CN114871432A - Powder metallurgy sintering furnace and sintering process thereof - Google Patents
Powder metallurgy sintering furnace and sintering process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114871432A CN114871432A CN202210504490.3A CN202210504490A CN114871432A CN 114871432 A CN114871432 A CN 114871432A CN 202210504490 A CN202210504490 A CN 202210504490A CN 114871432 A CN114871432 A CN 114871432A
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 claims description 6
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- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8603—Removing sulfur compounds
- B01D53/8612—Hydrogen sulfide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/8634—Ammonia
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8668—Removing organic compounds not provided for in B01D53/8603 - B01D53/8665
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8678—Removing components of undefined structure
- B01D53/8687—Organic components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/12—Metallic powder containing non-metallic particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/003—Apparatus, e.g. furnaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/025—Other waste gases from metallurgy plants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
- Y02A50/2351—Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of sintering furnaces, and particularly relates to a powder metallurgy sintering furnace and a sintering process thereof, wherein the process comprises the following steps: s1, preparing raw materials, namely selecting three powders of iron, copper, aluminum, titanium, nickel, tungsten and aluminum oxide as powder raw materials; and S2, pouring the selected powder raw materials into a stirrer device for fully mixing. This powder metallurgy fritting furnace and sintering process thereof, through setting up reciprocal suction mechanism, produce the effect that waste gas realized reciprocal suction in the sintering chamber of fritting furnace equipment, and use with the cooperation of circulating filtration mechanism, realize multiple purification to waste gas, filterable effect, the defect that current vacuum fritting furnace equipment for metal powder metallurgy process exists that the tail gas treatment effect is not good has been solved, at the in-process of fritting furnace equipment sintering, can produce a large amount of harmful gas, if these gases can not carry out effectual processing, discharge in the atmosphere, can cause the problem of serious pollution to the air.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sintering furnaces, in particular to a powder metallurgy sintering furnace and a sintering process thereof.
Background
The powder metallurgy sintering furnace is a heat treatment device which takes metal powder (or a mixture of metal powder and nonmetal powder) as raw material and forms and sinters the raw material to form metal or alloy parts.
The existing vacuum sintering furnace for the metal powder metallurgy process has the defect of poor tail gas treatment effect, a large amount of harmful gas can be generated in the sintering process of the sintering furnace, if the gas can not be effectively treated and is discharged into the atmosphere, serious pollution can be caused to the air, although the powder metallurgy sintering furnace with a waste gas treatment mechanism is also arranged on the market at present, when the waste gas in the powder metallurgy sintering furnace is discharged into the waste gas treatment mechanism, the discharge speed is fixed, the discharge speed cannot be regulated, and further the treatment efficiency of the waste gas is greatly limited.
Based on the problems, the invention provides a powder metallurgy sintering furnace and a sintering process thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problem that harmful gas is not effectively treated in the existing sintering process, the invention provides a powder metallurgy sintering furnace and a sintering process thereof.
The invention provides a powder metallurgy sintering furnace and a sintering process thereof, wherein the process comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing raw materials, and selecting three powders of iron, copper, aluminum, titanium, nickel, tungsten and aluminum oxide as powder raw materials;
s2, pouring the selected powder raw materials into a stirrer for fully mixing;
s3, filling the mixed raw material powder into a mould, and carrying out compression molding;
s4, loading the compression-molded product into a sintering cavity of sintering furnace equipment, closing a furnace door, checking and confirming that each pipeline valve of the equipment has no air leakage, and starting to vacuumize;
s5, when the vacuum degree in the sintering cavity of the furnace equipment to be sintered is pumped to PA, the temperature of the sintered product begins to rise;
s6, operating the sintering program set by the sintering furnace equipment to finish sintering, and further preparing the product;
s7, treating the waste gas generated in the sintering process through a waste gas discharge mechanism of sintering furnace equipment;
the waste gas discharge mechanism in the S7 consists of a reciprocating suction mechanism, a speed regulating mechanism and a circulating filtering mechanism;
the reciprocating suction mechanism is positioned above the sintering furnace equipment and comprises a piston block and a piston cylinder, and waste gas generated in the sintering process is discharged through the reciprocating horizontal movement of the piston block in the piston cylinder along the width direction of the sintering furnace equipment;
the speed regulating mechanism is positioned below the reciprocating suction mechanism and comprises a synchronous belt, an air cylinder and meshing teeth, after the meshing teeth are driven by the air cylinder to stretch and contract to be meshed with the synchronous belt, the moving and the moving of the synchronous belt are realized through the stretching and the contracting actions of the air cylinder to realize speed change, and further the moving speed of the piston block in the piston cylinder is regulated;
circulating filter mechanism is located reciprocating suction mechanism's rear, circulating filter mechanism includes cold catalyst filter screen, coconut husk active carbon granule, active carbon filter screen and exhaust gas analyzer, through cold catalyst filter screen, coconut husk active carbon granule, active carbon filter screen realize multiple purification to waste gas, through exhaust gas analyzer realizes detecting to remaining harmful gas concentration in purifying back waste gas.
