CN112551859A - Flocculant for treating sludge based on double nano materials - Google Patents
Flocculant for treating sludge based on double nano materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN112551859A CN112551859A CN202011351184.8A CN202011351184A CN112551859A CN 112551859 A CN112551859 A CN 112551859A CN 202011351184 A CN202011351184 A CN 202011351184A CN 112551859 A CN112551859 A CN 112551859A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
- C02F11/148—Combined use of inorganic and organic substances, being added in the same treatment step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/285—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using synthetic organic sorbents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a flocculant for treating sludge based on double nano materials, and particularly relates to the technical field of flocculants, aiming at solving the defect that the existing flocculant can not flocculate and solidify organic matters and inorganic matters in sludge or wastewater simultaneously, wherein the flocculant comprises 30 parts by weight of cationic polyacrylamide, 17 parts by weight of polymerized ferric sulfate powder, 16 parts by weight of polymerized aluminum sulfate powder, 2.5 parts by weight of nano oxides, 5 parts by weight of composite microbial agent, 5 parts by weight of surfactant, 7 parts by weight of fly ash, 4 parts by weight of graphene and 6 parts by weight of nano carbon fibers. The organic flocculant and the inorganic flocculant are compounded to ensure that the flocculation effect on the sludge is better, the double nano materials of nano oxides and nano carbon fibers are adopted, so that the composite flocculant not only has an adsorption effect on inorganic matters, but also has a flocculation and solidification effect on organic matters, a large amount of metal oxides such as aluminum, silicon and the like in the fly ash can generate a chemical bonding effect with heavy metal ions, and the fly ash also has a porous structure and a large specific surface area, so that the flocculation effect is further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a flocculant for treating sludge based on double nano materials, belongs to the technical field of sludge and water treatment, and particularly relates to the technical field of flocculants.
Background
The wastewater treatment is to treat the wastewater by physical, chemical and biological methods, purify the wastewater and reduce pollution so as to achieve the purposes of wastewater recovery and reuse and fully utilize water resources.
The method for treating wastewater includes a physical treatment method, a method for separating and recovering insoluble county floating state pollutants (including oil films and oil droplets) in wastewater by physical action, and the method can be divided into a gravity separation method, a centrifugal separation method, a screen filtration interception method and the like; a wastewater treatment method for separating and removing pollutants in a dissolved or colloidal state in wastewater or converting the pollutants into harmless substances by a chemical reaction and a mass transfer effect in a chemical treatment method; the biological treatment method is divided into two types of aerobic biological treatment and anaerobic biological treatment according to the action of microorganisms.
The sludge is high-water-content and high-organic-matter sludge removing slurry which is even toxic and harmful. In the prior art, the method for dehydrating the sludge with high water content mainly adopts a natural drying mode of a sludge piling field for treatment, and although the method is simple and convenient to operate and low in operation cost, the dehydration effect is greatly influenced by natural weather, the occupied area is large, and secondary pollution is easily caused; or, the mechanical dehydration mode is adopted, the working capacity of a mechanical dehydration plant is generally small, and the mechanical dehydration plant is difficult to adapt to the requirements of large-scale engineering. Meanwhile, after the existing mechanical dehydration, the water content of the sludge is in the range of 60% to 80%, and the subsequent treatment requirements cannot be met. To address this problem, flocculants are often used to increase the dewatering efficiency.
Application No.: CN00113215.6 discloses a nanometer ultra-high water purifying agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1-10% of nano-scale oxide, 10-80% of polymeric ferric sulfate powder, 10-80% of ferric trichloride powder and 5-10% of ferrous sulfate powder; the other weight percentage composition is as follows: 1-10% of nano-scale oxide, 10-60% of polyaluminium chloride powder, 20-80% of ferric chloride powder and 5-20% of aluminum sulfate powder; the nano-scale oxide is one or more than one of raw materials of silicon dioxide, zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide and cerium oxide with the particle size of 25-100 nm. The water purifying agent has the advantages of small dosage of medicament, good water purifying effect, wide water quality adaptation range, small equipment investment and small occupied area.
