CN114878525A - Multi-channel fluorescence detection biological pollution environment early warning instrument - Google Patents
Multi-channel fluorescence detection biological pollution environment early warning instrument Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6402—Atomic fluorescence; Laser induced fluorescence
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
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- G01N15/075—
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Abstract
The invention discloses a biological pollution environment early warning instrument for multi-channel fluorescence detection, which belongs to the technical field of biological aerosol detection and comprises a laser emission module, a receiving optical module, a signal acquisition and data processing module, a server and a data analysis module; the laser emitting module is used for emitting ultraviolet laser; the receiving optical module receives the echo signals through the telescope, branches the received echo signals to form two longer fluorescence waveband scattering signals with detection wavelengths and a meter scattering waveband signal with unchanged detection wavelengths, and transmits the two fluorescence waveband scattering signals and the meter scattering waveband signal to corresponding photoelectric detectors in the signal acquisition and data processing module to form a first fluorescence channel, a second fluorescence channel and a meter channel; the data analysis module analyzes the data transmitted by the first fluorescence channel, the second fluorescence channel and the rice channel, realizes the rapid detection of the bioaerosol existing in the atmosphere, and has the characteristics of high sensitivity and high accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bioaerosol detection, and particularly relates to a biological pollution environment early warning instrument for multi-channel fluorescence detection.
Background
The bioaerosols can propagate in the air and diffuse to the surrounding environment, causing allergic reactions to humans, which can be harmful to human health. In order to reduce the harm to people caused by the attack of harmful organism aerosol, the biological aerosol with potential harm in the atmosphere is detected, and early warning and detection are particularly important. In order to early warn harmful organism aerosol in time, preventive measures are taken, rapid early warning needs to be carried out, and meanwhile, in order to take protection and treatment measures for interfering individuals, the type of the harmful organism aerosol needs to be identified in time so as to take proper rescue measures. The biochemical detection method is low in speed and cannot meet the requirements of early warning and identification in time, and the multichannel fluorescence detection biological pollution environment early warning instrument has the characteristic of quick response and can realize quick early warning of a biological pollution environment; meanwhile, the method has the characteristics of high sensitivity and high accuracy, can reduce unnecessary loss caused by false alarm of the biological aerosol, and realizes identification of the aerosol type through multiple channels.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems existing in the scheme, the invention provides a biological pollution environment early warning instrument for multi-channel fluorescence detection.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the multi-channel fluorescence detection biological pollution environment early warning instrument comprises a laser emission module, a receiving optical module, a signal acquisition and data processing module, a server and a data analysis module;
the laser emission module is used for emitting ultraviolet laser; the emission wavelength of the ultraviolet laser is between 260nm and 450 nm; the receiving optical module receives the echo signals through the telescope, branches the received echo signals to form two longer fluorescence waveband scattering signals with detection wavelengths and a meter scattering waveband signal with unchanged detection wavelengths, and transmits the two fluorescence waveband scattering signals and the meter scattering waveband signal to corresponding photoelectric detectors in the signal acquisition and data processing module to form a first fluorescence channel, a second fluorescence channel and a meter channel;
the data analysis module analyzes data transmitted by the first fluorescence channel, the second fluorescence channel and the rice channel, acquires data sent by the first fluorescence channel and the second fluorescence channel, identifies fluorescence signals in the data sent by the first fluorescence channel and the second fluorescence channel, and does not send an alarm indication when the fluorescence signals are not identified; and when the fluorescence signal is identified, sending an alarm indication, judging that the bioaerosol exists, and inverting the fluorescence spectrum information and the characteristic information of the bioaerosol according to the data of the first fluorescence channel and the second fluorescence channel.
Further, the working method of the laser emission module comprises the following steps:
setting the wavelength of ultraviolet laser to be emitted, adjusting the laser according to the set wavelength of the ultraviolet laser, emitting the ultraviolet laser after the laser is adjusted, and controlling the divergence angle of the ultraviolet laser through a beam expander.
Further, the method of setting the wavelength of the ultraviolet laser light to be emitted is:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining biological aerosol fluorescence spectrum ranges of a large number of regions from the Internet, establishing a fluorescence spectrum library according to obtained data, obtaining a region needing to be detected at present, inputting the region needing to be detected into the fluorescence spectrum library for matching, obtaining a corresponding fluorescence spectrum range, and determining the wavelength of ultraviolet laser needing to be emitted according to the obtained fluorescence spectrum range.