Preferably, the powder raw materials in the S are nickel powder, aluminum oxide powder and iron powder, and the three powders are composed of the following raw material formulas in percentage by mass:
80-85 parts of iron powder;
7-9 parts of nickel powder;
6-15 parts of alumina powder.
Preferably, the sintering furnace equipment adopts ammonia gas as sintering protective atmosphere in the whole process of sintering the compression-molded product.
Preferably, the reciprocating suction mechanism further comprises a discharge pipe communicated with the top wall of the sintering cavity of the sintering furnace equipment, the inner wall of the discharge pipe is sequentially and fixedly communicated with a first fixing ring, a second fixing ring, a third fixing ring and a fourth fixing ring from bottom to top, the lower surface of the second fixing ring is fixedly connected with a first spring, one end of the first spring is fixedly connected with a first extrusion ball, and the outer surface of the first extrusion ball is in contact with the inner wall of the first fixing ring;
through above-mentioned technical scheme, first spring and first extrusion ball cooperation are used, do benefit to the elasticity of first spring and drive the inner wall contact of first extrusion ball and first retainer plate, when reciprocating suction mechanism was out of work, were in the off-state between the sintering chamber of discharge pipe and sintering furnace equipment.
Preferably, a second spring is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the fourth fixing ring, a second squeeze ball is fixedly connected to one end of the second spring, and the outer surface of the second squeeze ball is in contact with the inner wall of the third fixing ring;
one end of the piston cylinder is fixedly communicated with the outer surface of the discharge pipe, the upper surface of the shell of the sintering furnace equipment is fixedly connected with a support frame, the inner wall of the support frame is fixedly connected with one end of the piston cylinder, the inner wall of the piston cylinder is in sliding sleeve joint with the outer surface of the piston block, one end of the piston block is hinged with a movable plate, the inner wall of the piston cylinder is fixedly sleeved with a rotating rod extending into the piston cylinder through a bearing, the outer surface of the rotating rod, which is positioned in the piston cylinder, is fixedly sleeved with a turntable, and the outer surface of the turntable is hinged with one end of the movable plate;
through above-mentioned technical scheme, when the bull stick rotated, through carousel and fly leaf, drive piston piece reciprocating suction motion in the piston cylinder to the realization is to the effect of exhaust constantly.
Preferably, the speed regulating mechanism further comprises a driving motor arranged on the front surface of the shell of the sintering furnace equipment, an output shaft of the driving motor is fixedly provided with a transmission shaft through a coupler, one ends of the transmission shaft and the rotating rod are fixedly sleeved with a connecting disc, the cylinder is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the connecting disc, and the meshing teeth are fixedly arranged at one end of the cylinder to realize radial expansion;
through the technical scheme, when the rotating speed of the synchronous belt is needed, the synchronous belt is stretched and contracted through the air cylinder.