The said patent belongs to inorganic flocculant, and has great use amount, low flocculating effect, high cost and high corrosion.
Application No.: CN00113216.4 discloses a nanometer super-efficient flocculant, which comprises 1-10 wt% of nanometer-scale oxide, 20-50 wt% of polyacrylamide, 25-50 wt% of cationic polyacrylamide and 10-40 wt% of nonionic polyacrylamide, and comprises 1-10 wt% of nanometer-scale oxide, 10-40 wt% of polyacrylamide, 25-50 wt% of anionic polyacrylamide, 10-30 wt% of nonionic polyacrylamide and 10-30 wt% of TXY polymeric flocculant; the nano-scale oxide refers to silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide and cerium oxide with the particle size of 25-100 nm. The invention has the characteristics of small dosage, high reaction speed, large alum blossom, stable discharge index of treated effluent and the like.
The above patent is mainly an organic flocculant, and the flocculation curing performance is single, and the organic matter and the inorganic matter in the sludge or the wastewater cannot be flocculated and cured simultaneously.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: provides a flocculant for treating sludge based on double nano materials, which aims to solve the defects that the existing flocculant has single flocculation and solidification functions and cannot flocculate and solidify organic matters and inorganic matters in sludge or wastewater simultaneously.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the flocculant for treating sludge based on double nano materials comprises, by weight, 10-50 parts of cationic polyacrylamide, 5-30 parts of polymerized ferric sulfate powder, 5-20 parts of polymerized aluminum sulfate powder, 0.1-5 parts of nano oxides, 0-10 parts of a composite microbial agent, 0-10 parts of a surfactant, 2-12 parts of fly ash, 0-10 parts of graphene and 2-10 parts of nano carbon fibers.
According to the technical scheme, the cationic polyacrylamide is in a positive electric property in an acid or alkaline medium, flocculation precipitation is carried out on sludge or wastewater with negative charges to suspended particles in the sludge and the wastewater, the clarification effect is good, the polymerized ferric sulfate powder and the polymerized aluminum sulfate powder belong to inorganic flocculants, the inorganic flocculants can have the advantage of high strength due to the combination of the polymerized ferric sulfate powder and the inorganic flocculants, the cationic polyacrylamide and the inorganic flocculants have the effect of adsorbing organic matters and heavy metal ions which are difficult to flocculate and precipitate, the cationic polyacrylamide and the inorganic flocculants have better combined use effect, and the coagulation assisting, color removing and odor removing effects are achieved; the nano oxide has large specific surface area and has adsorption effect on heavy metals; the nano carbon fiber is a water treatment high-tech ecological material developed by a special process, and has the advantages of obvious anisotropy, flexibility, high strength, durability, corrosion resistance, large specific surface area, capability of adsorbing organic matters and high adsorption effect; the coal ash is a main byproduct of coal combustion, a large amount of metal oxides such as aluminum, silicon and the like exist in the coal ash, the coal ash can generate chemical bonding effect with heavy metal ions, and the coal ash also has a porous structure, large specific surface area and high adsorption efficiency. The compound of organic flocculant and inorganic flocculant in this application, make the flocculation effect to silt better, still have the effect of helping the coagulation, decoloration and go flavor, adopt nanometer oxide and nanometer carbon fiber's two nano-materials, not only have the adsorption to the inorganic matter, but also have flocculation and solidification effect to the organic matter, adsorption efficiency is high, fly ash is the main by-product of coal burning, wherein have a large amount of metal oxide such as aluminium silicon, can produce the chemical bonding effect with heavy metal ion, fly ash still has porous structure, specific surface is big, the flocculation effect has further been improved, the above-mentioned defect that current flocculant flocculation and solidification function is single of flocculant has solved, can not be simultaneously to organic matter and inorganic matter flocculation and solidification in silt or the waste water.
