CN114878784A - Soft soil solidification test device and method - Google Patents
Soft soil solidification test device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114878784A CN114878784A CN202210539503.0A CN202210539503A CN114878784A CN 114878784 A CN114878784 A CN 114878784A CN 202210539503 A CN202210539503 A CN 202210539503A CN 114878784 A CN114878784 A CN 114878784A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
Abstract
The invention discloses a soft soil solidification test device and a soft soil solidification test method, wherein a coupling mechanism comprises a loading plate which can move up and down in a test box, and a stacking and loading pressurizing mechanism is used for applying vertical load to the loading plate; an internal thread interface is arranged at the bottom of the loading plate along the pore passages of the cathode and the anode, and a metal contact is arranged in the internal thread interface; the cathode lead is connected with a metal contact arranged along the cathode pore passage, and the anode lead is connected with a metal contact arranged along the anode pore passage; the electrodes are connected to the bottom of the loading plate in a threaded mode and are in contact with the metal contacts; at least one electrode in the plurality of electrodes is a cathode electrode, the other electrodes are anode electrodes, and the cathode electrode is vertically corresponding to the drain hole at the bottom in the test box; the conducting wire penetrates out of the top of the loading plate and is connected with a power supply, so that the electrode is electrified. The invention can carry out combined test of various consolidation means, and is beneficial to research and find a better soft soil consolidation scheme.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a test device, in particular to a soft soil solidification test device and a soft soil solidification test method.
Background
The soft soil solidification method comprises a loading pressurization method, an electroosmosis method and the like, wherein the loading pressurization can compress soil body pores to a certain degree, the soil body compactness and the bearing capacity are improved, but the drainage is limited under the single loading action, most pores are still filled with water, and the solidification effect is poor. The electroosmosis method is to introduce direct current into the soil body to make water molecules migrate and be discharged from the anode to the cathode, so that the strength of the soil body can be improved to a certain degree, but the electroosmosis method has the problems of uneven solidification, low efficiency and the like. In conclusion, it is necessary to research the solidification effect of the combined application of various means and provide a new idea for the consolidation treatment of soft soil drainage. However, the soft soil solidification test device in the laboratory is often customized for a single soft soil solidification method, and the research needs are difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to solve the problems and provides a soft soil solidification test device which can carry out combined tests of multiple solidification means; the second purpose of the invention is to provide a soft soil solidification test method.
The technical scheme is as follows: the soft soil solidification test device comprises a test box and a base which are integrally connected, wherein a drainage channel is arranged in the base, one end of the drainage channel is communicated with an inner cavity of the test box, the other end of the drainage channel is a water outlet, the test device further comprises a stacking pressurization mechanism and a coupling mechanism, the coupling mechanism comprises a loading plate which can move up and down in the test box, and the stacking pressurization mechanism is used for applying a vertical load to the loading plate; and a plurality of electrodes are arranged at the bottom of the loading plate, wherein at least one electrode is a cathode electrode, the other electrodes are anode electrodes, and the cathode electrode vertically corresponds to the drain hole at the bottom in the test box.
The invention can carry out a pressurization and electroosmosis combined consolidation test. Through tests, the two methods of the heaping load pressurization method and the electroosmosis method can realize mutual supplement, so that the defects of non-uniform drainage consolidation effect and low efficiency under the pure electroosmosis condition can be overcome, and the defect of insufficient drainage under the single heaping load condition can be overcome.
Furthermore, a cathode pore channel and an anode pore channel are arranged in the loading plate, a cathode lead is arranged in the cathode pore channel, and an anode lead is arranged in the anode pore channel; an internal thread interface is arranged at the bottom of the loading plate along the pore passage, and a metal contact is arranged in the internal thread interface; the cathode lead is connected with a metal contact arranged along the cathode pore passage, and the anode lead is connected with a metal contact arranged along the anode pore passage; the lead penetrates out of the top of the loading plate and is connected with a power supply; the electrode is connected to the bottom of the loading plate in a threaded mode and is in contact with the metal contact to be electrified.
Further, the anode pore channel is arc-shaped; the number of the cathode electrodes is one, and the cathode electrodes are positioned at the center of the loading plate and the center of the anode pore canal.