Preferably, the circulating filter mechanism further comprises a collecting pipe communicated with the top end of the discharge pipe, the upper surface of the outer shell of the sintering furnace equipment is fixedly connected with a filter box and a detection box respectively, the inner bottom wall of the filter box is connected with a placing box in a clamping manner, and the inner wall of the placing box is fixedly connected with a reticular partition plate;
the coconut shell activated carbon particles are placed above the partition plate, the cold catalyst filter screen and the activated carbon filter screen are both clamped on the inner wall of the filter box, a cover plate is fixedly installed on the inner bottom wall of the filter box through a seal ring and a bolt, a first connecting pipe is fixedly communicated with the center of the upper surface of the cover plate, and one end of the collecting pipe penetrates through the storage box and extends into the storage box;
through the technical scheme, the principle of the cold catalyst is catalytic oxidation, the catalyst component plays a role of a medium in the process, the component is not changed, the cold catalyst can be used for a long time without any treatment, the catalytic decomposition reaction does not need ultraviolet rays, high temperature and high pressure, and the effect of catalytically decomposing harmful gases by the cold catalyst can reach an ideal state under the conditions that the temperature reaches more than 5 ℃ and the humidity reaches more than 40%;
the cold catalyst is a high-tech catalyst, and can catalyze the reaction of formaldehyde and oxygen in the air, and can catalyze the reaction of ammonia gas, toluene, xylene, hydrogen sulfide, various harmful gases in TVOC and the like and the oxygen to generate water and carbon dioxide. The catalyst can perform catalytic reaction at normal temperature, decompose various harmful and odorous gases into harmless and tasteless substances at normal temperature and normal pressure, convert simple physical adsorption into chemical adsorption, decompose while adsorbing, remove harmful gases such as formaldehyde, benzene, xylene, toluene, TVOC and the like, and generate water and carbon dioxide;
in addition, in the catalytic reaction process, the cold catalyst does not directly participate in the reaction, and the cold catalyst is not changed and lost after the reaction and plays a role for a long time;
the biggest difference with the photocatalyst is that the reaction can be carried out without strong light irradiation, so that the application range of the cold catalyst is greatly widened compared with the photocatalyst.
Preferably, one end of the first connecting pipe is fixedly communicated with the inner wall of the detection box, the waste gas analyzer is fixedly installed on the front face of the detection box, the detection end of the waste gas analyzer penetrates through and extends into the detection box, the lower surface of the waste gas analyzer is in contact with the upper surface of the casing of the sintering furnace equipment, and the upper surface of the casing of the sintering furnace equipment is fixedly provided with the controller.
Preferably, the inner top wall of the detection box is fixedly communicated with a second connecting pipe extending to the upper part of the detection box, one end of the second connecting pipe is fixedly communicated with a first electromagnetic valve, and the inner wall of the first electromagnetic valve is fixedly communicated with a third connecting pipe;
through above-mentioned technical scheme, control the connected state between second connecting pipe and the third connecting pipe, when exhaust gas analyzer detects that harmful gas concentration is less than the setting value in the waste gas, control first solenoid valve circular telegram.
Preferably, the front surface of the detection box is fixedly communicated with a fourth connecting pipe, one end of the fourth connecting pipe is fixedly communicated with a second electromagnetic valve, the inner wall of the second electromagnetic valve is fixedly communicated with a fifth connecting pipe, one end of the fifth connecting pipe penetrates through and extends into the placing box, and the exhaust gas analyzer, the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve are all electrically connected with the controller;
through above-mentioned technical scheme, when exhaust gas analysis appearance detects harmful gas concentration in the waste gas and is less than the setting value, control second solenoid valve circular telegram.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. through setting up reciprocal suction mechanism, produce the effect that waste gas realized reciprocal suction in the sintering chamber to sintering furnace equipment, and use with the cooperation of circulating filtration mechanism, realize multiple purification to waste gas, filterable effect, the defect that current vacuum sintering furnace equipment for metal powder metallurgy process has the tail gas treatment effect not good has been solved, at the in-process of sintering furnace equipment sintering, can produce a large amount of harmful gas, if these gases can not carry out effectual processing, discharge in the atmosphere, can cause the problem of serious pollution to the air.
2. Through setting up speed adjusting mechanism, can realize online infinitely variable speed, improve the effect of the exhaust speed of waste gas in the reciprocating suction mechanism.
3. Through setting up the circulation filtering mechanism, can realize carrying out multiple effect of purifying to the harmful gas in the waste gas, set up exhaust gas analyzer and realize detecting to remaining harmful gas concentration in purifying back waste gas, wherein when harmful gas concentration is higher than the setting value, realize circulation purification to waste gas, and then reach pollution-free emission, environmental protection's advantage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a powder metallurgy sintering furnace and its sintering process;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the exhaust gas of a powder metallurgy sintering furnace and its sintering process being drawn into the exhaust pipe structure;
FIG. 3 is a view showing a state where exhaust gas of a powder metallurgy sintering furnace and a sintering process thereof is discharged from the inside of a discharge pipe structure;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a piston block structure of a powder metallurgy sintering furnace and a sintering process thereof;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a synchronous belt structure of a powder metallurgy sintering furnace and a sintering process thereof;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a first connecting tube configuration of a powder metallurgy sintering furnace and a sintering process thereof;
FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the structure of a filter box of a powder metallurgy sintering furnace and a sintering process thereof.