Preferably, the flocculant comprises, by weight, 20-40 parts of cationic polyacrylamide, 10-20 parts of polymerized ferrous sulfate powder, 10-20 parts of polymerized aluminum sulfate powder, 1-4 parts of nano oxides, 2-8 parts of a composite microbial agent, 2-8 parts of a surfactant, 4-10 parts of fly ash, 2-6 parts of graphene and 4-8 parts of carbon nanofibers.
More preferably, the flocculant comprises 30 parts of cationic polyacrylamide, 17 parts of polymerized ferrous sulfate powder, 16 parts of polymerized aluminum sulfate powder, 2.5 parts of nano oxide, 5 parts of composite microbial agent, 5 parts of surfactant, 7 parts of fly ash, 4 parts of graphene and 6 parts of carbon nanofiber in parts by weight.
Preferably, the flocculating agent also comprises 2-10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and MnO according to the parts by weight2And 1-6 parts of nanorods.
More preferably, the flocculating agent further comprises 6 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and MnO according to the parts by weight2And 3 parts of nanorods.
Preferably, the compound microbial agent also comprises nutrient powder, and the microbial agent comprises 2-20 parts of digestive bacteria, 10-30 parts of bacillus subtilis and 10-40 parts of nutrient powder in parts by weight.
More preferably, the compound microbial agent also comprises nutritional powder, and the microbial agent comprises 12 parts of digestive bacteria, 15 parts of bacillus subtilis and 25 parts of nutritional powder in parts by weight.
Preferably, the number of viable bacteria in the microbial agent is 80-100 hundred million per gram of the flocculant.
Preferably, the surfactant comprises 10-30 parts by weight of soybean lecithin and 2-10 parts by weight of tea saponin.
More preferably, the surfactant comprises 20 parts by weight of soybean lecithin and 6 parts by weight of tea saponin.
The preparation method of the flocculant is a conventional preparation method in the field, and the flocculant can be prepared into granules, powder or solution type flocculant, wherein in the solution type, the solvent is water.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the organic flocculant and the inorganic flocculant are compounded, so that the sludge flocculation effect is better, and the sludge flocculation assisting, color removing and odor removing effects are also realized, and the double nano materials of nano oxides and nano carbon fibers are adopted, so that the sludge flocculation assisting agent not only has an adsorption effect on inorganic matters, but also has a flocculation and solidification effect on organic matters, and is high in adsorption effect, the coal ash is a main byproduct of coal combustion, a large amount of metal oxides such as aluminum, silicon and the like are contained in the coal ash, and can generate a chemical bonding effect with heavy metal ions, and the coal ash also has a porous structure and a large specific surface area, so that the;
2. in the invention, the bacillus subtilis is a gram-positive required bacterium, can secrete digestive enzymes such as protease, amylase, lipase and the like, degrades organic matters in sludge or wastewater, mainly degrades nitrate and nitrite in the sludge or wastewater, generates various antibacterial substances such as mildew-resistant subtilin, polymyxin, bacillus subtilis, gramicidin and the like in the growth process, inhibits the breeding of pathogenic bacteria in the sludge or wastewater, and nitrifying bacteria belong to aerobic bacteria and can consume ammonia and nitrous acid existing in the sludge or wastewater to generate nontoxic nitric acid which can be absorbed and assimilated by aquatic organism algae and the like, thereby being beneficial to purifying water quality;
3. in the invention, the tea saponin is a natural active substance, has strong foaming capacity, has a dispersing effect on the fly ash, prevents the fly ash from precipitating, improves the water purification efficiency, can also remove heavy metals such as heavy metal cadmium, and is a pure natural active agent, namely phospholipid precipitated in the degumming process of soybean oil, and a pure natural product obtained after processing and drying can change the surface tension of water, so that the water body is more permeable, and the water environment is better;
