CN114886945B

CN114886945B - Supermolecule medicine for regulating purine metabolism and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114886945B
Application number: CN202210504187.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵东; 赵锦荣; 张红瑞
Original assignee: Xian International University
Current assignee: Xian International University
Priority date: 2022-05-10
Filing date: 2022-05-10
Publication date: 2023-07-07
Anticipated expiration: 2042-05-10
Also published as: CN114886945A

Abstract

The invention discloses a supermolecule system for regulating purine metabolism and application thereof. The active main unit component is organic particles prepared from mango leaves, pagodatree flower bud and tartary buckwheat serving as raw materials, the active protection unit component is beta-cyclodextrin which is used for forming a three-dimensional ring-shaped structure supermolecule through interaction of weak hydrophobic interaction force and van der Waals force with the organic particles, and the auxiliary unit component is adhered or dissociated outside the supermolecule. Compared with a multi-component direct mixing system, the supermolecule system provided by the invention has the advantages that the solubility is improved, the stability is good, the supermolecule system is resistant to the influence of chemical reaction among multi-component compounds, factors such as illumination, high temperature, oxygen, metal ions and the like, the biological activity of the raw materials is reserved, and a better purine metabolism regulating effect is obtained.

Description

Supermolecule medicine for regulating purine metabolism and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the industries of foods, health-care products and biological medicines, in particular to the development of functional products for regulating purine metabolism.

Background

Purine metabolic disorders affect not only nucleic acid synthesis but also uric acid metabolism and protein synthesis, and are the basis for the occurrence of some diseases. In a mammal, adenine, guanine and hypoxanthine are deaminated by an adenylate deaminase to produce inosine or inosine. Inosine and inosine nucleotide are hydrolyzed into inosine, and are gradually oxidized into xanthine and uric acid under the catalysis of xanthine oxidase. Xanthine oxidase is a key enzyme in purine metabolic process, and its biological activity, inhibitory activity and antioxidant activity are important targets for purine metabolic detection.

"Sophora flower" (collected when Sophora japonica of Leguminosae is flowering in spring and summer) and "Sophora flower bud" (collected when Sophora japonica of Leguminosae is formed in spring and summer) are bitter in taste, and both belong to medicinal and edible raw materials, and have the functions of cooling blood, stopping bleeding, clearing liver-fire and purging fire. Modern pharmaceutical researches have found that flos Sophorae Immaturus and flos Sophorae Immaturus have antibacterial, antiinflammatory, spasmolytic, antiulcer, and blood lipid reducing effects, and also have certain pharmacological effects on cardiovascular system. The flos Sophorae Immaturus and flos Sophorae Immaturus contain substantially the same components, and have various bioactive components, mainly including triterpene saponins, flavonoids, flower oil, tannins, flos Sophorae Immaturus Mi Jiasu, B and C. Wherein rutin and quercetin are two active compounds with rich content in flavonoid compounds.

The research of the effect of the flos sophorae and flos sophorae on the xanthine oxidase activity of the key enzyme of purine metabolism is more, compared with medicinal and edible plants such as honeysuckle, gardenia, lotus leaf and the like, the total flavone content of the flos sophorae and the flos sophorae is high, but the inhibition activity and the oxidation resistance are low, even the total flavone content of the flos sophorae and the total flavone content are not positively correlated (the research of the total flavone content and the oxidation resistance of 12 commercial flowers such as seedlings and the like// the research of the academy of the nutrition progress of women and teenagers and the propaganda and promotion of the dietary guidelines of pregnant women, lactating women and children of 0-6 years, 2009. Liu Xuemei. Screening of food-source plant polyphenol extracts with XOI activity, evaluating uric acid reducing activity and identifying the targeting of efficacy factors. A part of animal simulation experiment researches find that the pagodatree flower and pagodatree flower bud have high-purity monomer components or components with the same structure and have uric acid reducing effect, but experiments also show that serum uric acid value fluctuation among animal (such as mice) individuals is large, uric acid decomposition is quick, and uric acid reducing results obtained by animal models cannot reflect real results of the pagodatree flower and pagodatree flower bud in human bodies.

Mango leaves are revolute leaves of the evergreen arbor mango of the family anacardiaceae. The mango leaves have various chemical components, and mainly comprise flavonoids, saponins, myricetin, kaempferol, ascorbic acid, tannic acid, volatile oil and the like. Mango leaves can strengthen teeth, have the effects of promoting qi circulation, removing stagnation, resisting bacteria, diminishing inflammation and the like, and are also sources of some important chemical raw materials. Modern pharmacological researches show that mango leaves have pharmacological activities of relieving cough and asthma, regulating glycolipid metabolism, resisting oxidation, resisting bacteria, resisting inflammation, easing pain and the like, and are clinically approved to treat respiratory diseases such as chronic bronchitis and the like. Through research on uric acid reduction in mice, the uric acid reduction effect of mangiferin extracted from mango is independent of the expression of purine metabolism related enzymes PRPS, PRPPAT and HGPRT. In animal experiments of in vitro mice, rats and the like, the effect of mangiferin on reducing xanthine oxidase activity is found to be indirect, namely: the in vivo metabolic decomposition of mangiferin into 1,3,6, 7-tetrahydroxyxanthone, 1,3,6, 7-tetrahydroxyxanthone is an active ingredient that acts as xanthine oxidase inhibitor (Yang Hua et al. Synthesis of mangiferin metabolites and studies of xanthine oxidase inhibition activity. Natural products research and development 2015 (08): 1352-1356. Zhang Yan et al. Mangiferin, kaempferol and geniposide effects on hyperuricemia mice. Northwest journal of pharmacy 2021,36 (02): 215-219.Sanugul K et al.Isolation of a human intestinal bacterium that transforms mangiferin to norathyriol and inducibility of the enzyme that cleaves a C-glucosyl bond. Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin,2005,28 (9): 1672-1678.). However, the different individual biochemistry metabolism has difference, so the effect of mangiferin is also obvious.

