CN114878307B - Testing device for gap erosion abrasion between concrete layers of ballastless track - Google Patents
Testing device for gap erosion abrasion between concrete layers of ballastless track Download PDFInfo
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- CN114878307B CN114878307B CN202210510992.7A CN202210510992A CN114878307B CN 114878307 B CN114878307 B CN 114878307B CN 202210510992 A CN202210510992 A CN 202210510992A CN 114878307 B CN114878307 B CN 114878307B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
- G01N3/567—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion by submitting the specimen to the action of a fluid or of a fluidised material, e.g. cavitation, jet abrasion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/30—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation in transportation, e.g. on roads, waterways or railways
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of railway tracks, in particular to a testing device for gap erosion wear between concrete layers of ballastless tracks, which comprises an assembly mechanism, a first concrete slab test piece, a second concrete slab test piece, a prefabricated water tank, a first connecting piece, a second connecting piece, an elastic sealing piece and a high-frequency loading device; the assembly type mechanism is connected with the inner bottom of the prefabricated water tank, a first concrete plate test piece is installed on the assembly type mechanism through a first connecting piece, a second concrete plate test piece is installed on the assembly type mechanism through a second connecting piece, a gap between the first concrete plate test piece and the second concrete plate test piece forms an interlayer gap, a rear side opening, a left side opening and a right side opening of the interlayer gap are plugged through elastic sealing pieces, and the high-frequency loading device is installed at the top of the assembly type mechanism. The device can adjust the height of the gap between layers, and after the test is finished, the concrete test piece can be conveniently detached and the change of the concrete test piece can be observed so as to test the erosion and abrasion conditions of the concrete test piece.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of railway tracks, in particular to a testing device for erosion abrasion of gaps among concrete layers of ballastless tracks.
Background
The appearance of the ballastless track greatly changes the national trip mode and greatly promotes the economic development. Due to improper construction and maintenance, a large number of cracks may occur inside or between layers of the ballastless track structure. In water environment and unsmooth district of drainage, a large amount of water can permeate the track structure inside along the interlayer gap, can produce certain pressure and speed under train load effect, and the water pressure that moves can produce the pulling pressure effect to the concrete fine particle on gap surface, and the rivers speed then can produce shearing action, when above-mentioned effect destroys the bonding force between surface fine particle and the base member, fine particle will break away from the base member to be discharged along with the flow of water, form the phenomenon of overflowing in crack exit. The particles in the water flow collide with concrete on the surface of the gap at a certain angle and at a certain speed, so that erosion and abrasion effects are further generated, more concrete particles are separated from the matrix, the height of the gap is gradually increased, diseases such as the separation of a track plate or a base plate are developed, and the safety and stability of driving are seriously affected.
In order to evaluate the concrete damage state of the ballastless track, a gap scouring experiment between the concrete layers of the ballastless track is often required to be carried out, and a tool adopted in the current experiment can not be detached and observed after the experiment is finished, so that great inconvenience is brought to the experiment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a testing device for erosion wear of gaps among concrete layers of ballastless track, which can be used for conveniently disassembling concrete slab test pieces and observing the change of the tested concrete test pieces so as to test the erosion wear condition of the concrete test pieces.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the device comprises an assembly type mechanism, a first concrete slab test piece, a second concrete slab test piece, a prefabricated water tank, a first connecting piece, a second connecting piece, an elastic sealing piece and a high-frequency loading device;
the assembly type mechanism is arranged at the bottom in the prefabricated water tank, the first concrete plate test piece is installed on the assembly type mechanism through a first connecting piece, the second concrete plate test piece is installed on the assembly type mechanism through a second connecting piece, the first concrete plate test piece and the second concrete plate test piece are mutually parallel and are correspondingly arranged, a gap between the first concrete plate test piece and the second concrete plate test piece forms an interlayer gap, and the interlayer gap comprises a front side opening, a rear side opening, a left side opening and a right side opening;
the high-frequency loading device is arranged at the top of the assembly type mechanism, and the rear side opening, the left side opening and the right side opening are all plugged through the elastic sealing piece.
Further, adjusting the first and/or second connectors can change the height of the interlayer gap.
Further, the assembly mechanism comprises an upper mounting plate, a lower mounting plate and a supporting mechanism, wherein the upper mounting plate is parallel to the lower mounting plate, the upper mounting plate is arranged right above the lower mounting plate, and the supporting mechanism is arranged between the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate;
the first concrete plate test piece is installed at the bottom of the upper mounting plate, and the second concrete plate test piece is installed at the top of the lower mounting plate.