4. in the invention, all the adopted natural green surfactants can be biologically decomposed and then are compounded with digestive bacteria and bacillus subtilis, and digestive enzymes such as protease, amylase, lipase and the like generated by the metabolism of the digestive bacteria and the bacillus subtilis are safe and harmless, and the effect of purifying water is improved;
5. according to the invention, nitrobacteria and graphene can be integrated on the nano carbon fiber, the graphene is utilized to absorb light energy to generate a photochemical reaction, so that organic pollutants are decomposed, the photochemical reaction generates oxygen, the dissolved oxygen is increased, the growth of aerobic microorganisms is promoted, and the organic pollutants are absorbed and degraded;
6. according to the invention, the organic pollutants in water can be degraded only by visible light without oxygen exposure and gas increase, so that the water body recovers the self-purification capacity again, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are achieved;
7. in the invention, the nutrition powder can be micromolecular nutrient substances after yeast fermentation, can not provide nutrition for various microorganisms in water, and can also form chelate with medium trace elements in water, and the chelated medium trace elements are more beneficial to absorption and utilization of aquatic organisms;
8. the prepared flocculant can be used for flocculation of sludge and purification of water.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
The flocculant for treating the sludge based on the double nano materials comprises, by weight, 10 parts of cationic polyacrylamide, 5 parts of polymerized ferric sulfate powder, 5 parts of polymerized aluminum sulfate powder, 0.1 part of nano oxide, 2 parts of fly ash and 2 parts of nano carbon fiber.
Example 2
On the basis of example 1, the flocculant for treating sludge based on double nano materials comprises, by weight, 30 parts of cationic polyacrylamide, 22 parts of polymerized ferric sulfate powder, 12 parts of polymerized aluminum sulfate powder, 2.5 parts of nano oxides, 7 parts of fly ash and 6 parts of carbon nanofibers.
Example 3
On the basis of example 1, the flocculant for treating sludge based on double nano materials comprises 50 parts by weight of cationic polyacrylamide, 30 parts by weight of polymerized ferrous sulfate powder, 20 parts by weight of polymerized aluminum sulfate powder, 5 parts by weight of nano oxides, 12 parts by weight of fly ash and 10 parts by weight of nano carbon fibers.
Example 4
The flocculant for treating sludge based on double nano materials comprises, by weight, 20 parts of cationic polyacrylamide, 10 parts of polymerized ferric sulfate powder, 10 parts of polymerized aluminum sulfate powder, 1 part of nano oxide, 2 parts of composite microbial agent, 2 parts of surfactant, 4 parts of fly ash, 2 parts of graphene, 4 parts of nano carbon fiber, 2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and MnO21 part of nano rod; the compound microbial agent also comprises nutrient powder, and the microbial agent comprises 2 parts of digestive bacteria, 10 parts of bacillus subtilis and 10 parts of nutrient powder in parts by weight; the number of viable bacteria in the microbial agent is 80 hundred million per gram of the flocculant; the surfactant comprises 10 parts of soybean lecithin and 2 parts of tea saponin according to parts by weight.
Example 5
On the basis of example 4, the flocculant for treating sludge based on double nano materials comprises, by weight, 30 parts of cationic polyacrylamide, 17 parts of polymerized ferrous sulfate powder, 16 parts of polymerized aluminum sulfate powder, 2.5 parts of nano oxides, 5 parts of composite microbial agent, 5 parts of surfactant, 7 parts of fly ash, 4 parts of graphene and 6 parts of nano carbon fibers, and further comprises 6 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and MnO23 parts of nanorods, wherein the compound microbial agent also comprises nutrition powder, and the microbial agent comprises 12 parts of digestive bacteria, 15 parts of bacillus subtilis and 25 parts of nutrition powder according to parts by weight; the number of viable bacteria in the microbial agent is 90 hundred million per gram of the flocculant; the surfactant comprises 20 parts of soybean lecithin and 6 parts of tea saponin according to parts by weight.
