CN114873710A - Device and process for treating waste alkali liquor by wet oxidation method - Google Patents
Device and process for treating waste alkali liquor by wet oxidation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114873710A CN114873710A CN202210569050.6A CN202210569050A CN114873710A CN 114873710 A CN114873710 A CN 114873710A CN 202210569050 A CN202210569050 A CN 202210569050A CN 114873710 A CN114873710 A CN 114873710A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/06—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for treating waste alkali liquor by a wet oxidation method, which comprises a preheater, a reactor and an air compressor, wherein the inlet and the outlet of the reactor are respectively communicated with the preheater through pipelines, the preheater is communicated with a booster pump through a pipeline, the booster pump is communicated with a basket filter through a pipeline, the basket filter is communicated with a waste alkali liquor storage tank through a pipeline, the air compressor is communicated with an air storage tank through a pipeline, the air storage tank is communicated with the reactor through a pipeline, a steam heater is arranged at the feeding cross line of the preheater, the preheater is communicated with a cooler through a pipeline, the cooler is communicated with a desalination water system through a pipeline, and the cooler is communicated with a gas-liquid separation system through a pipeline. The device for treating the waste alkali liquor by the wet oxidation method provided by the invention not only reduces the economic cost, but also can stably run for a long period, has higher economic benefit, and each index of the treated waste water meets the discharge standard, can be directly discharged, and simplifies the subsequent treatment steps.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical industry, and particularly relates to a device and a process for treating waste alkali liquor by a wet oxidation method.
Background
When natural gas desulfurization, sulfur injection in oil refining chemical process conversion and desulfurization alkali liquor washing of various fractions of oil refining in the petroleum and natural gas industry are carried out, partial waste alkali liquor can be directly or indirectly generated, the waste alkali liquor contains sulfides and organic pollutants, if the waste alkali liquor is directly discharged, environmental water pollution can be caused, the new requirements of a safe and environment-friendly development new idea cannot be met, and therefore the waste alkali liquor needs to be subjected to oxidation treatment before being discharged.
At present, the oxidation reaction mechanism of the waste alkali at home and abroad is basically mature and reliable, and the wet air oxidation treatment of the waste alkali liquor has been applied for many years. The Zimpro process is the most mature and widely applied, but the Zimpro process requires high-temperature and high-pressure operation conditions, so that the material of the reactor is required to be high, the construction cost is high, and the popularization is influenced. Although the NEC process flow is simplified and the investment is saved, the NEC process only oxidizes sulfides and cannot effectively remove organic pollutants, so that the wastewater needs to be treated before being discharged, and the operation is complicated. The domestic development process has the phenomenon of irregularity in engineering design, operation parameter design, continuous operation on site and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a device for treating waste alkali liquor by a wet oxidation method and a working method thereof.
The invention provides a device for treating waste alkali liquor by a wet oxidation method, which comprises a preheater, a reactor and an air compressor, wherein the inlet and the outlet of the reactor are respectively communicated with the preheater through pipelines, the preheater is communicated with a booster pump through a pipeline, the booster pump is communicated with a basket filter through a pipeline, the basket filter is communicated with a waste alkali liquor storage tank through a pipeline, the air compressor is communicated with an air storage tank through a pipeline, the air storage tank is communicated with the reactor through a pipeline, a steam heater is arranged at the feeding cross line of the preheater, the preheater is communicated with a cooler through a pipeline, the cooler is communicated with a desalination water system through a pipeline, and the cooler is communicated with a gas-liquid separation system through a pipeline.
Preferably, the gas-liquid separation system comprises a gas-liquid separator and an emptying tank, the gas-liquid separator is communicated with a cooler through a pipeline, the emptying tank is communicated with a top outlet of the gas-liquid separator through a pipeline, a bottom outlet of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with a neutralization liquid tank through a pipeline, a top outlet of the neutralization liquid tank is communicated with a drainage pipeline, a bottom outlet of the neutralization liquid tank is connected with a reflux pump through a pipeline, a PH analyzer is arranged on the pipeline between the reflux pump and the neutralization liquid tank, and a water outlet of the reflux pump is communicated with the drainage pipeline through a pipeline.
