CN114876696B - Optimizing device and method for prolonging service life of top cover water intake pipe - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an optimization device and method for extending the service life of a top cover water intake pipe, and relates to the technical field of hydraulic turbine fluid distribution. The device includes a transition cylinder, a cover and a fluid deceleration mechanism. The transition cylinder has a water accumulation cavity and an equalizer. A first port and a second port connected to the water accumulation chamber. The first port is opposite to the second port. The first port is used to connect with the top cover, and the first port covers the water inlet of the top cover. The cross section of the water accumulation chamber is larger than The radial section of the top cover water intake pipe; the cover is fixed on the second port and used to connect with the top cover water intake pipe; the fluid deceleration mechanism is installed in the water accumulation chamber to guide the fluid to offset and reduce the local flow rate. This application distributes the fluid flowing out from the top cover water inlet, so that the impact force acting on the top cover water intake pipe is greatly reduced, thereby having the effect of extending the service life of the top cover water intake pipe.

Description

Optimizing device and method for extending the service life of the top cover water pipe

Technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of hydraulic turbine fluid distribution, and in particular to an optimization device and method for extending the service life of the top cover water intake pipe.

Background technique

As shown in Figure 1, there is a top cover water intake pipe 30 on the top cover 10 of the hydraulic turbine, which is used to draw water from the top cover water inlet 20, where the rectangular dotted line frame is the water intake area.

According to the actual operation verification and comparison test of the hydraulic turbine, during the long-term operation of the hydropower station in the sediment-rich basin, the flow-passing components of the hydraulic turbine, such as the inlet position of the top cover water intake pipe 30, due to the narrow diameter and sudden change in the direction of the fluid, compared with The wear and damage rate of other flow-passing components is faster, so this application proposes a new technical solution.

Contents of the invention

In order to extend the service life of the top cover water intake pipe, this application provides an optimization device and method for extending the service life of the top cover water intake pipe.

In the first aspect, this application provides an optimization device for extending the service life of the top cover water pipe, adopting the following technical solution:

An optimization device to extend the service life of the top cover water pipe, including:

The transition cylinder has a water accumulation chamber and a first port and a second port both connected to the water accumulation chamber. The first port is opposite to the second port, and the first port is used to connect with the top cover. , and the first port covers the water inlet of the top cover, and the cross section of the water accumulation cavity is larger than the radial cross section of the water inlet pipe of the top cover;

A cover, the cover is fixed to the second port, and the cover is used to connect with the top cover water pipe;

A fluid deceleration mechanism is installed in the water accumulation chamber. The fluid deceleration mechanism is used to guide the fluid to offset and reduce the local flow velocity.

Optionally, the first port is installed offset relative to the water inlet of the top cover.

Optionally, the fluid deceleration mechanism includes a diverter plate, the diverter plate is parallel to the cylinder axis of the transition cylinder, and the thickness of the diverter plate is smaller than the inner diameter of the top cover water pipe; There are flow guide protrusions formed on both sides, and the flow guide protrusions are close to the top cover water pipe. The diverter plate has a center plane parallel to its plate surface, and the flow guide protrusions are away from the center plane. The surface is a convex arc surface.

Optionally, a plurality of impact flow channels are opened in the manifold, and the impact flow channels include a first flow channel and a second flow channel that are connected, wherein the external port of the first flow channel is connected to the first flow channel. The ports are opposite, the first flow channel extends along the axis of the barrel, the second flow channel is arranged at an angle to the first flow channel, and the external port of the second flow channel is arranged away from the flow guide protrusion. The surface of the central plane; the caliber of the external port of the second flow channel is larger than the caliber of the external port of the first flow channel.

Optionally, along the set direction, the external ports of the second flow channels of any two adjacent impact flow channels are respectively located on both sides of the splitter plate, wherein the set direction is at the same time as the transition tube. The radial direction of the body is parallel to the central plane.

Optionally, the fluid deceleration mechanism also includes lateral wall plates respectively provided on both sides of the diverter plate. An outer wall of the lateral wall plate is attached to the inner wall of the transition cylinder. The lateral wall The other outer wall of the plate is attached to the inner wall of the cover; a flow guide slope is formed on the side of the lateral wall plate facing the diverter plate, and the flow guide slope is in the form of a concave arc surface.

