CN114876755A - Spiral reciprocating single-action plunger pump - Google Patents

Spiral reciprocating single-action plunger pump Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114876755A
CN114876755A CN202210529538.6A CN202210529538A CN114876755A CN 114876755 A CN114876755 A CN 114876755A CN 202210529538 A CN202210529538 A CN 202210529538A CN 114876755 A CN114876755 A CN 114876755A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
plunger
pump body
cavity
oil
pump
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Granted
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CN202210529538.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN114876755B (en
Inventor
贾文昂
袁晨威
陈泽吉
陈宏昌
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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Priority to CN202210529538.6A priority Critical patent/CN114876755B/en
Publication of CN114876755A publication Critical patent/CN114876755A/en
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Publication of CN114876755B publication Critical patent/CN114876755B/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B9/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
    • F04B9/02—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being mechanical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B1/122—Details or component parts, e.g. valves, sealings or lubrication means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B1/122—Details or component parts, e.g. valves, sealings or lubrication means
    • F04B1/124—Pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B1/128—Driving means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/10—Valves; Arrangement of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/14—Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/16—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder liners or heads; Fluid connections
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

The spiral reciprocating single-action plunger pump comprises a pump body, wherein an end cover is arranged at the left end of the pump body, a cavity is formed between the end cover and the pump body, a main shaft capable of rotating around the axial lead of the pump body and a plunger group capable of axially reciprocating along the pump body are arranged in the cavity, and an oil inlet and an oil outlet are formed in the right side wall surface of the pump body; the cavity comprises a transmission cavity and a plurality of plunger cavities which are communicated with each other, the transmission cavity is positioned at the left part of the pump body, the plunger cavities are positioned at the right part of the pump body, and the plunger cavities are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the pump body; the right end face of each plunger cavity is provided with an oil suction channel and an oil discharge channel; a main shaft is arranged in the transmission cavity, and a reciprocating thread groove is formed in a shaft section on the main shaft and positioned in the transmission cavity; the plunger group comprises a claw-shaped frame and a plurality of corresponding plungers arranged in the plunger cavity, the plungers are arranged in the plunger cavity, and the plungers can do linear reciprocating motion along the axial direction of the pump body. The invention can obtain high pressure discharge, has flow rate irrelevant to pressure, good suction performance and higher efficiency.

Description

Spiral reciprocating single-action plunger pump
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic pumps, in particular to a spiral reciprocating type single-action plunger pump.
Background
The hydraulic pump is a power element of a hydraulic system, and is an element which is driven by an engine or an electric motor, sucks oil from a hydraulic oil tank, forms pressure oil, discharges the pressure oil and sends the pressure oil to an execution element. The hydraulic pump is divided into a gear pump, a plunger pump, a vane pump and a screw pump according to the structure, and the advantages and the disadvantages of the hydraulic pump are as follows:
gear pump: the volume is small, the structure is simple, the requirement on the cleanliness of oil is not strict, and the price is low; however, the pump shaft is subjected to unbalanced force, the abrasion is serious, and the leakage is large.
A vane pump: the method is divided into a double-acting vane pump and a single-acting vane pump. The pump has uniform flow, stable operation, low noise, higher pressure and volume efficiency than the gear pump and more complex structure than the gear pump.
A plunger pump: the hydraulic system has high volumetric efficiency and small leakage, can work under high pressure, and is mostly used for high-power hydraulic systems; but the structure is complex, the requirements on material and processing precision are high, the price is high, and the requirement on the cleanliness of oil is high.
Screw pump: the rotating speed is low and is generally 20 r/min-90 r/min, the mechanical abrasion is small, and the cavitation can not occur; the flow channel is wide, and can convey oil containing solids; the pump body structure is half-open, so that the operation condition in the pump can be observed; but the size is large, and the occupied area is also large; the pump shaft can not be too long due to the limitation of mechanical processing conditions, so that the lift is low and generally does not exceed 10 m.
