CN101666722B - Electro-osmotic consolidation method of large triaxial test of gravel admixture - Google Patents
Electro-osmotic consolidation method of large triaxial test of gravel admixture Download PDFInfo
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- CN101666722B CN101666722B CN2009101835252A CN200910183525A CN101666722B CN 101666722 B CN101666722 B CN 101666722B CN 2009101835252 A CN2009101835252 A CN 2009101835252A CN 200910183525 A CN200910183525 A CN 200910183525A CN 101666722 B CN101666722 B CN 101666722B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electro-osmotic consolidation method of a large triaxial test of gravel admixture. The two ends of a sample in a large triaxial apparatus are respectively provided with an electrokinetic geosynthetics electrode and are connected with an external power through wires, and the sample generates electro-osmotic consolidation under the action of an electric field. The method of the invention can greatly shorten the consolidation time of the sample of the large triaxial test, improve work efficiency, and simultaneously ensure even sample consolidation. In the invention, electrodes, wires and power supply are only arranged on the triaxial apparatus additionally, and the method is low in application cost, convenient in operation, and quick and effective in consolidation of gravel admixture in the large triaxial test.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of consolidation method of large triaxial test, particularly a kind of electro-osmotic consolidation method of large triaxial test of gravel admixture.
Background technology
China southwest is being built with high core wall rockfill dam yet to be built a lot, and a lot of dam body height reach more than the 200m, even have reached the 300m level.Traditional employing cohesive soil core-wall can not satisfy the requirement of superelevation core of earth-rockfill dam intensity and distortion as the way of antiseepage body.Calculous soil generally can obtain higher density and intensity, lower compressibility and barrier performance preferably after rolling, this gravel material of mixing has been widely used as the core-wall impervious material in high earth-rock works.
In high core wall dam designing and calculating, must understand the strength-deformation characteristic of mixing gravel core-wall material, therefore need carry out triaxial test.Because mixing the gravel material has bigger particle diameter, can not carry out the triaxial test of stock size, therefore need carry out large triaxial test, specimen finish is generally 300mm * 600mm.In the big triaxial strength deformation test of mixing gravel core-wall material, sample at first needs fixed.
Before the present invention, sample is fixed all to adopt method fixed under the confined pressure effect.Because specimen finish big (300mm), drainage path is longer, so consolidation time is very long.Consolidation time is with to mix what of gravel amount relevant, and it is few more to mix gravel, and then consolidation time is long more.For example, a sample of mixing gravel 50%, consolidation time needed about a week.If mix the gravel amount still less the time, consolidation time will reach several weeks.During sample is fixed, take test apparatus, wasted valuable test resource.An earth and rockfill dam often needs to carry out tens of groups of large triaxial tests, if calculate according to this consolidation time, the required test period will be very long, lose time, and test efficiency is low.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just is to overcome the defective that above-mentioned large triaxial test sample consolidation time is long, test efficiency is low, proposes a kind of consolidation by electroosmosis method of mixing large triaxial test of gravel.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of consolidation by electroosmosis method of mixing large triaxial test of gravel may further comprise the steps:
(1) reservation draining duct and lead pass through the duct on large-scale triaxial apparatus base and cover plate;
(2) on base, place insulcrete, battery lead plate and filter paper successively;
(3) lead with the bottom passes base and insulcrete, is connected with the lower electrode plate;
(4) the gravel material samples is mixed in making on base;
(5) on sample, place filter paper, battery lead plate and insulcrete successively;
(6) lead with top passes cover plate and insulcrete, is connected with upper electrode plate;
(7) connect drainpipe;
(8) upper and lower two leads are drawn from the pressure chamber, and be connected with external power source;
(9) energized, sample generation consolidation by electroosmosis.
In step (2) and (6), described battery lead plate adopts electronic geosynthetics (being called for short EGK) to make.Electronic geosynthetics inside has been inweaved conductive material, as graphite, tinsel etc., can conduct electricity, and the needle-like aperture of a lot of up/down perforations is arranged again, makes things convenient for draining.Described battery lead plate diameter is identical with sample; Insulcrete adopts the duroplasts of insulation to be made, and diameter is identical with the battery lead plate diameter, and reserves the lead hole on insulcrete.
