CN114884170B - Constant-current method, constant-current device and battery management system based on PWM - Google Patents
Constant-current method, constant-current device and battery management system based on PWM Download PDFInfo
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- CN114884170B CN114884170B CN202210588354.7A CN202210588354A CN114884170B CN 114884170 B CN114884170 B CN 114884170B CN 202210588354 A CN202210588354 A CN 202210588354A CN 114884170 B CN114884170 B CN 114884170B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/00714—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/00714—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current
- H02J7/00716—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current in response to integrated charge or discharge current
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention relates to a constant current method, a constant current device and a battery management system based on PWM. The constant current method based on PWM comprises the following steps: calculating a maximum current limiting threshold I1 of the power device; collecting the current output current I2; calculating a current difference I3, i3=i1-I2; determining an adjustment amplitude PWMx of the PWM according to the current difference I3; the current PWM value is calculated, pwm=pwm+pwmx. The battery management system includes a constant current device. According to the constant current method based on PWM, disclosed by the invention, the current is controlled by PWM, so that the stepless constant current is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power supply batteries, in particular to a constant current method, a constant current device and a battery management system based on PWM.
Background
The battery pack is a power supply device composed of a plurality of electric cores. Before the battery pack supplies power to the load, the battery pack needs to be charged through an external power supply, so that the battery pack stores certain electric quantity in advance.
The battery pack is used as a power supply device, and the safety of the battery pack is one of the most important factors. Particularly, the safety of the battery pack needs to be ensured during the charge and discharge processes of the battery pack.
When an external voltage source supplies power to the battery pack, the charging current of the battery pack needs to be ensured not to be excessive, and when the charging current is excessive, constant current needs to be carried out, so that the safety of the battery pack is ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a constant current method based on PWM, which realizes electrodeless constant current by controlling current through PWM.
The aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a PWM-based constant current method comprising the steps of:
calculating a maximum current limiting threshold I1 of the power device;
collecting the current output current I2;
calculating a current difference I3, i3=i1-I2;
determining an adjustment amplitude PWMx of the PWM according to the current difference I3;
calculating the current PWM value, PWM c =PWM b +PWMx；PWM c For the adjusted current PWM value, PWM b To adjust the PWM value before adjustment.
In one embodiment, the step of determining the PWM adjustment amplitude PWMx according to the current difference I3 is specifically:
the larger the absolute value of the current difference I3 is, the larger the absolute value of the adjustment amplitude PWMx is; and, in addition, the method comprises the steps of,
when the current difference I3 is a negative value, the amplitude PWMx is adjusted to be a positive value;
when the current difference I3 is a positive value, the amplitude PWMx is adjusted to be a negative value;
the current difference I3 is zero and the amplitude PWMx is adjusted to zero.
In one embodiment, the constant current method based on PWM further includes the step of presetting a maximum current difference threshold Ia, a step current difference threshold Ib, and a minimum threshold PWMmin of PWM;
wherein, the maximum current difference threshold Ia > the stepping current difference threshold Ib > 0;
and, in addition, the method comprises the steps of,
when the current difference I3 is a negative value and the absolute value is larger than the maximum current difference threshold Ia, PWM is set to a minimum threshold PWMmin;
when the current difference I3 is a negative value and the absolute value of the current difference I3 is larger than the stepping current difference threshold value Ib, PWMx is a negative value, and the absolute value of PWMx is in direct proportion to the absolute value of I3;
when the current difference I3 is positive and greater than the step current difference threshold Ib, PWMx is positive and PWMx is proportional to the absolute value of I3.
In one embodiment, PWMx is-1 unit when the current difference I3 is negative and the absolute value of the current difference I3 is less than the step current difference threshold Ib;
when the current difference I3 is a positive value and is smaller than the step current difference threshold Ib, PWMx is +1 unit.
In one embodiment, the constant current method based on PWM further comprises the steps of:
presetting a maximum threshold PWMmax of PWM;
when the adjusted PWM is greater than the maximum threshold PWMmax, setting the PWM to the maximum threshold PWMmax;
when the adjusted PWM is less than the minimum threshold PWMmin, the PWM is set to the minimum threshold PWMmin.
In one embodiment, when the current difference I3 is a negative value and the absolute value of the current difference I3 is smaller than the step current difference threshold Ib, the step of PWMx is-1 unit is specifically:
when the current difference I3 is a negative value and the absolute value is smaller than the stepping current difference threshold value Ib, PWMx is-1 unit, and PWM steps are reduced by 1.
