CN114887584A - Modified fly ash and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Modified fly ash and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114887584A CN114887584A CN202210550230.XA CN202210550230A CN114887584A CN 114887584 A CN114887584 A CN 114887584A CN 202210550230 A CN202210550230 A CN 202210550230A CN 114887584 A CN114887584 A CN 114887584A
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- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 175
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004475 Arginine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N arginine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCCNC(N)=N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanamine Chemical group [SiH3]N FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 abstract description 32
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 28
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 22
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 20
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005588 protonation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 5
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- DCQBZYNUSLHVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-triethoxysilylpropane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCS DCQBZYNUSLHVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N L-aspartic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000003704 aspartic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-carboxyaspartic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)C(C(O)=O)C(O)=O OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- AWFYPPSBLUWMFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[5-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-1-(1,4,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1=NN=C(O1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=C2 AWFYPPSBLUWMFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-lysine Chemical compound NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002808 Si–O–Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001410 inorganic ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/103—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate comprising silica
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- B01J20/041—Oxides or hydroxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
- B01J20/08—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04 comprising aluminium oxide or hydroxide; comprising bauxite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/12—Halogens or halogen-containing compounds
- C02F2101/14—Fluorine or fluorine-containing compounds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the field of fly ash, and particularly discloses modified fly ash and a preparation method and application thereof. The modified fly ash is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-8 parts of fly ash, 6-10 parts of water, 18-25 parts of ethanol, 1-2 parts of a silane coupling agent and 20-40 parts of an amino acid aqueous solution; the pH value of the modified fly ash is adjusted to be acidic by using hydrochloric acid. The modified fly ash can be used for sewage treatment. The modified fly ash carries more cations, and fly ash particles carrying more cations can destroy a stable sewage system, accelerate the settling speed of sludge in a water body, and improve the sewage treatment capacity of the fly ash, thereby reducing the using amount of the fly ash during sewage treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of fly ash, in particular to modified fly ash and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The fly ash is a main solid waste discharged by a coal-fired power plant, along with the development of the power industry, the fly ash discharge amount of the coal-fired power plant is increased year by year, and the fly ash becomes one of industrial waste residues with larger discharge capacity in China at present, so that the fly ash is recycled, the waste is changed into valuable, the fly ash becomes an important technical and economic policy in economic construction, and the fly ash is an important means for solving the contradiction between the environmental pollution and the resource shortage in the power production.
In the related technology, the fly ash can be applied to the cement industry and concrete engineering; can be used as agricultural fertilizer and soil conditioner; the fly ash can be used as an environment-friendly material, and can be used for manufacturing molecular sieves, flocculants, adsorption materials and the like in the application of the environment-friendly material; the molecular sieve, the flocculating agent and the adsorbing material can be used for treating fluorine-containing sewage, electroplating sewage, heavy metal ion-containing sewage and oil-containing sewage, and the mechanism of the treatment is explained as follows: the fly ash contains Al 2 O 3 Active components such as CaO, etc. can produce coordination compound with fluorine or produce colloid ions with flocculation effect on fluorine, and also contains zeolite, mullite, carbon particles, silica gel, etc. and has inorganic ion exchange characteristic and adsorption decoloration effect.
In view of the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventor thinks that there is a problem that the original fly ash needs a large amount of fly ash for sewage treatment, which brings great troubles to the subsequent treatment of sludge.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the sewage treatment capacity of the fly ash and reduce the using amount of the fly ash during sewage treatment, the application provides the modified fly ash and a preparation method and application thereof.
In a first aspect, the modified fly ash provided by the application adopts the following technical scheme:
the modified fly ash is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-8 parts of fly ash, 6-10 parts of water, 18-25 parts of ethanol, 1-2 parts of a silane coupling agent and 20-40 parts of an amino acid aqueous solution;
the pH value of the modified fly ash is adjusted to be acidic by using hydrochloric acid.
By adopting the technical scheme, the ethanol has the functions of dispersing the fly ash and accelerating the hydrolysis of the silane coupling agent. The fly ash particles play a role of central particles, the silane coupling agent can be connected with hydroxyl on the surface of the fly ash, so that the silane coupling agent is uniformly distributed around the surface of the fly ash particles, and more-OH are carried on the surface of the fly ash-NH 2 -OH and-NH 2 Can react with-COOH in amino acid to connect the amino acid on the silane coupling agent, so that the surface of the fly ash forms a net structure, and more-NH is distributed on the net structure 2 (ii) a Amino acid can also enter pores of the fly ash and is combined with-OH on the surface of the fly ash, so that-NH on fly ash particles is further increased 2 The number of the cells.