Furthermore, the electrode is a hollow structure with a circumferential hole and an upper opening; gaps are reserved between the pore passage and the conducting wire arranged in the pore passage and between the internal thread interface and the metal contact so as to inject chemical slurry into the electrode.
In the electroosmosis process, the total water discharge can be improved by injecting chemical slurry, and in addition, by introducing enough cations, the chemical reaction is performed with silicate substances in clay minerals under an alkaline environment to generate colloid, so that partial pores can be filled. In the technical scheme, chemical electroosmosis is adopted, chemical slurry can permeate into soil from the circumferential holes of the electrodes, so that chemical cementation of the soil is accelerated, and the soil consolidation effect is improved.
Furthermore, the bottom of the electrode is in a taper shape, so that the electrode can be conveniently inserted into soft soil, and meanwhile, the electrode can sink in the soft soil and can be fully contacted with soil.
Furthermore, a hole pressure sensor is arranged on the base, and a pressure guide pipe of the hole pressure sensor extends into the test box.
Furthermore, the pore pressure sensors are multiple in number and used for monitoring pore pressure between soil bodies at different positions in the test box.
Furthermore, a vertical rod is arranged on the base, a lever is hinged to the top of the vertical rod, a first connecting rod is hinged to the tail end of the lever, and a tray is arranged at the bottom of the first connecting rod and used for placing weights; the top of the loading plate is hinged with a second connecting rod, and the other end of the second connecting rod is hinged with the lever. According to the technical scheme, the vertical load is provided for the soil body in a mode of stacking the weights, the soil body is compressed, and the weight mass can be adjusted according to the compression degree of the soil body.
The invention also provides a soft soil solidification test method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) laying geotextile at the bottom in a test box, then filling soft soil, placing a loading plate in the test box, and inserting an electrode wrapping the geotextile below the loading plate into the soft soil;
(2) connecting the cathode lead and the anode lead with electricity;
(3) injecting chemical slurry into the cathode pore passage and the anode pore passage, wherein the chemical slurry permeates into soil through the electrodes;
(4) weights are placed on the tray from small to large according to the specification;
(5) in the soil consolidation process, collecting water flowing out of a water outlet, and recording the water displacement, the water drainage rate and the soil pore pressure in real time;
(6) when the water discharge rate of the water outlet is lower than a set value, the consolidation is finished; and cutting off the power supply and standing for a period of time, taking out the consolidated soil body and carrying out corresponding performance detection.
As mentioned above, the invention can carry out a pressurization and electroosmosis combined consolidation test or a pressurization and chemical electroosmosis combined consolidation test, is beneficial to research and discovery of a better soft soil consolidation scheme, and solves the problem of soft soil foundation in engineering construction.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: the invention can carry out combined test of various consolidation means, and is beneficial to research and find a better soft soil consolidation scheme.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a test stand;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a stacking and pressurizing mechanism;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a coupling mechanism;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the bottom structure of the load plate;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the inner hole of the loading plate;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of an electrode structure.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, a soft soil solidification test device includes a test stand 1, a stacking and loading mechanism 2, and a coupling mechanism 3.
The test bed 1 comprises a test box 101 and a base 102 which are integrally connected, wherein the test box 101 and the base 102 are made of acrylic materials. A drainage channel is arranged in the base 102, one end of the drainage channel is communicated with the inner cavity of the test box 101, and the other end of the drainage channel is a water outlet 103. The base 102 is fixed with a vertical rod 106 by a screw. The left side of the base 102 is provided with a pore pressure sensor 105, and a pressure guiding pipe 104 of the pore pressure sensor 105 penetrates through a pore channel which is arranged on the base 102 in advance and extends into the test box 101 for monitoring the change condition of the pore water pressure between soil bodies.
The stacking and loading pressurizing mechanism 2 comprises a lever 204, the left end of the lever 204 is hinged to the top of the upright rod 106 through a rotating shaft 205, and the right end of the lever 204 is hinged to a first connecting rod 203. The bottom of the first link 203 is provided with a tray 201. The stacking and pressurizing mechanism 2 applies a vertical load to the soil body in the test chamber 101 by adding a weight 202 to the tray 201 based on the lever principle.