Tartary buckwheat contains rich minerals such as starch, flavonoid compounds, oleic acid, carotenoid, trypsin inhibitor, chlorophyll and selenium. The flavonoid comprises rutin, kaempferide, hyperoside, quercetin, etc. The tartary buckwheat has homology of medicine and food, and is known as a three-lowering food (blood pressure lowering, blood sugar lowering and blood fat lowering). In a human randomized control trial, continuous 4 weeks of tartary buckwheat dietary nutritional intervention was performed with significantly reduced urinary protein to creatinine ratio (UACR), urea Nitrogen (UN), and no significant change in uric acid (p=0.309) compared to its dietary control group. This may be related to the expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B alone, acting only in the kidney, compared to the fagopyrum tataricum flavone homostructural component. In addition, it was found in animal simulation experiments that the tartary buckwheat extract had effects of improving blood lipid metabolic disorders and reducing blood glucose, but the effects of regulating purine metabolism were not reported (Qia J et al protective effect of tartary buckwheat on renal function in type 2diabetics:a randomized controlled trial.Therapeutics&Clinical Risk Management,2016,12:1721-1727. Zhang Huan. Metabonomics research on improving blood lipid metabolic disorders on tartary buckwheat based on liquid-matter combination technique. University of Shanghai application technology, 2018. Gu Yan, etc. metabonomics research on blood glucose reducing effects of tartary buckwheat water extract on diabetic model rats. Nutrition report, 2017,39 (002): 177-182.).

In addition, the current product applications of mango leaves, pagodatree flowers, pagodatree flower buds and tartary buckwheat mainly focus on extracting monomer components or components with the same structure, such as flavonoid compounds, from a plurality of bioactive components contained in the products. The intestinal epithelium is the main part of absorption, and good lipophilicity and water solubility are the basis of absorption and utilization. Taking rutin and mangiferin as natural flavonoids, the water solubility is only 125mg/L and 0.1mg/mL (Telange DR et al, phospholip complex-loaded self-assembled phytosomal soft nanoparticles: evidence of enhanced solubility, dissolution rate, ex vivo permeability, oral bioavailability, and antioxidant potential of mangiferin, drug Deliv Transl Res.2021,11 (3): 1056-1083.). Due to the poorly soluble nature of these compoundsThe water has low oral bioavailability and affects the absorption and utilization of intestinal epithelium. For example, mangiferin showed no change in xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity at a dose of 15.0mg/kg or more as compared with the control group (Niu Y et al reduce effect of mangiferin on serum uric acid levels in mice.pharmaceutical Biology,2012,50 (9): 1177-1182.). Rutin has very weak inhibition effect on xanthine oxidase and IC ₅₀ 48.66.+ -. 0.49. Mu. Mol/L (Chen Yucen et al, quercetin, rutin, gallic acid inhibit xanthine oxidase activity and kinetic properties modern food technology, 2020,36 (12): 118-124.). It can be seen that these monomeric or homostructural components have objective drawbacks and are not suitable for direct use in regulating purine metabolism.

The process for extracting the bioactive compounds such as mangiferin, rutin and the like from mango, pagodatree flower bud and tartary buckwheat is various, and has high efficiency and less impurities for extracting the monomer components or the components with the same structure. However, during the extraction process, some organic reagents, and organic acids or alkaloids released after exposure to metal ions, light, high temperature, oxygen, and cell disruption are added, and these physical and chemical factors destroy the C2-C3 double bonds, 5-OH and 7-OH of the bioactive compounds, resulting in a certain loss of activity and loss of some rare compounds. Other bioactive compounds such as saponins and volatile oils extracted from mango leaves, pagodatree flower bud and tartary buckwheat also have the problems of poor solubility and stability, extremely unstable content and easy loss. These problems also adversely affect the discovery and disclosure of the biological and pharmacological effects of the corresponding extracts.

The supermolecular system is a multi-molecular polymerization three-dimensional structure, has relatively high stability and solubility, and is easy to be directly absorbed by intestinal tracts. At present, reports of preparing a supermolecular system by utilizing mango leaves, pagodatree flowers, pagodatree flower buds and tartary buckwheat and regulating purine metabolism are not seen.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a supermolecular system for regulating purine metabolism and application thereof.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a supramolecular system for modulating purine metabolism, the supramolecular system comprising an active host unit component and an active protection unit component;

the active main unit component consists of organic particles (molecules) derived from mango leaves and pagodatree flower, pagodatree flower bud or tartary buckwheat seeds, and is a donor of a bioactive compound for regulating purine metabolism;

the active protecting unit component is cyclodextrin (such as beta-cyclodextrin and other oligosaccharides with a cyclic structure), and the cyclodextrin and the active main unit component interact with each other according to a proper mass ratio through weak hydrophobic interaction force and Van der Waals force to form a three-dimensional cyclic structure supermolecule, wherein the active protecting unit component prevents the active main unit component (especially the structure of a bioactive compound) from being damaged by light, high temperature, oxygen, metal ions, organic acid in cells or alkaloid and the like to reduce the bioactivity through wrapping organic particles derived from mango leaves-pagodatree flowers, mango leaves-pagodatree flower buds, mango leaves-tartary buckwheat seeds and the like.

Preferably, the supramolecular system further comprises an auxiliary unit component, which is a substance that is attached and/or free (e.g. partially attached, remaining free) outside the stereocyclic supramolecule and that exerts one or more of a taste modifying, stabilizing system, complexing metal ions.