Hydrochloric acid provides more H for the system + The amino groups surrounding the surface of the fly ash are protonated to form NH 3 + 。
The essence of sludge sedimentation in sewage is that a stable system with negative charges formed by sludge is changed, and fly ash particles carrying more cations can destroy the stable sludge system, so that the sedimentation speed of sludge in a water body is accelerated, the sewage treatment capacity of fly ash is improved, and the using amount of fly ash in sewage treatment is reduced.
Optionally, the amino acid in the aqueous amino acid solution is a basic amino acid.
By adopting the technical scheme, the number of amino groups carried by the basic amino acid is more than that of carboxyl groups, so that NH formed after protonation is carried out in an acidic environment 3 + The quantity is also more, the effect of destroying the stability of the sludge is good, and the settling speed of the sludge in the water body is accelerated.
Optionally, the basic amino acid is one or more of lysine and arginine.
By adopting the technical scheme, the lysine and the arginine both contain two-NH 2 And two of-NH 2 Has small steric hindrance and can form NH under the acidic environment 3 + The effect of destroying the stability of the sludge is good, and the settling speed of the sludge in the water body is accelerated.
Optionally, the silane coupling agent is an aminosilane coupling agent.
By adopting the technical scheme, the aminosilane coupling agent only carries hydroxyl and amino, and as the silane coupling agent in the scheme, on one hand, the amino and the hydroxyl can compete to be combined with carboxyl on amino acid; on the other hand, the amino group isCan be directly exposed to the outside for H + The protonation reduces the occurrence of other unnecessary reactions, and ensures that the modification effect of the fly ash particles is better.
Optionally, the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 1-5 mol/L; the mass concentration of the amino acid aqueous solution is 70-80%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the concentration of 1-5mol/L hydrochloric acid is enough to adjust the acidity and alkalinity of the modified fly ash system, and the excessive acidity is avoided, so that the treated water body is not polluted; the amino acid aqueous solution with higher mass concentration contains more amino acid, so that the amino acid is combined with the silane coupling agent as much as possible to form a net structure surrounding the fly ash particles, the weight of the fly ash particles is increased, the stable structure of sewage is more favorably damaged, more floccules in the sewage are adsorbed, the settling speed of sludge in a water body is accelerated, the sewage treatment capacity of the fly ash is improved, and the using amount of the fly ash during sewage treatment is finally reduced.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing modified fly ash, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of modified fly ash comprises the following steps:
mixing the fly ash with ethanol, wet-grinding, and performing microwave irradiation to obtain activated fly ash;
II, mixing water and ethanol, adding a silane coupling agent to react with the activated fly ash to obtain silane coupled fly ash;
and III, mixing the silane coupling fly ash and an amino acid aqueous solution for reaction, adjusting the pH value to be acidic by utilizing hydrochloric acid, and drying to obtain the modified fly ash.
By adopting the technical scheme, in the step I, in the wet grinding process, the ethanol assists the fly ash to disperse as much as possible, the specific surface area of the fly ash is increased, the internal crystal lattice distortion and defects of the fly ash are increased, Si-O-Si bonds and Al-O-Al bonds are broken, active molecules are increased, and the ion exchange and replacement capability of the fly ash is promoted; under the microwave radiation, the fly ash has the same phenomenon, and the microwave radiation can remove high-temperature volatile impurities blocking the pores of the fly ash, increase the porosity of the fly ash and improve the performance of the fly ashSpecific surface area. In the step II, under an alkaline environment, the silane coupling agent accelerates hydrolysis, and the crosslinking speed with the fly ash is accelerated. In step III, the amino acid aqueous solution reacts with the silane coupling agent to enable the fly ash particles to carry more amino groups, and hydrochloric acid adjusts the system to be acidic to enable-NH 2 Protonation to NH 3 + (ii) a The modified fly ash can destroy a stable sludge system, accelerate the sedimentation speed of the sludge in a water body, and improve the sewage treatment capacity of the fly ash, thereby reducing the use amount of the fly ash during sewage treatment.
Optionally, in the step ii, the silane coupling agent and the activated fly ash are added in sequence, that is, the silane coupling agent is added first, and then the activated fly ash is added.
By adopting the technical scheme, the silane coupling agent is added firstly, and then the fly ash is added after the silane coupling agent is dispersed and hydrolyzed in the solvent, so that the fly ash can be uniformly coated by the silane coupling agent, the formation of a net structure on the surface of the fly ash particles is promoted, the fly ash particles can continuously adsorb flocculent precipitates in a water body, the larger the volume is, the stronger the adsorption and aggregation capacity is, and the better the sewage purification effect is.