The plunger pump is a hydraulic system, and realizes oil absorption and oil pressing by changing the volume of a sealed working cavity by means of reciprocating motion of a plunger in a pump body. Traditional plunger pumps can be divided into three main categories according to the arrangement form of a plurality of plungers: axial plunger pumps, radial plunger pumps and reciprocating plunger pumps all achieve the purpose of conveying media by means of periodic changes of the volume in a working cavity. The mechanical energy of the prime mover is directly converted into the pressure energy of the conveying medium after passing through the pump. The flow rate of the pump depends only on the value of the change in the volume of the working chamber and the frequency of its number of changes per unit of time, and is theoretically independent of the pressure being discharged. Compared with other hydraulic pumps, the plunger pump is easier to realize high pressure and large flow on the basis of keeping higher volumetric efficiency, and is widely applied to high-pressure heavy-load occasions such as aerospace, engineering machinery and the like.
However, the reciprocating plunger pump has unstable flow, the flow is smaller than that of an axial plunger pump with the same volume, and meanwhile, because the traditional plunger pump has more internal moving parts and a more complex structure, the rotary inertia is large during high-speed movement, and because the sliding friction pair in the pump body structure is more, the abrasion and the heating of parts are also aggravated, so that the service life and the durability are directly influenced. Due to the defects, the plunger pump is limited to be widely applied.
Disclosure of Invention
To overcome the above problems, the present invention provides a screw reciprocating single-acting plunger pump.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the spiral reciprocating single-action plunger pump comprises a pump body, wherein an end cover is arranged at the left end of the pump body, a cavity is formed between the end cover and the pump body, a main shaft capable of rotating around the axial lead of the pump body and a plunger group capable of axially reciprocating along the pump body are arranged in the cavity, and an oil inlet and an oil outlet are formed in the right side wall surface of the pump body;
the cavity comprises a transmission cavity and a plurality of plunger cavities which are communicated with each other, wherein the transmission cavity is positioned at the left part of the pump body, the plunger cavities are positioned at the right part of the pump body, and the plunger cavities are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the pump body; the right end face of each plunger cavity is provided with an oil suction duct and an oil discharge duct, the oil suction ducts are respectively communicated with an annular oil suction duct arranged in the pump body, the annular oil suction duct is communicated with an oil inlet, an oil inlet one-way valve is arranged in the oil inlet, and the oil inlet one-way valve only allows oil to enter the plunger cavity from the outside of the pump body; the oil discharge channels are respectively communicated with an annular oil discharge channel arranged in the pump body, the annular oil discharge channel is communicated with an oil discharge port, an oil discharge one-way valve is arranged in the oil discharge port, and the oil discharge one-way valve only allows oil to flow out of the pump body from the plunger cavity;
a main shaft extending to the left side of the end cover along the axial lead direction of the pump body is arranged in the transmission cavity, the left end of the main shaft is installed on the end cover in a penetrating mode through a first bearing, and the right end of the main shaft is installed on the inner wall of the right side of the transmission cavity through a second bearing; a reciprocating thread groove is arranged on the main shaft and on the shaft section in the transmission cavity, the reciprocating thread groove comprises two spiral grooves with opposite rotation directions, the thread pitches and the lead of the two spiral grooves are the same, and the two threads are butted end to end at the two ends of the screw rod to form a closed reciprocating spiral groove; a plunger group is sleeved on the shaft section of the main shaft and positioned in the transmission cavity;
the plunger group comprises a claw-shaped frame and a plurality of plungers correspondingly arranged in plunger cavities, a through hole for sleeving the main shaft is formed in the center of the claw-shaped frame, and a sliding block matched with the reciprocating spiral groove is arranged in the through hole; a plurality of claw feet extending rightwards along the axial direction of the pump body are arranged on the outer side of the claw-shaped frame, and the right end of each claw foot is correspondingly connected with a plunger piston; the plunger is arranged in the plunger cavity and can do linear reciprocating motion along the axial direction of the pump body, and the right end surface of the plunger and the plunger cavity enclose a closed cavity; the volume of the chamber changes along with the reciprocating motion of the plunger, and when the plunger moves from the leftmost end to the rightmost end, the volume of the chamber gradually becomes smaller; conversely, as the plunger moves from the rightmost end to the leftmost end, the chamber volume gradually increases; when the main shaft rotates around the axial lead of the pump body, the slide block is driven to do linear reciprocating motion along the axial direction of the pump body, so that the plunger is driven to do linear reciprocating motion along the axial direction of the pump body; the chamber with gradually increased volume absorbs oil, and the chamber with gradually decreased volume discharges oil.