Preferably, the auxiliary unit component is selected from one or two of pectin and stevioside; stevioside is a natural sweetener, can correct and improve taste, has certain renal vasodilation and diuretic effects, and can assist in regulating purine metabolism; pectin acts as a stabilizing system; the auxiliary unit component is gathered in a narrow space, and is complexed with the active protecting unit component to promote dispersion and dissolution, and absorption can be promoted by increasing system solubility.

Preferably, the stevioside is glycoside extracted from dry stevia leaf through soaking, fine filtering and purifying, and has stable character, no reaction with other material, no absorption, no heat production and no side reaction.

Preferably, the supermolecular system exists in the form of fine powder, and the fine powder is prepared from mango leaves, pagodatree flower bud or tartary buckwheat seeds serving as raw materials, and one or two of beta-cyclodextrin, pectin and stevioside.

Preferably, the dosage of the mango leaves is 355-502 parts by weight, the dosage of the pagodatree flowers is 531-719 parts by weight, the dosage of the beta-cyclodextrin is 1-2 times of the total mass of the mango leaves and the pagodatree flowers, and the dosage of the stevioside is 1-3 parts by weight.

Preferably, the dosage of the mango leaves is 355-502 parts by weight, the dosage of the pagodatree flower bud is 185-315 parts by weight, the dosage of the beta-cyclodextrin is 1-2 times of the total mass of the mango leaves and the pagodatree flower bud, and the dosage of the stevioside is 1-3 parts by weight.

Preferably, the dosage of the mango leaves and the tartary buckwheat seeds is 355-502 parts, 1573-2347 parts, the dosage of the beta-cyclodextrin is 1-2 times of the total mass of the mango leaves and the tartary buckwheat seeds, and the dosage of the stevioside is 1-3 parts.

Preferably, the dosage of the pectin is 0.2% -0.5% of the total mass of the mango leaves and the other raw materials (the raw materials of the pagodatree flower, the pagodatree flower bud or the tartary buckwheat seeds).

The supermolecule medicine for regulating purine metabolism includes 355-502 weight portions of mango leaf and 531-719 weight portions of pagodatree flower; or the medicine comprises 355-502 parts of mango leaves and 185-315 parts of pagodatree flower bud by weight; or the medicine comprises 355-502 parts of mango leaves and 1573-2347 parts of tartary buckwheat seeds.

Preferably, the medicine further comprises one or two of stevioside and pectin; the content of stevioside in the medicine is 1-3 parts, and pectin is 0.2% -0.5% of the total mass of mango leaves and another raw material (raw material pagodatree flower, pagodatree flower bud or tartary buckwheat seeds).

Preferably, the organic particles (molecules) derived from mango leaves and sophora flower, sophora flower bud or tartary buckwheat seeds are used for forming the supermolecule with the three-dimensional cyclic structure by utilizing cyclodextrin (such as beta-cyclodextrin) and through weak hydrophobic interaction force and van der Waals interaction.

The preparation method of the supermolecule medicine for regulating purine metabolism comprises the following steps:

mixing mango leaves with flos Sophorae Immaturus and cyclodextrin (e.g. beta-cyclodextrin), or mixing mango leaves with radix Et rhizoma Fagopyri Tatarici seed and cyclodextrin (e.g. beta-cyclodextrin); mixing the obtained mixture with water, and grinding in a colloid mill to obtain a polymer; mixing polymer with one or two of pectin and stevioside, drying, and pulverizing to obtain effective component of supermolecular medicine.

Preferably, the method specifically comprises the following steps:

1) Drying and pre-treating mango leaves and pagodatree flower, pagodatree flower bud or tartary buckwheat seeds to obtain corresponding raw materials (specifically, raw materials of mango leaves and pagodatree flower bud or raw materials of mango leaves and tartary buckwheat seeds);

2) Taking the raw materials mango leaves obtained in the step 1 and another raw material (raw materials pagodatree flower, pagodatree flower bud or tartary buckwheat seeds), and crushing and mixing the raw materials with beta-cyclodextrin which is 1-2 times of the total mass of the raw materials to obtain a raw material-cyclodextrin mixture (specifically called a mango leaf-pagodatree flower-cyclodextrin mixture, a mango leaf-pagodatree flower bud-cyclodextrin mixture or a mango leaf-tartary buckwheat seed-cyclodextrin mixture according to different raw materials);

3) Placing the mixture obtained in the step 2 and water with the mass 2-8 times of that of the mixture in a colloid mill, and grinding for 1-3 times at the temperature below 40 ℃ to obtain a polymer (specifically called mango leaf-pagodatree flower-cyclodextrin polymer, mango leaf-pagodatree flower-cyclodextrin polymer or mango leaf-tartary buckwheat-cyclodextrin polymer according to different raw materials);

4) And (3) uniformly stirring and mixing the polymer obtained in the step (3) with one or two of pectin and stevioside, then vacuum drying at 30-45 ℃ for 6-8 h, crushing, and sieving with a 100-120 mesh sieve to obtain organic fine powder (namely a mango leaf-pagodatree flower supermolecular system, a mango leaf-pagodatree flower supermolecular system or a mango leaf-tartary buckwheat seed supermolecular system).

Preferably, in the step 1, the mango leaves are washed, drained and dried until the water content is less than 10%, and then dried in vacuum at 30-45 ℃ for 6-8 hours, so that the drying pretreatment of the mango leaves is completed.

Preferably, in the step 1, the pagodatree flower bud is deactivated by steam for 3-5 minutes, and then dried in vacuum for 6-8 hours at the temperature of 30-45 ℃ to finish the drying pretreatment of the pagodatree flower bud.

Preferably, in the step 1, the pagodatree flower is dried in vacuum at the temperature of 30-45 ℃ for 6-8 h, and the drying pretreatment of the pagodatree flower is completed.

Preferably, in the step 1, the tartary buckwheat seeds are dried for 6 to 8 hours at the temperature of between 30 and 45 ℃ after being cleaned and dehulled, and then the drying pretreatment of the tartary buckwheat seeds is completed.