Optionally, in the step iii, the pH is adjusted to 3.5 to 5 with hydrochloric acid.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the pH is 3.5-5, the solution system is acidic and accelerates-NH 2 Protonation to NH 3 + And a stable sludge system is destroyed, the sedimentation speed of the sludge in a water body is accelerated, and the sewage treatment capacity of the fly ash is improved, so that the using amount of the fly ash during sewage treatment is reduced.
Optionally, in the step III, the reaction temperature is 50-70 ℃, the reaction time is 5-15h, and the stirring speed is 1000-.
By adopting the technical scheme, the amino acid can be connected to the silane coupling agent at a proper reaction temperature and stirring speed; can also enter the pores of the fly ash and is directly connected with the fly ash; the fly ash has good modification effect.
In a third aspect, the present application provides an application of a modified fly ash, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the modified fly ash can be applied to sewage treatment.
By adopting the technical scheme, microbes in the sewage can secrete a plurality of polymers to the outside of cells, so that bacteria or bacteria and sludge are bonded with each other to form a stable network, the modified fly ash destroys the network structure of the sludge, the polymers are released, and the sludge precipitation is promoted; the modified fly ash with positive charges neutralizes the negative charges on the surface of the sludge, the electrostatic repulsion of the sludge colloid particles is reduced, the stability is destroyed, and the sludge precipitation is accelerated.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. the modified fly ash carries more cations, and fly ash particles carrying more cations can destroy a stable sludge system, accelerate the settling speed of sludge in a water body and improve the sewage treatment capacity of the fly ash, so that the using amount of the fly ash during sewage treatment is reduced;
2. the number of amino groups carried by the basic amino acid is more than that of carboxyl groups, so that the number of cations formed after protonation is more in an acidic environment, the effect of destroying the stability of the sludge is good, and the settling speed of the sludge in a water body is accelerated;
3. when the pH value of the modified fly ash mixed liquid is 3.5-5, the-NH is accelerated 2 Protonation to NH 3 + And a stable sludge system is destroyed, the sedimentation speed of the sludge in a water body is accelerated, and the sewage treatment capacity of the fly ash is improved, so that the using amount of the fly ash during sewage treatment is reduced.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples and comparative examples.
Provides a modified fly ash, a preparation method thereof and a raw material source applying the following examples and comparative examples: the fly ash is from Shanxi Zhengyuan fly ash comprehensive utilization company Limited; other raw materials are commercially available.
Example 1
A preparation method of modified fly ash comprises the following steps:
mixing 3g of fly ash and 4g of ethanol, wet-milling for 30min by using a ball mill, and irradiating the fly ash for 15min by using microwave with power of 450w to obtain activated fly ash;
II, mixing 10g of water with 14g of ethanol, adding 1g of 3-amino triethoxysilane, adding activated fly ash, and stirring at the speed of 800rpm/min at room temperature to obtain silane-coupled fly ash;
III, mixing silane coupling fly ash and 40g of lysine water solution with the mass concentration of 75% for reaction, wherein the reaction temperature is 50 ℃, the reaction time is 10 hours, and the stirring speed is 1500 rpm/min; after the reaction is finished, regulating the pH value to be 4 by using 2mol/L hydrochloric acid, and drying to obtain the modified fly ash.
Example 2
A preparation method of modified fly ash comprises the following steps:
i, mixing 8g of fly ash and 8g of ethanol, wet-grinding for 30min by using a ball mill, and irradiating the fly ash for 15min by using microwave with power of 450w to obtain activated fly ash;
II, mixing 6g of water with 17g of ethanol, adding 2g of 3-amino triethoxysilane, adding activated fly ash, and stirring at the speed of 800rpm/min at room temperature to obtain silane-coupled fly ash;
III, mixing silane coupling fly ash and 20g of lysine water solution with the mass concentration of 75% for reaction, wherein the reaction temperature is 50 ℃, the reaction time is 10 hours, and the stirring speed is 1500 rpm/min; after the reaction is finished, regulating the pH value to be 4 by using 2mol/L hydrochloric acid, and drying to obtain the modified fly ash.
Example 3
A preparation method of modified fly ash comprises the following steps:
mixing 5g of fly ash and 5g of ethanol, wet-milling the mixture for 30min by using a ball mill, and irradiating the fly ash for 15min by using microwave with power of 450w to obtain activated fly ash;
II, mixing 8g of water and 17g of ethanol, adding 1.5g of 3-amino triethoxysilane, adding activated fly ash, and stirring at the speed of 800rpm/min at room temperature to obtain silane coupling fly ash;
III, mixing silane coupling fly ash and 30g of lysine water solution with the mass concentration of 75% for reaction, wherein the reaction temperature is 50 ℃, the reaction time is 10 hours, and the stirring speed is 1500 rpm/min; after the reaction is finished, regulating the pH value to be 4 by using 2mol/L hydrochloric acid, and drying to obtain the modified fly ash.
