CN114884552A - Ground communication method based on satellite network - Google Patents
Ground communication method based on satellite network Download PDFInfo
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- CN114884552A CN114884552A CN202110534160.4A CN202110534160A CN114884552A CN 114884552 A CN114884552 A CN 114884552A CN 202110534160 A CN202110534160 A CN 202110534160A CN 114884552 A CN114884552 A CN 114884552A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
- H04B7/18519—Operations control, administration or maintenance
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W80/00—Wireless network protocols or protocol adaptations to wireless operation
- H04W80/08—Upper layer protocols
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- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The application relates to the field of satellite communication, in particular to a ground communication method based on a satellite network, which is used for a communication satellite and comprises the following steps: receiving a first air interface signal sent by a first satellite terminal in a first wave beam; modulating and demodulating the first air interface signal to obtain a transmission signal; sending a request signaling to a gateway station based on the transmission signal; receiving response signaling sent by the gateway station; obtaining the position of the second satellite terminal based on the response signaling; and when the second satellite terminal is positioned in the coverage area of the communication satellite, modulating and demodulating the transmission signal to obtain a second air interface signal and sending the second air interface signal to the second satellite terminal.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of satellite communication, in particular to a ground communication method based on a satellite network.
Background
At present, a traditional satellite communication system mostly adopts a working mode of transparent signal processing and resource pre-allocation on a satellite to provide point-to-point data transmission service for users, and cannot support random access and mobility management of massive users. The DVB-S2X standard provides physical layer and MAC layer protocols but lacks multi-user access and mobility management higher layer protocols and does not support inter-satellite chain based constellation networks well. The solution proposed by Sat5G for the fusion of satellite communication and 5G NR technology is based on a working mode of transparent forwarding on a satellite and signal processing on the ground, and has the problem of large satellite-ground signal transmission delay.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the satellite-based ground communication method, the problem that satellite-ground signal transmission delay is large in some scenes is solved.
According to an aspect of the present application, a terrestrial communication method based on a satellite network is provided, for a communication satellite, including:
receiving a first air interface signal sent by a first satellite terminal in a first wave beam;
modulating and demodulating the first air interface signal to obtain a transmission signal;
sending a request signaling to a gateway station based on the transmission signal;
receiving response signaling sent by the gateway station;
obtaining the position of the second satellite terminal based on the response signaling;
and when the second satellite terminal is positioned in the coverage area of the communication satellite, modulating and demodulating the transmission signal to obtain a second air interface signal and sending the second air interface signal to the second satellite terminal.
According to some embodiments, the aforementioned method further comprises: and when the second satellite terminal is positioned outside the coverage area of the communication satellite, sending the transmission signal to a second communication satellite, wherein the coverage area of the second communication satellite comprises the position of the second satellite terminal.
According to some embodiments, the second communication satellite is configured to modulate and demodulate the transmission signal to obtain a second air interface signal, and send the second air interface signal to the second satellite terminal.
According to some embodiments, said modem demodulating said transmission signal to obtain and transmitting a second air interface signal to said second satellite terminal when said second satellite terminal is located within a coverage area of said communication satellite comprises: and when the second satellite terminal is located in the first beam, modulating and demodulating the transmission signal to obtain a second air interface signal and sending the second air interface signal to the second satellite terminal located in the first beam.
According to some embodiments, said modem demodulating said transmission signal to obtain and transmitting a second air interface signal to said second satellite terminal when said second satellite terminal is located within a coverage area of said communication satellite further comprises: and when the second satellite terminal is located in a second beam, modulating and demodulating the transmission signal to obtain and send a second air interface signal to the second satellite terminal located in the second beam, where the second beam is another beam different from the first beam.
According to some embodiments, after the modem processes the first air interface signal to obtain a transmission signal, the modem further includes: and sending the transmission signal to the gateway station.
According to some embodiments, the aforementioned method further comprises: receiving a transfer transmission signal sent by other communication satellites or the gateway station; modulating and demodulating the transfer transmission signal to obtain a transfer empty signal; and sending the transfer air interface signal to the satellite terminal.
