CN114877920A - Human eye safety type laser sensor method - Google Patents
Human eye safety type laser sensor method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114877920A CN114877920A CN202210613866.4A CN202210613866A CN114877920A CN 114877920 A CN114877920 A CN 114877920A CN 202210613866 A CN202210613866 A CN 202210613866A CN 114877920 A CN114877920 A CN 114877920A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000020564 Eye injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001747 pupil Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D11/00—Component parts of measuring arrangements not specially adapted for a specific variable
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
Abstract
The invention provides a human eye safety type laser sensor method. The sensor adopts a self-adaptive laser control technology, and automatically changes a laser emitting mode according to the existence or nonexistence of a detected target. When the measured target is stably within the measuring range of the sensor, the sensor works in a continuous high-intensity laser output mode, and meanwhile, the measuring precision and the response speed are guaranteed; when the measured target does not appear in the measuring range of the sensor, the sensor works in an intermittent low-intensity laser output mode, and the fact that the human face cannot be damaged even if the laser irradiates the human face for a short time is guaranteed. The method can thoroughly solve the problem of damage of the laser sensor to human eyes, can keep the measurement precision and the response speed of the laser sensor, and has low implementation cost, wide practicability and universality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a laser sensor method. In particular to a method for a human eye safety type laser sensor which can overcome the harm of laser to human eyes.
Background
The laser sensor is a general sensor using laser, and includes a laser displacement sensor based on a laser triangulation distance measurement principle, a laser profile sensor based on structured light, a laser distance measurement sensor based on a phase difference or ToF principle, various laser switches, and the like. Therefore, the laser sensor is a large class of sensor and has wide application in various fields of national economy.
For various laser sensors, most of the laser sensors emit laser light immediately after being powered on. In order to ensure the measurement accuracy, the emitted laser is usually required to have a sufficiently high power (typically, II level or even higher power) in order to obtain a sufficiently good echo signal quality. On the other hand, in order to ensure a fast response of the measurement, the emitted laser light is usually in a normally bright mode, and the laser beam is continuously emitted. Such high intensity and continuous output lasers often cause injury to the human body, especially permanent damage to the eye that is difficult to completely heal. Such injuries often occur during sensor installation, commissioning, testing, etc. In the process, the planned measured target is often not in place or even not present, and the laser beam may randomly irradiate the face of the person performing installation and debugging or other surrounding persons, or irradiate other strong reflecting targets (such as glass, mirrors and the like) and irradiate the face of the surrounding persons after reflection, thereby causing damage to human eyes.
The laser protective glasses are worn by the eyes of an operator, so that the damage of laser to the eyes of the operator can be effectively prevented. However, at this time, the human eye is not visible to the laser light of this wavelength, and the on-line charging and debugging cannot be performed. Therefore, wearing the laser goggles is only suitable for protecting the laser sensor in a non-working state, and cannot be used for protecting the laser sensor in a working state.