Example 4
The difference from example 3 is that: the lysine aqueous solution having a mass concentration of 75% by weight in example 3 was replaced with the aspartic acid aqueous solution having a mass concentration of 75% by weight.
Example 5
The difference from example 3 is that: an equal weight of 3-aminotriethoxysilane was replaced with an equal weight of 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane in example 3.
Example 6
The difference from example 3 is that: the lysine aqueous solution having a mass concentration of 75% by weight in example 3 was replaced with the lysine aqueous solution having a mass concentration of 30% by weight.
Example 7
The difference from example 3 is that: the reaction conditions in the step III are different;
the method comprises the following specific steps: mixing silane coupling fly ash and 30g of lysine water solution with the mass concentration of 75% for reaction, wherein the reaction temperature is normal temperature, the reaction time is 2h, and the stirring speed is 500 rpm/min; after the reaction is finished, regulating the pH value to be 4 by using 2mol/L hydrochloric acid, and drying to obtain the modified fly ash.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 3 is that: ethanol is not added in the step I and the step II.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 3 is that: and 3-amino triethoxysilane is not added in the step II.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 3 is that: no aqueous lysine solution was added in step III.
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 3 is that: hydrochloric acid is not added in the step III.
Comparative example 5
The difference from example 3 is that: step I, no microwave irradiation is carried out.
Comparative example 6
The fly ash before modification is adopted, and the fly ash comes from Zhengyuan fly ash comprehensive utilization limited company in Shaanxi province.
Performance test
The modified fly ash prepared in example 3 and comparative examples 2, 3, 4 and 6 is used for testing the particle size and the Zeta potential, 0.1g of the modified fly ash is added into 6mL of deionized water, an ultrasonic wave dispersing instrument is used for carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 5min, each datum is detected for three times, and the average value of the detection results is shown in table 1;
carrying out sewage treatment by using the modified fly ash prepared in examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples 1 to 5 and the fly ash prepared in comparative example 6, carrying out tests on sludge ratio, filtration time and Zeta potential on sewage before and after treatment, wherein each data is tested for three times, and the average value of the test results is shown in table 2;
the sewage treatment step:
A. a sewage conditioning step: measuring 100mL of sewage, adding 3g of modified fly ash, rapidly stirring at a rotating speed of 250r/min for 30s at room temperature, uniformly mixing, standing for reaction, and performing vacuum filtration and dehydration after the reaction is completed;
B. vacuum filtration dehydration: pouring the conditioned sewage mixture into a Buchner funnel with the diameter of 9cm, performing vacuum filtration and dehydration by using a vacuum pump, wherein the filtration time is 10min, and measuring the specific resistance of the sludge and the filtration time;
C. and (3) centrifugal dehydration: and (3) putting 40mL of the conditioned sewage into a centrifuge tube, centrifuging for 30min at the rotation speed of 4000r/min at 4 ℃ of a high-speed refrigerated centrifuge, separating supernatant, and measuring the Zeta potential of the supernatant.
TABLE 1
| Particle size (. mu.m) | Zeta potential (mV) | |
| Comparative example 6 | 10 | -15 |
| Example 3 | 52 | +42 |
| Comparative example 2 | 20 | +27 |
| Comparative example 3 | 42 | +24 |
| Comparative example 4 | 48 | +2 |
Note: the Zeta potential of the mixed solution is between-30 mV and +30mV, which indicates that the system is stable.
The combination of the fly ash before modification in the embodiment 6 and the modified fly ash in the embodiment 3 shows that the particle size of the modified fly ash prepared in the embodiment 3 is obviously increased, which is beneficial to accelerating the speed of adsorbing flocculates in sewage; and the potential is more than +30mV, so that the negative charges in the sewage can be neutralized.
By combining the example 3 and the comparative examples 2, 3 and 4, the particle size of the modified fly ash is reduced and the potential value is reduced without adding 3-amino triethoxysilane in the comparative example 2; comparative example 3 no lysine aqueous solution is added, the particle size of the modified fly ash is reduced, and the potential value is reduced; comparative example 4 no hydrochloric acid was added, and the amino groups on the surface of the modified fly ash could not be protonated, so the absolute value of the potential of the modified fly ash was low and the mixture of the modified fly ash and water was unstable.