In one embodiment, when the current difference I3 is a positive value and is smaller than the step current difference threshold Ib, the step of PWMx is +1 units is specifically:
and when the current difference I3 is a positive value and is smaller than the stepping current difference threshold value Ib through continuous sampling and calculation for multiple times, PWMx is +1 units, and PWM stepping is increased by 1.
In one embodiment, the step of calculating the maximum current limit threshold I1 of the power device includes:
obtaining a mapping relation between a maximum current limiting threshold I1 of the power device and a temperature T0 of the power device through testing in advance;
detecting the current temperature Ti of the power device, and obtaining the maximum current limiting threshold I1 according to the current temperature Ti of the power device and the mapping relation between the maximum current limiting threshold I1 and the temperature T0 of the power device.
According to the constant current method based on PWM, disclosed by the invention, the current is controlled by PWM to realize the stepless constant current, so that the safety of the battery pack is ensured.
The invention also discloses a constant current device, which comprises:
the maximum current limiting threshold calculating unit is used for calculating a maximum current limiting threshold I1 of the power device;
the current acquisition unit acquires the current output current I2;
a current difference calculation unit that calculates a current difference I3, i3=i1-I2;
an adjustment amplitude calculation unit that determines an adjustment amplitude PWMx of the PWM according to the current difference I3;
PWM calculating unit for calculating current PWM value, PWM c =PWM b +PWMx；PWM c For the adjusted current PWM value, PWM b To adjust the PWM value before adjustment.
According to the constant current device disclosed by the invention, the current is controlled through PWM, so that the stepless constant current is realized, and the safety of a battery pack is ensured.
The invention also discloses a battery management system which comprises the constant current device.
According to the battery management system disclosed by the invention, the current is controlled by PWM, so that the electrodeless constant current is realized, and the safety of a battery pack is ensured.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described more fully hereinafter in order to facilitate an understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only and are not meant to be the only embodiment.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The invention discloses a constant current method based on PWM, which comprises the following steps:
calculating a maximum current limiting threshold I1 of the power device;
collecting the current output current I2;
calculating a current difference I3, i3=i1-I2;
determining an adjustment amplitude PWMx of the PWM according to the current difference I3;
calculating the current PWM value, PWM c =PWM b +PWMx；PWM c For the adjusted current PWM value, PWM b To adjust the PWM value before adjustment.
As a preferred embodiment, the step of determining the PWM adjustment amplitude PWMx according to the current difference I3 is specifically:
the larger the absolute value of the current difference I3 is, the larger the absolute value of the adjustment amplitude PWMx is; and, in addition, the method comprises the steps of,
when the current difference I3 is a negative value, the amplitude PWMx is adjusted to be a positive value;
when the current difference I3 is a positive value, the amplitude PWMx is adjusted to be a negative value;
the current difference I3 is zero and the amplitude PWMx is adjusted to zero.
As a preferred embodiment, the constant current method based on PWM further includes the step of presetting a maximum current difference threshold Ia, a step current difference threshold Ib, a minimum threshold PWMmin of PWM;
wherein, the maximum current difference threshold Ia > the stepping current difference threshold Ib > 0;
and, in addition, the method comprises the steps of,
when the current difference I3 is a negative value and the absolute value is larger than the maximum current difference threshold Ia, PWM is set to a minimum threshold PWMmin;
when the current difference I3 is a negative value and the absolute value of the current difference I3 is larger than the stepping current difference threshold value Ib, adjusting the amplitude PWMx to be a negative value, wherein the absolute value of the adjusting amplitude PWMx is in direct proportion to the absolute value of the I3;
when the current difference I3 is positive and greater than the step current difference threshold Ib, the adjustment amplitude PWMx is positive and the adjustment amplitude PWMx is proportional to the absolute value of I3.
In one embodiment, when the current difference I3 is a negative value and the absolute value of the current difference I3 is smaller than the step current difference threshold Ib, the amplitude PWMx is adjusted to-1 unit;
when the current difference I3 is positive and smaller than the step current difference threshold Ib, the adjustment amplitude PWMx is +1 unit.
As a preferred embodiment, the PWM-based constant current method further comprises the steps of:
presetting a maximum threshold PWMmax of PWM;
when the adjusted PWM (i.e. PWM c ) When the PWM is larger than the maximum threshold PWMmax, PWM is set to the maximum threshold PWMmax;
when the adjusted PWM (i.e. PWM c ) When the PWM is smaller than the minimum threshold PWMmin, PWM is set to the minimum threshold PWMmin.