The application of the supermolecular system for regulating purine metabolism in preparing foods, health products or medicines for relieving and treating gout is provided.

Preferably, the food, health product or pharmaceutical preparation is in the form of a tea bag (for brewing), a granule (oral powder), a tablet or a capsule.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

according to the supermolecular system (namely the effective component of the supermolecular medicine), organic particles (molecules) in mango leaves and pagodatree flower, mango leaves and pagodatree flower bud or mango leaves and tartary buckwheat seeds are polymerized together, so that the xanthine oxidase inhibition activity is improved, and the effect of regulating purine metabolism is good (for example, the inhibition effect on xanthine oxidase activity is improved under the high uric acid level); meanwhile, by improving the solubility and stability of the system and reducing the influence of the physical and chemical characteristics (such as molecular weight, solubility and compound stability) of the compound on the bioavailability, the in-vivo basic utilization is better, and the individual difference of enzyme inhibition activity in application is eliminated to a certain extent, so that the symptoms of patients with hyperuricemia or gout can be effectively relieved.

Furthermore, the ratio of the raw materials in the invention better balances the relation between the threshold concentration level and the toxic dosage level of the system for realizing the application effect on the basis of improving the inhibition activity of xanthine oxidase, and also considers the principle of energy conservation in the preparation process.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows the results of monitoring the content of mangiferin, a bioactive compound in a supramolecular system.

FIG. 2 shows the results of monitoring the rutin content of the bioactive compound in the supramolecular system.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The described embodiments are exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

1. Preparation of supramolecular systems

1. Raw material obtaining (drying)

Picking mango leaves from 11 months to 1 month in the next year, removing impurities, cleaning, draining, airing until the water content is less than 10%, and carrying out vacuum drying at 45 ℃ for 6 hours.

Picking flos Sophorae Immaturus (i.e. flower bud of Sophora japonica L. Of Leguminosae), removing impurities such as pedicel, deactivating enzyme with steam (leaf temperature 80-85deg.C) for 3-5 min, and vacuum drying at 45deg.C for 6 hr.

Picking flos Sophorae Immaturus (flower of Sophora japonica L. Of Leguminosae), removing impurities such as pedicel, and vacuum drying at 45deg.C for 6 hr.

The tartary buckwheat seeds are cleaned, shelled and dried in vacuum at 45 ℃ for 6 hours.

2. Method of

The dried raw materials are taken according to the following three active main unit component precursors in parts by weight:

active host unit component precursor (1): 429 parts of mango leaves and 625 parts of pagodatree flower

Active host unit component precursor (2): 429 parts of mango leaves and 250 parts of pagodatree flower bud

Active host unit component precursor (3): 429 parts of mango leaves and 1960 part of tartary buckwheat seeds

And respectively adding beta-cyclodextrin according to the mass ratio of the precursor of each active main unit component to beta-cyclodextrin of 1:2, and crushing and mixing to obtain a mango leaf-pagodatree flower-cyclodextrin mixture, a mango leaf-pagodatree flower bud-cyclodextrin mixture and a mango leaf-tartary buckwheat seed-cyclodextrin mixture. Adding pure water according to the mass ratio of 1:8 of each mixture to pure water, respectively placing the mixture in a colloid mill, adjusting the colloid mill to a gap range of 10-30 mu m, and grinding for 2 times at the temperature below 40 ℃ to obtain mango leaf-pagodatree flower-cyclodextrin polymer, mango leaf-pagodatree flower-cyclodextrin polymer and mango leaf-tartary buckwheat seed-cyclodextrin polymer. Grinding, adding pectin at a ratio of 0.5wt% of precursor of each active main unit, adding 2 parts of stevioside, stirring, vacuum drying at 30-45deg.C for 6 hr to water content of no more than 9.0%, pulverizing, sieving with 100 mesh sieve to obtain organic fine powder, namely mango leaf-flos Sophorae Immaturus supermolecular system, and mango leaf-radix Et rhizoma Fagopyri Tatarici seed supermolecular system.

In the supermolecular system, organic particles in active main unit component precursors (mango leaves and pagodatree flower, mango leaves and pagodatree flower bud, mango leaves and tartary buckwheat seeds) are polymerized together through active protecting unit components (beta-cyclodextrin), and metal ions and a stabilizing system are complexed together with auxiliary unit components (pectin and stevioside), so that bioactive compounds of the active main unit components are dispersed and dissolved in a body.

2. Comparative example

1. The raw materials contain bioactive compounds

The mangiferin and rutin are active flavone compounds in mango leaves, flos Sophorae Immaturus, and radix Et rhizoma Fagopyri Tatarici seeds respectively. The chemical reagent mangiferin and rutin for test are taken as a comparative example 1 and a comparative example 2 respectively.

2. Preparation of multicomponent direct mixing system

The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding pure water (the mass ratio of the total mass of the raw materials to the pure water is 1:8) into 429 parts of mango leaves and 625 parts of pagodatree flowers obtained through drying, placing into a colloid mill, adjusting the colloid mill to a gap range of 10-30 mu m, grinding for 2 times below 40 ℃, rough filtering, vacuum drying filtrate at 30-45 ℃ for 6 hours until the water content is not more than 9.0%, adding pectin into the filtrate according to the proportion of 0.5wt% of the total mass of the raw materials for mixing, mixing with 2 parts of stevioside, crushing, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a mango leaf-pagodatree flower mixed system, and taking the mango leaf-pagodatree flower mixed system as a comparative example 3.

According to the preparation steps, 429 parts of mango leaves and 250 parts of pagodatree flower buds obtained by drying are utilized to prepare a mango leaf-pagodatree flower bud mixed system, and the mango leaf-pagodatree flower bud mixed system is used as comparative example 4.

