CN114875944B

CN114875944B - Open caisson supporting structure and construction method

Info

Publication number: CN114875944B
Application number: CN202210667882.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱宏亮; 方建生
Original assignee: Zhejiang Wanli Construction Engineering Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Wanli Construction Engineering Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-06-14
Filing date: 2022-06-14
Publication date: 2023-07-07
Anticipated expiration: 2042-06-14
Also published as: CN114875944A

Abstract

The application relates to an open caisson bearing structure, including the well body, set up in the cutting edge of well body lower extreme, the well body inboard is equipped with the centre form, the outside is equipped with the external mold, be equipped with a plurality of backing plates that are located cutting edge below in the well body, be equipped with the butt in the inclined plane of cutting edge on the backing plate, one side that the cutting edge was kept away from to the backing plate is equipped with the supporting ring, the circumference lateral wall of supporting ring articulates there is a plurality of bracing pieces with backing plate one-to-one, the bracing piece is kept away from the one end of supporting ring and is connected with the backing plate, be equipped with the driving piece that the driving supporting ring drove bracing piece, backing plate follow cutting edge and roll out in the well body. And through ground treatment, support overlap joint, cutting edge formwork, prefabricated open caisson, well body cutting edge drawing of patterns, dig the soil subsidence, multisection well body is pour, the back cover is sealed the top and is sunk the soil horizon with well body construction, this application is through setting up supporting ring, bracing piece, backing plate, utilizes the driving piece to drive the supporting ring slip for all bracing pieces and backing plate synchronous rotation, in order to with the inclined plane synchronous turn off the cutting edge, thereby have the advantage that improves cutting edge form removal efficiency.

Description

Open caisson supporting structure and construction method

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to an open caisson supporting structure and a construction method.

Background

At present, in the process of gradually spreading urban construction to rural construction, engineering construction is increasingly perfect, and roads and bridges are mainly constructed. In order to support a road or a bridge, it is generally necessary to construct an open caisson under the road or bridge for supporting.

The open caisson is a cylindrical structure, is formed by precast concrete pouring, and is provided with cutting edges at the bottom, and a plurality of skids are dismantled one by one when the formwork is dismantled to the well body. When the well body sinks, the well is dug, the self gravity is used for overcoming the friction resistance of the well wall and then sinking to the designed elevation, and then the well body is subjected to concrete bottom sealing and well hole filling, so that the well body becomes the foundation of bridge abutment or other structures. The method is widely used on the foundation pit, the sewage pump station and the large-scale equipment foundation for constructing the large-scale bridge pier.

For the above related art, the inventors consider that: after the well body is poured and molded, the molded well body needs to be disassembled, and the cutting edge foot is exposed through disassembling the pad one by one, so that the whole cutting edge foot has lower demolding efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to improve efficiency of removing a die from a cutting edge, the purpose of the application is to provide a sunk well supporting structure and a construction method.

On one hand, the open caisson supporting structure and the construction method provided by the application adopt the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a caisson bearing structure, includes the well body, sets up in the cutting edge of well body lower extreme, the well body inboard is equipped with centre form, outside is equipped with the external mold, be equipped with a plurality of backing plates that are located the cutting edge below in the well body, be equipped with the inclined plane of butt in the cutting edge on the backing plate, one side that the cutting edge was kept away from to the backing plate is equipped with the supporting ring, the circumference lateral wall of supporting ring articulates there are a plurality of and backing plate one-to-one's bracing pieces, the bracing piece keep away from the one end of supporting ring with the backing plate is connected, be equipped with the drive in the well body the supporting ring drives the bracing piece, backing plate is from the driving piece of rolling out under the cutting edge.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the well body is disassembled, the inner die and the outer die are disassembled, and then the driving piece is started to drive the supporting ring to move upwards. And then drive the upper end of bracing piece to move upwards and draw close towards the support ring, the bracing piece of rotation drives the backing plate and rotates towards the direction that is close to the support ring axis. So that the bevel is simultaneously disengaged from the blade foot during rotation with the backing plate. Therefore, by arranging the supporting ring, the supporting rods and the backing plate, the driving piece is utilized to drive the supporting ring to slide, so that all the supporting rods and the backing plate synchronously rotate to synchronously rotate the inclined plane away from the cutting edge, and the efficiency of removing the die from the cutting edge is improved.