Specifically, when the current difference I3 is a negative value and the absolute value of the current difference I3 is smaller than the step current difference threshold Ib, the step of adjusting the amplitude PWMx to-1 unit specifically includes:
when the current difference I3 is negative and the absolute value is smaller than the stepping current difference threshold Ib, the amplitude PWMx is adjusted to-1 unit, and the PWM step is reduced by 1 (i.e., PWM c =PWM b -1 unit).
Specifically, when the current difference I3 is a positive value and is smaller than the step current difference threshold Ib, the step of adjusting the amplitude PWMx to +1 units specifically includes:
when the current difference I3 is positive and is smaller than the step current difference threshold Ib, the amplitude PWMx is adjusted to +1 units, and the PWM step is increased by 1 (i.e., PWM c =PWM b+ 1 unit).
In one embodiment, the step of calculating the maximum current limit threshold I1 of the power device includes:
obtaining a mapping relation between a maximum current limiting threshold I1 of the power device and a temperature T0 of the power device through testing in advance;
detecting the current temperature Ti of the power device, and obtaining the maximum current limiting threshold I1 according to the current temperature Ti of the power device and the mapping relation between the maximum current limiting threshold I1 and the temperature T0 of the power device.
According to the constant current method based on PWM, disclosed by the invention, the current is controlled by PWM to realize the stepless constant current, so that the safety of the battery pack is ensured.
Example 1
The constant current method based on PWM comprises the following prediction and presetting steps:
and obtaining the mapping relation between the maximum current limiting threshold I1 of the power device and the temperature T0 of the power device through testing in advance. For example:
| temperature T0 (°) | 90 | 85 | 80 | ＜80 |
| Maximum current limit threshold I1 (A) | 3 | 5 | 8 | 10 |
Presetting a maximum current difference threshold Ia, a step current difference threshold Ib, a minimum threshold PWMmin of PWM and a maximum threshold PWMmax of PWM
Wherein, the maximum current difference threshold Ia > the step current difference threshold Ib > 0.
The constant current method based on PWM also comprises the following steps:
the present output current I2 is collected.
The current difference I3, i3=i1-I2 is calculated.
Determining an adjustment amplitude PWMx of PWM according to the current difference I3, calculating a current PWM value, and PWM c =PWM b +PWMx；PWM c For the adjusted current PWM value, PWM b To adjust the PWM value before adjustment.
It should be noted that: the larger the absolute value of the current difference I3 is, the larger the absolute value of the adjustment amplitude PWMx is; and, in addition, the method comprises the steps of,
when the current difference I3 is a negative value, the amplitude PWMx is adjusted to be a positive value;
when the current difference I3 is a positive value, the amplitude PWMx is adjusted to be a negative value;
the current difference I3 is zero and the amplitude PWMx is adjusted to zero.
In the present embodiment, when the current difference I3 is a negative value and the absolute value is greater than the maximum current difference threshold Ia, PWM is set to the minimum threshold PWMmin.
In the present embodiment, when the current difference I3 is a negative value and the absolute value of the current difference I3 is greater than the step current difference threshold Ib, the adjustment amplitude PWMx is a negative value and the absolute value of the adjustment amplitude PWMx is proportional to the absolute value of I3.
When the current difference I3 is positive and greater than the step current difference threshold Ib, the adjustment amplitude PWMx is positive and the adjustment amplitude PWMx is proportional to the absolute value of I3.
In the present embodiment, when the current difference I3 is a negative value and the absolute value of the current difference I3 is smaller than the step current difference threshold Ib, the adjustment amplitude PWMx is-1 unit. As a preferred embodiment, when the current difference I3 obtained by continuous sampling and calculation is negative and the absolute value is smaller than the step current difference threshold Ib, the adjustment amplitude PWMx is-1 unit, the PWM step is subtracted by 1 and the count is cleared, otherwise the count is cleared, the adjustment amplitude PWMx is zero, and the PWM is kept unchanged (i.e., PWM c =PWM b ）。
In the present embodiment, when the current difference I3 is a positive value and is smaller than the step current difference threshold Ib, the adjustment amplitude PWMx is +1 units. As a preferred embodiment, when the current difference I3 obtained by continuous multi-3 sampling calculation is positive and smaller than the step current difference threshold Ib, the adjustment amplitude PWMx is +1 units, the PWM step is increased by 1 and the count is cleared, otherwise, the count is cleared, the adjustment amplitude PWMx is zero, and the PWM is kept unchanged.
