(15)与打印平台(3)之间，安装板(15)内部设置有输液孔(151)，微液滴发生器(16)通过输料管(17)与输液孔(151)连通，输液管(18)的一端与输液孔(151)连通，输液管(18)的另一端与缓冲瓶(11)连通，缓冲瓶(11)通过管路(19)与原料箱(8)连通。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于微液滴发生器阵列的3D打印装置，其特征在于：所述微液滴发生器(16)包括支撑板(163)、四个支撑杆(164)、数个针管(161)和数个电磁阀(162)，支撑板(163)上设置有的数个针管安装孔(1631)，数个针管安装孔(1631)呈阵列布置，数个针管(161)与数个针管安装孔(1631)一一对应，针管(161)设置在针管安装孔(1631)中，数个电磁阀(162)与数个针管(161)一一对应，且电磁阀(162)套装在针管(161)上，电磁阀(162)与计算机控制器(9)电性连接，支撑板(163)通过支撑杆(164)焊接在安装板(15)上，四个支撑杆(164)分别在设置在安装板(15)底部四角位置。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种基于微液滴发生器阵列的3D打印装置，其特征在于：所述针管(161)的直径为10μm-500μm。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的一种基于微液滴发生器阵列的3D打印装置，其特征在于：所述管路(19)上安装有开关阀(191)。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种基于微液滴发生器阵列的3D打印装置，其特征在于：所述缓冲瓶(11)上部装有活塞。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种基于微液滴发生器阵列的3D打印装置，其特征在于：原料箱(8)中装有数个原料瓶。
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