Optionally, the driving piece includes threaded connection in the actuating post in the supporting ring, set up in a plurality of actuating levers on the actuating post circumference lateral wall, the actuating lever is located supporting ring and actuating post threaded connection's below.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the drive support ring upwards moved, the actuating post threaded connection in the support ring this moment, promotes the actuating lever, drives the actuating post and rotates in the well body. The support ring is driven to move upwards through the rotating driving column, and the support rod is driven to synchronously rotate towards the driving column, so that the backing plate synchronously rotates away from the cutting edge, and the backing plate is conveniently and synchronously separated from the cutting edge.

Optionally, the lower extreme of drive post is equipped with the screw thread drill bit, drive post drive screw thread drill bit and revolve back drive support ring upward movement in the soil horizon.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when rotating the actuating post and driving the support ring and remove, the actuating lever drives the actuating post and also drives the screw drill bit and rotate into the soil layer after rotating for the actuating post slides towards opposite direction for the support ring, thereby is convenient for the support ring upwards slides for the actuating post.

Optionally, a cushion block is embedded in the soil layer in the well body, the screw drill bit is connected in the cushion block in a threaded manner, and the screw drill bit is screwed into the cushion block to drive the supporting ring to move upwards.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when rotating the actuating post, drive screw thread drill bit and cushion internal rotation for screw thread drill bit and cushion internal downward movement, the holding ring upwards moves for the actuating post simultaneously. Meanwhile, after the driving column reversely rotates, the threaded drill bit is driven to move upwards in the cushion block, so that the driving column moves upwards relative to the supporting ring, the supporting ring moves downwards under threaded connection corresponding to the driving column, and therefore the stability of the driving column moving in the vertical direction is improved.

Optionally, the cover of drive post upper end is equipped with the fixed column, it has a plurality of joint posts to articulate on the circumference lateral wall of fixed column, offer the joint groove that supplies the joint post card to go into on the well body inner wall.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when supporting the well body, when going up down the support ring from the drive post, overlap the fixed column on the drive post. Then the clamping column is rotated in the direction away from the fixed column, so that the clamping column is clamped into the inner wall of the well body, and meanwhile, the cushion block is removed, so that the screw drill bit is screwed into the soil layer. Then excavating is started along one circle of the screw drill, soil layers around the screw drill are reserved, and soil layers at the cutting edge feet are excavated. And then the driving rod is rotated to drive the screw drill bit to rotate into the soil layer to drive the driving column to move downwards. And then drive joint post, well body, fixed column and move down slowly along with the drive post to make behind the soil layer excavation of cutting edge below the foot drive the whole synchronous downward movement of well body under the rotation of drive post. Therefore, through setting up fixed column and joint post, utilize joint post card to go into the joint inslot for the downward movement of well body is through joint post, fixed column together with the actuating cylinder downward movement, reduces the slope of cutting edge foot in the soil layer, and then reduces the deflection in the well body subsidence, thereby improves the stability that the well body digs soil and subsides.

Optionally, a rotation groove for the clamping post to rotate is formed in the circumferential side wall of the fixing post, and the clamping post rotates out of the clamping groove after rotating into the rotation groove.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, after with the joint post card in the joint groove, rotate out the joint post from the rotation inslot for the joint post rotates in the well internal back card and goes into the joint inslot. Until the fixed column is required to be taken down from the driving column, the clamping column is rotated towards the direction close to the driving column, so that the clamping column is rotated out of the clamping groove and then is rotated into the rear rotating groove. So that the rotating groove provides a rotating space for the clamping column, and the clamping column can rotate in the well body.

Optionally, the rotation directions of the clamping columns in the fixing columns and the clamping grooves are different.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when evenly sinking the cutting edge foot, rotate the actuating lever and drive the actuating lever and rotate, through the joint post that the rotation direction is different, cause the influence to the fixed column when reducing the actuating lever rotation to reduce the condition that the joint post was rolled out from the joint inslot, thereby improve the stability in the joint post card income joint inslot.

Optionally, the joint post is crisscross along the direction of the length of fixed column.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, utilize crisscross joint post, reduce the interference that rotates and produce between the joint post, and increase joint post pivoted space in same horizontal direction to be convenient for the joint post can smooth and easy rotation each on the fixed column.