The inventive method can also be carried out the electrode conversion in step (9) consolidation by electroosmosis process.
Method of the present invention is in consolidation by electroosmosis, and sample can add confined pressure, and it is fixed that sample is taken place under confined pressure-electric osmose synergy.
Advantage of the present invention and effect are:
Adopt electro-osmosis method to mix the fixed of large triaxial test of gravel sample, overcome traditional consolidation method because specimen size is big, drainage path length causes the fixed slow shortcoming of sample, make and adopt the fixed required time of conventional confined pressure to become several hrs from a couple of days and even a few weeks longer, shorten consolidation time greatly, improved work efficiency.
The present invention adopts EGK as electrode, has solved the galvanic corrosion problem that traditional employing metal electrode produces, and the EGK electrode both can be used as negative electrode, also can be used as anode, conveniently carries out the electrode conversion, and itself also has drainage performance the EGK material, does not need to establish in addition displacement hull.
The inventive method can realize on original test apparatus, has only increased electrode, lead and power supply on the basis of existing triaxial apparatus, and application cost is low; The present invention is easy to operate, and the large triaxial test step can be carried out according to original step substantially, only when fixed by the fixed consolidation by electroosmosis that become of original confined pressure, do not increase operation easier.
The present invention adopts the rapidly solidified gravel material of mixing of electro-osmosis method in large triaxial test be a kind of very effective method, and technique effect is very good.Other advantage of the present invention will continue to describe in conjunction with embodiment hereinafter.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1-structure principle chart of the present invention.
Among the figure, the 1-pressure chamber; The 2-cover plate; The 3-base; The 4-sample; 5-filter paper; The 6-battery lead plate; The 7-insulcrete; The 8-lead; The 9-osculum; The 10-drainpipe; The 11-power supply; 12-sealing bolt.
Embodiment
Method of the present invention is used to mix gravel core-wall material large triaxial test, and its apparatus as shown in Figure 1.
A kind of gravel core-wall material large triaxial test electric osmose fast consolidation method of mixing, its concrete technical step is:
(1) on large-scale triaxial apparatus base 3, cover plate 2, reserves osculum 9 respectively and lead passes through the duct.
(2) on base 3, place insulcrete 7, insulcrete 7 is positioned on base 3 end faces, diameter is identical with sample 4, be 300mm, thickness is that 1～2mm gets final product, and reserves the aperture that lead 8 passes through on the insulcrete 7, insulcrete 7 is made by the insulation duroplasts and is formed, require distortion little, the effect of insulcrete 7 is to make insulation between lower electrode plate 6 and the base 3, prevents electric leakage.
On insulcrete 7, place battery lead plate 6, battery lead plate 6 diameters are identical with sample 4, are 300mm, and battery lead plate 6 thickness are 1～2cm, battery lead plate 6 is made by electronic geosynthetics (being called for short EGK), inside has inweaved tinsel, can conduct electricity, and has the needle-like aperture of a lot of up/down perforations, make things convenient for draining, the effect of electrifying electrodes is played in its effect on the one hand, can replace the permeable stone of traditional triaxial test on the other hand, as the passage of draining.
Place filter paper 5 on the battery lead plate 6, filter paper 5 is the round-shaped of diameter 300mm, and its effect stops soil particle directly to enter electrode on the one hand, makes sample 4 bottom surface drainings even on the other hand.
(3) lead 8 with the bottom passes the aperture of reserving on base 3 and the insulcrete 7, contacts with lower electrode plate 6 to connect, and during connection, can directly be wrapped on the tinsel of battery lead plate 6, and can switch on gets final product.Lead 8 requires the outside surface insulation.
(4) will mix gravel core-wall material samples 4 on base 3 and make, method for making is with general large triaxial test.
(5) on sample 4 end faces, place filter paper 5, battery lead plate 6 and insulcrete 7 successively; Except that placement order on the contrary, other are all identical with step (3).
(6) lead 8 with top passes the aperture of reserving on cover plate 2 and the insulcrete 7, and lead 8 connects with upper electrode plate 6;
(7) drainpipe 10 is connected.
(8) aperture of two leads 8 by pressure chamber's 1 end face passed, lead 8 all will be provided with sealing bolt 12 in the exit of base 3, cover plate 2 and pressure chamber 1, the infiltration of anti-sealing and oozing out.