According to the above preparation steps, using 429 parts of mango leaves and 1960 parts of tartary buckwheat seeds obtained by drying, a mango leaf-tartary buckwheat seed mixed system was prepared, and was used as comparative example 5.

3. Preparation of one-component aggregation systems

Referring to the preparation steps of the supermolecular system, the specific preparation steps are as follows:

and 429 parts of mango leaves obtained by drying are taken, and the dosage proportion of beta-cyclodextrin, pectin and stevioside is the same as that of the preparation of a supermolecular system.

Adding beta-cyclodextrin into mango leaves according to the mass ratio of the raw materials of the mango leaves to the beta-cyclodextrin being 1:2, crushing and mixing to obtain a mango leaf-cyclodextrin mixture, adding pure water according to the mass ratio of the mixture to the pure water being 1:8, placing the mixture in a colloid mill, adjusting the colloid mill to a gap range of 10-30 mu m, and grinding the mixture for 2 times below 40 ℃ to obtain the mango leaf-cyclodextrin polymer. Adding pectin according to the proportion of 0.5wt% of the mango leaves, adding 2 parts of stevioside, uniformly stirring, and vacuum drying at 30-45 ℃ for 6 hours to ensure that the water content is not more than 9.0%, crushing, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a single-component mango leaf collection system, wherein the single-component mango leaf collection system is used as comparative example 6.

According to the preparation steps, 625 parts of pagodatree flower, 250 parts of pagodatree flower bud and 1960 part of tartary buckwheat seed which are obtained by drying are respectively utilized to prepare pagodatree flower-cyclodextrin polymer, pagodatree flower bud-cyclodextrin polymer and tartary buckwheat seed-cyclodextrin polymer, pectin is added according to the proportion of 0.5 weight percent of the corresponding raw materials of pagodatree flower, pagodatree flower bud and tartary buckwheat seed, 2 parts of stevioside is added, uniformly stirred, dried in vacuum at 30-45 ℃ for 6 hours, the water content is not more than 9.0 percent, crushed and sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, and a single-component pagodatree flower aggregation system, a single-component pagodatree flower bud aggregation system and a single-component tartary buckwheat seed aggregation system are obtained, and are used as comparative examples 7, 8 and 9.

3. Solubility and stability experiments

The solubility and the content of the bioactive compound were measured using comparative examples 1 to 5 and each supramolecular system (mango leaf-pagodatree flower, mango leaf-pagodatree flower bud, mango leaf-tartary buckwheat seed) as test samples.

1. Solubility of

Taking a proper amount of each supermolecular system (mango leaf-pagodatree flower, mango leaf-pagodatree flower bud and mango leaf-tartary buckwheat seed) in comparative examples 1-5, placing the supermolecular systems into a solvent (water) at room temperature, stirring and dispersing uniformly by a glass rod, shaking forcefully every 3 minutes, and observing the dissolution condition within 30 minutes. If visually stable, the colloid is free of visible solute particles, i.e., considered to be completely dissolved. And carrying out solubility judgment according to the solubility regulation of Chinese pharmacopoeia.

2. Stability of

The flavonoid compound representatives of mangiferin and rutin are taken as test indexes, a proper amount of each supermolecular system (mango leaf-pagodatree flower, mango leaf-pagodatree flower bud and mango leaf-tartary buckwheat seed) is weighed in comparative examples 3-5, the mixture is placed in a constant temperature box at 37 ℃ and is illuminated, the flavonoid compound content (respectively calculated by mangiferin and rutin) is measured every 15 days according to the following method, and the stability (mainly observing the influence of oxidation, photolysis, hydrolysis and the like on bioactive compounds) is observed.

The mangiferin in the Chinese pharmacopoeia of 2015 edition is determined by adopting a high performance liquid chromatography method: octadecylsilane chemically bonded silica is used as a filler, and the mobile phase is acetonitrile-0.2% glacial acetic acid aqueous solution (15:85); the detection wavelength is 258nm, and the sample injection amount is 10 μl. The optimal flow rate is 1.0ml/min and the temperature is 30 ℃.

The rutin in the Chinese pharmacopoeia of 2015 edition is measured by adopting a high performance liquid chromatography method: octadecylsilane chemically bonded silica is used as a filler, and a mobile phase is methanol-1% glacial acetic acid solution (32:68); the detection wavelength is 257nm, and the sample injection amount is 10 μl. The optimal flow rate is 1.0ml/min and the temperature is 30 ℃.

3. Experimental results and analysis

TABLE 1 solubility determination data

Solute (solute)	Solute quality (mg)	Solvent volume (ml)	Solubility of
				Comparative example 1 (mangiferin)	8.9	100	Hardly soluble
Comparative example 2 (rutin)	9.6	100	Hardly soluble
				Comparative example 3 (mango leaf-pagodatree flower Mixed System)	36.1	100	Very slightly soluble
Supermolecule system (mango leaf-pagodatree flower group)	153.6	100	Slightly soluble
				Comparative example 4 (mango leaf-pagodatree flower bud Mixed System)	44.0	100	Very slightly soluble
Supermolecule system (mango leaf-pagodatree flower bud group)	202.1	100	Slightly soluble
				Comparative example 5 (mango leaf-tartary buckwheat seed Mixed System)	50.8	100	Very slightly soluble
Supermolecular system (mango leaf-tartary buckwheat seed group)	107.4	100	Slightly soluble