In order to reduce the occurrence of eye injury, a mechanical shielding mechanism is arranged at the position of a laser emitting hole of part of the laser sensor, or a laser switch is arranged on the surface of the sensor. During commissioning, the laser can be turned on or off manually. This method can reduce the occurrence of laser damage to some extent, but there are often times of untimely operation or misoperation, so that the occurrence of laser damage cannot be completely avoided. Moreover, hard turning off the laser also seriously affects the installation and debugging process of the laser sensor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for a human eye safety type laser sensor, aiming at the serious defect that the existing laser sensor generally has laser damage to human eyes. The sensor adopts a self-adaptive laser control technology, and automatically changes a laser emitting mode according to the existence or nonexistence of a detected target. When the measured target is stably within the measuring range of the sensor, the sensor works in a continuous high-intensity laser output mode, and meanwhile, the measuring precision and the response speed are guaranteed; when the measured target does not appear in the measuring range of the sensor, the sensor works in an intermittent low-intensity laser output mode, and the fact that the human face cannot be damaged even if the laser irradiates the human face for a short time is guaranteed. The method can thoroughly solve the problem of damage of the laser sensor to human eyes, can keep the measurement precision and the response speed of the laser sensor, and has low implementation cost, wide practicability and universality.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the method for the eye-safe laser sensor is characterized in that the laser sensor comprises a laser, a photoelectric element and a controller, wherein:
the laser is a semiconductor laser or a laser module which can be rapidly modulated, can generate a laser beam for measurement under the control of the controller, projects the laser beam to a target to be measured, and can also close the laser under the control of the controller;
the photoelectric element is a quick response photoelectric conversion element meeting the measurement requirement, can receive reflected or scattered light generated after laser irradiates a measured target to be avoided, and quickly converts the reflected or scattered light into an electric signal to be sent to the controller;
the controller is a multifunctional controller, on one hand, the controller can control the laser to emit laser or close the laser according to requirements; on the other hand, the method receives the electric signal from the photoelectric element and judges whether the measured target stably appears in the measuring range; when the measured target is stably within the measuring range of the sensor, the sensor works in a continuous high-intensity laser output mode, and meanwhile, the measuring precision and the response speed are guaranteed; when the measured target does not appear in the measuring range of the sensor, the sensor works in an intermittent low-intensity laser output mode, and the fact that the human face cannot be damaged even if the laser irradiates the human face for a short time is guaranteed.
The method for the eye-safe laser sensor is characterized in that the controller can judge whether the measured target is in the measuring range of the sensor by utilizing the existence or nonexistence of the output signal of the photoelectric element.
The method for the eye-safe laser sensor is further characterized in that the controller can judge whether the measured object is stable within the measuring range of the sensor by using the continuous stable time of the output signal of the photoelectric element, wherein the continuous stable time is greater than 1/4s specified by II-level laser.
The human eye safety type laser sensor method is characterized in that when the controller judges that the measured target does not appear in the measuring range of the sensor, the sensor works in an intermittent low-intensity laser output mode, and the continuous irradiation time when the laser is turned on is ensured not to exceed the damage threshold of human eyes, namely the maximum allowable irradiation dose (MPE) of the eyes.
The method for the eye-safe laser sensor is further characterized in that when the controller judges that the measured target does not appear in the measuring range of the sensor, the sensor works in an intermittent low-intensity laser output mode, and the response speed that the frequency of repeated opening of the laser meets the requirement is guaranteed.
The method for the eye-safe laser sensor is characterized in that when the controller judges that the measured target does not appear in the measuring range of the sensor, the sensor works in an intermittent low-intensity laser output mode, and when the time interval of the repeated opening of the laser is shorter than the opening time interval of the laser, the opening time interval of the laser is half of the repeated opening time interval of the laser.
The inventive eye-safe laser sensor method is further characterized in that the modulation frequency of the laser is sufficiently high to ensure that the modulation period is less than half of the duration of the laser on time when the measured object is not present within the sensor measurement range.
The inventive eye-safe laser sensor method is also characterized in that the response frequency of the photoelectric element is high enough to ensure that the photoelectric conversion time is less than the laser on duration time when the measured object is not present in the sensor measuring range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the components of an eye-safe laser sensor of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the laser duration control principle of the present invention;
in the figure, 1-laser, 2-photoelectric element, 3-controller, 4-object to be measured, and 5-human eye.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are provided for implementing the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation procedures are provided, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
The method for the eye-safe laser sensor is characterized in that the laser sensor comprises a laser 1, a photoelectric element 2 and a controller 3, and the components are shown in figure 1, wherein:
the laser 1 is a semiconductor laser or a laser module which can be rapidly modulated, can generate a laser beam for measurement under the control of the controller 3, projects the laser beam to a target 4 to be measured, and can also close the laser under the control of the controller 3;
the photoelectric element 2 is a quick-response photoelectric conversion element meeting the measurement requirements, such as a CCD, a CMOS, a PSD, and the like; the photoelectric element 2 can receive reflected or scattered light generated after laser irradiates a measured target, and quickly converts the reflected or scattered light into an electric signal to be sent to the controller 3;
the controller 3 is a multifunctional controller, on one hand, the laser 1 can be controlled to emit laser or close the laser according to requirements; on the other hand, the electric signal from the photoelectric element 2 is received, and whether the measured target 4 stably appears in the measuring range is judged; when the measured target 4 stably appears in the measuring range of the sensor, the sensor works in a continuous high-intensity laser output mode, and meanwhile, the measuring precision and the response speed are guaranteed; when the measured target 4 does not appear in the measuring range of the sensor, the sensor works in an intermittent low-intensity laser output mode, and the fact that the human face 5 is not damaged even if the laser irradiates the human face for a short time is guaranteed.