Preferably, a pressure control valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the gas-liquid separator and the emptying tank, and a liquid level control valve is arranged on a bottom outlet pipeline of the gas-liquid separator.
Preferably, the demineralized water system comprises a demineralized water storage tank, a filter, a heat exchanger and a water pump, wherein the demineralized water storage tank is communicated with the filter and the heat exchanger through pipelines respectively, the filter is communicated with the water pump through a pipeline, and the water pump and the heat exchanger are communicated with the cooler through pipelines respectively.
Preferably, the preheater comprises a plurality of U-shaped bent pipe heat exchangers and a plurality of straight pipe heat exchangers, and the plurality of U-shaped bent pipe heat exchangers and the plurality of straight pipe heat exchangers are sequentially and alternately connected in series through flanges.
Preferably, the reactor contains reactor upper cover, reactor low head, reactor barrel, overhauls flange, two maintenance hand holes and multilayer distributor, the both ends opening of reactor barrel, reactor low head and reactor upper cover communicate respectively to set up in the bottom and the top of reactor barrel, and reactor low head and reactor upper cover all can dismantle with the reactor barrel through overhauing the flange and be connected, and two maintenance hand holes are seted up respectively in the bottom of the lateral surface of reactor barrel and reactor low head, and multilayer distributor sets up in the inside of reactor barrel, and the intercommunication is provided with material import pipe on the reactor low head.
Preferably, the pipe diameter of the reactor barrel is DN400, the pipe diameter of the material inlet pipe is DN40, and the wall thickness of the reactor barrel is 20 mm.
Preferably, the material of the reactor is 316 Ti.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a process for treating waste lye by a wet oxidation method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, removing mechanical impurities from the raw material waste alkali liquor in the waste alkali liquor storage tank through a basket filter, pressurizing to 3.5Mpa through a booster pump, entering a preheater, exchanging heat with a product through heat exchange and steam heater cross-line control, and exchanging heat to 150 ℃ to obtain preheated liquid;
s2, compressing the outside air by an air compressor to obtain compressed air, mixing the compressed air and the preheated liquid obtained in the step S1 in a pipeline, then entering a reactor, and carrying out oxidation reaction in the reactor to obtain a reactant flow;
s3, discharging the reactant flow obtained in the step S3 from an outlet at the top of the reactor, entering a preheater, exchanging heat with waste alkali liquor before reaction, reducing the temperature to about 160-180 ℃, entering a cooler through a pipeline, cooling the reactant flow with demineralized water, reducing the temperature to 30-40 ℃, entering a gas-liquid separator through a pipeline for gas-liquid separation, reducing the pressure of a gas phase from an outlet at the top of the gas-liquid separator through a pressure control valve, discharging the gas phase into a blow-down tank, discharging the gas phase into a boiler through a blow-down pipe at the top of the blow-down tank, and discharging the liquid phase from the device after reducing the pressure of a liquid level control valve at an outlet at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, through arranging the multilayer distributor in the reactor and designing the diameter to be enlarged, the air and the waste alkali liquor can be subjected to micro uniform distribution through the distributor, so that the contact probability of the two materials is greatly increased, the reaction is promoted to approach to a target product, and the reaction efficiency is increased; secondly, along with the increase of reaction products, the redistribution for the second time and the third time is needed to increase the contact probability of the two materials again, thereby avoiding the phenomena of blockage caused by over-high local concentration, crystal precipitation, over-reaction locally, sulfur simple substance generation and the like, increasing the contact probability of the two materials, improving the effective rate of unit treatment, reducing the initial reaction temperature, widening the range of the treated raw materials, strengthening the applicability operability, continuously changing the superposed temperature generated by the reaction into more reliable temperature due to the reduction of the initial reaction temperature and the increase of the distribution of the two reaction materials, and greatly reducing the maintenance risk of a pressure container and the operation difficulty thereof, so that the main material of the reactor can adopt a common type, the one-time investment cost for unit construction is greatly reduced, and the steam medium with higher selective price ratio can be heated in the start-up process;