On the other hand, the application provides a construction method of the open caisson, which uses the open caisson supporting structure and comprises the following steps,

step S1: treating the foundation, measuring and drawing lines, and determining an excavation range;

step S2: the support is lapped, the inner mold and the outer mold are supported, and a cushion block is embedded in a soil layer in the well body;

step S3: the bottom of the cutting edge foot is supported, a threaded drill bit is connected with the cushion block in a threaded manner, a driving column is connected with a supporting ring in a threaded manner, and the supporting rod is rotated to enable the cushion block to be abutted to the lower end of the inner die;

step S4: prefabricating an open caisson, putting the bound steel bars between an inner mold and an outer mold, and pouring concrete to form a well body and cutting edges;

step S5: taking out the well body, driving the support rod to rotate by rotating the driving column, separating the backing plate from the cutting edge, removing the cushion block, and aligning the threaded drill bit with the soil layer;

step S6: digging soil to sink, sleeving the fixed column on the driving column, transferring the clamping column into the clamping groove, and rotating the driving rod to drive the driving column to move downwards after digging soil so as to drive the well body to sink uniformly;

step S7: casting a second section of the well body by using an inner die and an outer die at the abutting upper part of the well body, continuously casting to form a plurality of sections of well bodies, and continuously excavating according to the step S6;

step S8: and (3) back cover and top cover, wherein the well body is subjected to back cover after sinking to the designed elevation, and a reinforced concrete top cover is poured at the top of the well body.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the open caisson is constructed, the foundation is well treated, is arranged flatly, and the size of the well body area is measured to determine the excavation range. The outer die and the inner die are supported, a cushion block is embedded in the soil layer of the inner die, and a screw drill bit is screwed into the cushion block, so that the driving column is in a vertical state. And then the supporting ring is connected to the driving column in a threaded manner, the supporting rod is unfolded to enable the backing plate to extend into the lower ends of the inner die and the outer die, and the height of the lower end of the inner die is higher than that of the lower end of the outer die at the moment, so that the inclined surface of the backing plate forms the bottom wall of the cutting edge. And then placing the bound steel bars between the inner die and the outer die, pouring concrete to form a well body, and forming inclined cutting edges at the lower end of the well body under the support of the gasket.

And the inner die and the outer die are disassembled after the well body is formed, and then the driving rod is rotated to drive the driving column to rotate, so that the supporting rod is gathered after the supporting ring moves upwards, and the backing plate is synchronously separated from the cutting edge. And then the cushion block is taken out, the screw drill bit is screwed into the soil layer, and earth is excavated along the screw drill bit so as to excavate the earth at the cutting edge. And then rotating the driving column to enable the screw drill bit to be screwed into the soil layer to drive the driving column to move downwards. The fixed column and the clamping column move downwards along with the driving column under the action of the well body, so that the cutting edge feet move downwards synchronously, and the inclination of the well body in the sinking process is reduced.

And after the upper end of the first well-saving body is sunk into the soil layer, supporting the inner die and the outer die, pouring the second well-saving body, and after the second well-saving body is formed, continuing to dig soil and sink, and gradually pouring to form a plurality of well-saving bodies. And after the last well body is put into the soil, the designed elevation is achieved, the water in the well body is drained, sand is paved, the concrete back cover is poured after leveling, and then the reinforced concrete top cover is poured on the top wall of the well body to realize the top cover.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the supporting ring, the supporting rods and the backing plate are arranged, and the driving piece is used for driving the supporting ring to slide, so that all the supporting rods and the backing plate synchronously rotate to synchronously rotate the inclined plane away from the cutting edge, and the efficiency of removing the die from the cutting edge is improved;

2. through setting up actuating post and actuating lever, utilize actuating post threaded connection to support the ring for after the actuating post drives the up-and-down movement of support ring, drive the worker's bracing piece and rotate towards the actuating post synchronously, in order to make the backing plate rotate away from the cutting edge synchronously, thus facilitate breaking away from the cutting edge with the backing plate synchronously;

3. through setting up fixed column and joint post, utilize joint post card to go into the joint inslot for the downward migration of well body moves down together with the drive post through joint post, fixed column, reduces the slope of cutting edge foot in the soil horizon, and then reduces the deflection in the well body subsidence, thereby improves the stability of well body excavation subsidence;

4. through setting up the joint post different rotation direction, and stagger the setting, increase joint post pivoted space in same horizontal direction to be convenient for the joint post can smooth and easy rotation each on the fixed column.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure of embodiment 1 of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view for showing a driving post according to embodiment 1 of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present application for showing a clamping groove.

Fig. 4 is a construction flow chart of example 2 of the present application.