Furthermore, the number of the plunger cavities and the number of the plungers are odd so as to reduce the pulsation of the output high-pressure oil.
Furthermore, the left end face of the pump body is provided with four pump body threaded holes which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the end cover is provided with four end cover threaded holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the pump body threaded holes, the end cover threaded holes and the pump body threaded holes are internally provided with screws, and the screws fixedly connect the pump body and the end cover together.
The basic principle of the invention is as follows: the reciprocating screw rod is designed by adopting a special thread groove and is provided with two left-handed and right-handed spiral grooves, the thread pitches and the lead lengths of the two spiral grooves are the same, and the two threads are butted end to end at the two ends of the screw rod to form a closed spiral groove. The stroke and the size of the sliding block are matched with the spiral groove, and two ends of the spiral screw rod are rigidly connected with the end cover and the pump body through bearings. When the spiral screw rod is driven by the motor to rotate continuously, the sliding block moves from one end of the spiral groove to the other end along the groove and moves back through the spiral groove with the closed end, and continuous reciprocating motion of the sliding block is achieved without changing the rotation direction of the screw rod. A reciprocating thread groove with the length matched with the stroke of the plunger is machined at a proper position of a main shaft of the spiral reciprocating plunger pump. The sliding block is rigidly connected with the plunger piston group, and the plunger piston cavity are in a matching relationship, so that a closed containing cavity can be formed. The spindle is connected with the output shaft of the motor through a coupler, and the spindle is driven to continuously rotate through the motor. The slide block is driven by the main shaft to reciprocate from one end to the other end along the reciprocating thread groove and drives the rigidly connected plunger group to reciprocate together, thereby realizing the change of the volume of the pump cavity. When the volume of the pump cavity is increased, the pressure in the cavity is reduced, and hydraulic oil enters the pump cavity from the oil cylinder through the oil inlet one-way valve under the action of atmospheric pressure to absorb oil; when the volume of the pump cavity is reduced, the pressure in the cavity is increased, and the hydraulic oil is discharged out of the pump cavity through the oil discharge one-way valve. The slide block reciprocates once in the reciprocating thread groove to finish once oil suction and discharge.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. high pressure discharge can be obtained, the flow rate is irrelevant to the pressure, the suction performance is good, and the efficiency is high;
2. any medium can be transported in principle, with little restriction by the physical or chemical properties of the medium;
3. friction pairs at the positions of a sliding shoe, a swash plate and the like of the traditional axial plunger pump are reduced, and the service life and the durability of the pump are improved;
4. the reversing of the reciprocating screw rod (reciprocating thread groove) is reliable, the service cycle is long, and the manufacturing cost is low;
5. simple structure and low cost. Compared with other reciprocating plunger pumps, the reciprocating plunger pump has the advantages of small number of parts, easiness in processing and assembling, low manufacturing cost and contribution to industrial practical application and large-scale batch production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an assembly schematic of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the spindle of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the pump body of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the oil discharge passage in the pump body according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the plunger assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of the left end cap of the present invention;
description of reference numerals: the oil pump comprises a main shaft 1, an end cover 2, a screw 3, a pump body 4, a plunger group 5, a bearing 6, an oil discharge one-way valve 7, an oil inlet one-way valve 8, a reciprocating thread groove 9, a pump body threaded hole 10, a pump body bearing hole 11, a plunger cavity 12, an oil discharge oil channel 13, an annular oil discharge channel 14, an oil discharge port 15, a sliding block 16, an end cover threaded hole 17 and an end cover bearing hole 18.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments, but not all embodiments, of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated as the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., appear based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but not for indicating or implying that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" as appearing herein are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being fixed or detachable or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to the attached drawings, the spiral reciprocating type single-action plunger pump comprises a pump body 4, wherein an end cover 2 is arranged at the left end of the pump body 4, four pump body threaded holes 10 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction and are formed in the left end face of the pump body 4, four end cover threaded holes 17 corresponding to the pump body threaded holes 10 in a one-to-one mode are formed in the end cover 2, screws 3 are arranged in the end cover threaded holes 17 and the pump body threaded holes 10, and the pump body 4 and the end cover 2 are fixedly connected together through the screws 3.