Optionally, a plurality of connecting rods are plugged into one side of the lateral wall plate facing the diverter plate, and the other end of the connecting rod is plugged into the diverter plate or the flow guide protrusion; The diverter plate is suspended relative to the top cover.

Optionally, an alarm detection component is also included, the alarm detection component includes a plug and two conductive probes penetrated through the plug;

The cover, the lateral wall plate, and the connecting rod are provided with interconnected through holes, and the inner walls of the through holes are provided with an insulation layer;

The plug is inserted into the through hole of the cover, and the conductive probe passes through the cover and the lateral wall plate in sequence, and extends into the connecting rod.

Optionally, any one or more surfaces facing the fluid among the transition cylinder, the cover, and the fluid deceleration mechanism are wear-resistant surfaces.

In the second aspect, this application provides an optimization method to extend the service life of the top cover water pipe, using the following technical solution:

An optimization method for extending the service life of the top cover water intake pipe includes installing the above-mentioned optimization device for extending the service life of the top cover water intake pipe between the top cover water intake port and the top cover water intake pipe.

To sum up, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: a water accumulation cavity is formed between the inlet of the top cover water pipe and the top cover water outlet to reduce the fluid flow rate at a local location; at the same time, in the water accumulation cavity The splitter plate and the lateral wall plates cooperate with each other to divide the fluid entering the water accumulation cavity into two channels, so that the two fluids are separated first, and then pass through the flow guide bulges on the splitter plate and the flow guides on the lateral wall plates. The guides of the slopes are opposed to each other, and the flow rate is locally reduced in the area close to the entrance of the top cover water intake pipe, thereby effectively reducing the wear and tear on the top cover water intake pipe and extending its service life.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a partial structural cross-sectional view of a hydraulic turbine in the prior art;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the installation effect of this application;

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the present application after section A-A based on Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the impact flow channel of the present application.

Explanation of reference signs: 10-top cover; 20-top cover water inlet; 30-top cover water inlet; 40-optimization device; 1. transition cylinder; 11-water accumulation chamber; 2. cover; 3. diverter plate ; 31. Diversion protrusion; 32a, first flow channel; 32b, second flow channel; 33-center plane; 4. lateral wall plate; 5. connecting rod; 61. plug; 62. conductive probe.

Detailed ways

The present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with Figures 1-5.

The embodiment of the present application discloses an optimization device for extending the service life of the top cover water pipe.

Referring to Figure 2, the optimization device for extending the service life of the top cover water pipe includes a transition cylinder 1, a cover 2 and a fluid deceleration mechanism.

Among them, the transition cylinder 1 has a tubular structure and has a water accumulation chamber 11 and a first port and a second port both connected with the water accumulation chamber 11. The first port is opposite to the second port, and the first port is used to connect with the top cover 10 connection, and the first port covers the top cover water inlet 20, the cross section of the water accumulation cavity 11 is larger than the radial section of the top cover water inlet pipe 30; the second port is everted to form a flange-like structure. In this embodiment, the transition cylinder 1 is pressed into an oblate oval shape and bent in a small arc toward one side to better adapt to the installation position of the turbine top cover 10; as shown in Figure 3, which is an installation rendering, by The transition cylinder 1 is arranged in an oblate oval shape, so that the optimization device 40 of this embodiment can be smoothly installed between the top cover 10 and the top cover water pipe 30 .

Referring to Figure 2, the cover 2 is adapted to one end of the transition barrel 1 with a flange-like structure, that is, the cover 2 is adapted to the second port of the transition barrel 1, and the two are fixed to each other through bolts. The cover 2 is provided with a through-opening structure, and an upper flange structure is connected to the top cover water pipe 30 to achieve communication with the water accumulation cavity 11 of the transition cylinder 1 .

When in use, one end of the transition cylinder 1 away from the cover 2 (the first port of the transition cylinder 1) is fixed to the top cover 10 of the turbine. At this time, the water inlet 20 of the top cover is covered by the transition cylinder 1. It can be understood that the connection method between the transition cylinder 1 and the top cover 10 is determined according to the design and use requirements, and can be welded, bolted, etc., and a sealing ring can be provided at the intersection line for sealing.

According to the above, the cross-sectional area of the inner cavity of the transition cylinder 1 must be larger than the cross-section of the top cover water pipe 30 and the top cover water inlet 20. At this time, the water accumulation cavity 11 of the transition cylinder 1 can be used to reduce the flow rate in a local position. Reduce the wear of the top cover water pipe 30; principle: flow calculation formula; water from a small pipe enters a larger cavity, the flow rate remains unchanged, the cross section increases, and the flow rate decreases.