Reference numerals illustrate: 1. a well body; 11. a blade foot; 12. an inner mold; 13. an outer mold; 14. a cushion block; 15. a backing plate; 16. a support rod; 17. a support ring; 18. a clamping groove; 2. a driving member; 21. a drive column; 211. a limiting block; 212. a convex column; 22. a driving rod; 23. a screw drill; 24. fixing the column; 241. a clamping column; 242. the groove is rotated.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below in conjunction with figures 1-4.

Embodiment 1 of the application discloses an open caisson supporting structure.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the well comprises a plurality of sections of well bodies 1 formed by up-and-down pouring connection, and cutting edges 11 integrally formed at the lower ends of the well bodies 1, wherein the inner walls of the cutting edges 11 are gradually expanded downwards along the vertical direction, inner molds 12 are supported on the inner walls of the well bodies 1, outer molds 13 are supported on the outer walls of the well bodies, and the well bodies 1 and the cutting edges 11 are formed by steel bar binding concrete pouring between the inner molds 12 and the outer molds 13.

Referring to fig. 2, a pad 14 embedded in the soil layer is arranged at the bottom of the well body 1, a screw drill bit 23 is connected in the pad 14 in a threaded manner, and a driving column 21 is integrally formed on the screw drill bit 23. A plurality of driving rods 22 are hinged on the circumferential side wall of the driving column 21, the hinge axis of the driving rods 22 extends along the horizontal direction, and limiting blocks 211 which are abutted against the bottom wall of the driving rods 22 are fixedly connected on the circumferential side wall of the driving column 21 so as to limit the driving rods 22 to rotate downwards.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the bottom of the well body 1 is provided with a plurality of backing plates 15 positioned below the cutting pins 11, and the backing plates 15 are spliced with each other and then are abutted against the inner wall of the well body 1 to form a ring shape. And the backing plate 15 is provided with an inclined plane which is abutted against the inner wall of the cutting edge 11, the backing plate 15 is abutted against the lower end of the internal mold 12, and one side of the backing plate 15 opposite to the cutting edge 11 is a smooth cambered surface, so that the backing plate 15 can be separated from the cutting edge 11 after being rotated out from the lower part of the cutting edge 11.

Referring to fig. 2, the upper end of the backing plate 15 is fixedly connected with support rods 16, the support rods 16 extend upwards along the inclined direction of the inclined plane and gather in the well body 1, one end of each support rod 16 gathering is hinged with a support ring 17, a plurality of support rods 16 are hinged on the outer side wall of the support ring 17, and the hinge axis of each support rod 16 extends along the horizontal direction.

Referring to fig. 2, the support ring 17 is screwed to the upper end of the driving post 21, and the driving rod 22 is located below the support rod 16, i.e., the driving post 21 and the driving rod 22 are driving members 2 for driving the support ring 17 to move up and down along the driving post 21. The lower end of the supporting rod 16 is driven to rotate towards the direction approaching the driving column 21 by the upward movement of the supporting ring 17, so that the backing plate 15 rotates away from the blade foot 11.

Referring to fig. 2, the upper end of the driving column 21 is connected with a convex column 212, and the screw drill bit 23 screwed into the cushion block 14 can drive the supporting ring 17 to move upwards to be separated from the convex column 212 so as to facilitate the supporting ring 17, the supporting rod 16 and the backing plate 15 to be taken out of the well body 1. The upper end of the driving column 21 is sleeved with a fixing column 24 sleeved on a convex column 212, and the convex column 212 rotates in the fixing column 24.

Referring to fig. 3, a plurality of clamping posts 241 are hinged on the circumferential side wall of the fixing post 24, and the hinge axis of the clamping post 241 extends in the vertical direction. The inner wall of the well body 1 is provided with a clamping groove 18 for clamping the clamping column 241, and the directions of the clamping column 241 turning into the clamping groove 18 on the fixed column 24 are different.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the locking posts 241 are staggered in the longitudinal direction of the fixing post 24, that is, the rotation directions of the locking posts 241 corresponding to the longitudinal direction of the fixing post 24 are opposite. The fixed column 24 is provided with a rotating groove 242 for the clamping column 241 to rotate, and the clamping column 241 rotates out of the clamping groove 18 and then rotates into the rotating groove 242 so as to separate from the rotating space of the clamping column 241 and the inner wall of the well body 1.