(2) the invention reduces the blocking probability of unit scaling and salting out by using the demineralized water as a cooling medium and matching with the addition of the temperature control valve, and realizes a safe, stable and long-period running mode;
(3) the device for treating the waste alkali liquor by the wet oxidation method provided by the invention has the advantages that the device is convenient to overhaul and the later maintenance cost control is reduced by the special design that the three-section reactor and the flanges are adopted to connect the plurality of U-shaped bent pipe heat exchangers and the plurality of straight pipe heat exchangers;
(4) the invention thoroughly ensures that the corrosion probability of elements such as unit equipment, pipelines, instruments and the like is nearly zero by the quantitative control of the alkalinity of the raw material waste alkali liquor and the post-mixing of air in the processing flow, and reduces the operation cost of dilution and blending because the range for treating the waste alkali liquor is widened;
(5) the high-salinity wastewater treated by the device provided by the invention completely meets the new standard' yellow river basin wastewater comprehensive discharge standard (DB 61/224-2018) in Shaanxi province, and the personnel investment, energy consumption cost and safety emergency risk of overhigh liquid level under emergency state (more abnormal discharge of flood prevention and other devices) and emergency state of a wastewater treatment unit in a downstream treatment section are reduced; and the sulfur content of the high-salinity wastewater is nearly zero, the COD value is controlled below 50ppm, the PH value is 7-9, no ammonia nitrogen exists, and the high-salinity wastewater can be directly connected into a zero-emission sulfate crystallization unit, so that the pretreatment steps are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for treating spent lye by a wet oxidation process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a wet oxidation treatment apparatus for spent lye of the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a preheater according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a preheater in a prior art apparatus;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a reactor in an example of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a reactor in a conventional apparatus;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a structure of a neutralization liquid tank in a prior art device;
in the figure: 1. a preheater; 2. a reactor; 3. an air compressor; 4. a booster pump; 5. a basket filter; 6. a waste alkali liquor storage tank; 7. a gas storage tank; 8. a steam heater; 9. a cooler; 10. a gas-liquid separator; 11. an upper end enclosure of the reactor; 12. a neutralization liquid tank; 13. a desalted water storage tank; 14. a filter; 15. a heat exchanger; 16. a water pump; 17. a U-shaped bent pipe heat exchanger; 18. a straight pipe clamping heat exchanger; 19. a reactor lower end enclosure; 20. a reactor barrel; 21. overhauling the flange; 22. hand holes are overhauled; 23. a multi-layer distributor; 25. a reflux pump; 26. a stirrer; 27. an analytical instrument.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for treating waste lye by a wet oxidation method, including a preheater 1, a reactor 2 and an air compressor 3, an inlet and an outlet of the reactor 2 are respectively communicated with the preheater 1 through a pipeline, the preheater 1 is communicated with a booster pump 4 through a pipeline, the booster pump 4 is communicated with a basket filter 5 through a pipeline, the basket filter 5 is communicated with a waste lye storage tank 6 through a pipeline, the air compressor 3 is communicated with an air storage tank 7 through a pipeline, the air storage tank 7 is communicated with the reactor 2 through a pipeline, a steam heater 8 is disposed at a feeding crossover of the preheater 1, the preheater 1 is communicated with a cooler 9 through a pipeline, the cooler 9 is communicated with a desalted water system through a pipeline, and the cooler 9 is communicated with a gas-liquid separation system through a pipeline.