In order to optimize the effect, a wear-resistant coating can be applied to the inner wall of the water accumulation chamber 11, or the material of the transition cylinder 1 can be directly selected as a wear-resistant material.

Furthermore, the first port of the above-mentioned transition cylinder 1 is also set to be installed offset relative to the top cover water inlet 20, that is, the two are in an eccentric state, such as: the top cover water inlet 20 is close to the side of the transition cylinder 1; This setting is intended to form a small vortex in the larger spare space beside the top cover water inlet 20 when the water flow quickly passes through the water accumulation cavity 11, so as to optimize the flow rate reduction effect of the water accumulation cavity 11.

Referring to Figure 4, for this application, the flow speed at local locations is also reduced through the above-mentioned fluid deceleration mechanism. The fluid deceleration mechanism includes a diverter plate 3 installed in the middle of the water accumulation chamber 11. The connection between the diverter plate 3 and the transition cylinder 1 The cylinder axis is parallel, and the manifold plate 3 has a central plane 33 parallel to its plate surface. The central plane 33 is basically coplanar with the elliptical major axis of the transition cylinder 1. The thickness direction of the manifold plate 3 is basically parallel to the elliptical minor axis of the transition cylinder 1. , that is to say, the height direction, length direction and thickness direction of the manifold plate 3 are parallel to the height direction, length direction and thickness direction of the transition cylinder 1; the thickness of the manifold plate 3 is smaller than the inner diameter of the top cover water pipe 30.

It should be noted that in Figure 4, the direction pointed by the arrow ab is the thickness direction of the manifold plate 3, that is, the direction of the ellipse minor axis of the transition cylinder 1; the direction pointed by the arrow cd is the height direction of the manifold plate 3, That is to say: the direction of the cylinder axis of the transition cylinder 1, and this direction is parallel to the center plane 33 of the manifold 3; the direction pointed by the arrow ef is the length direction of the manifold, that is: the direction of the long axis of the ellipse of the transition cylinder 1 , at the same time, it is also the setting direction below.

There are flow guide protrusions 31 formed on both sides of the splitter plate 3. The flow guide protrusions 31 are close to the top cover water pipe 30, and the surface of the flow guide protrusion 31 away from the center plane 33 is a convex arc surface.

At this time, the water flow in the water accumulation chamber 11 is divided into two streams, the left flow and the right flow, by the diverter plate 3. They gradually separate from each other in the water accumulation chamber 11, and then close together after passing through the side of the diverter plate 3. A hedge is formed, thereby achieving a local flow velocity reduction effect in the entrance area of the top cover water pipe 30 . This setting uses the kinetic energy of the fluid to cancel each other out, resulting in lower losses than setting up an obstacle.

Referring to Figure 4, the fluid deceleration mechanism also includes lateral wall plates 4 respectively provided on both sides of the splitter plate 3; one outer wall of the lateral wall plate 4 is attached to the inner wall of the transition cylinder, and the other outer wall is attached to the cover. The inner wall of the lateral wall plate 4 is plugged into a plurality of connecting rods 5 on the side facing the diverter plate 3. The other end of the connecting rods 5 is plugged into the diverter plate 3 or the flow guide protrusion 31. In this embodiment, the diverter plate is selected. 3. This arrangement causes the diverter plate 3 to be suspended relative to the top cover 10 , thereby making the flow rate reduction effect on the water accumulation chamber 11 more obvious.

According to the above, the lateral wall plate 4 can be opened through the connecting rod 5 so that it abuts against the inner wall of the transition cylinder 1 , thereby completing the fixing of the manifold plate 3 . The connecting rod 5 is a cylinder, so that the arc surface can be used to face the water flow and reduce the impact; and because there are multiple connecting rods 5, there is no problem of the diverter plate 3 rotating around a certain connecting rod; the number of connecting rods 5 can be 4 or 6, but not too many, and its priority is to be supported by wear-resistant materials.

As for the lateral wall plate 4, its height is the same as the height of the inner cavity of the transition cylinder 1, and a flow guide slope is formed on the side facing the splitter plate 3, and the flow guide slope is a concave arc surface.