The implementation principle of embodiment 1 of the present application is: when the cutting edge 11 is disassembled, the driving rod 22 is rotated to drive the driving column 21 to rotate, so that the screw drill bit 23 is screwed into the cushion block 14 to drive the supporting ring 17 to move upwards. And then the support ring 17 moves upwards to drive the support rod 16 to rotate together towards the driving column 21, so that the backing plate 15 is synchronously separated from the blade foot 11 for demoulding. The drive rod 22 is then rotated further so that the support ring 17 is moved up and out of the drive column 21, and the support ring 17, support rod 16 and pad 15 are removed from the well 1. The pad 14 is then removed to screw the threaded drill bit 23 into the earth. Soil layers in the well body 1 are excavated along the cutting edge 11, soil layers around the threaded drill bit 23 are reserved until the soil layers are excavated to a proper position, and then the driving rod 22 is pushed to drive the driving column 21 to rotate, so that the well body 1 drives the fixing column 24 to slide downwards along with the driving column 21 through the clamping column 241, the cutting edge 11 is driven to sink uniformly in the process of screwing the threaded drill bit 23 into the soil layers, and the situation that the well body 1 tilts in the sinking process is reduced.

Embodiment 2 of the application discloses a construction method of an open caisson.

Referring to fig. 2 and 4, an open caisson support structure is used, which includes the steps of treating a foundation so that the periphery is leveled, measuring a painted area where an open caisson is required, and spreading sand around the painted area to strengthen the periphery of the excavated area after determining the excavated area.

Then, a bracket is built to vertically fix the inner mold 12 and the outer mold 13. The pad 14 is embedded in the earth and the screw bit 23 is screwed into the pad 14. Then the supporting ring 17 is connected with the upper end of the driving column 21 in a threaded manner, and the supporting rod 16 is unfolded so that the backing plate 15 is positioned at the lower end of the internal mold 12, and the inclined surface of the backing plate 15 forms the bottom wall of the cutting foot 11.

And (3) prefabricating the open caisson, binding steel bars, putting the steel bars between the inner die 12 and the outer die 13, and pouring concrete to enable the concrete to be piled on the backing plate 15 to form inclined cutting edges 11 until the well body 1 is formed. Then, the driving rod 22 is rotated to drive the driving column 21 to rotate, so that the threaded drill bit 23 is selected from the cushion block 14, after the driving column 21 is driven to move upwards, the supporting ring 17 moves downwards, and then the supporting rod 16 is driven to drive the backing plate 15 to rotate downwards, so that the contact position between the upper end of the backing plate 15 and the cutting edge 11 is separated. Then the screw drill bit 23 is screwed into the cushion block 14 to drive the driving column 21 to slide downwards, and the supporting ring 17 slides upwards to drive the backing plate 15 to simultaneously separate from the cutting edge 11 until the supporting ring 17 is separated from the upper end of the driving column 21.

The fixing column 24 is sleeved on the driving column 21, and the clamping column 241 is rotated out, so that the clamping column 241 is rotated into the clamping groove 18, and the gravity of the well body 1 can be transmitted to the fixing column 24 and the driving column 21 through the clamping column 241. So that after the soil around the blade foot 11 is excavated, the driving rod 22 is rotated to drive the driving column 21 to rotate, so that the screw drill bit 23 is screwed into the soil. Along with the screwing-in of the screw drill bit 23, the driving column 21 and the fixing column 24 are driven to sink, and the well body 1 is driven to sink, so that the cutting edge 11 is synchronously and uniformly sunk.

And after the well body 1 is sunk to the elevation position, supporting the inner die 12 and the outer die 13 at the upper end of the first well body 1, then starting pouring the second well body 1, continuing to excavate according to the previous step, and continuously pouring the second well body 1 upwards to form a plurality of well bodies 1, and sinking one section of the well body 1.

Finally, the driving column 21 and the fixing column 24 are taken out of the well body 1 together, whether the well body 1 is sunk to the elevation is detected, and accumulated water is pumped out of the sunk well body 1. After the accumulated water is cleaned, the soil layer at the bottom of the well body 1 is cleaned neatly, then gravels are paved to make a good foundation, and then concrete back covers are poured. Filling the well body 1 after bottom sealing, and pouring a reinforced concrete top cover at the top of the well body 1.