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of an apparatus for treating waste lye by wet oxidation method, which was developed and used by the company before, and the apparatus has the disadvantages that the reactor 2, the preheater 1, the neutralization liquid tank 12, part of pipelines and part of valves are seriously corroded, the running, the leakage and the dripping are frequent, the apparatus cannot be used normally, and the long-period stable operation of treating the waste lye by wet oxidation method is seriously influenced. Therefore, based on the technical problems of the prior wet oxidation treatment device for treating waste lye, the improvement is made to obtain the wet oxidation treatment device for treating waste lye of the embodiment of the present invention, as can be seen from the comparison between fig. 1 and 2, compared with the prior operation device, the wet oxidation treatment device for treating waste lye of the embodiment of the present invention effectively changes the mixing inlet of the compressed air from the front of the feed preheater 1 to the rear of the preheater 1 (directly into the reactor 2) compared with the prior operation deviceThe problems that the mixture of the waste alkali liquor and the air is oxidized in advance in the tube pass of the preheater 1 to generate sodium sulfite or other products (such as elemental sulfur) which are not fully reacted, so that the heat exchanger 15 is corroded and abraded and the raw material phase flow is disordered are solved. Meanwhile, the embodiment of the invention is additionally provided with a steam heater 8 at the feeding crossover of the preheating device 1 for heating the waste alkali liquor to the temperature required by the reaction during the starting, so that the heating rate of the reactor can be effectively controlled; meanwhile, the risk of mutual channeling of the reuse steam and the waste alkali liquor of the pipe network can be effectively avoided. Meanwhile, through the design of the steam heater 8, the outlet temperature of the preheater 1 can be controlled to be about 150 ℃, the reaction temperature is further controlled to be 210-230 ℃, the phenomenon that a large amount of sodium sulfide is separated out from the waste alkali liquor when the temperature exceeds 240 ℃, so that the pipeline is crystallized and blocked and overpressure is caused can be effectively avoided, in addition, through the special proportioning design of the sodium hydroxide and the waste alkali liquor as the raw material, the alkalinity of the raw material is controlled to be 6.5%, the COD value is controlled to be less than 100000, and the air consumption is 90Nm according to the maximum treatment capacity of the current compressor 3 The maximum processing amount of the waste alkali oxidation device is controlled by/h, the COD of the product is stabilized below 50ppm, the sulfide is nearly zero, and the water quality index can reach the new standard 'comprehensive discharge standard of wastewater in yellow river basin in Shaanxi province' (DB 61/224-2018). Because the fluctuation of the waste alkali oxidation unit is large due to medium fluctuation, the embodiment of the invention can monitor the real-time change of the reaction product of the reactor by arranging the pH value analyzer at the outlet pipeline of the gas-liquid separator, and if the pH value has a descending trend, the ratio of new waste alkali to liquid can be adjusted in time, so that the reaction product can be always kept to be directly discharged. FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of a neutralization tank in a device for treating waste lye by a wet oxidation method, which is developed and used by the company before, compared with the structure of the neutralization tank in the past, the embodiment of the invention changes the neutralization tank 12 of a reaction product from the original ordinary carbon steel material into a 904L material which is more corrosion-resistant under the unqualified pH working condition, removes a stirrer 26 at the top of the tank, adds a reflux pump 25 on an outlet pipeline at the bottom of the tank, can give consideration to outward delivery while carrying out reflux stirring, greatly improves the problem of difficult pressure outward delivery caused by poor sealing effect of the stirrer, and moves an analysis instrument 27 originally arranged in the tank to the tank after adding the pumpIn the circulation loop, the accuracy of the on-line analysis instrument can be greatly improved, and meanwhile, the problem that the long-period operation of the device is seriously influenced by the shell pass scaling of the original circulating water can be effectively solved by changing the circulating water of the shell pass of the reaction product cooler into demineralized water and increasing the demineralized water system to cool the demineralized water through circulating demineralized water.