Further, a setting plate is further arranged at the top of the upper mounting plate, and the high-frequency loading device is arranged on the setting plate.
Further, the supporting mechanism comprises a supporting piece, the upper mounting plate is fixedly connected with the lower mounting plate through the supporting piece, and the supporting piece is arranged on one side close to the rear side opening.
Further, the supporting mechanism further comprises a reinforcing rib, one end of the reinforcing rib is connected with the lower mounting plate, and the other end of the reinforcing rib is connected with the upper mounting plate or the upper portion of the supporting piece.
Further, the first connecting piece comprises a first embedded bolt and a first nut which are matched with each other for use, and the head of the first embedded bolt is embedded in the first concrete slab test piece.
Further, the first connecting piece further comprises a first gasket, and the first gasket is sleeved on the screw rod of the first embedded bolt.
Further, the second connecting piece comprises a second embedded bolt and a second nut which are matched with each other, and the head of the second embedded bolt is embedded in the second concrete slab test piece.
Further, the second connecting piece further comprises a second gasket, and the second gasket is sleeved on the screw rod of the second embedded bolt.
Further, the testing device further comprises a third connecting piece, and the lower mounting plate is connected with the prefabricated water tank through the third connecting piece.
Further, the third connecting piece comprises a third embedded bolt and a third nut which are matched with each other for use, and the head of the third embedded bolt is embedded in the bottom of the prefabricated water tank.
Further, the testing device further comprises a cushion block, and the cushion block is arranged between the inner bottom surface of the prefabricated water tank and the lower mounting plate.
Further, a reserved gap is formed in the side face of the upper mounting plate, and the reserved gap can enable a screw rod of the first embedded bolt to penetrate through the reserved gap;
or, a reserved gap is formed in the side face of the lower mounting plate, and the reserved gap can enable the screw rod of the second embedded bolt to penetrate through the reserved gap;
or, the side of the upper mounting plate and the side of the lower mounting plate are provided with reserved gaps, the reserved gaps on the side of the upper mounting plate can enable the screw of the first embedded bolt to pass through, and the reserved gaps on the side of the lower mounting plate can enable the screw of the second embedded bolt to pass through.
Further, the first connecting member, the second connecting member, and the third connecting member are each provided in plurality.
Further, the elastic sealing piece is waterproof glue.
Further, the assembly type mechanism is integrally made of steel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the first concrete slab test piece and the second concrete slab test piece can be flexibly installed on the assembly type mechanism, after the test is finished, the first concrete slab test piece and the second concrete slab test piece can be conveniently detached, and the change of the test can be clearly observed, so that the erosive wear condition of the concrete test piece can be obtained through the test.
Further, the height of the interlayer gap can be changed by adjusting the first connecting piece and/or the second connecting piece, the height of the interlayer gap can be changed by a control variable method, the comparison can be carried out through repeated measurement, the influence of different heights of the interlayer gap on erosion and abrasion of a concrete test piece can be obtained, and the measurement effect is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure of a testing apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the assembly mechanism of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the assembly mechanism according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic front view of the assembly mechanism in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
In the figure:
2-setting a plate; 3-an upper mounting plate; 4-a lower mounting plate; 5-reinforcing ribs; 6-a support; 9-a first concrete slab test piece; 10-a second concrete slab test piece; 11-high frequency loading means; 111-a first embedded bolt; 112-a first nut; 12-prefabricating a water tank; 13-cushion blocks; 141-a third embedded bolt; 142-a third nut; 151-second embedded bolts; 152-a second nut.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., are directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or are directions or positional relationships conventionally put in use of the inventive product, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal," "vertical," "overhang," and the like do not denote a requirement that the component be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but rather may be slightly inclined. As "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Some embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present embodiment provides a technical solution, as follows:
the utility model provides a testing arrangement of gap erosion wear between ballastless track concrete layer, includes assembly type mechanism, first concrete slab test piece 9, second concrete slab test piece 10, prefabricated water tank 12, first connecting piece, second connecting piece, elastic sealing piece and high frequency loading device 11, and first concrete slab test piece 9 and second concrete slab test piece 10 all preferably set up to regular rectangular plate structure and as the test piece.