A cavity is formed between the end cover 2 and the pump body 4, a main shaft 1 capable of rotating around the axial lead of the pump body 4 and a plunger group 5 capable of axially reciprocating along the pump body 4 are arranged in the cavity, and an oil inlet and an oil outlet 15 are formed in the right side wall surface of the pump body 4;
the cavity comprises a transmission cavity and a plurality of plunger cavities 12 which are communicated with each other, wherein the transmission cavity is positioned at the left part of the pump body 4, the plunger cavities 12 are positioned at the right part of the pump body 4, and the plunger cavities 12 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the pump body 4; the right end face of each plunger cavity is provided with an oil suction duct and an oil discharge duct, the oil suction ducts are respectively communicated with an annular oil suction duct arranged in the pump body 4, the annular oil suction duct is communicated with an oil inlet, an oil inlet one-way valve is arranged in the oil inlet, and the oil inlet one-way valve only allows oil to enter the plunger cavity from the outside of the pump body 4; the plurality of oil discharge channels are respectively communicated with an annular oil discharge channel arranged in the pump body 4, the annular oil discharge channel is communicated with an oil discharge port 15, an oil discharge one-way valve is arranged in the oil discharge port 15, and the oil discharge one-way valve only allows oil to flow out of the pump body 4 from the plunger cavity;
a main shaft 1 extending to the left side of the end cover 2 along the axial lead direction of the pump body 4 is arranged in the transmission cavity, the left end of the main shaft 1 is penetratingly arranged on the end cover 2 through a first bearing, and the right end of the main shaft 1 is arranged on the inner wall of the right side of the transmission cavity through a second bearing; the first bearing is arranged in an end cover bearing hole 18 on the right side of the end cover 2, and the second bearing is arranged in a pump body bearing hole 11 on the right side wall surface of the transmission cavity; a reciprocating thread groove 9 is arranged on the main shaft 1 and on the shaft section in the transmission cavity, the reciprocating thread groove 9 comprises two spiral grooves with opposite rotation directions, the thread pitches and lead of the two spiral grooves are the same, and the two threads are butted end to end at the two ends of the screw rod to form a closed reciprocating spiral groove 9; a plunger group 5 is sleeved on a shaft section on the main shaft 1 and positioned in the transmission cavity;
the plunger group 5 comprises a claw-shaped frame and a plurality of plungers correspondingly arranged in plunger cavities, a through hole for being sleeved on the main shaft 1 is formed in the center of the claw-shaped frame, the size of the through hole is matched with the diameter of a shaft section of the main shaft 1 with a reciprocating thread groove 9, and a sliding block 16 matched with the reciprocating thread groove 9 is rigidly connected in the through hole; a plurality of claw feet extending rightwards along the axial direction of the pump body 4 are arranged on the outer side of the claw-shaped frame, and the right end of each claw foot is correspondingly connected with a plunger piston; the plunger is arranged in the plunger cavity 12 and can do linear reciprocating motion along the axial direction of the pump body 4, and the right end surface of the plunger and the plunger cavity 12 enclose a closed cavity; the volume of the chamber changes along with the reciprocating motion of the plunger, and when the plunger moves from the leftmost end to the rightmost end, the volume of the chamber gradually becomes smaller; conversely, as the plunger moves from the rightmost end to the leftmost end, the chamber volume gradually increases; when the main shaft 1 rotates around the axial lead of the pump body 4, the slide block 16 is driven to do linear reciprocating motion along the axial direction of the pump body 4, so that the plunger is driven to do linear reciprocating motion along the axial direction of the pump body 4; the chamber with gradually increased volume absorbs oil, and the chamber with gradually decreased volume discharges oil.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the number of the plunger cavities and the plungers in the plunger group is selected to be odd, such as 7, 9, 11, etc., so that the pulsation of the output high pressure oil can be reduced.
