CN114884552B - Ground communication method based on satellite network - Google Patents
Ground communication method based on satellite network Download PDFInfo
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- CN114884552B CN114884552B CN202110534160.4A CN202110534160A CN114884552B CN 114884552 B CN114884552 B CN 114884552B CN 202110534160 A CN202110534160 A CN 202110534160A CN 114884552 B CN114884552 B CN 114884552B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
- H04B7/18519—Operations control, administration or maintenance
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W80/00—Wireless network protocols or protocol adaptations to wireless operation
- H04W80/08—Upper layer protocols
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The application relates to the field of satellite communication, in particular to a ground communication method based on a satellite network, which is used for communicating satellites and comprises the following steps: receiving a first air interface signal sent by a first satellite terminal positioned in a first wave beam; modulating and demodulating the first air interface signal to obtain a transmission signal; transmitting a request signaling to a gateway station based on the transmission signal; receiving a response signaling sent by the gateway station; acquiring the position of the second satellite terminal based on the response signaling; and when the second satellite terminal is positioned in the coverage area of the communication satellite, modulating and demodulating the transmission signal to obtain and send a second air interface signal to the second satellite terminal.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of satellite communication, in particular to a ground communication method based on a satellite network.
Background
At present, the traditional satellite communication system mostly adopts a working mode of transparent processing signals and resource pre-allocation on a satellite to provide point-to-point data transmission service for users, and cannot support random access and mobility management of massive users. The DVB-S2X standard provides physical layer and MAC layer protocols, but lacks multi-user access and mobility management higher layer protocols and does not support inter-satellite chain based constellation networks well. The solution of the integration of satellite communication and 5G NR technology proposed by Sat5G is based on a working mode of transparent forwarding on a satellite and signal processing on the ground, and has the problem of larger satellite-to-ground signal transmission delay.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the application provides a ground communication method based on a satellite network, which solves the problem of larger satellite-ground signal transmission delay in some scenes.
According to an aspect of the present application, a ground communication method based on a satellite network is provided, for a communication satellite, including:
receiving a first air interface signal sent by a first satellite terminal positioned in a first wave beam;
modulating and demodulating the first air interface signal to obtain a transmission signal;
transmitting a request signaling to a gateway station based on the transmission signal;
receiving a response signaling sent by the gateway station;
acquiring the position of the second satellite terminal based on the response signaling;
and when the second satellite terminal is positioned in the coverage area of the communication satellite, modulating and demodulating the transmission signal to obtain and send a second air interface signal to the second satellite terminal.
According to some embodiments, the foregoing method further comprises: and when the second satellite terminal is positioned outside the coverage area of the communication satellite, transmitting the transmission signal to the second communication satellite, wherein the coverage area of the second communication satellite comprises the position of the second satellite terminal.
According to some embodiments, the second communication satellite is configured to modulate and demodulate the transmission signal to obtain a second air interface signal and send the second air interface signal to the second satellite terminal.
According to some embodiments, when the second satellite terminal is located within the coverage area of the communication satellite, modulating and demodulating the transmission signal obtains and sends a second air interface signal to the second satellite terminal, including: and when the second satellite terminal is positioned in the first wave beam, modulating and demodulating the transmission signal to obtain and send a second air interface signal to the second satellite terminal positioned in the first wave beam.
According to some embodiments, when the second satellite terminal is located within the coverage area of the communication satellite, modulating and demodulating the transmission signal obtains and sends a second air interface signal to the second satellite terminal, and further including: and when the second satellite terminal is positioned in a second wave beam, modulating and demodulating the transmission signal to obtain and send a second air interface signal to the second satellite terminal positioned in the second wave beam, wherein the second wave beam is another wave beam different from the first wave beam.
According to some embodiments, after the modulating and demodulating the first air interface signal to obtain a transmission signal, the method further includes: and sending the transmission signal to the gateway station.