According to an aspect of the application, a communication system for a communication satellite is proposed, comprising: the active antenna processing unit is used for receiving a first air interface signal sent by a first satellite terminal; the distributed processing unit is used for modulating, demodulating and processing the first air interface signal to obtain a transmission signal; the centralized processing unit is used for sending a request signaling to the gateway station based on the transmission signal; the central unit is also used for receiving a response signaling sent by the gateway station; the centralized unit is also used for acquiring the position of the second satellite terminal based on the response signaling; and the concentration unit is also used for modulating and demodulating the transmission signal to obtain and send a second air interface signal to the second satellite terminal when the second satellite terminal is positioned in the coverage area of the communication satellite.
The beneficial effect of this application:
according to some embodiments, the method provided by the application enables the modulation and demodulation steps of the air interface signal to be performed on the satellite, and reduces the number of times of satellite-to-ground signal transmission, thereby reducing the transmission delay of the signal.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without exceeding the protection scope of the present application.
Fig. 1 shows a prior art schematic diagram of a satellite network based terrestrial communication method according to an embodiment.
Fig. 2 shows a flowchart of a method for satellite network-based terrestrial communication, according to an example embodiment.
Fig. 3 shows a block diagram of a satellite network-based terrestrial communication method according to an example embodiment.
Fig. 4 shows a block diagram of a communication system for a communication satellite according to an example embodiment.
Fig. 5 shows a block diagram of a 5G NR network architecture according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals denote the same or similar parts in the drawings, and thus, a repetitive description thereof will be omitted.
The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of the disclosure. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the embodiments of the disclosure can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other means, components, materials, devices, or the like. In such cases, well-known structures, methods, devices, implementations, materials, or operations will not be shown or described in detail.
The flow charts shown in the drawings are merely illustrative and do not necessarily include all of the contents and operations/steps, nor do they necessarily have to be performed in the order described. For example, some operations/steps may be decomposed, and some operations/steps may be combined or partially combined, so that the actual execution sequence may be changed according to the actual situation.
The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present application and in the above-described drawings are used for distinguishing between different objects and not for describing a particular order. Furthermore, the terms "include" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements listed, but may alternatively include other steps or elements not listed, or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The existing satellite communication network usually adopts a processing mode of transparent forwarding on a signal satellite, so that modulation and demodulation of an air interface signal can be completed only by a gateway station, therefore, the signal can be transmitted to a target terminal only after being transmitted between satellites and the ground for multiple times during communication, and the problem of large satellite-ground transmission delay exists.
Based on the above, the application provides a ground communication method based on a satellite network, which enables the modulation and demodulation steps of air interface signals to be performed on a satellite, and reduces the times of satellite-ground signal transmission, thereby reducing and solving the problem of large satellite-ground signal transmission delay in some scenes.
Fig. 1 shows a prior art schematic diagram of a satellite network based terrestrial communication method according to an embodiment.
According to an embodiment, a communication satellite in the existing satellite communication technology only transparently forwards an air interface signal, which means that no signal is processed but only forwarded, so that even in an end-to-end communication situation, the air interface signal needs to pass through a process of a first satellite terminal, a communication satellite and a gateway station to complete modulation and demodulation of the first air interface signal, and then passes through the gateway station, the communication satellite and a second satellite terminal to reach a second air interface signal, so that the wireless signal undergoes 4 transmissions from the ground to the sky. According to one embodiment, the propagation speed of the electromagnetic wave carrying the wireless signal is the speed of light, which is about 3 × 10 8 m/s, the height of most communication satellites is usually tens of thousands of kilometers, the height of geosynchronous satellites is about 35786km, the theoretical time consumed by the electromagnetic waves to go through 4-day ground return is roughly calculated to be about 0.477s, namely 477ms according to the values, the signal processing time and the practical objective condition are added, and the delay time can be generally about 700 ms.
Fig. 2 shows a flowchart of a method for satellite network-based terrestrial communication, according to an example embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1, at S201, a first air interface signal transmitted by a first satellite terminal located in a first beam is received.
According to an exemplary embodiment, a beam is a "region" for dividing transmission signals under the coverage of the same satellite, the "region" is not limited to a spatial domain, and for example, beams may be time-divided (i.e., time division), frequency-divided (i.e., frequency division), code-divided (i.e., code division), and domain-divided (region division), and are defined by a communication satellite, so that different signals can be distinguished, and a satellite terminal side within the beam coverage can communicate with the communication satellite.