Furthermore, the signal acquisition and data processing module comprises a photoelectric detector and a data acquisition card, the data acquisition card is matched with the photoelectric detector, the photoelectric detector comprises a first detector, a second detector and a third detector, the first detector, the second detector and the third detector correspondingly receive two fluorescence band scattering signals and one meter scattering band signal, the first detector and the second detector respectively convert the received fluorescence band scattering signals into corresponding electric signals, and the third detector converts the received meter scattering band signals into corresponding electric signals; and marking a channel formed by the first detector, the second detector and the corresponding fluorescence waveband scattering signals as a first fluorescence channel and a second fluorescence channel, and marking a channel formed by the third detector and the rice scattering waveband signals as a rice channel.
Further, the manner of splitting the received echo signal is as follows: and carrying out color separation on the received echo signals by using a dichroic mirror.
Further, the manner of splitting the received echo signal is as follows: the received echo signals are directly split using optical fibers.
Further, the method for transmitting the two fluorescence band scattering signals and the one-meter scattering band signal to the corresponding photoelectric detector is as follows: and transmitting the corresponding signals in the telescope to the corresponding photoelectric detectors by using the prism group.
Further, the method for transmitting the two fluorescence band scattering signals and the one-meter scattering band signal to the corresponding photoelectric detector is as follows: and coupling the corresponding optical signals to the corresponding photoelectric detectors in an optical fiber coupling mode.
Further, the emergent laser of the laser emitting module is strictly parallel to the optical axis of the receiving optical module.
Further, the laser emitting module alternately emits ultraviolet laser with 266nm and 355nm wavelengths, the receiving optical module receives echo signals, branches the received echo signals, transmits the signals to the corresponding photoelectric detector, analyzes the signals through the data analysis module, judges whether bioaerosol exists or not, and performs inversion according to the received data when the bioaerosol is judged to exist, so as to obtain the multidimensional information of the aerosol cloud cluster.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: whether the bioaerosol exists in the atmosphere or not is rapidly detected, the method has the characteristics of high sensitivity and high accuracy, when the bioaerosol exists in the atmosphere, more information is obtained from the echo signal by establishing a plurality of channels such as a first fluorescence channel, a second fluorescence channel and a rice channel, data support is provided for subsequent data analysis and processing, the identification of characteristic information such as the type, the position and the intensity of the bioaerosol is realized, and fluorescence spectrum information can be obtained; the method comprises the steps of measuring the fluorescence distribution excited by 266nm or 355nm by alternately emitting ultraviolet laser with 266nm and 355nm wavelengths to obtain multiple groups of fluorescence information, and performing inversion according to the fluorescence spectrum information to obtain the multi-dimensional information of the aerosol cloud cluster.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the multi-channel fluorescence detection biological pollution environment early warning instrument comprises a laser emission module, a receiving optical module, a signal acquisition and data processing module, a server and a data analysis module;
the laser emission module is used for emitting ultraviolet laser and mainly comprises a laser, a beam expander, an optical filter and the like, wherein the beam expander is used for controlling the divergence angle of a light beam so that the divergence angle of the light beam is as small as possible; YAG laser, 1064nm laser that it produces emits specific ultraviolet laser with wavelength between 260nm-450nm after triple frequency or quadruple frequency, because under the excitation of the appropriate laser wavelength, the bioaerosol will produce the fluorescence, most bioaerosols existing in the atmosphere contain the fluorescent molecule, such as aromatic amino acid, riboflavin, coenzyme, etc.; the excitation spectral range of the aromatic amino acid is mainly concentrated at 280-290nm, and the fluorescence spectral range is 300-400 nm; most biological aerosols in the atmosphere contain fluorescent molecules, and generate an emission spectrum with fluorescent characteristics under the excitation of ultraviolet laser, such as tryptophan, tyrosine, phenylalanine, NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), riboflavin and the like; therefore, the biological attributes of the aerosol in the atmosphere can be early warned and identified by utilizing the laser-induced fluorescence spectrum.
The working method of the laser emission module comprises the following steps:
setting the wavelength of ultraviolet laser to be emitted, adjusting the laser according to the set wavelength of the ultraviolet laser, emitting the ultraviolet laser after the laser is adjusted, and controlling the divergence angle of the ultraviolet laser through a beam expander.