According to an aspect of the present application, there is provided a communication system for a communication satellite, comprising: an active antenna processing unit for receiving a first air interface signal sent by a first satellite terminal; when a second satellite terminal is positioned in the coverage area of the communication satellite, a second air interface signal is sent to the second satellite terminal; the distributed processing unit is used for modulating and demodulating the first air interface signal to obtain a transmission signal; when the second satellite terminal is positioned in the coverage area of the communication satellite, modulating and demodulating the transmission signal to obtain the second air interface signal; a centralized processing unit which transmits a request signaling to a gateway station based on the transmission signal; the centralized processing unit is used for receiving a response signal sent by the gateway station; and the centralized processing unit is also used for obtaining the position of the second satellite terminal based on the response signaling.
The beneficial effects of this application:
according to some embodiments, the method provided by the application enables the modulation and demodulation steps of the air interface signals to be carried out on the satellite, and reduces the frequency of satellite-ground signal transmission, so that the transmission time delay of the signals is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art from these drawings without departing from the scope of protection of the present application.
Fig. 1 shows a prior art schematic diagram of a satellite network based terrestrial communication method according to an embodiment.
Fig. 2 shows a flow chart of a satellite network based ground communication method according to an example embodiment.
Fig. 3 shows a block diagram of a satellite network based terrestrial communication method according to an example embodiment.
Fig. 4 shows a block diagram of a communication system for a communication satellite according to an example embodiment.
Fig. 5 shows a block diagram of a 5G NR network architecture according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the exemplary embodiments can be embodied in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and thus a repetitive description thereof will be omitted.
The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of the disclosure. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the disclosed aspects may be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, components, materials, devices, or the like. In these instances, well-known structures, methods, devices, implementations, materials, or operations are not shown or described in detail.
The flow diagrams depicted in the figures are exemplary only, and do not necessarily include all of the elements and operations/steps, nor must they be performed in the order described. For example, some operations/steps may be decomposed, and some operations/steps may be combined or partially combined, so that the order of actual execution may be changed according to actual situations.
The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application and in the above-described figures, are used for distinguishing between different objects and not for describing a particular sequential order. Furthermore, the terms "comprise" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those listed steps or elements but may include other steps or elements not listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The current satellite communication network generally adopts a processing mode of transparent forwarding on a signal satellite, so that modulation and demodulation of an air interface signal can be completed through a gateway station, therefore, the signal can be transmitted to a destination terminal after being transmitted among satellites for many times during communication, and the problem of larger satellite-to-ground transmission delay exists.
Based on the method, the ground communication method based on the satellite network enables the modulation and demodulation steps of the air interface signals to be carried out on the satellite, and the frequency of satellite-to-ground signal transmission is reduced, so that the problem of larger satellite-to-ground signal transmission delay in some scenes is solved.
Fig. 1 shows a prior art schematic diagram of a satellite network based terrestrial communication method according to an embodiment.
According to an embodiment, the communication satellite in the existing satellite communication technology only forwards the air interface signal transparently, the transparent forwarding means not processing the signal but only forwarding, so that the air interface signal needs to pass through the process of the first satellite terminal, the communication satellite, the gateway station to complete the modulation and demodulation of the first air interface signal even in the case of peer-to-peer communication, and then passes through the gateway station, the communication satellite, the second satellite terminal to send the second air interface signal, thus the wireless signal can be subjected to 4 transmissions from the ground to the sky. According to one embodiment, the propagation speed of the electromagnetic wave carrying the wireless signal is the light speed, which is about 3×10 8 In m/s, most communication satellites are usually at a height of tens of thousands of kilometers, the geosynchronous satellite is about 35786km, the theoretical time consumed by the electromagnetic wave after 4 times of heaven-earth turn-back can be calculated approximately from these values to be about 0.477s, namely 477ms, and the delay time can be about 700ms with the constraint of signal processing time and actual objective condition.
Fig. 2 shows a flow chart of a satellite network based ground communication method according to an example embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1, at S201, a first air interface signal transmitted by a first satellite terminal located in a first beam is received.
According to an exemplary embodiment, the beam is a "region" for dividing the transmission signal under the same satellite coverage, which is not limited to the spatial domain, and may be, for example, a time division (i.e., frequency division), a frequency division (frequency division, i.e., code division), a code division (i.e., area division), a domain division (area division) beam, defined by the communication satellite, so that different signals may be separated, and the satellite terminals within the beam coverage may communicate with the communication satellite.