As shown in table 1, compared with comparative examples 1 and 2, the solubility of the supramolecular system (mango leaf-pagodatree flower, mango leaf-pagodatree flower bud, mango leaf-tartary buckwheat seed) is improved, and the solubility is improved from almost insoluble to slightly soluble; compared with comparative examples 3, 4 and 5, the solubility of the supermolecular system (mango leaf-pagodatree flower, mango leaf-pagodatree flower bud and mango leaf-tartary buckwheat seed) is improved, and the solubility is improved from very slightly soluble to slightly soluble.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, compared with comparative examples 3, 4 and 5, the content of the bioactive compounds represented by mangiferin and rutin in the supermolecular systems (mango leaf-pagodatree flower, mango leaf-pagodatree flower bud, mango leaf-tartary buckwheat seed) is only slightly reduced within 90 days, the reduction amplitude is smaller than that of the comparative examples, and the stability of each supermolecular system is generally better. The results on day 0 shown in fig. 1 and 2 show that the content of mangiferin and rutin in different supermolecular systems (mango leaf-pagodatree flower, mango leaf-pagodatree flower bud and mango leaf-tartary buckwheat seed) is higher than that of corresponding multicomponent direct mixed systems (comparative example 3, comparative example 4 and comparative example 5), so that the preparation steps of the supermolecular systems effectively avoid the loss of bioactive compounds in raw materials.

The solubility and stability experimental results show that the solubility of the supermolecule system is increased, and the solubility is improved by one to two levels; the content of bioactive compounds in the supermolecular system is only slightly reduced after 90 days of full exposure to light and oxygen, and the average content is higher than that of the multicomponent direct mixing system of the comparative example, and the reduction amplitude is smaller than that of the multicomponent direct mixing system of the comparative example, which indicates that the solubility of the supermolecular system is improved and the stability is also enhanced. Namely, the active main unit component, the active protection unit component and the auxiliary unit component are polymerized together to play roles in stabilizing a system of the bioactive compound in vitro and promoting dispersion and dissolution of the bioactive compound, and the roles are one of the bases of the supermolecular system for improving the inhibition activity of xanthine oxidase, so that the bioactive compound can be easily absorbed in a human body, and the xanthine oxidase can be improved to regulate purine metabolism.

4. Xanthine oxidase Activity assay

1. Grouping experiments

The potassium oxazinate is weighed and added into a proper amount of physiological saline, and the concentration of the potassium oxazinate solution is 80mmol/L.

Male Kunming mice were randomly divided into 8 groups of 6, each of which was a normal control group, a potassium oxazinate group, a comparative example 3 (mango leaf-pagodatree flower mixed system) acting group, a supramolecular system (mango leaf-pagodatree flower mixed system) acting group, a comparative example 4 (mango leaf-pagodatree flower bud mixed system) acting group, a supramolecular system (mango leaf-pagodatree flower bud) acting group, a comparative example 5 (mango leaf-tartary buckwheat seed mixed system) acting group, and a supramolecular system (mango leaf-tartary buckwheat seed) acting group, respectively. The normal control group and the potassium oxazinate group are filled with the equal volume of pure water in the stomach, and the other six groups respectively weigh the corresponding multicomponent direct mixed system or supermolecular system according to the maximum dose of 3.1 g/(kg.d) (the maximum dose is below the dose of the acute effect of toxicity of the chemidus library) and evenly disperse in the pure water for gastric administration. In addition to normal control groups injected with normal saline, the other groups were injected with 15ml/kg of the potassium oxazinate solution intraperitoneally for 7 days. After the injection on day 6, no water was forbidden for fasting. After 1 hour of injection on day 7, the liver is dissected and extracted after 2 hours of gastric lavage, a proper amount of liver tissue is weighed, the extract is added, ice bath homogenate is carried out, and the supernatant is obtained after centrifugation at the temperature of 8000g for 10 minutes at 4 ℃. The activity of the enzyme is detected by using a xanthine oxidase detection kit.

According to the above procedure, further action experiments of the single component aggregate systems prepared in comparative examples 6 to 9 were conducted to detect xanthine oxidase activity.

2. Experimental results and analysis

The detection data of xanthine oxidase activity in liver tissue were subjected to inter-group significance test by SPSS Statistics 24 software, and the significance test was performed by t-test. The catalytic production of 1. Mu. Mol uric acid per minute is defined as one enzyme activity unit (U).

TABLE 2 statistics of xanthine oxidase Activity detection data of supermolecule System and Mixed System

Note that: ^a indicating that each group was compared with the normal control group, and P < 0.01; ^b indicating that each group was compared with the normal control group, and P < 0.05; "significance" means that the P value was taken as compared to the comparative example. U/g prot is an expression of an enzyme activity unit, and represents that all compounds contained in a substance to be tested regulate xanthine oxidase catalytic activity under a certain dosage, in particular by detecting the enzyme activity unit of each gram of liver protein.

From Table 2, compared with the normal control group, the xanthine oxidase activity is obviously reduced under the action of the multicomponent direct mixing system and each supermolecule system (mango leaf-pagodatree flower, mango leaf-pagodatree flower bud and mango leaf-tartary buckwheat seed) prepared in comparative examples 3-5; compared with comparative examples 3 and 5, the corresponding supermolecular systems (mango leaf-pagodatree flower, mango leaf-tartary buckwheat seed) greatly reduce xanthine oxidase activity; the corresponding supramolecular system (mango leaf-pagodatree flower bud) significantly decreased xanthine oxidase activity compared to comparative example 4.

Based on the significant decrease of xanthine oxidase activity under the action of supermolecular system (table 2), xanthine oxidase activity under the action of single component aggregation system was detected and compared with supermolecular system.