The method for the eye-safe laser sensor is further characterized in that the controller 3 can judge whether the detected target 4 is in the measuring range of the sensor by using the existence or nonexistence of the electric signals output by the photoelectric element 2.
The method for the eye-safe laser sensor is further characterized in that the controller 3 can judge whether the measured object 4 is stable in the measuring range of the sensor by using the continuous stable time of the electric signal output by the photoelectric element 2, wherein the continuous stable time is greater than 1/4s specified by II-level laser.
The human eye safety type laser sensor method is further characterized in that when the controller 3 judges that the measured target 4 does not appear in the measuring range of the sensor, the sensor works in an intermittent low-intensity laser output mode, and the continuous irradiation time when the laser is turned on is ensured not to exceed the damage threshold of human eyes, namely the maximum permissible irradiation dose (MPE) of the eyes is ensured not to exceed; for example, assume that the maximum allowable dose to the eye is 2mJ/cm 2 Maximum pupil area of 0.7 cm 2 For a laser 1 with a wavelength of 650nm and a power of 10mW, the duration Ton of the laser 1 should not exceed 2 × 0.7/10=0.14s, preferably Ton =0.1s, as shown in fig. 2.
The human eye safety type laser sensor method is also characterized in that when the controller 3 judges that the measured target 4 does not appear in the measuring range of the sensor, the sensor works in an intermittent low-intensity laser output mode, and the response speed that the frequency of the laser 1 which is repeatedly opened meets the requirement is ensured; it is assumed that if a sensor response time of 50ms is required, the time interval Trpt during which the laser 1 is repeatedly turned on should not exceed 50ms, with a corresponding repetition frequency not lower than 20 Hz.
The method for the eye-safe laser sensor is further characterized in that when the controller 3 judges that the measured target does not appear in the measuring range of the sensor, the sensor works in an intermittent low-intensity laser output mode, and when the repeated opening time interval of the laser 1 is smaller than the opening time interval of the laser 1, the opening time interval of the laser is half of the repeated opening time interval of the laser; for example, the on-duration of the laser 1 should be taken to be Ton =25ms when the frequency at which the laser 1 is repeatedly turned on is 20 Hz.
The method of the invention is also characterized in that the modulation frequency of the laser 1 is high enough to ensure that the modulation period is shorter than the laser opening duration when the measured target 4 does not appear in the sensor measuring range; for example, for the above-mentioned on-duration Ton =25ms of the laser 1, the modulation frequency of the laser 1 should not be lower than 40 Hz.
The method of the invention is also characterized in that the response frequency of the photoelectric element 2 is high enough to ensure that the photoelectric conversion time is less than the laser on duration time when the measured target 4 does not appear in the measuring range of the sensor; for example, for the above-described on-duration Ton =25ms of the laser 1, it should be ensured that the photoelectric conversion time of the photocell 2 should not exceed 12.5 ms.
Compared with the prior art, the human eye safety type laser sensor method has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the human eye safety type laser sensor adopts the self-adaptive laser control technology, and when a measured target does not appear in the measuring range of the sensor, the sensor works in an intermittent low-intensity laser output mode, so that the phenomenon that the human eyes are damaged by laser is thoroughly overcome.