TABLE 2
By combining the original sewage with the examples 1, 2 and 3, the modified fly ash treated sewage has the advantages that the sludge ratio is obviously reduced, the filtering time is obviously shortened, the Zeta potential is obviously increased, and the sludge precipitation effect in the whole sewage system is good and the efficiency is high; from the differences among the three sets of data in examples 1, 2 and 3, it can be seen that the modified fly ash of example 3 has slightly better sludge treatment effect than that of examples 1 and 2 because the raw material ratio of example 3 is the best.
Combining examples 3 and 4, 6, it can be seen that example 4 is only the substitution of the aqueous lysine solution of example 3 for the aqueous aspartic acid solution, and the final protonation of NH formed due to the smaller number of amino groups on aspartic acid 3 + The number is also small; the aqueous lysine solution added in example 6 had a low lysine content and finally protonated NH 3 + The number is also small; the sewage treatment effect of the example 4 and the example 6 is poorer than that of the modified fly ash prepared in the example 3.
Combining example 3 with example 5, it can be seen that example 5 is only the replacement of 3-amino triethoxysilane by 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane in example 3, since 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane can react with both carboxyl and amino groups on the amino acid, so that the amino group on the amino acid cannot be protonated, and finally the protonized NH is formed 3 + The amount is small, and the treatment effect on sewage is poorer than that of the modified fly ash prepared in example 3.
By combining example 3 with example 7, it can be seen that, when the reaction conditions of step iii are changed in example 7, the reaction effect of the amino acid of example 7 with 3-aminotriethoxysilane is poor, the reaction effect with fly ash is also poor, and NH attached to fly ash is also poor 3 + Small amount of waste waterThe treatment effect of (a) is inferior to that of the modified fly ash prepared in example 3.
By combining comparative examples 1, 2, 3 and 4 and example 3, it can be seen that in the preparation process of comparative example 1, no ethanol is added, and the dispersion activation effect of 3-amino triethoxysilane and fly ash is poor, so that the subsequent reaction is influenced; comparative example 2 and comparative example 3, NH on the surface of fly ash without adding 3-amino triethoxysilane and lysine aqueous solution respectively 3 + The amount is small, and the treatment effect on sewage is poorer than that of the modified fly ash prepared in example 3.
Combining example 3 with comparative example 5, it can be seen that comparative example 5 does not subject the fly ash to microwave irradiation treatment, and the number of pores in the fly ash prepared in comparative example 5 is less than that of the fly ash prepared in example 3, the fly ash prepared in example 3 has a greater number of amino acids attached in step iii, so that NH on the fly ash surface 3 + The quantity is large, and the sewage treatment effect is good.
By combining the example 3 and the comparative example 6, it can be seen that the comparative example 6 directly adopts the fly ash before modification, and although the fly ash before modification has a certain sewage treatment effect, the sewage treatment effect is far worse than that of the modified fly ash of the example 3.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The modified fly ash is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-8 parts of fly ash, 6-10 parts of water, 18-25 parts of ethanol, 1-2 parts of a silane coupling agent and 20-40 parts of an amino acid aqueous solution;
the pH value of the modified fly ash is adjusted to be acidic by using hydrochloric acid.
2. The modified fly ash of claim 1, wherein the amino acid in the aqueous amino acid solution is a basic amino acid.
3. The modified fly ash of claim 2, wherein the basic amino acid is one or more of lysine and arginine.
4. A modified fly ash as claimed in claim 1, wherein the silane coupling agent is an aminosilane coupling agent.
5. The modified fly ash of claim 1, wherein the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 1-5 mol/L; the mass concentration of the amino acid aqueous solution is 70-80%.
6. A method of producing a modified fly ash as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
mixing the fly ash with ethanol, wet-grinding, and performing microwave irradiation to obtain activated fly ash;
II, mixing water and ethanol, adding a silane coupling agent to react with the activated fly ash to obtain silane coupled fly ash;
and III, mixing the silane coupling fly ash and an amino acid aqueous solution for reaction, adjusting the pH value to be acidic by utilizing hydrochloric acid, and drying to obtain the modified fly ash.
7. The method for preparing modified fly ash as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step II, the silane coupling agent and the activated fly ash are added in sequence, namely, the silane coupling agent is added first, and then the activated fly ash is added.
8. The method for preparing modified fly ash according to claim 6, wherein in the step III, hydrochloric acid is used for adjusting the pH value to 3.5-5.
9. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step III, the reaction temperature is 50-70 ℃, the reaction time is 5-15h, and the stirring speed is 1000-1500 rpm/min.
10. Use of a modified fly ash as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the modified fly ash is capable of being used in sewage treatment.
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