According to an exemplary embodiment, for the same satellite, multiple beams may be generated, where the first beam is a beam covering the first satellite terminal, that is, a beam where the first satellite terminal is located, which will not be described in detail.
According to an example embodiment, the satellite terminal is a terminal that directly communicates with a satellite, and may be, for example, a vehicle satellite terminal, where the first satellite terminal is an initiator of satellite communication in this embodiment, and the second satellite terminal corresponding to the first satellite terminal is a participant of satellite communication, that is, a target connection party for establishing satellite communication by the first satellite terminal, which will not be described in detail.
According to an exemplary embodiment, referring to the block diagram of fig. 3, this satellite terminal corresponds therein to UE (User Equipment), i.e. the user equipment.
According to an exemplary embodiment, the Air Interface is an "Air Interface" which is a communication link for mobile device transmissions, involving the physical layer and the link layer in the OSI model. Its physical connection is typically based on radio broadcast signals providing point-to-point links for e.g. base stations and mobile terminals.
According to an exemplary embodiment, the air interface signal is an analog signal, supporting only point-to-point transmission, e.g., satellite terminal to communication satellite, without signal routing functionality.
According to an exemplary embodiment, reference is made to the block diagram of fig. 3, in which AAU (Active Antenna Unit) on the satellite is an active antenna processing unit, and is configured to receive an air interface signal sent by a satellite terminal, and also configured to send the air interface signal to the satellite terminal.
In S203, the modem processes the first air interface signal to obtain a transmission signal.
According to an exemplary embodiment, referring to the block diagram of fig. 3, DU (Distributed Unit) is a distributed processing unit, where the distributed processing unit may implement modulating and demodulating an air interface signal on a satellite to obtain a transmission signal, and analyze information interaction between a satellite terminal and the satellite in real time.
According to an example embodiment, after the AAU receives the first air interface signal sent by the first satellite terminal, the AAU sends the first air interface signal to the DU for signal modulation and demodulation processing. The method is characterized in that the communication delay generated by a satellite communication system is mainly caused by long-distance transmission of electromagnetic waves, the method can complete the modulation and demodulation processing of the air interface signal only once after the distance from the ground to the communication satellite is passed, the air interface signal interaction and wireless resource scheduling efficiency and the frequency spectrum utilization rate are improved, the communication delay is reduced, and therefore the clock synchronization precision is also improved.
According to an example embodiment, the transmission signals generated by modulating and demodulating the air interface signals are digital signals, and after being packaged into data packets, the routing forwarding between communication satellites and from the communication satellites to the gateway station can be realized, so that compared with the air interface signals with analog signals, the air interface signals have higher transmission freedom, and the processing and transmission processes can be optimized based on the transmission freedom.
At S205, request signaling is transmitted to the gateway station based on the transmission signal.
According to an exemplary embodiment, the transmission signal encapsulates the information related to the second satellite terminal, but to find the communication satellite and the beam coverage information where the second satellite terminal is located, the request is obtained by requesting the ground gateway station, and therefore a request signal needs to be sent to the gateway station to obtain the information.
According to an exemplary embodiment, reference is made to the block diagram of fig. 3, in which CU (Centralized Unit) is a centralized processing unit, in which virtual network elements AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function), i.e. access and mobility management functions, are integrated to enable handling of intra-beam user mobility event management based on hop beams on a communication satellite and intra-communication satellite radio resource allocation, and to enable terminal call admission control, e.g. communication between communication satellite terminals. Signal transmission between communication satellites is performed by CUs, and an Xn logical interface between CUs is carried by an Inter-Satellite Link (Inter-Satellite Link). Communication between the communication satellite and the gateway station is also performed by the CU, carrying the N2/N3 logical interface via Feeder links (Feeder links). The inter-satellite link, feeder link, xn logic interface, and N2/N3 logic interface are all common general knowledge in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
In S207, the response signaling transmitted by the gateway station is received.
At S209, the location of the second satellite terminal is obtained based on the response signaling.