In the figure: 1. sintering furnace equipment; 2. a piston block; 21. a discharge pipe; 22. a first retainer ring; 23. a second retainer ring; 24. a third retainer ring; 25. a fourth retainer ring; 26. a first spring; 27. a first squeeze bulb; 28. a second spring; 29. a second squeeze bulb; 210. a support frame; 211. a movable plate; 212. a rotating rod; 213. a turntable; 3. a piston cylinder; 4. a synchronous belt; 41. a drive motor; 42. a drive shaft; 43. a connecting disc; 5. a cylinder; 6. meshing teeth; 7. a cold catalyst filter screen; 71. a collection tube; 72. a filter box; 73. a detection box; 74. placing the box; 75. a partition plate; 76. a cover plate; 77. a first connecting pipe; 78. a controller; 79. a second connecting pipe; 710. a first solenoid valve; 711. a third connecting pipe; 712. a fourth connecting pipe; 713. a fifth connecting pipe; 714. a second solenoid valve; 8. an active carbon filter screen; 9. an exhaust gas analyzer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-7, a powder metallurgy sintering furnace and a sintering process thereof, the process comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing raw materials, namely selecting three powders of iron, copper, aluminum, titanium, nickel, tungsten and aluminum oxide as powder raw materials;
s2, pouring the selected powder raw materials into a stirrer device for fully mixing;
s3, filling the mixed raw material powder into a mould, and carrying out compression molding;
s4, loading the compression-molded product into a sintering chamber of a sintering furnace facility 1, the sintering furnace facility 1 further adopting an MXQ1200 series box-type atmosphere furnace, the sintering furnace facility 1 having the following functions: the LED large-screen liquid crystal display is integrated with a vacuum pump and an internal circulating water cooling system, so that the external water source is prevented from being locked, the temperature of the outer surface of the equipment is lower, the appearance is attractive and elegant, and the operation is simple; 2. the product heating system, the gas mixing system, the vacuum system, the internal circulating water cooling system and the monitoring system can be operated by control buttons; 3. the professional vacuum design and the unique sealing technology ensure the air tightness of the furnace chamber, and the vacuum degree far exceeds that of similar products; 4. intelligent PID control, self-tuning function, programmable control of 30 sections, and setting of temperature rise and fall procedures of 30 sections, thereby realizing no power loss; 5. 485 conversion interfaces can be optionally matched to realize the connection with a computer; a special computer control system is selected to complete the functions of remote control, real-time tracking, historical record, report output and the like with a single electric furnace or up to 200 electric furnaces; 6. the heating element adopts high-resistance high-quality alloy wires 0Cr27Al7Mo2, and the high heating temperature of zui can reach 1200 ℃; 7. the temperature rise speed is high, and the temperature rise speed is adjustable, wherein Max is 30 ℃/Min; 8. the thermal pollution is less, the surface of the furnace body can be quickly cooled by adopting a high-purity alumina microcrystal fiber thermal insulation material and refrigerating by a fan between double layers of shells, and the surface of the shell is not scalded by about 60 ℃; 9. temperature control is carried out, various temperature controllers can be selected, and temperature fluctuation is small, and the temperature control precision is +/-1 ℃; closing the furnace door, checking and confirming that each pipeline valve of the equipment has no air leakage, and starting to vacuumize;
s5, when the vacuum degree in the sintering cavity of the furnace equipment 1 to be sintered is pumped to 5PA, the temperature of the sintered product is raised;
s6, operating the sintering program set by the sintering furnace equipment 1 to finish sintering, and further preparing the product;
s7, treating waste gas generated in the sintering process through a waste gas discharge mechanism of the sintering furnace equipment 1;
the waste gas discharge mechanism in the S7 is composed of a reciprocating suction mechanism, a speed regulating mechanism and a circulating filtering mechanism;
the reciprocating suction mechanism is positioned above the sintering furnace equipment 1, comprises a piston block 2 and a piston cylinder 3, and discharges waste gas generated in the sintering process through the reciprocating horizontal movement of the piston block 2 in the piston cylinder 3 along the width direction of the sintering furnace equipment 1;
the speed regulating mechanism is positioned below the reciprocating suction mechanism and comprises a synchronous belt 4, an air cylinder 5 and meshing teeth 6, after the meshing teeth 6 are driven by the air cylinder 5 to be stretched and meshed with the synchronous belt 4, the moving and moving of the synchronous belt 4 are realized through stretching and retracting actions of the air cylinder 5 to realize speed change, and further the moving speed of the piston block 2 in the piston cylinder 3 is regulated;
circulating filter mechanism is located reciprocal suction mechanism's rear, and circulating filter mechanism includes cold catalyst filter screen 7, coconut husk active carbon granule, active carbon filter screen 8 and exhaust gas analyzer 9, realizes multiple purification to waste gas through cold catalyst filter screen 7, coconut husk active carbon granule, active carbon filter screen 8, realizes detecting through exhaust gas analyzer 9 to remaining harmful gas concentration in purifying back waste gas.