TABLE 3 significance of the differences in the action of xanthine oxidase in the supramolecular system and in the one-component aggregate system (P)

From Table 3, compared with the group of comparative example 6 (single component mango leaf aggregate system), the xanthine oxidase activity was significantly/extremely significantly decreased (P value 0.037,0.002,0.009) under the action of the supramolecular system (mango leaf-pagodatree flower, mango leaf-pagodatree flower bud, mango leaf-tartary buckwheat seed); compared with the group of comparative example 7 (single-component pagodatree flower aggregation system), the xanthine oxidase activity is remarkably reduced (P value is 0.03) under the action of the supermolecular system (mango leaf-pagodatree flower); compared with the group of comparative example 8 (single-component pagodatree flower bud aggregate system), the activity of xanthine oxidase is obviously reduced (P value is 0.019) under the action of a supermolecule system (mango leaf-pagodatree flower bud); compared with the group of comparative example 9 (single-component tartary buckwheat seed collection system), the xanthine oxidase activity is remarkably reduced (P value is 0.013) under the action of the supermolecule system (mango leaf-tartary buckwheat seed).

The detection of xanthine oxidase activity associated with purine metabolism may reflect the in vivo status of purine metabolism. The activity of xanthine oxidase is reduced under the action of the supermolecular system, and the effect results of the supermolecular system and the multicomponent direct mixed system (comparative examples 3-5) and the single-component aggregation system (comparative examples 6-9) are obviously or extremely obviously different, which shows that the supermolecular system can effectively inhibit the activity of xanthine oxidase.

The results of xanthine oxidase activity experiments show that the supermolecular system shows stronger xanthine oxidase inhibition than comparative examples 3-9, and can correct purine metabolic disorders in vivo to a certain extent by slowing down more purine metabolism. The improvement of the inhibition effect of xanthine oxidase of the supramolecular system is not only due to the more effective protection of bioactive compounds in the preparation of the supramolecular system (involving raw materials, auxiliary materials and processes), but also due to the synergistic effect of the combination of the raw materials in improving the inhibition activity of xanthine oxidase. Overall, the supermolecular system fully utilizes the multi-component active compounds, and the effect is obviously better than that of a multi-component direct mixing system and a single-component aggregation system.

5. Application of supermolecular system in food, health-care product and medicine

1. Dosage form product of supermolecular system

Example 1

Taking mango leaf-tartary buckwheat seed fine powder (namely a mango leaf-tartary buckwheat seed supermolecular system), adding a proper amount of starch slurry, uniformly mixing the starch slurry, granulating, drying wet granules at 40-50 ℃, and tabletting to obtain tablets.

Example 2

Weighing mango leaf-pagodatree flower fine powder (namely mango leaf-pagodatree flower supermolecular system), packaging with base paper for food packaging, and sealing bags to obtain the tea bag.

Example 3

Weighing mango leaf-pagodatree flower bud fine powder (namely mango leaf-pagodatree flower bud supermolecular system), subpackaging into medical enteric hollow capsules, wherein the filling quantity difference limit is within +/-10.0% of marked filling quantity (or average filling quantity), and obtaining the capsules.

2. Human body application test

The raw materials used in the preparation of the comparative example and the supermolecular system (mango leaf-pagodatree flower, mango leaf-pagodatree flower bud and mango leaf-tartary buckwheat seed) are homologous in medicine and food, wherein more bioactive compounds exist, and the absorption parts of the human body are concentrated in intestinal tracts. The auxiliary materials used by the preparation not only accord with the standard of food safety national Standard food additive, but also are beneficial to intestinal absorption. Therefore, the medical enteric capsules (prepared by referring to example 3) filled with the mango leaf-pagodatree flower bud mixed system prepared in comparative example 4 and the capsules with the same specification filled with the mango leaf-pagodatree flower bud fine powder prepared in example 3 are tested, and the effects of regulating purine metabolism and correcting purine disorders are observed.

The subjects were from the western security home care facility and the test start-stop times were from 1 month in 2019 to 8 months in 2021 (including the whole process from raw material preparation, formulation until population experimental data analysis and finishing).

2.1 subject screening

Patients diagnosed with gout have at least any one of the following conditions and repeated attacks according to the diagnosis and treatment codes of gout and hyperuricemia base layer diagnosis and treatment codes: (1) single arthritis onset; (2) visible redness of the joint; (3) pain or swelling of the first metatarsophalangeal joint; (4) shan Cedi the plantar-toe joint is affected; (5) unilateral tarsal joint involvement;

the uric acid lowering drug treatment is not carried out;

acute onset of non-gout (acute onset symptoms are severe, pain is hard to meet the needs of urgent medical care so as not to delay illness);

the subject is female, and the age is over 55 years (in medicine, female under 55 years old is protected by estrogen, symptoms are not obvious, and experimental results are affected);

a non-estrogen administration period;

taboo: liver and kidney dysfunction; has serious chronic basic disease; is allergic to the raw materials and auxiliary materials of the product.

2.2 detection index

The main indexes are as follows: the main index reflects the purine metabolism in the body. Symptom indexes which can be objectively described in gout diagnosis and treatment standard and gout and hyperuricemia basic diagnosis and treatment guide comprise attack frequency; single arthritis onset; visible redness of the joint; pain or swelling of the first metatarsophalangeal joint; shan Cedi the plantar-toe joint is affected; unilateral tarsal joint involvement. Inflammation of the joints, redness of the joints, pain or swelling of the joints, so that the joints are affected, and the severity/severity of these symptoms is positively correlated with the degree of purine metabolic disorder in the body.

Auxiliary indexes: blood uric acid (detected by a household uric acid detector).

2.3 procedure and results

In view of the limited number of subjects and longer test time, 6 subjects were selected from the group of comparative example 4 (mango leaf-pagodatree flower bud mixed system) and the group of supramolecular system (mango leaf-pagodatree flower bud).

Under the condition that life habits of original diet, exercise and the like are not changed, the selected subjects orally take enteric capsules (with the specification of 300 mg) on an empty stomach or before meal, take 4-5 capsules once and 4 times a day for 90 days, observe main index changes and adverse reactions every day, and detect blood uric acid every 15 days or 30 days.