The gas-liquid separation system comprises a gas-liquid separator 10 and an emptying tank, wherein the gas-liquid separator 10 is communicated with a cooler 9 through a pipeline, the emptying tank is communicated with a top outlet of the gas-liquid separator 10 through a pipeline, a bottom outlet of the gas-liquid separator 10 is communicated with a neutralization liquid tank 12 through a pipeline, a top outlet of the neutralization liquid tank 12 is communicated with a drainage pipeline, a bottom outlet of the neutralization liquid tank 12 is connected with a reflux pump 25 through a pipeline, a PH analyzer is arranged on the pipeline between the reflux pump 25 and the neutralization liquid tank 12, and a water outlet of the reflux pump 25 is communicated with the drainage pipeline through a pipeline. The medium inlet temperature of the gas-liquid separator 10 is adjusted and controlled by a temperature control regulating valve for circulating demineralized water, so that the probability of salting-out blockage can be greatly reduced.
A pressure control valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the gas-liquid separator 10 and the emptying tank, and a liquid level control valve is arranged on a bottom outlet pipeline of the gas-liquid separator 10.
The demineralized water system comprises a demineralized water storage tank 13, a filter 14, a heat exchanger 15 and a water pump 16, wherein the demineralized water storage tank 13 is respectively communicated with the filter 14 and the heat exchanger 15 through pipelines, the filter 14 is communicated with the water pump 16 through a pipeline, and the water pump 16 and the heat exchanger 15 are respectively communicated with the cooler 9 through pipelines.
As shown in fig. 3, the preheater 1 includes a plurality of U-shaped bent pipe heat exchangers 17 and a plurality of straight pipe heat exchangers 18, and the plurality of U-shaped bent pipe heat exchangers 17 and the plurality of straight pipe heat exchangers 18 are sequentially and alternately connected in series via flanges, respectively. FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a preheater in a device for treating waste alkali liquor by a wet oxidation method, which is developed and used by the company before, compared with the structure of the prior preheater, the embodiment of the invention changes an integrated jacket U-shaped tube preheater into 21 groups of detachable type in which a U-shaped bent tube heat exchanger 17 and a straight tube heat exchanger 18 are connected through flanges, so that the preheater 1 can be detached into a short section for leakage detection during maintenance, thereby effectively solving the problem of difficulty in detection, leakage stoppage and dredging after the inner tube of the preheater 1 is blocked and leaked, greatly facilitating the maintenance and dredging and improving the maintenance efficiency.
As shown in fig. 5, the reactor 2 comprises a reactor upper head 11, a reactor lower head 19, a reactor barrel 20, a maintenance flange 21, two maintenance hand holes 22 and a multi-layer distributor 23, both ends of the reactor barrel 20 are open, the reactor lower end socket 19 and the reactor upper end socket 11 are respectively communicated and arranged at the bottom and the top of a reactor cylinder 20, the reactor lower end socket 19 and the reactor upper end socket 11 are both detachably connected with the reactor cylinder 20 through an overhaul flange 21, two overhaul hand holes 22 are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the outer side surfaces of the reactor cylinder 20 and the reactor lower end socket 19, a multilayer distributor 23 is arranged inside the reactor cylinder 20, the distributor 23 mainly comprises three groups of dispersion discs and three vertical connecting rods, the three groups of dispersion discs are arranged in parallel up and down, the three connecting rods are uniformly welded at intervals at the outer edge of each group of dispersion disc annular plates along the circumferential direction, and the three dispersion discs are connected in series; the bottom of the group of dispersion discs positioned at the lowest is provided with a support ring plate, the peripheral surface of the support ring plate is welded with the inner side wall of the reactor cylinder 20, and the top of the connecting rod is provided with three radial fastening bolts which can be installed with the reactor cylinder 20 and are used for limiting the degree of freedom of the distributor 23 along the axial direction.