Further, the raw materials of the powder in the S1 are nickel, alumina and iron powder as examples, and the three powders are composed of the following raw material formulas in percentage by mass:
80-85 parts of iron powder;
7-9 parts of nickel powder;
6-15 parts of alumina powder;
the further formula components of the powder raw materials are a first group: 80 parts of iron powder, 7 parts of nickel powder and 13 parts of aluminum oxide powder;
second group: 82 parts of iron powder, 8 parts of nickel powder and 10 parts of aluminum oxide powder;
third group: 85 parts of iron powder, 9 parts of nickel powder and 6 parts of aluminum oxide powder.
Further, the sintering furnace equipment 1 adopts ammonia gas as sintering protective atmosphere in the whole process of sintering the compression-molded product.
Further, in order to discharge the waste gas generated in the sintering cavity of the sintering furnace device 1, the reciprocating suction mechanism further comprises a discharge pipe 21 communicated with the top wall of the sintering cavity of the sintering furnace device 1, so as to facilitate the discharge treatment of the waste gas generated in the sintering cavity of the sintering furnace device 1, the inner wall of the discharge pipe 21 is fixedly communicated with a first fixed ring 22, a second fixed ring 23, a third fixed ring 24 and a fourth fixed ring 25 from bottom to top in sequence, the mounting positions of the first fixed ring 22, the second fixed ring 23, the third fixed ring 24 and the fourth fixed ring 25 are limited, the lower surface of the second fixed ring 23 is fixedly connected with a first spring 26, one end of the first spring 26 is fixedly connected with a first extrusion ball 27, the outer surface of the first extrusion ball 27 is contacted with the inner wall of the first fixed ring 22, the first spring 26 and the first extrusion ball 27 are used in a matching manner, so that the elasticity of the first spring 26 is favorable for driving the first extrusion ball 27 to be contacted with the inner wall of the first fixed ring 22, when the reciprocating suction mechanism is not operated, the discharge pipe 21 is disconnected from the sintering chamber of the sintering furnace apparatus 1.
Further, in order to continuously discharge the exhaust gas, a second spring 28 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the fourth fixing ring 25, a second squeeze ball 29 is fixedly connected to one end of the second spring 28, and the outer surface of the second squeeze ball 29 is in contact with the inner wall of the third fixing ring 24;
the one end of piston cylinder 3 communicates with the fixed surface of discharge pipe 21, fixed surface is connected with support frame 210 on the shell of fritting furnace equipment 1, the inner wall of support frame 210 and the one end fixed connection of piston cylinder 3, play fixed effect to piston cylinder 3, the inner wall of piston cylinder 3 cup joints with the surface slip of piston piece 2, spacing and direction are carried out to the direction of motion of piston piece 2, the one end of piston piece 2 articulates there is fly leaf 211, the inner wall of piston cylinder 3 has cup jointed the bull stick 212 that extends to piston cylinder 3 inside through the bearing, the bull stick 212 is located the fixed disk 213 that has cup jointed of the surface of piston cylinder 3 inside, the surface of carousel 213 is articulated with the one end of fly leaf 211, when bull stick 212 rotates, through carousel 213 and fly leaf 211, drive piston piece 2 reciprocating suction motion in piston cylinder 3, thereby realize the effect of constantly discharging to waste gas.