In order to simulate the actual scene, the prefabricated water tank 12 is formed by welding steel plates, and water can be injected into the prefabricated water tank 12. The assembly type mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the cavity inside the prefabricated water tank 12, the assembly type mechanism is connected with the prefabricated water tank 12 to achieve fixation, the first concrete slab test piece 9 is installed on the assembly type mechanism through a first connecting piece, the second concrete slab test piece 10 is installed on the assembly type mechanism through a second connecting piece, and the height of the interlayer gap can be changed through adjusting the first connecting piece and/or the second connecting piece.
After the first concrete slab test piece 9 and the second concrete slab test piece 10 are installed on the assembly mechanism, the first concrete slab test piece 9 and the second concrete slab test piece 10 are parallel to each other and are correspondingly arranged, namely, the first concrete slab test piece 9 is located right above the second concrete slab test piece 10, or the second concrete slab test piece 10 is located right above the first concrete slab test piece 9.
Because the first concrete plate test piece 9 and the second concrete plate test piece 10 are parallel to each other after being mounted on the assembly mechanism, gaps between the first concrete plate test piece 9 and the second concrete plate test piece 10 form interlayer gaps, because the first concrete plate test piece 9 and the second concrete plate test piece 10 are correspondingly arranged, four sides of the side edge of the first concrete plate test piece 9 are correspondingly parallel to four sides of the side edge of the second concrete plate test piece 10, the interlayer gaps are hollow structures and are open on four sides, and four sides of the interlayer gaps are respectively provided with: front side opening, rear side opening, left side opening and right side opening.
The high-frequency loading device 11 can be a traditional fatigue loading device or a self-designed high-frequency dynamic loading device for loading; the high-frequency loading device 11 is arranged at the top of the assembly type mechanism, then, the rear side opening, the left side opening and the right side opening are all plugged through elastic sealing pieces, the elastic sealing pieces are preferably arranged to be waterproof glue, and the plugging effect is realized by bonding the waterproof glue at the left side opening, the right side opening and the rear side opening.
It should be noted that: the elastic sealing piece has certain elasticity, not only can play the effect of sealing, but also connects first concrete slab test piece 9 and second concrete slab test piece 10, and under the fatigue load effect, the elastic sealing piece can be repeatedly stretched, has certain elasticity.
The assembly type mechanism comprises an upper mounting plate 3, a lower mounting plate 4 and a supporting mechanism, wherein the upper mounting plate 3 is parallel to the lower mounting plate 4, and the upper mounting plate 3 is arranged right above the lower mounting plate 4, so that the first concrete slab test piece 9 and the second concrete slab test piece 10 can be correspondingly arranged after being mounted on the assembly type mechanism. In addition, set up supporting mechanism between upper mounting plate 3 and the lower mounting plate 4, supporting mechanism plays the effect of supporting and connecting, realizes the connection fixed between upper mounting plate 3 and the lower mounting plate 4.
It should be noted that the support mechanism includes a support member 6, and the support member 6 is preferably provided in a plate-like structure, and the upper mounting plate 3 and the lower mounting plate 4 are connected and fixed by the support member 6. The support member 6 is preferably arranged vertically during actual installation, the bottom end of the support member 6 is fixedly connected with the lower mounting plate 4, and the top end of the support member 6 is fixedly connected with the upper mounting plate 3.
The supporting mechanism further comprises reinforcing ribs 5, the number of the reinforcing ribs 5 is preferably two, the two reinforcing ribs 5 are respectively arranged on two sides of the supporting piece 6, one end of each reinforcing rib 5 is fixedly connected with the lower mounting plate 4, the other end of each reinforcing rib is fixedly connected with the upper portion of the supporting piece 6 or the upper mounting plate 3, and the other end of each reinforcing rib 5 is preferably fixedly connected with the upper mounting plate 3.
The shape of the reinforcing rib 5 is preferably a rectangular plate-like structure, which has the advantages that: the area is big, and the stationarity is high for the connection between the upper mounting panel 3 and the lower mounting panel 4 is more firm. In addition, the whole assembly mechanism is preferably made of steel materials, steel rails on the ballastless track can be simulated, namely, the upper mounting plate 3, the lower mounting plate 4, the supporting piece 6 and the reinforcing ribs 5 are made of the same steel materials, and fixed connection is realized in a welding mode.
Preferably, the setting plate 2 is provided on top of the upper mounting plate 3, and the high frequency loading device 11 is mounted on the setting plate 2, and the actual train load can be simulated by the operation of the high frequency loading device 11.