A material inlet pipe N4 is communicated with the lower reactor head 19, a treatment liquid outlet N2 is arranged at the top of the upper reactor head 11, a thermometer port T1 and a reactor pressure port N1 are arranged on the side wall of the upper reactor head 11, a bottom sewage outlet N3 is arranged at the bottom of the lower reactor head 19, and a thermometer port T2 is arranged on the side wall of the lower reactor head 19. The pipe diameter of the reactor barrel 20 is DN400, the pipe diameter of the material inlet pipe N4 is DN40, and the wall thickness of the reactor barrel 20 is 20 mm. The material of the reactor 2 was 316 Ti. FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a reactor in a device for treating waste lye by a wet oxidation method, which was developed and used by the present company before, compared with the structure of the existing reactor, the reactor 2 in the embodiment of the present invention can be easily dredged and quickly restored to operate after the reactor barrel 20 is blocked by providing a detachable flange and an access hand hole at the bottom of the reactor barrel 20, and meanwhile, because there is no distributor inside the existing reactor 2, the probability of contact between air and waste lye is low, there is a problem of insufficient reaction at local parts, and the reaction efficiency is low, the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the flow rate of reaction feed and increase the residence time in the reactor 2 by increasing the diameter of the reactor barrel 20 from DN350 to DN400 and arranging a three-layer distributor 23, and expanding the pipe diameter of a material inlet pipe N4 from original DN25 to DN40, the air and the waste alkali liquor are subjected to micro-uniform distribution by the distributor 23, so that the contact probability of the two materials is greatly increased, the approach of the reaction to a target product is promoted, the reaction efficiency is increased, and the purpose of full reaction is achieved; secondly, along with the increase of reaction products, redistribution for the second time and the third time is needed so as to increase the contact probability of the two materials again, so that the phenomena of blockage caused by precipitation of crystals and over-reaction of parts to generate a sulfur simple substance and the like are avoided, and meanwhile, the reaction efficiency is improved, so that the initial reaction temperature is reduced and the method is very feasible; because the continuity and the superposition of the reaction temperature are enhanced, the possibility of reaction termination is almost zero, a certain amount of waste alkali liquor is treated, the highest reaction temperature is necessarily reduced on the premise that the absolute temperature rise is relatively certain, so that the reaction pressure is changed from the original secondary high pressure to the medium pressure, the maintenance risk of a pressure container is reduced, the operation difficulty of the pressure container is greatly reduced, a steam medium (3.5MPa) with higher selective price ratio is used as a heating source, the material of the main body reactor 2 can be changed from the original Hastelloy C276 to 316Ti due to the reduction of the reaction pressure, the material of pipelines and instruments is also approximately reduced to the common material, the one-time investment cost of unit construction is greatly reduced; in addition, the wall thickness of the reactor cylinder 20 is increased from 10mm to 20mm, so that the tolerance of the reactor to acid-base corrosion can be larger.
The parameters of the apparatus for treating waste lye by wet oxidation provided by the embodiment of the present invention and the apparatus for treating waste lye by wet oxidation used by the previous research and development of this company are as shown in table 1 below.
Table 1 optimization parameter schedule
| Name (R) | Before optimization | After optimization |
| The start-up heating temperature/DEG C | 220 | 190-200 |
| Alkalinity of raw material spent lye/%) | Is free of | ≧6 |
| Air proportional flow/Nm 3 /h | Without definition | 100±10 |
| Reaction inlet temperature/. degree.C | 190±5 | 150±5 |
| Reaction outlet temperature/. degree.C | 240 | 220-225 |
| Reactor pressure/MPa | 5.5 | 3.5 |
| Inlet temperature/deg.C of gas-liquid separator | Without definition | 35±5 |
As can be seen from the results in table 1, compared with the existing device, the device provided in the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages that the start-up heating temperature, the reaction inlet temperature, the reaction outlet temperature, and the reactor pressure are all greatly reduced, that is, the energy consumption is reduced, and the components of the device can be made of common materials, so that the construction cost is reduced.
Table 2 shows the comparison of the economic efficiency of the apparatus for treating waste lye by wet oxidation provided by the embodiment of the present invention and the apparatus for treating waste lye by wet oxidation used in the previous development of the present company, as shown in table 2 below.
TABLE 2 comparison table of main economic benefits
Note: the maintenance cost is estimated according to the annual financial statement statistical data before and after the technical improvement.