The displacement of the plunger pump can be increased or decreased by increasing or decreasing the number of the plunger cavities and the plungers of the plunger group so as to change the volume of the pump cavity. Changing the size of the plunger can also change the displacement of the plunger pump.
The stroke of the sliding block along the axial direction of the main shaft can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the reciprocating thread groove on the main shaft, and the stroke of the plunger group rigidly connected with the sliding block is changed accordingly. Therefore, the output oil displacement can be adjusted.
When the length of the thread groove is unchanged, namely the stroke of the plunger group is unchanged, the movement speed of the sliding block in the thread groove, namely the reciprocating movement speed of the plunger group, can be changed by changing the thread pitch of the reciprocating thread groove in a proper range under the condition that the rotating speed of the main shaft is unchanged, so that the action speed and the output flow of the reciprocating plunger pump are changed.
In other embodiments of the invention, two sets of plunger groups are installed by processing two sections of reciprocating threads on the main shaft and are matched with two sets of pump cavities, so that the plunger pump can be changed into a double-acting pump.
The working principle of the spiral reciprocating single-action plunger pump is as follows:
when the spindle 1 is driven by a motor or a motor to rotate continuously, the sliding block 16 fixedly connected to the plunger set 5 reciprocates along the reciprocating thread groove 9 under the action of friction force, so that each plunger is driven to reciprocate in the plunger cavity 12 to form volume change. When the plunger moves towards the outside of the plunger cavity 12, the volume of the pump cavity is increased, the pressure in the cavity is reduced, and under the action of atmospheric pressure, oil enters the plunger cavity 12 from the oil cylinder through the oil suction oil duct and the oil suction one-way valve 8; when the plunger moves towards the plunger cavity 12, the volume of the pump cavity is reduced, the pressure in the cavity is increased, and oil flows out of the plunger cavity 12 through the oil discharge passage 13 and the oil discharge one-way valve 7. The sliding block 16 reciprocates once in the reciprocating thread groove 9 to finish oil suction and discharge once.
The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of implementations of the inventive concept and the scope of the present invention should not be considered limited to the specific forms set forth in the embodiments but rather by the equivalents thereof as may occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the present inventive concept.

Claims (3)

1. Reciprocating type single-action plunger pump of spiral, its characterized in that: the oil pump comprises a pump body (4), wherein an end cover (2) is arranged at the left end of the pump body (4), a cavity is formed between the end cover (2) and the pump body (4), a main shaft (1) capable of rotating around the axial lead of the pump body (4) and a plunger group (5) capable of axially reciprocating along the pump body (4) are arranged in the cavity, and an oil inlet and an oil outlet (15) are formed in the right side wall surface of the pump body (4);
the cavity comprises a transmission cavity and a plurality of plunger cavities which are mutually communicated, wherein the transmission cavity is positioned at the left part of the pump body (4), the plunger cavities are positioned at the right part of the pump body (4), and the plunger cavities are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the pump body (4); the right end face of each plunger cavity is provided with an oil suction duct and an oil discharge duct, the oil suction ducts are respectively communicated with an annular oil suction duct arranged in the pump body (4), the annular oil suction duct is communicated with an oil inlet, an oil inlet one-way valve is arranged in the oil inlet, and the oil inlet one-way valve only allows oil to enter the plunger cavity from the outside of the pump body (4); the oil discharge channels are respectively communicated with an annular oil discharge channel arranged in the pump body (4), the annular oil discharge channel is communicated with an oil discharge port (15), an oil discharge one-way valve is arranged in the oil discharge port (15), and the oil discharge one-way valve only allows oil to flow out of the pump body (4) from the plunger cavity;