By setting up a diversion slope, it can be used to guide the diverted water body, so that when the two water flows merge with each other, they will have a stronger hedging effect, thereby optimizing the aforementioned local speed reduction effect.

It should be noted that in this application, the above-mentioned lateral wall plates 4, splitter plate 3, and connecting rod 5 can all exist as loss parts. One of their functions is to protect the inner wall of the transition cylinder 1. After they are damaged, Just replace it, and the transition cylinder 1 can continue to be used. Since the upper cover 2 of the transition cylinder 1 is fixed by bolts, there is no obstacle to the replacement of the internal structure.

In this embodiment, one end of the diverter plate 3 facing the water inlet 20 of the top cover is chamfered to form an arc-shaped end. This arrangement can reduce the wear and tear on the diverter plate 3 caused by the impact of water flow; secondly, there are multiple openings in the diverter plate 3 Impact flow channel.

Referring to Figure 5, the impact flow channel includes a first flow channel 32a and a second flow channel 32b that are connected, wherein the first flow channel 32a extends along the height of the splitter plate 3, and the two sections of the flow channel form a "7" shape.

Specifically, the external port of the first flow channel 32a is opposite to the first port of the transition cylinder 1. The first flow channel 32a extends along the cylinder axis direction. The second flow channel 32b is arranged at an angle to the first flow channel 32a. The second flow channel 32b The external port is provided on the surface of the flow guide protrusion 31 away from the center plane 33; the diameter of the external port of the second flow channel 32b is larger than the diameter of the external port of the first flow channel 32a.

When in use, the water flows along the side wall of the splitter plate 3 toward the entrance of the top cover water pipe 30. At this time, part of the water enters from the external port of the second flow channel 32b, and is impacted into the first flow channel 32a, and then flows from the first flow channel 32a. The external port 32a (the lower end of the diverter plate 3) rushes out, that is, it rushes out from the arc-shaped end of the diverter plate 3 to offset and disturb the water flow impacting the arc-shaped end of the diverter plate 3 in a small range. On the one hand, it reduces the flow speed; Wear rate of small manifold 3.

Because the diameter of the external port of the second flow channel 32b is larger than the diameter of the external port of the first flow channel 32a, the flow direction of the backwash can be ensured and the above effect can be guaranteed.

In this embodiment, along the set direction, the external ports of the second flow channels 32b of any two adjacent impact flow channels are respectively located on both sides of the splitter plate 3, where the set direction is at the same time as the transition cylinder 1 The radial direction is parallel to the center plane 33 , that is, the set direction is the direction indicated by the arrow ef in FIG. 4 . Through this arrangement, the force on the manifold plate 3 can be balanced and the structural strength can be increased.

This application is also provided with a plurality of alarm detection components to detect whether the stability and position of the manifold 3 are abnormal; the alarm detection components include: a plug 61 and two conductive probes 62 passing through the plug 61 .

The cover 2, the side wall plate 4, and the connecting rod 5 are provided with interconnected through holes, and the inner walls of the through holes are coated with an insulating layer. The above is called a group of through holes, and the number of groups of through holes and the number of connecting rods can be the same.

The plug 61 is inserted into the corresponding through hole of the cover 2; the conductive probe 62 passes through the cover 2 and the lateral wall plate 4 in sequence, and extends into the connecting rod 5. Among them, the plug 61 can be an external thread structure and is fixed to the cover 2 with a threaded connection.

It can be understood that the above-mentioned fixed components are sealed at the positions where they are connected to each other.

When in use, the two conductive probes 62 inserted in each plunger 61 are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the alarm light through wires, and are connected in series with the battery pack. When the connection between the splitter plate 3 and the connecting rod 5 is unstable under the impact of water flow, or the connecting rod 5 is separated from the lateral wall plate 4, the water flow will enter the through hole, causing the two conductive probes in the plug 61 to The needles 62 are connected with each other, that is, the alarm light is turned on, thereby realizing an alarm.

According to the above content, the user can understand the installation status of the manifold plate 3 without opening the water accumulation chamber 11, so as to prevent its abnormality from affecting the use effect.

It can be understood that the above-mentioned manifold plate 3, lateral wall plate 4 and connecting rod 5 can also be welded and fixedly formed.

The embodiment of the present application also discloses an optimization method for extending the service life of the top cover water pipe.