The implementation principle of embodiment 2 of the present application is: the driving rod 22 is utilized to drive the driving column 21 to rotate, so that the backing plate 15 can be simultaneously separated from the cutting edge 11, and can be screwed into the soil layer through the screw drill bit 23. Under the gravity compression of the well body 1 acting on the clamping columns 241 and the fixing columns 24, after the soil layer beside the cutting edge 11 is excavated, the driving column 21 is driven to rotate by the rotation driving rod 22, so that the cutting edge 11 uniformly and slowly sinks under the rotation of the screw drill bit 23, the inclination of the well body 1 is avoided, and the sinking stability of the well body 1 is improved.

The foregoing are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, therefore: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered in the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An open caisson bearing structure, its characterized in that: the well comprises a well body (1) and a cutting edge (11) arranged at the lower end of the well body (1), an inner die (12) is arranged on the inner side of the well body (1), an outer die (13) is arranged on the outer side of the well body, a plurality of base plates (15) positioned below the cutting edge (11) are arranged in the well body (1), inclined planes which are abutted to the cutting edge (11) are arranged on the base plates (15), a supporting ring (17) is arranged on one side, far away from the cutting edge (11), of each base plate (15), a plurality of supporting rods (16) which are in one-to-one correspondence with the base plates (15) are hinged to the circumferential side wall of each supporting ring (17), one end, far away from the supporting ring (17), of each supporting rod (16) is connected with the corresponding base plate (15), and a driving piece (2) which drives the supporting rods (16) and the base plates (15) to rotate out from the cutting edge (11) is arranged in the well body (1). The driving piece (2) comprises a driving column (21) connected in the supporting ring (17) in a threaded mode, and a plurality of driving rods (22) arranged on the circumferential side wall of the driving column (21), wherein the driving rods (22) are positioned below the supporting ring (17) and the driving column (21) in a threaded mode; the lower end of the driving column (21) is provided with a screw thread drill bit (23), and the driving column (21) drives the screw thread drill bit (23) to rotate into the soil layer and then drives the supporting ring (17) to move upwards; the soil layer in the well body (1) is embedded with the cushion block (14), the threaded drill bit (23) is in threaded connection with the cushion block (14), and the threaded drill bit (23) is screwed into the cushion block (14) to drive the supporting ring (17) to move upwards.

2. A sunk well support structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper end of the driving column (21) is sleeved with a fixing column (24), a plurality of clamping columns (241) are hinged to the circumferential side wall of the fixing column (24), and clamping grooves (18) for clamping the clamping columns (241) are formed in the inner wall of the well body (1).

3. A sunk well support structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein: a rotating groove (242) for the clamping column (241) to rotate is formed in the circumferential side wall of the fixed column (24), and the clamping column (241) rotates out of the clamping groove (18) after rotating into the rotating groove (242).

4. A sunk well support structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the rotation directions of the clamping columns (241) on the fixed columns (24) rotating into the clamping grooves (18) are different.

5. A sunk well support structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the clamping columns (241) are staggered along the length direction of the fixed columns (24).

6. A method of open caisson construction comprising a open caisson support structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein: comprises the steps of,

step S2: the support is lapped, the inner mold (12) and the outer mold (13) are supported, and a cushion block (14) is embedded in a soil layer in the well body (1);

step S3: the bottom of the cutting foot (11) is supported, a screw drill (23) is connected with the cushion block (14) in a screw mode, a driving column (21) is connected with the supporting ring (17) in a screw mode, and the supporting rod (16) is rotated to enable the cushion plate (15) to be abutted to the lower end of the inner die (12);

step S4: prefabricating an open caisson, putting the bound steel bars between an inner mold (12) and an outer mold (13), and pouring concrete to form a well body (1) and a cutting edge (11);

step S5: the driving column (21) is rotated to drive the supporting rod (16) to rotate, the backing plate (15) is separated from the cutting edge (11), the cushion block (14) is removed, and the screw drill (23) is aligned to the soil layer;

step S6: digging soil to sink, sleeving the fixed column (24) on the driving column (21), transferring the clamping column (241) into the clamping groove (18), and rotating the driving rod (22) to drive the driving column (21) to move downwards after digging soil so as to drive the well body (1) to sink uniformly;

step S7: casting a second section of the well body (1) at the abutting upper part of the well body (1) by using an inner mold (12) and an outer mold (13), continuously casting to form a plurality of sections of well bodies (1) upwards, and continuously excavating according to the step S6;

step S8: the method comprises the steps of sealing the bottom and the top, cleaning the bottom after the well body (1) sinks to the designed elevation, and pouring a reinforced concrete top cover at the top of the well body (1).