In one embodiment, the method for setting the wavelength of the ultraviolet laser light to be emitted may be:
acquiring biological aerosol fluorescence spectrum ranges of a large number of regions from the Internet, establishing a fluorescence spectrum library according to acquired data, acquiring a region needing to be detected currently, inputting the region needing to be detected into the fluorescence spectrum library for matching, acquiring a corresponding fluorescence spectrum range, and determining the wavelength of ultraviolet laser needing to be emitted according to the acquired fluorescence spectrum range; preferably, a matching table of the wavelength of the ultraviolet laser and the fluorescence spectrum range can be established, so that the wavelength of the ultraviolet laser can be conveniently determined.
The receiving optical module comprises a telescope and a subsequent light path unit, the telescope is used for receiving backward echo signals, a large-caliber telescope is usually selected, better echo signals can be obtained and the entrance of background noise can be limited by limiting the receiving field angle, the signal to noise ratio is improved, and the telescope can be a Newton type telescope or a Cassegrain type telescope; the subsequent optical unit is used for suppressing background radiation and transmitting target light to the photoelectric detector; comprises a lens group, a dichroic mirror, a filter, an attenuation sheet and the like;
the emergent laser of the laser emitting module is strictly parallel to the optical axis of the receiving optical module;
the working method of the receiving optical module comprises the following steps:
the telescope receives the echo signals, branches the received echo signals to form two fluorescence waveband scattering signals with longer detection wavelength and a meter scattering waveband signal with unchanged detection wavelength, and the two fluorescence waveband scattering signals and the meter scattering waveband signal are transmitted to the corresponding photoelectric detector.
Laser pulses emitted by the laser radar interact with aerosol particles and atmospheric molecules in the atmosphere to generate echo signals, and the received echo signals are processed and analyzed to obtain the physical and optical characteristics of the molecules and the particles in the atmosphere. In the atmospheric environment, atmospheric molecules and aerosol particles have different sizes, and the physical mechanism generated when laser acts on the atmospheric molecules and the aerosol particles is different.
The method comprises the following steps: rayleigh scattering, which is a kind of elastic scattering, mainly occurs in the case that the laser wavelength is much larger than the particle size, and the scattering wavelength is equal to the laser wavelength.
Meter scattering, which is also an elastic scattering, occurs mainly at laser wavelengths smaller than or comparable to the particle size; the light is not energy exchanged in the process of scattering by meter and the scattering wavelength coincides with the incident light wavelength.
The method for shunting the received echo signals comprises the following steps:
in one embodiment, a dichroic mirror is used to color-separate the received echo signals;
in one embodiment, the received echo signals are split directly using optical fibers.
The method for transmitting the two fluorescence waveband scattering signals and the one-meter scattering waveband signal to the corresponding photoelectric detector comprises the following steps:
in one embodiment, a prism group is used to transmit corresponding signals in the telescope onto corresponding photodetectors;
in one embodiment, the corresponding optical signal is coupled to the corresponding photodetector by fiber coupling.
The signal acquisition and data processing module comprises a photoelectric detector, a data acquisition card and an identification unit;
the data acquisition card can be generally divided into photon counting and analog counting (A/D), and the data acquisition card is selected to be matched with a photoelectric detector and meet the distance resolution requirement; the photoelectric detector is used for converting the optical signal received by the receiving unit into an electric signal, and different photoelectric detectors are adopted according to the intensity of the optical signal in practical application; common photodetectors include photomultiplier tubes, avalanche diodes, charge coupled devices; the photoelectric detector comprises a first detector, a second detector and a third detector, the first detector, the second detector and the third detector correspondingly receive two fluorescence waveband scattering signals and a meter scattering waveband signal, the first detector and the second detector respectively convert the received fluorescence waveband scattering signals into corresponding electric signals, and the third detector converts the received meter scattering waveband signals into corresponding electric signals; and marking a channel formed by the first detector, the second detector and the corresponding fluorescence waveband scattering signals as a first fluorescence channel and a second fluorescence channel, and marking a channel formed by the third detector and the rice scattering waveband signals as a rice channel.
In one embodiment, the echo signal may be split into a plurality of optical signals, and a corresponding number of photodetectors are also disposed in the signal acquisition and data processing module to form a plurality of fluorescence channels and a plurality of rice channels.
The server is used for realizing the setting of the working modes of the laser, the signal generator, the photoelectric detector, the data acquisition card and other devices, realizing the connection, the opening and the closing of each module device, and setting and adjusting system parameters so as to realize the time sequence control of the system.