According to an exemplary embodiment, the foregoing steps are followed, in which the gateway station sends a reply signal back to the communication satellite, the reply signal having therein the communication satellite and the beam coverage information in which the second satellite terminal is located. Based on the response signaling, a transmission signal can be sent to the second satellite terminal.
According to an embodiment, the second satellite terminal may be within the same beam under the same communication satellite as the first satellite terminal.
According to another embodiment, the second satellite terminal may also be in a different beam under the same communication satellite as the first satellite terminal.
According to another embodiment, the second satellite terminal may also be located under a different communication satellite coverage than the first satellite terminal.
At S211, when the second satellite terminal is located within the coverage area of the communication satellite, the modem transmission signal obtains and transmits a second air interface signal to the second satellite terminal.
According to an example embodiment, the second air interface signal in the embodiment of the present application is an air interface signal received by the second satellite terminal, which is not described in detail later.
According to an exemplary embodiment, the CU receives the transmission signal after the DU modulation and demodulation, finds the second satellite terminal according to the target, and when the second satellite terminal and the first satellite terminal are covered by the same beam of the same communication satellite, the CU sends the transmission signal to the DU, modulates and demodulates the transmission signal into the second air interface signal by the DU, and sends the second air interface signal to the second satellite terminal located in the same beam, that is, the first beam through the AAU.
According to an example embodiment, when the CU receives the transmission signal after the DU modulation and demodulation, the second satellite terminal is found according to the target, and the second satellite terminal and the first satellite terminal are under coverage of different beams of the same communication satellite, for example, the second satellite terminal is in a second beam different from the first beam in the same communication satellite, the CU sends the transmission signal to the DU, modulates and demodulates the transmission signal into a second air interface signal, and then sends the second air interface signal to the second satellite terminal located in the second beam through the AAU.
According to an example embodiment, when the CU receives the DU modulated transmission signal, the second satellite terminal is found according to the target, and the second satellite terminal is under coverage of a different communication satellite, i.e., the second communication satellite, from the first satellite terminal. According to an embodiment, the second communication satellite may not be adjacent to the original communication satellite, i.e. the CU of the second communication satellite cannot directly communicate with the CU of the original communication satellite, and then the CU of the original communication satellite sends the transmission signal to the CU of the next communication satellite in the link, and sequentially transfers the transmission signal until reaching the CU of the second communication satellite, and the CU of the second communication satellite sends the transmission signal to the DU thereof, and modulates and demodulates the transmission signal into a second air interface signal by the DU thereof, and then sends the second air interface signal to the second satellite terminal located in the beam of the second communication satellite through the AAU of the second communication satellite.
According to an exemplary embodiment, the scenario described in the foregoing embodiment is applied to peer-to-peer communication, and if the satellite terminal needs to access the core network resource, after the DU modem air interface signal obtains the transmission signal, the CU is required to send the transmission signal to the gateway station on the ground.
According to an exemplary embodiment, following the foregoing steps, when the gateway station on the ground returns a signal, the CU needs to receive the transmission signal sent by the gateway station, obtain an air interface signal by modulation and demodulation of the DU, and send the air interface signal back to the satellite terminal through the AAU.
According to an exemplary embodiment, referring to the schematic diagram of the prior art shown in fig. 1, in the method provided in the present application, the wireless signal undergoes 2 transmissions from the ground to the sky, and compared with the prior art, at least half of the transmission distance is optimized, so that the overall communication delay is reduced.
According to some embodiments, when the second satellite terminal is under coverage of other communication satellites, in the existing satellite communication, the experience process of searching for the second satellite terminal is that the first satellite terminal, the communication satellite, the first gateway station, the second communication satellite, the second satellite terminal, that is, the wireless signal needs to be converted into a wired signal at the first gateway station and transmitted to the second gateway station through wired transmission in the process of leading to the second communication satellite, so that the processing time length and the transmission distance of the signal are greatly increased.
According to an embodiment, referring to fig. 5, the method of the embodiments of the present application may be implemented with reference to the network architecture of 5 GNRs and network elements therein.
Fig. 4 shows a block diagram of a communication system for a communication satellite according to an example embodiment.