According to an example embodiment, for the same satellite, multiple beams may be generated, where the first beam is a beam covering the first satellite terminal, that is, a beam where the first satellite terminal is located, and details are not repeated herein.
According to an example embodiment, the satellite terminal is a terminal that directly communicates with a satellite, and may be, for example, a vehicle-mounted satellite terminal, where the first satellite terminal is an initiator of satellite communication in this embodiment of the application, and the second satellite terminal corresponding to the first satellite terminal is a participant of satellite communication, that is, a target connection party of satellite communication established by the first satellite terminal, and details will not be described later.
According to an exemplary embodiment, referring to the block diagram of fig. 3, the satellite terminal corresponds therein to a ue (user equipment), i.e. a user equipment.
According to an example embodiment, an Air Interface is an "Air Interface," which is a communication link used for mobile device transmission, and relates to a physical layer and a link layer in an OSI model. The physical connections are typically based on wireless broadcast signals, providing point-to-point links for e.g. base stations and mobile terminals.
According to an exemplary embodiment, the air interface signal is an analog signal, and only supports point-to-point transmission, for example, from a satellite terminal to a communication satellite, and does not have a signal routing function.
According to an exemplary embodiment, referring to the block diagram of fig. 3, an aau (active Antenna unit) on a satellite is an active Antenna processing unit, and is configured to receive an air interface signal sent by a satellite terminal and send the air interface signal to the satellite terminal.
At S203, the first air interface signal is modulated and demodulated to obtain a transmission signal.
According to an example embodiment, referring to the block diagram of fig. 3, a du (distributed unit) therein is a distributed processing unit, and the distributed processing unit may implement modulation and demodulation of an air interface signal on a satellite to obtain a transmission signal, and analyze information interaction between the satellite terminal and the satellite in real time.
According to an example embodiment, after receiving a first air interface signal sent by a first satellite terminal, an AAU sends the first air interface signal to a DU to perform modulation and demodulation processing on the signal. The step is executed by a gateway station in the traditional satellite communication, the processing mode means that an air interface signal sent by a satellite terminal positioned on the ground can be modulated and demodulated only after the distance from the ground to a communication satellite is at least 2 times, namely the satellite terminal (ground) -the communication satellite-the gateway station (ground), the communication delay generated by a satellite communication system is mainly caused by long-distance transmission of electromagnetic waves, and the method provided by the application can be used for completing the modulation and demodulation processing of the air interface signal only after the distance from the ground to the communication satellite is once, so that the air interface signal interaction, the wireless resource scheduling efficiency and the frequency spectrum utilization rate are improved, the communication delay is reduced, and the clock synchronization precision can be improved.
According to the exemplary embodiment, the transmission signal generated after the air interface signal is modulated and demodulated is a digital signal, and after being encapsulated into a data packet, the routing forwarding between communication satellites and from the communication satellites to the gateway station can be realized.
At S205, a request signaling is sent to the gateway station based on the transmission signal.
According to the exemplary embodiment, the transmission signal encapsulates the information related to the second satellite terminal, but the information is obtained by requesting the ground gateway station to find the communication satellite and the beam coverage information where the second satellite terminal is located, and therefore a request signaling is required to be sent to the gateway station to obtain the information.
According to an exemplary embodiment, referring to the block diagram of fig. 3, cu (centralized unit) is a centralized processing unit, in which virtual network elements amf (access and Mobility Management function), i.e. access and Mobility Management functions, are integrated, so as to implement intra-beam user Mobility event Management and intra-satellite radio resource allocation based on beam hopping on a communication satellite, and implement terminal call admission control, e.g. communication between communication satellite terminals. The signaling between the communication satellites is carried through the CUs, and the Xn logical interface between CUs is carried through an Inter-Satellite Link (Inter-Satellite Link). Communication between the communication satellite and the gateway stations is also carried out through the CUs, carrying the N2/N3 logical interfaces over Feeder links (Feeder links). The inter-satellite link, the feeder link, the Xn logical interface, and the N2/N3 logical interface are all common knowledge in the art, and are not described herein again.
At S207, the response signaling transmitted by the gateway station is received.
At S209, the location of the second satellite terminal is obtained based on the response signaling.