The coupling mechanism 3 comprises a loading plate 303 capable of moving up and down in the test box 101, scales are arranged on the test box 101, and when the loading plate 303 moves down, the relative position of the loading plate 303 can be recorded, so that the real-time monitoring of the settlement amount of the soil body is realized. The top of the loading plate 303 is hinged with a second connecting rod 301 through a rotating shaft 302, and the upper end of the second connecting rod 301 is hinged with the lever 204. Seven electrodes 304 are arranged at the bottom of the loading plate 303, wherein one electrode 304 is a cathode electrode, the other six electrodes 304 are anode electrodes, and the cathode electrodes vertically correspond to the drain holes at the bottom in the test chamber 101. The loading plate 303 is provided with a cathode pore channel 309 and an anode pore channel 310 therein, wherein the anode pore channel 310 is arc-shaped, and the cathode pore channel 309 is strip-shaped. A cathode lead 307 is disposed in the cathode channel 309 and an anode lead 308 is disposed in the anode channel 310. An internal thread interface is arranged at the bottom of the loading plate 303 along the pore channel, the internal thread interface is communicated with the corresponding pore channel, and a metal contact 306 is fixedly bonded in the internal thread interface. Cathode lead 307 is connected to metal contact 306 disposed along cathode channel 309 and anode lead 308 is connected to metal contact 306 disposed along anode channel 310. The wires are threaded out of the top of load plate 303 and connected to a power source. The electrode 304 is a hollow structure with a circumferential hole and an opening at the upper part, the top of the electrode 304 is provided with an external thread, and the bottom of the electrode 304 is in a taper shape. Electrode 304 is threaded into the bottom of load plate 303 and is electrically connected to metal contact 306. In this embodiment, the cathode electrode is located at the center of the loading plate 303 and the center of the anode channel 310. In addition, gaps are left between the pore channel and the wire arranged in the pore channel and between the internal thread interface and the metal contact 306 so as to inject chemical slurry into the electrode 304, and the chemical slurry can seep out of the circumferential hole of the electrode 304 into soil.
The soft soil solidification test method using the soft soil solidification test device comprises the following steps:
(1) the testing device is placed on a horizontal table top, geotextile is bonded at the bottom in the base 102 through waterproof glue, and simultaneously, the geotextile is wrapped on the outer wall of the electrode 304, so that the slurry is prevented from permeating into the electrode 304 and blocking in a drainage channel, and the testing result is prevented from being influenced.
(2) And filling soft soil into the test box 101, and reserving a settling zone.
(3) Load plate 303 is placed inside test chamber 101 and electrodes 304 are inserted into the soft soil.
(4) The cathode lead 307 and the anode lead 308 are powered on to start electroosmotic consolidation.
(5) Injecting chemical slurry into the cathode pore channel 309 and the anode pore channel 310 at any time, performing chemical electroosmosis consolidation, and injecting the slurry by using a pressure grouting machine.
(6) The weight 202 is stacked on the tray 201 to apply vertical load to the soil body, and the weight 202 is loaded step by step from small to large according to the specification.
(7) Collecting water flowing out of the water outlet 103, and recording the water displacement, the water drainage rate and the soil pore pressure in real time;
(8) when the water discharge rate of the water outlet 103 is lower than a set value and is kept stable, the consolidation is considered to be finished; and cutting off the power supply and standing for a period of time, taking out the consolidated soil body and carrying out corresponding performance detection. The test device was cleaned and used for the next test.
The principle of the invention is as follows: under the action of the direct current electric field, pore water in the soft soil flows from the anode to the cathode and is gradually collected, and flows from the drainage channel to the water outlet to be discharged; during the period, chemical slurry is injected into the soil body to accelerate the drainage consolidation process, and the chemical slurry reacts with ions in the soil to generate cement to fill corresponding pores; during the period, vertical load is applied to the soil body through the stacked weights, the pores among the soil particles are compressed, and the compactness of the soil body is improved. After pore water is fully discharged, pores of the soil are filled or compressed, the drainage consolidation of soft soil is finally completed, and the strength of the solidified soil is improved.