When the first concrete slab test piece 9 and the second concrete slab test piece 10 are actually installed on the assembly type mechanism, at least the following two installation modes are provided:
first, a first concrete slab test piece 9 is mounted at the bottom of the upper mounting plate 3, and a second concrete slab test piece 10 is mounted at the top of the lower mounting plate 4.
Second, a first concrete slab test piece 9 is mounted on top of the lower mounting plate 4, and a second concrete slab test piece 10 is mounted on bottom of the upper mounting plate 3.
Preferably, in a first mounting mode, a first concrete slab test piece 9 is mounted to the bottom of the upper mounting plate 3 and a second concrete slab test piece 10 is mounted to the top of the lower mounting plate 4.
The first concrete slab test piece 9 is installed at the bottom of the upper mounting plate 3 through a first connecting piece, the first connecting piece comprises a first embedded bolt 111 and a first nut 112 which are matched with each other for use, the head of the first embedded bolt 111 is embedded in the first concrete slab test piece 9, and the fixed connection of the first embedded bolt 111 and the first concrete slab test piece 9 is realized.
The second concrete slab test piece 10 is installed at the top of the lower mounting plate 4 through a second connecting piece, the second connecting piece comprises a second embedded bolt 151 and a second nut 152 which are matched with each other for use, the head of the second embedded bolt 151 is embedded in the second concrete slab test piece 10, and the fixed connection of the second embedded bolt 151 and the second concrete slab test piece 10 is realized.
It should be noted that, since the space between the upper mounting plate 3 and the lower mounting plate 4 is limited, there is a sequence of mounting when the first concrete slab test piece 9 and the second concrete slab test piece 10 are mounted, and therefore, a reserved gap needs to be provided on the upper mounting plate 3 and/or the lower mounting plate 4, which is specifically shown as follows:
1. if only the bolt hole corresponding to the first embedded bolt 111 is arranged on the first concrete slab test piece 9, a reserved gap needs to be formed on the side surface of the lower mounting plate 4, and the reserved gap can enable the screw of the second embedded bolt 151 to pass through. During installation, a first concrete plate test piece 9 is firstly installed, a screw rod of a first embedded bolt 111 is inserted into a corresponding bolt hole on the first concrete plate test piece 9, and a first nut 112 is installed on the first embedded bolt 111 to realize connection between the first concrete plate test piece 9 and an upper mounting plate 3; then, the second concrete slab test piece 10 is installed on the lower mounting plate 4, meanwhile, the second embedded bolts 151 cross through the reserved gaps formed in the side face of the lower mounting plate 4, and the second nuts 152 are installed, so that the first concrete slab test piece 9 and the second concrete slab test piece 10 are installed.
2. If only the bolt hole corresponding to the second embedded bolt 151 is arranged on the lower mounting plate 4, a reserved gap needs to be arranged on the side surface of the upper mounting plate 3, and the reserved gap can enable the screw of the first embedded bolt 111 to pass through. During installation, a second concrete slab test piece 10 is installed firstly, a screw rod of a second embedded bolt 151 is inserted into a corresponding bolt hole on the second concrete slab test piece 10, and a first nut 112 is installed on the second embedded bolt 151 to realize connection between the second concrete slab test piece 10 and a lower mounting plate 4; then, the first concrete slab test piece 9 is installed on the upper installation plate 3, meanwhile, the first embedded bolt 111 transversely penetrates through the reserved gap formed in the side face of the upper installation plate 3, and the first nut 112 is installed, so that the installation of the first concrete slab test piece 9 and the second concrete slab test piece 10 is realized.
3. Reservation gaps are formed in the side face of the upper mounting plate 3 and the side face of the lower mounting plate 4, the screw rod of the first embedded bolt 111 can transversely penetrate through the reservation gaps in the side face of the upper mounting plate 3, and the screw rod of the second embedded bolt 151 can transversely penetrate through the reservation gaps in the side face of the lower mounting plate 4. When the concrete slab is installed, the first concrete slab test piece 9 or the second concrete slab test piece 10 can be installed first, the installation sequence does not exist, and the installation of the first concrete slab test piece 9 and the second concrete slab test piece 10 can be realized.