Two leads 8 that pressure chamber 1 is drawn are connected with external power source 11, and power supply 11 adopts direct supply, voltage scalable.
(9) energized 11, and sample 4 begins to take place consolidation by electroosmosis, mix what and required consolidation time of gravel amount according to sample and select suitable voltage.。
During consolidation by electroosmosis, pore water is the cathode motion in the battery lead plate 6 up and down, by the drainage channel of negative electrode water is discharged.Among the present invention, all be provided with drainage channel, so the battery lead plate at sample 4 two ends all can be used as male or female at sample 4 two ends.Adopting the EGK material is both to have can be used as anode as another benefit of battery lead plate 6, also can be used as negative electrode.In the consolidation process of test, in order to make sample fixed even about in the of 4, can be every the regular hour, as 15MIN, 30MIN, 45MIN, 60MIN, 1.5 hours or 2 hours etc., carry out the one-time electrode conversion, even two leads 8 exchanged with being connected mutually of power supply 11 both positive and negative polarities, promptly finished the electrode conversion.By the electrode switch technology, make sample 4 respectively by the upper and lower end draining, so not only accelerated consolidation rate, can also guarantee fixed even.
In consolidation by electroosmosis, also can around sample 4, add confined pressure, make sample 4 fixed under confined pressure-electric osmose synergy, can give full play to the strong point of two kinds of consolidation methods like this, consolidation rate is faster, and consolidation effect is better.
Protection scope of the present invention is not limited only to the description of present embodiment, but is limited according to claim.
Claims (3)
1. consolidation by electroosmosis method of mixing large triaxial test of gravel may further comprise the steps:
(1) reservation draining duct and lead pass through the duct on large-scale triaxial apparatus base and cover plate;
(2) on base, place insulcrete, battery lead plate and filter paper successively;
(3) lead with the bottom passes base and insulcrete, is connected with the lower electrode plate;
(4) the gravel material samples is mixed in making on base;
(5) on sample, place filter paper, battery lead plate and insulcrete successively;
(6) lead with top passes cover plate and insulcrete, is connected with upper electrode plate;
(7) connect drainpipe;
(8) upper and lower two leads are drawn from the pressure chamber, and be connected with external power source;
(9) energized, sample generation consolidation by electroosmosis carries out the electrode conversion in the consolidation by electroosmosis process;
Described battery lead plate adopts electronic geosynthetics to make.
2. consolidation by electroosmosis method of mixing large triaxial test of gravel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the diameter of described battery lead plate and insulcrete is identical with sample.
3. consolidation by electroosmosis method of mixing large triaxial test of gravel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: sample adds confined pressure in consolidation by electroosmosis, it is fixed that sample is taken place under confined pressure-electric osmose synergy.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009101835252A CN101666722B (en) | 2009-09-14 | 2009-09-14 | Electro-osmotic consolidation method of large triaxial test of gravel admixture |
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| CN2009101835252A CN101666722B (en) | 2009-09-14 | 2009-09-14 | Electro-osmotic consolidation method of large triaxial test of gravel admixture |
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| CN101666722B true CN101666722B (en) | 2011-07-06 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102507652B (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2014-04-16 | 清华大学 | Bidirectional electricosmosis consolidometer |
| CN102720182B (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2014-09-17 | 武汉大学 | Conductive plastic drain board |
| CN103335876B (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2015-10-07 | 河海大学 | Soft clay sample preparation device and method is reinvented based on vacuum combined electroosmosis |
| CN103837385B (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2016-03-16 | 河海大学 | Coarse-grained soil high polymer grouting triaxial test sample preparation device and using method thereof |
| CN104949887A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-09-30 | 大连理工大学 | Testing device for reducing friction force of end of triaxial sample |
| CN105158034A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-12-16 | 河海大学 | Cohesive soil large-scale triaxial sample consolidating apparatus and consolidating method thereof |
| CN106053254A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-10-26 | 天津城建大学 | Electric osmosis-loading joint shear apparatus |
| CN108254529A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-07-06 | 浙江大学 | The electric osmose combined heap load precompacting device that a kind of electrode plate is arranged up and down |
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