The data analysis module is used for analyzing data transmitted by the first fluorescence channel, the second fluorescence channel and the rice channel, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
acquiring data sent by a first fluorescence channel and a second fluorescence channel, identifying fluorescence signals in the data sent by the first fluorescence channel and the second fluorescence channel, and not sending an alarm indication when the fluorescence signals are not identified; when the fluorescence signal is identified, an alarm indication is sent out, the existence of the bioaerosol is judged, the fluorescence spectrum information and the characteristic information of the bioaerosol are inverted according to the data of the first fluorescence channel and the second fluorescence channel, the fluorescence spectrum information and the characteristic information of the bioaerosol can be inverted by using the prior art according to the data transmitted by the first fluorescence channel, the second fluorescence channel and the rice channel, and the characteristic information comprises position, intensity, category and the like. By establishing a plurality of channels such as a first fluorescence channel, a second fluorescence channel and a rice channel, more information can be obtained from echo signals, data support is provided for subsequent data analysis and processing, the identification of characteristic information such as the type, position and intensity of bioaerosol is realized, and fluorescence spectrum information can be obtained.
The theoretical value P (R) of the detected fluorescence echo signal intensity along with the change of the distance, and if the bioaerosol cloud in the atmosphere is uniform, the equation expression of the fluorescence echo signal intensity P (R) is as follows:
in the formula, E 0 Is the laser pulse energy output by the laser, c is the speed of light, A 0 The receiving area of the telescope, R is the detection distance of the laser radar, T (R) is the atmospheric transmittance, xi (R) is the geometric overlapping factor, S is the effective cross-sectional area of fluorescence scattering, Delta lambda is the bandwidth of the optical filter, N (R) is the concentration of bioaerosol particles, eta 0 The receiving frequency of the fluorescence signal for the fluorescence laser radar system. In the formula of laser emission energy E 0 And telescope receiving area A 0 Having a significant influence on the echo signal, E 0 And A 0 The larger the echo signal power p (r).
In one embodiment, the laser emission module alternately emits ultraviolet laser with 266nm and 355nm wavelengths, the receiving optical module receives echo signals, branches the received echo signals, transmits the branch signals to the corresponding photoelectric detector, analyzes the branch signals through the data analysis module, judges whether bioaerosol exists or not, and performs inversion according to received data when the bioaerosol is judged to exist to obtain multidimensional information of an aerosol cloud group, wherein the multidimensional information of the aerosol cloud group is data obtained by integrating a plurality of bioaerosol detection data. The method comprises the steps of measuring the fluorescence distribution excited by 266nm or 355nm by alternately emitting ultraviolet laser with 266nm and 355nm wavelengths to obtain multiple groups of fluorescence information, and performing inversion according to the fluorescence spectrum information to obtain the characteristic information of the bioaerosol.
The above formulas are all calculated by removing dimensions and taking numerical values thereof, the formula is a formula which is obtained by acquiring a large amount of data and performing software simulation to obtain the closest real situation, and the preset parameters and the preset threshold value in the formula are set by the technical personnel in the field according to the actual situation or obtained by simulating a large amount of data.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: setting the wavelength of ultraviolet laser to be emitted, adjusting the laser according to the set wavelength of the ultraviolet laser, emitting the ultraviolet laser after the laser is adjusted, controlling the divergence angle of the ultraviolet laser through a beam expander, receiving an echo signal by a receiving optical module through a telescope, and shunting the received echo signal to form two fluorescence band scattering signals with longer detection wavelength and a meter scattering band signal with unchanged detection wavelength, and transmitting the two fluorescence band scattering signals and the meter scattering band signal to corresponding photoelectric detectors in a signal acquisition and data processing module to form a first fluorescence channel, a second fluorescence channel and a meter channel; the data analysis module analyzes data transmitted by the first fluorescence channel, the second fluorescence channel and the rice channel, acquires data sent by the first fluorescence channel and the second fluorescence channel, identifies fluorescence signals in the data sent by the first fluorescence channel and the second fluorescence channel, and does not send an alarm indication when the fluorescence signals are not identified; and when the fluorescence signal is identified, sending an alarm indication, judging that the bioaerosol exists, and inverting the fluorescence spectrum information and the characteristic information of the bioaerosol according to the data of the first fluorescence channel and the second fluorescence channel.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The biological pollution environment early warning instrument for multi-channel fluorescence detection is characterized by comprising a laser emission module, a receiving optical module, a signal acquisition and data processing module, a server and a data analysis module;
the laser emitting module is used for emitting ultraviolet laser; the receiving optical module receives the echo signal through the telescope, branches the received echo signal to form two fluorescence waveband scattering signals with longer detection wavelength and a rice scattering waveband signal with unchanged detection wavelength, and transmits the two fluorescence waveband scattering signals and the rice scattering waveband signal to corresponding photoelectric detectors in the signal acquisition and data processing module to form a first fluorescence channel, a second fluorescence channel and a rice channel;
the data analysis module analyzes data transmitted by the first fluorescence channel, the second fluorescence channel and the rice channel, acquires data sent by the first fluorescence channel and the second fluorescence channel, identifies fluorescence signals in the data, and does not send an alarm indication when the fluorescence signals are not identified; and when the fluorescence signal is identified, sending an alarm indication, judging that the bioaerosol exists, and inverting the fluorescence spectrum information and the characteristic information of the bioaerosol according to the data of the first fluorescence channel and the second fluorescence channel.