According to an exemplary embodiment, the aforementioned step is followed in which the gateway station sends back to the communication satellite a response signaling in which the communication satellite in which the second satellite terminal is located and the beam coverage information. Based on the response signaling, a transmission signal can be sent to the second satellite terminal.
According to an embodiment, the second satellite terminal may be in the same beam of the same communication satellite as the first satellite terminal.
According to another embodiment, the second satellite terminal may also be in a different beam under the same communication satellite as the first satellite terminal.
According to another embodiment, the second satellite terminal may also be located under a different communication satellite coverage than the first satellite terminal.
At S211, when the second satellite terminal is located within the coverage area of the communication satellite, the second air interface signal is obtained by modulating and demodulating the transmission signal and is sent to the second satellite terminal.
According to an example embodiment, the second air interface signal in the embodiment of the present application is an air interface signal received by the second satellite terminal, which is not described in detail later.
According to the exemplary embodiment, when the CU receives the transmission signal modulated and demodulated by the DU, finds the second satellite terminal according to the target, and the second satellite terminal and the first satellite terminal are under the same beam coverage of the same communication satellite, the CU sends the transmission signal to the DU, and the DU is modulated and demodulated into the second air interface signal, and then the second air interface signal is sent to the second satellite terminal located in the same beam, that is, the first beam, through the AAU.
According to an exemplary embodiment, when the CU receives the transmission signal modulated and demodulated by the DU, finds the second satellite terminal according to the target, and the second satellite terminal and the first satellite terminal are under different beam coverage of the same communication satellite, for example, the second satellite terminal is in a second beam of the same communication satellite different from the first beam, the CU sends the transmission signal to the DU, and the DU is modulated and demodulated into a second air interface signal, and then the second air interface signal is sent to the second satellite terminal located in the second beam through the AAU.
According to an exemplary embodiment, when the CU receives the DU modem transmission signal, finds the second satellite terminal according to the target, and the second satellite terminal is under the coverage of a different communication satellite, i.e., the second communication satellite, from the first satellite terminal. According to an embodiment, the second communication satellite may not be adjacent to the original communication satellite, that is, the CU of the second communication satellite cannot directly communicate with the CU of the original communication satellite, the CU of the original communication satellite sends the transmission signal to the CU of the next communication satellite in the link, and sequentially transfers the transmission signal until the CU of the second communication satellite arrives, and the CU of the second communication satellite sends the transmission signal to its DU, and the DU is modulated and demodulated into a second air interface signal, and then the AAU of the second communication satellite sends the second air interface signal to the second satellite terminal located in the beam of the second communication satellite.
According to an exemplary embodiment, the scenario described in the foregoing embodiment is applied to end-to-end communication, and if a satellite terminal needs to access a core network resource, a CU is required to send a transmission signal to a ground gateway station after a DU modulates and demodulates an air interface signal to obtain the transmission signal.
According to the exemplary embodiment, after the foregoing steps, when the ground gateway station returns a signal, the CU needs to receive a transmission signal sent by the gateway station, and the DU modulates and demodulates the transmission signal to obtain an air interface signal, which is then sent back to the satellite terminal through the AAU.
According to an exemplary embodiment, referring to the aforementioned schematic diagram of fig. 1, the present application provides a method in which a wireless signal undergoes 2 transmissions from the ground to the sky, and the transmission distance is optimized by at least half compared to the prior art, thereby reducing the overall communication delay.
According to some embodiments, when a second satellite terminal is under the coverage of other communication satellites, in the existing satellite communication, the process of finding the second satellite terminal is that a first satellite terminal, namely, a communication satellite, namely, a first gateway station, a second gateway station, namely, a second satellite terminal, namely, a wireless signal, needs to be converted into a wired signal at the first gateway station and is transmitted to the second gateway station through wired transmission in the process of leading to the second communication satellite, so that the processing time length and the transmission distance of the signal are greatly increased.
According to an embodiment, referring to fig. 5, the method of the embodiment in the present application may be implemented with reference to the network architecture of the 5G NR and the network elements therein.
Fig. 4 shows a block diagram of a communication system for a communication satellite according to an example embodiment.