Example 6
On the basis of example 4, the flocculant for treating sludge based on double nano materials comprises, by weight, 40 parts of cationic polyacrylamide, 20 parts of polymerized ferrous sulfate powder, 20 parts of polymerized aluminum sulfate powder, 4 parts of nano oxides, 8 parts of composite microbial agent, 8 parts of surfactant, 10 parts of fly ash, 6 parts of graphene and nano carbon fiber8 parts, polyvinyl alcohol 10 parts, MnO26 parts of nanorods, wherein the compound microbial agent also comprises nutrition powder, and the microbial agent comprises 20 parts of digestive bacteria, 30 parts of bacillus subtilis and 40 parts of nutrition powder according to parts by weight; the number of viable bacteria in the microbial agent is 100 hundred million per gram of the flocculant; the surfactant comprises 30 parts of soybean lecithin and 10 parts of tea saponin according to parts by weight.
In examples 4, 5 and 6 of the present application, MnO2 nanorods can be coated with polyvinyl alcohol using methods conventional in the art.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The flocculant for treating sludge based on double nano materials is characterized in that: the flocculant comprises, by weight, 10-50 parts of cationic polyacrylamide, 5-30 parts of polymerized ferrous sulfate powder, 5-20 parts of polymerized aluminum sulfate powder, 0.1-5 parts of nano oxides, 0-10 parts of a composite microbial agent, 0-10 parts of a surfactant, 2-12 parts of fly ash, 0-10 parts of graphene and 2-10 parts of carbon nanofibers.
2. The double nanomaterial-based flocculant for sludge treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flocculant comprises, by weight, 20-40 parts of cationic polyacrylamide, 10-20 parts of polymerized ferrous sulfate powder, 10-20 parts of polymerized aluminum sulfate powder, 1-4 parts of nano oxides, 2-8 parts of a composite microbial agent, 2-8 parts of a surfactant, 4-10 parts of fly ash, 2-6 parts of graphene and 4-8 parts of carbon nanofibers.
3. The double nanomaterial-based flocculant for sludge treatment according to claim 2, characterized in that: the flocculant comprises, by weight, 30 parts of cationic polyacrylamide, 17 parts of polymerized ferrous sulfate powder, 16 parts of polymerized aluminum sulfate powder, 2.5 parts of nano-oxide, 5 parts of a composite microbial agent, 5 parts of a surfactant, 7 parts of fly ash, 4 parts of graphene and 6 parts of carbon nanofiber.
4. A bi-nanomaterial based flocculant for sludge treatment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the flocculating agent also comprises 2-10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and MnO according to the parts by weight2And 1-6 parts of nanorods.
5. The double nanomaterial-based flocculant for sludge treatment according to claim 4, characterized in that: the flocculating agent also comprises 6 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and MnO according to the parts by weight2And 3 parts of nanorods.
6. A bi-nanomaterial based flocculant for sludge treatment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the compound microbial agent also comprises nutrient powder, and the microbial agent comprises 2-20 parts of digestive bacteria, 10-30 parts of bacillus subtilis and 10-40 parts of nutrient powder in parts by weight.
7. The double nanomaterial-based flocculant for sludge treatment according to claim 6, characterized in that: the compound microbial agent also comprises nutritional powder, and the microbial agent comprises 12 parts of digestive bacteria, 15 parts of bacillus subtilis and 25 parts of nutritional powder in parts by weight.
8. A flocculant for sludge treatment based on double nanomaterials according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: the number of viable bacteria in the microbial agent is 80-100 hundred million per gram of the flocculant.
9. A bi-nanomaterial based flocculant for sludge treatment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the surfactant comprises, by weight, 10-30 parts of soybean lecithin and 2-10 parts of tea saponin.
10. The double nanomaterial-based flocculant for sludge treatment according to claim 9, characterized in that: the surfactant comprises 20 parts of soybean lecithin and 6 parts of tea saponin according to parts by weight.
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CN114163100A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-03-11 | 神美科技有限公司 | Conditioner for domestic sludge dewatering and preparation method thereof |
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CN105693068A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2016-06-22 | 池州灵芝化建材料科技有限公司 | Efficient sludge conditioner |
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