In summary, since the second concrete slab test piece 10 is installed first and then the first concrete slab test piece 9 is installed in the order of normal installation from bottom to top, it is preferable to use the second case that only the bolt holes corresponding to the second embedded bolts 151 are provided in the lower mounting plate 4 and the side surface of the upper mounting plate 3 is provided with the reserved gap. In the third case, although the second concrete slab test piece 10 can be installed first and then the first concrete slab test piece 9 can be installed, the number of reserved gaps is correspondingly increased, and the more reserved gaps are, the more the reserved gaps are, the stability of the test piece is affected.
After the first concrete slab test piece 9 and the second concrete slab test piece 10 are installed, the height adjustment of the interlayer gap can be realized by adjusting the first nut 112 and/or the second nut 152.
More preferably, the first connecting piece further comprises a first gasket sleeved on the screw rod of the first embedded bolt 111, and the second connecting piece further comprises a second gasket sleeved on the screw rod of the second embedded bolt 151. When the first nut 112 is adjusted, the number or the thickness of the first gaskets is changed, and the connection between the first concrete slab test piece 9 and the upper mounting plate 3 can be firmer; when adjusting the second nut 152, the number or thickness of the second gaskets is changed, and the connection between the second concrete slab test piece 10 and the lower mounting plate 4 can be firmer.
The testing device further comprises a third connecting piece, the lower mounting plate 4 is connected with the prefabricated water tank 12 through the third connecting piece, the third connecting piece comprises a third embedded bolt 141 and a third nut 142 which are matched with each other for use, the head of the third embedded bolt 141 is embedded in the bottom of the prefabricated water tank 12, a bolt hole corresponding to the third embedded bolt 141 is further formed in the lower mounting plate 4, and when the testing device is mounted, the third embedded bolt 141 is inserted into the bolt hole in the lower mounting plate 4, and the third nut 142 is mounted on the third embedded bolt 141 for locking.
The testing device further comprises a cushion block 13, the cushion block 13 is arranged between the inner bottom surface of the prefabricated water tank 12 and the lower mounting plate 4, the top end of the cushion block 13 is abutted against the bottom surface of the lower mounting plate 4, the bottom end of the cushion block 13 is abutted against the inner bottom surface of the prefabricated water tank 12, the cushion blocks 13 can be arranged in a plurality, and the height of the assembly mechanism can be adjusted by changing the height of the cushion blocks 13.
It should be noted that: the first, second and third connectors may each be provided in plurality. When the number of the first connecting pieces is plural, the number of the reserved gaps corresponding to the first embedded bolts 111 on the upper mounting plate 3 is plural correspondingly; when the second connecting pieces are provided in plurality, the bolt holes corresponding to the second embedded bolts 151 on the lower mounting plate 4 are correspondingly provided in plurality; when the third connecting members are provided in plural, the bolt holes corresponding to the third embedded bolts 141 are also provided in plural correspondingly on the lower mounting plate 4.
The frock that adopts when developing the test among the prior art can't adjust the height of interlayer gap, needs the maintenance to pour the concrete test piece that has different interlayer gap characteristics, also can't dismantle and observe test concrete erosive wear degree after the test is finished, if experimental condition is many, pour the concrete test piece that the maintenance is certain gap characteristic and be many, increased experimental time.
The first concrete slab test piece 9 and the second concrete slab test piece 10 of this application can be installed in a flexible way on assembled mechanism to after the test, can convenient to detach first concrete slab test piece 9 and second concrete slab test piece 10 and observe its change of test, with the erosive wear condition of test concrete test piece, and can change through adjusting first connecting piece and/or second connecting piece the height of interlayer gap can be through the control variable method, the improvement measuring effect reduces the experiment time.
The test principle of the application is as follows:
before the test, a certain amount of water is injected into the prefabricated water tank 12, the water surface is higher than the bottom surface of the first concrete slab test piece 9, the left side opening, the right side opening and the rear side opening of the interlayer gap are sealed by using the elastic sealing piece before water injection, only the front side opening is reserved as a water outlet, and the water in the interlayer gap is ensured to flow out only along the direction of the front side opening in the loading process of the high-frequency loading device 11.