(2) The human eye safety type laser sensor adopts the self-adaptive laser control technology, when a measured target stably appears in the measuring range of the sensor, the sensor works in a continuous high-intensity laser output mode, and meanwhile, the measuring precision and the response speed are guaranteed.
(3) The method can thoroughly solve the problem of damage of the laser sensor to human eyes, can keep the measurement precision and the response speed of the laser sensor, and has low implementation cost, wide practicability and universality.
(4) The method adopts an intermittent illumination mode to work when no measured target appears, the service time of the laser diode is greatly shortened, and the service life and the reliability of the laser sensor can be doubled.
Therefore, compared with the traditional laser sensor, the technical scheme of the invention has outstanding technical advantages and progress.
Claims (8)
1. A human eye safety type laser sensor method is characterized in that: the laser sensor comprises a laser, a photoelectric element and a controller, wherein:
the laser is a semiconductor laser or a laser module which can be rapidly modulated, can generate a laser beam for measurement under the control of the controller and project the laser beam to a target to be measured, and can also close the laser under the control of the controller;
the photoelectric element is a quick response photoelectric conversion element, can receive reflected or scattered light generated after laser irradiates a measured target to be avoided, and quickly converts the reflected or scattered light into an electric signal to be sent to the controller;
the controller is a multifunctional controller, on one hand, the controller can control the laser to emit laser or close the laser according to requirements; on the other hand, the method receives the electric signal from the photoelectric element and judges whether the measured target stably appears in the measuring range; when the measured target is stably within the measuring range of the sensor, the sensor works in a continuous high-intensity laser output mode, and meanwhile, the measuring precision and the response speed are guaranteed; when the measured target does not appear in the measuring range of the sensor, the sensor works in an intermittent low-intensity laser output mode, and the fact that the laser irradiates the face for a short time is guaranteed not to be damaged.
2. The eye-safe laser sensor method of claim 1, further characterized by: the controller can judge whether the measured object is in the measuring range of the sensor by using the existence and nonexistence of the output signals of the photoelectric elements.
3. The eye-safe laser sensor method of claim 1, further characterized by: the controller can use the continuous stable time of the output signal of the photoelectric element to judge whether the measured object is stable in the measuring range of the sensor, and the continuous stable time should exceed 1/4s specified by the II-level laser.
4. The eye-safe laser sensor method of claim 1, further characterized by: when the controller judges that the measured target does not appear in the measuring range of the sensor, the sensor works in an intermittent low-intensity laser output mode, and the continuous irradiation time when the laser is turned on is ensured not to exceed the damage threshold of human eyes, namely, the maximum permissible irradiation dose (MPE) of the eyes is ensured not to exceed.
5. The eye-safe laser sensor method of claim 1, further characterized by: when the controller judges that the measured target does not appear in the measuring range of the sensor, the sensor works in an intermittent low-intensity laser output mode, and the frequency of repeated opening of the laser is guaranteed to meet the required response speed.
6. The eye-safe laser sensor method of claim 1, further characterized by: when the controller judges that the measured target does not appear in the measuring range of the sensor, the sensor works in an intermittent low-intensity laser output mode, and when the time interval of repeated opening of the laser is smaller than the opening time interval of the laser, the opening time interval of the laser is half of the repeated opening time interval of the laser.
7. The eye-safe laser sensor method of claim 1, further characterized by: the modulation frequency of the laser is high enough to ensure that the modulation period is less than half the duration of the laser on when the target under test is not present within the sensor measurement range.
8. The eye-safe laser sensor method of claim 1, further characterized by: the response frequency of the photocell is high enough to ensure that the photoelectric conversion time is less than the duration of the laser turn-on when the object under test is not present within the sensor measurement range.
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| CN202210613866.4A CN114877920A (en) | 2022-06-01 | 2022-06-01 | Human eye safety type laser sensor method |
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