For example, when the current difference I3 is a positive value, the correspondence between the current difference I3 and the adjustment amplitude PWMx is:
when the current difference I3 is a negative value, the corresponding relationship between the absolute value of the current difference I3 and the absolute value of the adjustment amplitude PWMx is:
when pwmmin=100, if the current difference I3 is a negative value and the absolute value is greater than the maximum current difference threshold Ia, PWM is set to the minimum threshold PWMmin. I.e. pwm=100 (i.e. PWM c =100）。
The invention also discloses a constant current device, which comprises:
the maximum current limiting threshold calculating unit is used for calculating a maximum current limiting threshold I1 of the power device;
the current acquisition unit acquires the current output current I2;
a current difference calculation unit that calculates a current difference I3, i3=i1-I2;
an adjustment amplitude calculation unit that determines an adjustment amplitude PWMx of the PWM according to the current difference I3;
PWM calculating unit for calculating current PWM value, PWM c =PWM b +PWMx；PWM c For the adjusted current PWM value, PWM b To adjust the PWM value before adjustment.
According to the constant current device disclosed by the invention, the current is controlled through PWM, so that the stepless constant current is realized, and the safety of a battery pack is ensured.
The invention also discloses a battery management system which comprises the constant current device.
According to the battery management system disclosed by the invention, the current is controlled by PWM, so that the electrodeless constant current is realized, and the safety of a battery pack is ensured.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A constant current method based on PWM, comprising the steps of:
calculating a maximum current limiting threshold I1 of the power device;
collecting the current output current I2;
calculating a current difference I3, i3=i1-I2;
determining an adjustment amplitude PWMx of the PWM according to the current difference I3;
calculating the current PWM value, PWM c =PWM b +PWMx；PWM c For the adjusted current PWM value, PWM b For the PWM value before adjustment;
the step of determining the PWM adjustment amplitude PWMx according to the current difference I3 specifically includes:
the larger the absolute value of the current difference I3 is, the larger the absolute value of the adjustment amplitude PWMx is; and, in addition, the method comprises the steps of,
when the current difference I3 is a negative value, the amplitude PWMx is adjusted to be a positive value;
when the current difference I3 is a positive value, the amplitude PWMx is adjusted to be a negative value;
when the current difference I3 is zero, the amplitude PWMx is adjusted to be zero;
the constant current method based on PWM further comprises the steps of presetting a maximum current difference threshold Ia, a step current difference threshold Ib and a minimum threshold PWMmin of PWM;
wherein, the maximum current difference threshold Ia > the stepping current difference threshold Ib > 0;
and, in addition, the method comprises the steps of,
when the current difference I3 is a negative value and the absolute value is larger than the maximum current difference threshold Ia, PWM is set to a minimum threshold PWMmin;
when the current difference I3 is a negative value and the absolute value of the current difference I3 is larger than the stepping current difference threshold value Ib, PWMx is a negative value, and the absolute value of PWMx is in direct proportion to the absolute value of I3;
when the current difference I3 is positive and is larger than the stepping current difference threshold value Ib, PWMx is positive, and PWMx is in direct proportion to the absolute value of I3;
when the current difference I3 is a negative value and the absolute value of the current difference I3 is smaller than the stepping current difference threshold value Ib, PWMx is-1 unit;
when the current difference I3 is a positive value and is smaller than the step current difference threshold Ib, PWMx is +1 unit.
2. The PWM-based constant current method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
presetting a maximum threshold PWMmax of PWM;
when the adjusted PWM is greater than the maximum threshold PWMmax, setting the PWM to the maximum threshold PWMmax;
when the adjusted PWM is less than the minimum threshold PWMmin, the PWM is set to the minimum threshold PWMmin.
3. The PWM-based constant current method according to claim 1, wherein when the current difference I3 is a negative value and the absolute value of the current difference I3 is smaller than the step current difference threshold Ib, the step of PWMx is specifically:
when the current difference I3 is a negative value and the absolute value is smaller than the stepping current difference threshold value Ib, PWMx is-1 unit, and PWM steps are reduced by 1.
4. The PWM-based constant current method according to claim 1, wherein when the current difference I3 is a positive value and is smaller than the step current difference threshold Ib, the step of PWMx is +1 units is specifically:
and when the current difference I3 is a positive value and is smaller than the stepping current difference threshold value Ib through continuous sampling and calculation for multiple times, PWMx is +1 units, and PWM stepping is increased by 1.
5. The PWM-based constant current method according to claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the maximum current limit threshold I1 of the power device comprises:
obtaining a mapping relation between a maximum current limiting threshold I1 of the power device and a temperature T0 of the power device through testing in advance;
detecting the current temperature Ti of the power device, and obtaining the maximum current limiting threshold I1 according to the current temperature Ti of the power device and the mapping relation between the maximum current limiting threshold I1 and the temperature T0 of the power device.
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