2. The multi-channel fluorescence-detected bio-pollution environment early warning instrument as claimed in claim 1, wherein the working method of the laser emission module comprises:
setting the wavelength of ultraviolet laser to be emitted, adjusting the laser according to the set wavelength of the ultraviolet laser, emitting the ultraviolet laser after the laser is adjusted, and controlling the divergence angle of the ultraviolet laser through a beam expander; the emission wavelength of the ultraviolet laser is between 260nm and 450 nm.
3. The multi-channel fluorescence-detected bio-contamination environment early warning instrument according to claim 1, wherein the method of setting the wavelength of the ultraviolet laser light to be emitted is:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining biological aerosol fluorescence spectrum ranges of a large number of regions from the Internet, establishing a fluorescence spectrum library according to obtained data, obtaining a region needing to be detected at present, inputting the region needing to be detected into the fluorescence spectrum library for matching, obtaining a corresponding fluorescence spectrum range, and determining the wavelength of ultraviolet laser needing to be emitted according to the obtained fluorescence spectrum range.
4. The multi-channel fluorescence detection biological pollution environment early warning instrument according to claim 1, wherein the signal acquisition and data processing module comprises a photodetector and a data acquisition card, the data acquisition card is matched with the photodetector, the photodetector comprises a first detector, a second detector and a third detector, the first detector, the second detector and the third detector correspondingly receive two fluorescence band scattering signals and one meter scattering band signal, the first detector and the second detector respectively convert the received fluorescence band scattering signals into corresponding electrical signals, and the third detector converts the received meter scattering band signals into corresponding electrical signals; and marking a channel formed by the first detector, the second detector and the corresponding fluorescence waveband scattering signals as a first fluorescence channel and a second fluorescence channel, and marking a channel formed by the third detector and the rice scattering waveband signals as a rice channel.
5. The multi-channel fluorescence-detecting biological pollution environment early warning instrument according to claim 1, wherein the received echo signals are branched in a way that: and carrying out color separation on the received echo signals by using a dichroic mirror.
6. The multi-channel fluorescence-detecting biological pollution environment early warning instrument according to claim 1, wherein the received echo signals are branched in a way that: the received echo signals are directly split using optical fibers.
7. The multi-channel fluorescence-detected bio-pollution environment early warning instrument according to claim 4, wherein the method for transmitting two fluorescence band scattering signals and one millimeter scattering band signal to the corresponding photoelectric detector is as follows: and transmitting the corresponding signals in the telescope to the corresponding photoelectric detectors by using the prism group.
8. The multi-channel fluorescence-detected bio-pollution environment early warning instrument according to claim 4, wherein the method for transmitting two fluorescence band scattering signals and one millimeter scattering band signal to the corresponding photoelectric detector is as follows: and coupling the corresponding optical signals to the corresponding photoelectric detectors in an optical fiber coupling mode.
9. The multi-channel fluorescence-detected bio-contamination environment early warning instrument as claimed in claim 1, wherein the laser of the laser emitting module is strictly parallel to the optical axis of the receiving optical module.
10. The multi-channel fluorescence detection biological pollution environment early warning instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the laser emission module alternately emits ultraviolet laser with 266nm and 355nm wavelengths, the receiving optical module receives the echo signal, branches the received echo signal, transmits the signal to the corresponding photoelectric detector, analyzes the signal by the data analysis module to judge whether the bioaerosol exists, and performs inversion according to the received data when judging that the bioaerosol exists, so as to obtain the multidimensional information of the aerosol cloud.
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