As shown in fig. 4, the communication system for a communication satellite includes an active antenna processing unit 401, a distributed processing unit 403, and a centralized processing unit 405, wherein:
an active antenna processing unit 401, configured to receive a first air interface signal sent by a first satellite terminal;
a distributed processing unit 403, configured to modulate and demodulate the first air interface signal to obtain a transmission signal;
a centralized processing unit 405 that transmits a request signaling to the gateway station based on the transmission signal; receiving a response signaling sent by the gateway station; acquiring the position of the second satellite terminal based on the response signaling; and judging that when the second satellite terminal is positioned in the coverage area of the communication satellite, the modulation and demodulation transmission signal is obtained and a second air interface signal is sent to the second satellite terminal.
The system performs functions similar to those provided above, and other functions may be found in the foregoing description and will not be repeated here.
The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the more detailed description of embodiments of the present application, wherein specific examples have been provided herein to illustrate the principles and embodiments of the present application, and wherein the above examples are provided to assist in the understanding of the methods and concepts of the present application. Meanwhile, based on the ideas of the present application, those skilled in the art can make changes or modifications on the specific embodiments and application scope of the present application, which belong to the scope of the protection of the present application. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the application.
Claims (7)
1. A satellite network-based terrestrial communication method for communicating with satellites, comprising:
receiving a first air interface signal sent by a first satellite terminal positioned in a first wave beam;
modulating and demodulating the first air interface signal to obtain a transmission signal;
transmitting a request signaling to a gateway station based on the transmission signal;
receiving a response signaling sent by the gateway station;
acquiring the position of the second satellite terminal based on the response signaling;
and when the second satellite terminal is positioned in the coverage area of the communication satellite, modulating and demodulating the transmission signal to obtain and send a second air interface signal to the second satellite terminal.
2. The method as recited in claim 1, further comprising:
and when the second satellite terminal is positioned outside the coverage area of the communication satellite, transmitting the transmission signal to the second communication satellite, wherein the coverage area of the second communication satellite comprises the position of the second satellite terminal.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the second communication satellite is configured to modulate and demodulate the transmission signal to obtain a second air interface signal and send the second air interface signal to the second satellite terminal.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein said modulating the transmission signal to obtain and transmit a second air interface signal to the second satellite terminal when the second satellite terminal is within the coverage area of the communication satellite comprises:
and when the second satellite terminal is positioned in the first wave beam, modulating and demodulating the transmission signal to obtain and send a second air interface signal to the second satellite terminal positioned in the first wave beam.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein said demodulating the transmission signal and transmitting a second air interface signal to the second satellite terminal when the second satellite terminal is within the coverage area of the communication satellite further comprises:
when the second satellite terminal is located in the second beam, modulating and demodulating the transmission signal case number: a201396CI
And obtaining and transmitting a second air interface signal to the second satellite terminal positioned in the second beam, wherein the second beam is another beam different from the first beam.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein said demodulating said first air-interface signal to obtain a transmission signal further comprises:
and sending the transmission signal to the gateway station.
7. A communication system for a communication satellite, comprising:
an active antenna processing unit for receiving a first air interface signal sent by a first satellite terminal; when a second satellite terminal is positioned in the coverage area of the communication satellite, a second air interface signal is sent to the second satellite terminal;
the distributed processing unit is used for modulating and demodulating the first air interface signal to obtain a transmission signal; when the second satellite terminal is positioned in the coverage area of the communication satellite, modulating and demodulating the transmission signal to obtain the second air interface signal;
a centralized processing unit which transmits a request signaling to a gateway station based on the transmission signal;
the centralized processing unit is used for receiving a response signal sent by the gateway station;
and the centralized processing unit is also used for obtaining the position of the second satellite terminal based on the response signaling.
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| CN111629400A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2020-09-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method, device and system for satellite cooperative communication |
| CN112751603A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2021-05-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and apparatus for satellite communication |
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| US10382984B2 (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2019-08-13 | Intelsat US LLC | Methods and systems for increasing bandwidth efficiency in satellite communications |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111629400A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2020-09-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method, device and system for satellite cooperative communication |
| CN112751603A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2021-05-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and apparatus for satellite communication |
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