As can be seen from the results in table 2, the apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present invention has a reactor material changed from C276 to 316Ti, which greatly reduces the construction cost, and the cost of the heating medium, the consumption of nitric acid, and the maintenance cost are all greatly reduced, thereby obtaining better economic benefits.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a process for treating waste alkali liquor by a wet oxidation method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, removing mechanical impurities from the raw material waste alkali liquor in the waste alkali liquor storage tank 6 through a basket filter 5, pressurizing to 3.5Mpa through a booster pump 4, entering a preheater 1, exchanging heat with a product through heat exchange and cross-line control of a steam heater 8, and exchanging heat to 150 ℃ to obtain preheated liquid;
s2, compressing the outside air by an air compressor 3 to obtain compressed air, mixing the compressed air and the preheated liquid obtained in the step S1 in a pipeline, then entering a reactor 2, and carrying out oxidation reaction in the reactor 2 to obtain a reactant flow;
s3, discharging the reactant flow obtained in the step S3 from an outlet at the top of the reactor 2, entering a preheater 1, exchanging heat with waste alkali liquor before reaction, reducing the temperature to 160-180 ℃, entering a cooler 9 through a pipeline to be cooled with desalted water, reducing the temperature to 30-40 ℃, entering a gas-liquid separator 10 through a pipeline to perform gas-liquid separation, discharging the gas phase into a blow-down tank after the pressure of the gas-liquid separator 10 is reduced by a pressure control valve from the outlet at the top of the gas-liquid separator, discharging the gas phase into a boiler through a blow-down pipe at the top of the blow-down tank, and discharging the liquid phase out of the device after the pressure of the liquid phase is reduced by a liquid level control valve at the outlet at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 10.
The device for treating the waste alkali liquor by the wet oxidation method provided by the embodiment of the invention can be applied to the chemical industry of an olefe mixed dehydrogenation device, can also be used in processes for treating the waste alkali liquor matched with processes such as ethylene cracking, propane dehydrogenation and carbon four dehydrogenation, can carry out different processing and large-scale production according to the scale of device requirements, can provide solid engineering design and implementation case guarantee of technical operation stability for large-scale refining investment construction in the adjustment period of industrial structures such as nations, civil enterprises and foreign enterprises; meanwhile, the process provided by the embodiment of the invention can be combined with other high ammonia nitrogen wastewater to form a process technology package for combined treatment of wastewater, so that the process is suitable for a wider design range of wastewater treatment projects.
In conclusion, the device and the process for treating the waste alkali liquor by the wet oxidation method provided by the embodiment of the invention not only reduce the economic cost, but also can stably run for a long period, and have higher economic benefit, and all indexes of the treated wastewater meet the discharge standard, can be directly discharged, and simplify the subsequent treatment steps.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A device for treating waste alkali liquor by a wet oxidation method is characterized by comprising a preheater (1), a reactor (2) and an air compressor (3), the inlet and the outlet of the reactor (2) are respectively communicated with the preheater (1) through pipelines, the preheater (1) is communicated with the booster pump (4) through pipelines, the booster pump (4) is communicated with the basket filter (5) through pipelines, the basket filter (5) is communicated with the waste lye storage tank (6) through pipelines, the air compressor (3) is communicated with the air storage tank (7) through pipelines, the air storage tank (7) is communicated with the reactor (2) through pipelines, a steam heater (8) is arranged at the feeding cross-line of the preheater (1), the preheater (1) is communicated with the cooler (9) through pipelines, the cooler (9) is communicated with a desalination water system through pipelines, and the cooler (9) is communicated with a gas-liquid separation system through pipelines.
2. The apparatus for treating waste lye of claim 1, wherein the gas-liquid separation system comprises a gas-liquid separator (10) and a blow-down tank, the gas-liquid separator (10) is connected with the cooler (9) through a pipeline, the blow-down tank is connected with the top outlet of the gas-liquid separator (10) through a pipeline, the bottom outlet of the gas-liquid separator (10) is connected with a neutralization liquid tank (12) through a pipeline, the top outlet of the neutralization liquid tank (12) is connected with a drainage pipeline, the bottom outlet of the neutralization liquid tank (12) is connected with a reflux pump (25) through a pipeline, a PH analyzer is arranged on the pipeline between the reflux pump (25) and the neutralization liquid tank (12), and the water outlet of the reflux pump (25) is connected with the drainage pipeline through a pipeline.