During testing, the high-frequency loading device 11 operates, when the upper mounting plate 3 is stressed and deformed, the second concrete plate test piece 10 generates the same displacement along with the deformation, the lower mounting plate 4 and the second concrete plate test piece 10 are connected through the second embedded bolt 151 and the second nut 152, and as the screw length of the second embedded bolt 151 on the second concrete plate test piece 10 exceeds the bottom surface of the lower mounting plate 4, a plurality of cushion blocks 13 are required to be placed between the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the prefabricated water tank 12 and the bottom surface of the lower mounting plate 4 to keep stable. The lower mounting plate 4 is connected with the prefabricated water tank 12 through a third embedded bolt 141 so as to reduce the influence of self vibration of the assembly mechanism on a test result during a test. In the test, the first nut 112 and/or the second nut 152 are/is adjusted to adjust the height of the interlayer gap, and after the height of the interlayer gap is adjusted, the left side opening, the right side opening and the rear side opening of the interlayer gap are required to be plugged again by using waterproof glue as the elastic sealing piece adopts waterproof glue. After the test is finished, the first concrete slab test piece 9 and the second concrete slab test piece 10 can be disassembled, and the erosion and abrasion conditions of the two concrete test pieces are observed and tested.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments herein include some features but not others included in other embodiments, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims below, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination. The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The device for testing the erosion and abrasion of the gap between the concrete layers of the ballastless track is characterized by comprising an assembly mechanism, a first concrete slab test piece (9), a second concrete slab test piece (10), a prefabricated water tank (12), a first connecting piece, a second connecting piece, an elastic sealing piece and a high-frequency loading device (11);
the assembly type mechanism is arranged at the inner bottom of the prefabricated water tank (12), the first concrete plate test piece (9) is installed on the assembly type mechanism through a first connecting piece, the second concrete plate test piece (10) is installed on the assembly type mechanism through a second connecting piece, the first concrete plate test piece (9) and the second concrete plate test piece (10) are mutually parallel and are correspondingly arranged, a gap between the first concrete plate test piece (9) and the second concrete plate test piece (10) forms an interlayer gap, and the interlayer gap comprises a front side opening, a rear side opening, a left side opening and a right side opening;
the high-frequency loading device (11) is arranged at the top of the assembly type mechanism, and the rear side opening, the left side opening and the right side opening are all blocked by the elastic sealing piece;
adjusting the first and/or second connectors can change the height of the interlayer gap;
the first connecting piece comprises a first embedded bolt (111) and a first nut (112) which are matched, and the head of the first embedded bolt (111) is embedded in the first concrete slab test piece (9);
the second connecting piece comprises a second embedded bolt (151) and a second nut (152) which are matched, and the head of the second embedded bolt (151) is embedded in the second concrete slab test piece (10);
the assembly type mechanism comprises an upper mounting plate (3), a lower mounting plate (4) and a supporting mechanism, wherein the upper mounting plate (3) is parallel to the lower mounting plate (4), the upper mounting plate (3) is arranged right above the lower mounting plate (4), and the supporting mechanism is arranged between the upper mounting plate (3) and the lower mounting plate (4);
the first concrete plate test piece (9) is installed at the bottom of the upper mounting plate (3) through the first embedded bolt (111) and the first nut (112) which are matched with each other, and the second concrete plate test piece (10) is installed at the top of the lower mounting plate (4) through the second embedded bolt (151) and the second nut (152) which are matched with each other.
2. The device for testing the erosion and abrasion of the gap between concrete layers of the ballastless track according to claim 1, wherein the top of the upper mounting plate (3) is further provided with a mounting plate (2), and the high-frequency loading device (11) is arranged on the mounting plate (2).
3. The device for testing the erosion and abrasion of the gap between concrete layers of ballastless track according to claim 2, wherein the supporting mechanism comprises a supporting piece (6), the upper mounting plate (3) is fixedly connected with the lower mounting plate (4) through the supporting piece (6), and the supporting piece (6) is arranged on one side close to the rear side opening.
4. A device for testing gap erosion wear between concrete layers of ballastless track according to claim 3, characterized in that the supporting mechanism further comprises a reinforcing rib (5), one end of the reinforcing rib (5) is connected with the lower mounting plate (4), and the other end of the reinforcing rib (5) is connected with the upper portion of the upper mounting plate (3) or the supporting piece (6).
5. The device for testing the erosion wear of the gap between concrete layers of ballastless track according to claim 1, further comprising a third connecting piece, wherein the lower mounting plate (4) is connected with the prefabricated water tank (12) through the third connecting piece.
6. The device for testing the erosion wear of the gap between concrete layers of the ballastless track according to claim 5, wherein the third connecting piece comprises a third embedded bolt (141) and a third nut (142) which are matched, and the head of the third embedded bolt (141) is embedded in the bottom of the prefabricated water tank (12).
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