a main shaft (1) extending to the left side of the end cover (2) along the axial lead direction of the pump body (4) is arranged in the transmission cavity, the left end of the main shaft (1) is installed on the end cover (2) in a penetrating mode through a first bearing, and the right end of the main shaft (1) is installed on the inner wall of the right side of the transmission cavity through a second bearing; a reciprocating thread groove (9) is arranged on the main shaft (1) and on the shaft section in the transmission cavity, the reciprocating thread groove (9) comprises two spiral grooves with opposite rotation directions, the thread pitches and the lead lengths of the two spiral grooves are the same, and the two threads are butted end to end at the two ends of the screw rod to form a closed reciprocating spiral groove (9); a plunger group (5) is sleeved on a shaft section on the main shaft (1) and positioned in the transmission cavity;
the plunger group (5) comprises a claw-shaped frame and a plurality of plungers correspondingly arranged in plunger cavities, the center of the claw-shaped frame is provided with a through hole for sleeving the main shaft (1), and a sliding block (16) matched with the reciprocating spiral groove (9) is arranged in the through hole; a plurality of claw feet extending rightwards along the axial direction of the pump body (4) are arranged on the outer side of the claw-shaped frame, and the right end of each claw foot is correspondingly connected with a plunger piston; the plunger is arranged in the plunger cavity, the plunger can do linear reciprocating motion along the axial direction of the pump body (4), and the right end surface of the plunger and the plunger cavity enclose to form a closed cavity; the volume of the chamber changes along with the reciprocating motion of the plunger, and when the plunger moves from the leftmost end to the rightmost end, the volume of the chamber gradually becomes smaller; conversely, as the plunger moves from the rightmost end to the leftmost end, the chamber volume gradually increases; when the main shaft (1) rotates around the axial lead of the pump body (4), the sliding block (16) is driven to do linear reciprocating motion along the axial direction of the pump body (4), so that the plunger is driven to do linear reciprocating motion along the axial direction of the pump body (4); the chamber with gradually increased volume absorbs oil, and the chamber with gradually decreased volume discharges oil.
2. The spiral reciprocating single action plunger pump of claim 1, wherein: the number of the plunger cavities and the number of the plungers are odd so as to reduce the pulsation of the output high-pressure oil.
3. The spiral reciprocating single action plunger pump of claim 1, wherein: the left end face of the pump body (4) is provided with four pump body threaded holes (10) which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the end cover (2) is provided with four end cover threaded holes (17) which correspond to the pump body threaded holes (10) one by one, the end cover threaded holes (17) and the pump body threaded holes (10) are internally provided with screws (3), and the screws (3) fixedly connect the pump body (4) and the end cover (2) together.
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CN117703741A (en) * 2024-01-29 2024-03-15 中国航空工业集团公司金城南京机电液压工程研究中心 Plunger pump for aircraft

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US5195876A (en) * 1991-04-12 1993-03-23 Baker Hughes Incorporated Plunger pump
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CN204419559U (en) * 2014-12-29 2015-06-24 浙江理工大学 Electric linear reciprocating double-action quantitative plunger pump
CN111734597A (en) * 2020-07-17 2020-10-02 余福安 Reciprocating plunger pump
CN114198277A (en) * 2021-12-14 2022-03-18 浙江工业大学 Gear drive reciprocating piston pump
CN114198276A (en) * 2021-12-13 2022-03-18 浙江工业大学 Spiral reciprocating hydraulic piston pump

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5195876A (en) * 1991-04-12 1993-03-23 Baker Hughes Incorporated Plunger pump
CN104632610A (en) * 2014-12-29 2015-05-20 浙江理工大学 Electric linear reciprocation type double-acting quantification plunger pump
CN204419559U (en) * 2014-12-29 2015-06-24 浙江理工大学 Electric linear reciprocating double-action quantitative plunger pump
CN111734597A (en) * 2020-07-17 2020-10-02 余福安 Reciprocating plunger pump
CN114198276A (en) * 2021-12-13 2022-03-18 浙江工业大学 Spiral reciprocating hydraulic piston pump
CN114198277A (en) * 2021-12-14 2022-03-18 浙江工业大学 Gear drive reciprocating piston pump

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117703741A (en) * 2024-01-29 2024-03-15 中国航空工业集团公司金城南京机电液压工程研究中心 Plunger pump for aircraft
CN117703741B (en) * 2024-01-29 2024-06-11 中国航空工业集团公司金城南京机电液压工程研究中心 Plunger pump for aircraft

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