3. The apparatus for treating spent lye of claim 2 wherein the connecting piping of the gas-liquid separator (10) to the blow tank is provided with a pressure control valve and the bottom outlet piping of the gas-liquid separator (10) is provided with a level control valve.
4. The apparatus for treating spent lye of claim 1 wherein the demineralized water system comprises a demineralized water storage tank (13), a filter (14), a heat exchanger (15) and a water pump (16), wherein the demineralized water storage tank (13) is in communication with the filter (14) and the heat exchanger (15) through pipes, the filter (14) is in communication with the water pump (16) through pipes, and the water pump (16) and the heat exchanger (15) are in communication with the cooler (9) through pipes.
5. The apparatus for treating spent lye of claim 1 wherein the preheater (1) comprises a plurality of U-bend heat exchangers (17) and a plurality of sandwiched straight tube heat exchangers (18), the plurality of U-bend heat exchangers (17) and the plurality of sandwiched straight tube heat exchangers (18) being sequentially and alternately connected in series via flanges, respectively.
6. The device for treating waste alkali liquor by using the wet oxidation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reactor (2) comprises a reactor upper end enclosure (11), a reactor lower end enclosure (19), a reactor cylinder (20), an inspection flange (21), two inspection hand holes (22) and a multi-layer distributor (23), two ends of the reactor cylinder (20) are open, the reactor lower end enclosure (19) and the reactor upper end enclosure (11) are respectively communicated and arranged at the bottom and the top of the reactor cylinder (20), the reactor lower end enclosure (19) and the reactor upper end enclosure (11) are respectively detachably connected with the reactor cylinder (20) through the inspection flange (21), the two inspection hand holes (22) are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the outer side surfaces of the reactor cylinder (20) and the reactor lower end enclosure (19), the multi-layer distributor (23) is arranged inside the reactor cylinder (20), a material inlet pipe is communicated with the lower end enclosure (19) of the reactor.
7. The apparatus for treating spent lye of claim 6 wherein the pipe diameter of the reactor barrel (20) is DN400, the pipe diameter of the material inlet pipe is DN40 and the wall thickness of the reactor barrel (20) is 20 mm.
8. The apparatus for treating spent lye of claim 6 wherein the material of the reactor vessel (2) is 316 Ti.
9. A process for treating waste alkali liquor by a wet oxidation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, removing mechanical impurities from the raw material waste alkali liquor in the waste alkali liquor storage tank (6) through a basket filter (5), pressurizing to 3.5Mpa through a booster pump (4), entering a preheater (1), exchanging heat to 150 ℃ through heat exchange with a product and cross-line control of a steam heater (8) to obtain a preheated liquid;
s2, compressing the outside air by an air compressor (3) to obtain compressed air, mixing the compressed air and the preheated liquid obtained in the step S1 in a pipeline, then entering a reactor (2), and then carrying out oxidation reaction in the reactor (2) to obtain a reactant flow;
s3, discharging the reactant flow obtained in the step S3 from an outlet at the top of the reactor (2), entering a preheater (1), exchanging heat with waste alkali liquor before reaction, reducing the temperature to about 160-180 ℃, entering a cooler (9) through a pipeline, cooling with desalted water, reducing the temperature to 30-40 ℃, entering a gas-liquid separator (10) through a pipeline for gas-liquid separation, reducing the pressure of the gas phase from an outlet at the top of the gas-liquid separator (10) through a pressure control valve, discharging to a blow-down tank, discharging to a boiler through a blow-down pipe at the top of the blow-down tank, and discharging the liquid phase from the device after reducing the pressure through a liquid level control valve at an outlet at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator (10).
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