Finally, the test conditions are completed: the comparative example 4 group was 4 persons, the supramolecular system (mango leaf-pagodatree flower bud) group was 5 persons (no digestive tract symptoms such as abdominal distension and abdominal pain, no urinary system symptoms such as pain in the urine and other adverse symptoms of the whole body were observed during the test period, and the subjects 4 and 9 showed very slight diarrhea with stool dilution on day 2 after taking, and after 2 days the adverse reaction disappeared, possibly related to bitter and cool taste of pagodatree or to living daily life thereof), and the results were shown in tables 4-1 and 4-2.

TABLE 4-1 test results of the supramolecular System (mango leaf-pagodatree flower bud) group

TABLE 4-2 test results for comparative example 4 (mango leaf-pagodatree flower bud Mixed System) group

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As shown in tables 4-1 and 4-2, for the mild symptoms, compared with the subjects 1 and 3 of the comparative example 4, the symptoms of the supermolecular system group subjects 5, 6 and 9 are substantially completely disappeared after taking the capsules for 30 to 60 days, and the auxiliary index uric acid is also reduced; for the heavier symptoms, subject 7 and subject 8 of the supramolecular system group had significantly reduced affected joint pain or swelling after 90 days of administration compared to subjects 2 and 4 of comparative example 4.

The results of the human application test, the solubility, the stability and the animal test are combined to show that the supermolecular system utilizes the advantages of the supermolecular system in inhibiting the activity of xanthine oxidase, has better effects of regulating purine metabolism in vivo and correcting purine metabolic disturbance, and is superior to the comparative example, especially for the slightly symptomatic patients.

6. Characteristics of the supermolecular System

1. The supermolecule system of the invention is applied to regulating purine metabolism of human body for the first time, and has good effect of regulating purine metabolism, especially for slightly symptomatic patients.

The supermolecular system is verified on an animal experiment platform, the purine metabolism regulating effect of the supermolecular system is obviously superior to that of a multi-component direct mixed system and a single-component aggregate system of mango leaves, pagodatree flowers, pagodatree flower buds, tartary buckwheat seeds and the like, and main indexes are relieved or completely disappeared in 30-90 days in a gout patient human body application test.

2. The supermolecular system of the invention has high bioavailability and can be better absorbed in intestinal epithelium.

Compared with mango leaves, pagodatree flowers, pagodatree flower buds, tartary buckwheat extracts (such as mangiferin and rutin, for example), and a multi-component direct mixing system of mango leaves-pagodatree flowers, mango leaves-pagodatree flower buds and mango leaves-tartary buckwheat seeds, the solubility of the supermolecular system is improved.

3. The bioactive components in the supermolecular system of the present invention are stable.

Compared with a multi-component direct mixing system of mango leaves-pagodatree flowers, mango leaves-pagodatree flowers and mango leaves-tartary buckwheat seeds, the supermolecule system has high stability, and the supermolecule system can resist the influence of factors such as illumination, high temperature, oxygen, metal ions and the like.

4. The supermolecular system of the invention keeps all the active ingredients contained in the mango leaves, the pagodatree flower bud and the tartary buckwheat seeds as completely as possible on the basis of stabilizing the bioactive substances in the mango leaves, the pagodatree flower bud and the pagodatree leaf-tartary buckwheat seeds, avoids the damage of physical and chemical factors, polymerizes the bioactive compounds in the mango leaves, the pagodatree flower bud and the mango leaves and the tartary buckwheat seeds together, increases the solubility, ensures that the bioactive compounds are easy to be absorbed by human bodies, and improves and regulates the purine metabolism effect.

5. The supermolecule system of the invention has the advantages that the raw materials are derived from natural plants, the supermolecule system is safe and has no toxic or side effect, the source distribution of the plant raw materials is wide, and the supermolecule system is suitable for industrial production.

6. The supermolecular system (mango leaf-pagodatree flower, mango leaf-pagodatree flower bud and mango leaf-tartary buckwheat seed) can be prepared into tea bags, or tablets and capsules according to the requirements, and is convenient to eat and take.

Claims

1. A supramolecular drug for regulating purine metabolism, characterized in that: the supermolecular medicine consists of active main unit component, active protecting unit component and auxiliary unit component; the active main unit component is organic particles of mango leaves and pagodatree flower, organic particles of mango leaves and pagodatree flower bud or organic particles of mango leaves and tartary buckwheat seeds, and is a donor of a bioactive compound for regulating purine metabolism; the active protecting unit component is beta-cyclodextrin, and forms a three-dimensional cyclic structure supermolecule through interaction with the active main unit component; the auxiliary unit components are pectin and stevioside; the supermolecular medicine exists in the form of fine powder, and the fine powder is prepared from 355-502 parts of mango leaves and 531-719 parts of sophora flower, 355-502 parts of mango leaves and 185-315 parts of sophora flower bud or 355-502 parts of mango leaves and 1573-2347 parts of tartary buckwheat seeds, beta-cyclodextrin, pectin and stevioside, wherein the content of the stevioside is 1-3 parts, and the pectin is 0.2% -0.5% of the total mass of the mango leaves and the sophora flower, the mango leaves and the sophora flower bud or the mango leaves and the tartary buckwheat seeds.

2. A method of preparing a supramolecular drug for modulating purine metabolism according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:

mixing the mango leaves with the pagodatree flower and the beta-cyclodextrin, or mixing the mango leaves with the pagodatree flower bud and the beta-cyclodextrin, or mixing the mango leaves with the tartary buckwheat seeds and the beta-cyclodextrin; mixing the obtained mixture with water, and grinding in a colloid mill to obtain a polymer; mixing polymer with pectin and stevioside, drying, and pulverizing to obtain effective components of supermolecular medicine.

3. Use of the supramolecular drug for modulating purine metabolism according to claim 1 for the manufacture of a medicament for alleviating, treating gout.

4. A use according to claim 3, characterized in that: the preparation form of the medicine is granule, tablet or capsule.