The optimization method for extending the service life of the top cover water intake pipe includes: installing the above-mentioned optimization device for extending the service life of the top cover water intake pipe between the top cover water intake port 20 and the top cover water intake pipe 30 .

The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application shall be covered by the scope of protection of the present application. Inside.

Claims (8)

1. An optimization device for extending the service life of the top cover water pipe, which is characterized by including: The transition cylinder (1) has a water accumulation chamber (11) and a first port and a second port both connected to the water accumulation chamber (11). The first port is opposite to the second port, and the The first port is used to connect with the top cover (10), and the first port covers the top cover water inlet (20). The cross section of the water accumulation cavity (11) is larger than the radial direction of the top cover water inlet pipe (30). section; The cover (2) is closed and fixed on the second port, and the cover (2) is used to connect with the top cover water pipe (30); A fluid deceleration mechanism is installed in the water accumulation chamber (11). The fluid deceleration mechanism is used to guide fluid hedging and reduce the local flow velocity; The fluid deceleration mechanism includes a diverter plate (3), which is parallel to the cylinder axis of the transition cylinder (1). The thickness of the diverter plate (3) is smaller than that of the top cover water pipe. (30); on both sides of the splitter plate (3), guide protrusions (31) are formed, and the guide protrusions (31) are close to the top cover water pipe (30), wherein the The diverter plate (3) has a central plane (33) parallel to its plate surface, and the surface of the flow guide protrusion (31) away from the central plane (33) is a convex arc surface; A plurality of impact flow channels are opened in the splitter plate (3), and the impact flow channels include a first flow channel (32a) and a second flow channel (32b) that are connected, wherein the first flow channel (32a) The external port is opposite to the first port, the first flow channel (32a) extends along the axis direction of the cylinder, the second flow channel (32b) is arranged at an angle to the first flow channel (32a), so The external port of the second flow channel (32b) is disposed on the surface of the flow guide protrusion (31) away from the central plane (33); the diameter of the external port of the second flow channel (32b) is larger than the diameter of the external port of the second flow channel (32b). The diameter of the external port of the first flow channel (32a). 2. The optimization device for extending the service life of the top cover water inlet pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that the first port is installed offset relative to the top cover water inlet (20). 3. The optimization device for extending the service life of the top cover water intake pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: along the set direction, the external direction of the second flow channel (32b) of any two adjacent impact flow channels is The ports are respectively located on both sides of the splitter plate (3), wherein the setting direction is a direction parallel to both the radial direction of the transition cylinder (1) and the central plane (33). 4. The optimization device for extending the service life of the top cover water pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fluid deceleration mechanism further includes lateral wall plates (4) respectively provided on both sides of the diverter plate (3). , one outer wall of the lateral wall plate (4) is attached to the inner wall of the transition barrel (1), and the other outer wall of the lateral wall plate (4) is attached to the cover (2) The inner wall of the lateral wall plate (4) is formed with a flow guide slope on the side facing the diverter plate (3), and the flow guide slope is in the form of a concave arc surface. 5. The optimization device for extending the service life of the top cover water pipe according to claim 4, characterized in that: the side wall plate (4) facing the diverter plate (3) is plugged with multiple connections. Rod (5), the other end of the connecting rod (5) is plugged into the diverter plate (3) or the guide protrusion (31); the diverter plate (3) is relative to the top cover ( 10) In a suspended setting. 6. The optimization device for extending the service life of the top cover water pipe according to claim 5, characterized in that: it also includes an alarm detection component, and the alarm detection component includes a plug (61) and a plug inserted through the plug (61). Two conductive probes (62); The cover (2), lateral wall plate (4), and connecting rod (5) are provided with interconnected through holes, and the inner walls of the through holes are provided with an insulation layer; The plug (61) is inserted into the through hole of the cover (2), and the conductive probe (62) passes through the cover (2) and the lateral wall plate (4) in sequence, and extends side by side. Insert the connecting rod (5). 7. The optimization device for extending the service life of the top cover water pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: any one of the transition cylinder (1), the cover (2) and the fluid deceleration mechanism One or more fluid-facing surfaces are wear-resistant surfaces. 8. An optimization method for extending the service life of the top cover water intake pipe, characterized by: installing the top cover water intake pipe as described in any one of claims 1-7 between the top cover water intake port (20) and the top cover water intake pipe (30) Optimized device to extend the service life of the top cover water pipe.