As shown in fig. 4, the communication system for a communication satellite includes an active antenna processing unit 401, a distributed processing unit 403, and a centralized processing unit 405, wherein:
an active antenna processing unit 401, configured to receive a first air interface signal sent by a first satellite terminal;
a distributed processing unit 403, configured to modulate and demodulate the first air interface signal to obtain a transmission signal;
a central processing unit 405 that sends a request signaling to the gateway station based on the transmission signal; receiving a response signaling sent by the gateway station; obtaining the position of the second satellite terminal based on the response signaling; and when the second satellite terminal is positioned in the coverage area of the communication satellite, modulating and demodulating the transmission signal to obtain and sending a second air interface signal to the second satellite terminal.
The system performs functions similar to those of the method provided above, and other functions can be referred to above and will not be described further herein.
The foregoing detailed description of the embodiments of the present application has been presented to illustrate the principles and implementations of the present application, and the description of the embodiments is only intended to facilitate the understanding of the methods and their core concepts of the present application. Meanwhile, a person skilled in the art should, according to the idea of the present application, change or modify the embodiments and applications of the present application based on the scope of the present application. In view of the above, the description should not be taken as limiting the application.
Claims (8)
1. A ground communication method based on a satellite network is used for a communication satellite and comprises the following steps:
receiving a first air interface signal sent by a first satellite terminal in a first wave beam;
modulating and demodulating the first air interface signal to obtain a transmission signal;
sending a request signaling to a gateway station based on the transmission signal;
receiving response signaling sent by the gateway station;
obtaining the position of the second satellite terminal based on the response signaling;
and when the second satellite terminal is positioned in the coverage area of the communication satellite, modulating and demodulating the transmission signal to obtain a second air interface signal and sending the second air interface signal to the second satellite terminal.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and when the second satellite terminal is positioned outside the coverage area of the communication satellite, sending the transmission signal to a second communication satellite, wherein the coverage area of the second communication satellite comprises the position of the second satellite terminal.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the second communication satellite is configured to modulate and demodulate the transmission signal to obtain a second air interface signal, and send the second air interface signal to the second satellite terminal.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein said modem demodulating said transmission signal to obtain and transmitting a second air-interface signal to said second satellite terminal when said second satellite terminal is within a coverage area of said communication satellite, comprises:
and when the second satellite terminal is located in the first beam, modulating and demodulating the transmission signal to obtain a second air interface signal and sending the second air interface signal to the second satellite terminal located in the first beam.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein said modem demodulating said transmission signal to obtain and transmitting a second air-interface signal to said second satellite terminal when said second satellite terminal is within a coverage area of said communication satellite, further comprises:
and when the second satellite terminal is located in a second beam, modulating and demodulating the transmission signal to obtain and send a second air interface signal to the second satellite terminal located in the second beam, where the second beam is another beam different from the first beam.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein after the modem processing the first air interface signal to obtain a transmission signal, further comprising:
and sending the transmission signal to the gateway station.
7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving a transfer transmission signal sent by other communication satellites or the gateway station;
modulating and demodulating the transfer transmission signal to obtain a transfer empty signal;
and sending the transfer air interface signal to the satellite terminal.
8. A communication system for a communication satellite, comprising:
the active antenna processing unit is used for receiving a first air interface signal sent by a first satellite terminal;
the distributed processing unit is used for modulating, demodulating and processing the first air interface signal to obtain a transmission signal;
the centralized processing unit is used for sending a request signaling to the gateway station based on the transmission signal;
the central unit is also used for receiving a response signaling sent by the gateway station;
the centralized unit is also used for obtaining the position of the second satellite terminal based on the response signaling;
and the concentration unit is also used for modulating and demodulating the transmission signal to obtain and send a second air interface signal to the second satellite terminal when the second satellite terminal is positioned in the coverage area of the communication satellite.
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| US20190132750A1 (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2019-05-02 | Intelsat US LLC | Methods and systems for increasing bandwidth efficiency in satellite communications |
| CN111629400A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2020-09-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method, device and system for satellite cooperative communication |
| CN112751603A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2021-05-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and apparatus for satellite communication |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20190132750A1 (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2019-05-02 | Intelsat US LLC | Methods and systems for increasing bandwidth efficiency in satellite communications |
| CN111629400A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2020-09-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method, device and system for satellite cooperative communication |
| CN112751603A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2021-05-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and apparatus for satellite communication |
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