During a concrete test, the weight can be adjusted at any time according to the soil consolidation condition to change the soil compression condition, chemical slurry can be respectively injected into a cathode pore channel and an anode pore channel according to different time nodes, and the sequence and the coupling time of stacking, electroosmosis and chemical grouting can be adjusted so as to research the influence of different time nodes, different pressurization schemes and different consolidation means on a final result and find an optimal consolidation scheme.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a soft soil solidification test device, includes proof box (101) and base (102) of a body coupling, establishes drainage channel in base (102), and drainage channel one end and proof box (101) inner chamber intercommunication, the other end are delivery port (103), its characterized in that: the test device further comprises a stacking pressurization mechanism (2) and a coupling mechanism (3), wherein the coupling mechanism (3) comprises a loading plate (303) capable of moving up and down in the test box (101), and the stacking pressurization mechanism (2) is used for applying a vertical load to the loading plate (303); the bottom of the loading plate (303) is provided with a plurality of electrodes (304), wherein at least one electrode (304) is a cathode electrode, the other electrodes (304) are anode electrodes, and the cathode electrodes vertically correspond to the water drainage holes in the bottom of the test box (101).
2. A soft soil solidification test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: a cathode pore channel (309) and an anode pore channel (310) are arranged in the loading plate (303), a cathode lead (307) is arranged in the cathode pore channel (309), and an anode lead (308) is arranged in the anode pore channel (310); an internal thread interface is arranged at the bottom of the loading plate (303) along the pore channel, and a metal contact (306) is arranged in the internal thread interface; the cathode lead (307) is connected with a metal contact (306) arranged along the cathode pore channel (309), and the anode lead (308) is connected with the metal contact (306) arranged along the anode pore channel (310); the lead penetrates out of the top of the loading plate (303) and is connected with a power supply; the electrode (304) is screwed on the bottom of the loading plate (303) and is in contact with the metal contact (306) for electrification.
3. A soft soil solidification test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the anode pore passage (310) is arc-shaped; the number of the cathode electrodes is one, and the cathode electrodes are positioned in the center of the loading plate (303) and the center of the anode pore passage (310).
4. A soft soil solidification test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the electrode (304) is a hollow structure with a circumferential hole and an upper opening; gaps are left between the channels and the conductors disposed therein, as well as between the female threaded interface and the metal contact (306), for injecting a chemical slurry into the electrode (304).
5. A soft soil solidification test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the bottom of the electrode (304) is in a taper shape.
6. A soft soil solidification test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a pore pressure sensor (105) is arranged on the base (102), and a pressure guide pipe (104) of the pore pressure sensor (105) extends into the test box (101).
7. A soft soil solidification test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: the pore pressure sensors (105) are multiple in number and used for monitoring pore water pressure between soil bodies at different positions in the test box (101).
8. A soft soil solidification test device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the base (102) is provided with an upright rod (106), the top of the upright rod (106) is hinged with a lever (204), the tail end of the lever (204) is hinged with a first connecting rod (203), the bottom of the first connecting rod (203) is provided with a tray (201), and the tray (201) is used for placing a weight (202); the top of the loading plate (303) is hinged with a second connecting rod (301), and the other end of the second connecting rod (301) is hinged with the lever (204).
9. A soft soil solidification test method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) laying geotextile at the bottom in a test box (101), then filling soft soil, placing a loading plate (303) in the test box (101), and inserting an electrode (304) wrapping the geotextile below the loading plate (303) into the soft soil;
(2) connecting the cathode lead (307) and the anode lead (308) electrically;
(3) injecting chemical slurry into the cathode pore canal (309) and the anode pore canal (310), wherein the chemical slurry permeates into soil through the electrode (304);
(4) weights (202) are placed on the tray (201) according to the specification from small to large;
(5) in the soil consolidation process, collecting water flowing out of a water outlet (103), and recording the water discharge, the water discharge rate and the soil pore pressure in real time;
(6) when the drainage rate of the water outlet (103) is lower than a set value, the consolidation is considered to be completed; and cutting off the power supply and standing for a period of time, taking out the consolidated soil body and carrying out corresponding performance detection.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115855618A (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2023-03-28 | 江苏科技大学 | Model box for electroosmosis vacuum preloading combined soft soil reinforcement and use method thereof |
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