Through setting up reciprocal suction mechanism, produce the effect that waste gas realized reciprocal suction in the sintering chamber to sintering furnace equipment 1, and use with the cooperation of circulating filtration mechanism, realize multiple purification to waste gas, filterable effect, the defect that current vacuum sintering furnace equipment 1 for metal powder metallurgical technology has the tail gas treatment effect not good has been solved, at the in-process of sintering furnace equipment 1 sintering, can produce a large amount of harmful gas, if these gases can not carry out effectual processing, discharge in the atmosphere, can cause the problem of serious pollution to the air.
Further, in order to realize the online stepless speed change of the exhaust gas speed, the speed regulating mechanism further comprises a driving motor 41 arranged on the front surface of the shell of the sintering furnace equipment 1, an output shaft of the driving motor 41 is fixedly provided with a transmission shaft 42 through a coupler, one end of the transmission shaft 42 and one end of a rotating rod 212 are both fixedly sleeved with a connecting disc 43, the driving motor 41 is used as a power source of the speed regulating mechanism, the driving transmission shaft 42 and the connecting disc 43 do circular motion, the cylinder 5 is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the connecting disc 43, the meshing teeth 6 are fixedly arranged at one end of the cylinder 5 to realize radial expansion and contraction, and when the rotating speed of the synchronous belt 4 is required, the rotation speed is realized through the expansion and contraction actions of the cylinder 5.
Through setting up speed adjusting mechanism, can realize online infinitely variable speed, improve the effect of the exhaust speed of waste gas in the reciprocating suction mechanism.
Further, in order to realize multiple filtration of harmful gases in the exhaust gas, the circulating filter mechanism further comprises a collecting pipe 71 communicated with the top end of the exhaust pipe 21, the collecting pipe guides and collects the exhaust gas exhausted by the exhaust pipe 21, so as to avoid the problem of environmental pollution, the upper surface of the housing of the sintering furnace equipment 1 is respectively and fixedly connected with a filter box 72 and a detection box 73, the filter box 72 is arranged for purifying and filtering the harmful gases in the exhaust gas, the detection box 73 is arranged for detecting the concentration of the residual harmful gases in the purified exhaust gas, once the concentration exceeds the standard, the harmful gases are immediately discharged into the filter box 72 again for re-filtering, a placing box 74 is clamped on the inner bottom wall of the filter box 72, and the inner wall of the placing box 74 is fixedly connected with a reticular partition plate 75;
coconut shell activated carbon particles are placed above the partition plate 75, the cold catalyst filter screen 7 and the activated carbon filter screen 8 are clamped on the inner wall of the filter box 72, the principle of the cold catalyst is catalytic oxidation, catalyst components play a medium role in the process, the components of the catalyst components cannot change, the catalyst components can be used for a long time without any treatment, the catalytic decomposition reaction does not need ultraviolet rays, high temperature and high pressure, and the effect of catalytic decomposition of harmful gases by the cold catalyst can reach an ideal state under the conditions that the temperature reaches more than 5 ℃ and the humidity reaches more than 40%;
the cold catalyst is a high-tech catalyst, and can catalyze formaldehyde to react with oxygen in the air, and can catalyze ammonia gas, toluene, xylene, hydrogen sulfide, various harmful gases in TVOC and the like to react with oxygen to generate water and carbon dioxide. The catalyst can perform catalytic reaction at normal temperature, decompose various harmful and odorous gases into harmless and tasteless substances at normal temperature and normal pressure, convert simple physical adsorption into chemical adsorption, decompose while adsorbing, remove harmful gases such as formaldehyde, benzene, xylene, toluene, TVOC and the like, and generate water and carbon dioxide;
in addition, in the catalytic reaction process, the cold catalyst does not directly participate in the reaction, and the cold catalyst is not changed and lost after the reaction and plays a role for a long time;
the biggest difference with the photocatalyst is that the reaction can be carried out without strong light irradiation, so that the application range of the cold catalyst is greatly widened compared with that of the photocatalyst;
a cover plate 76 is fixedly mounted on the inner bottom wall of the filter box 72 through a gasket and a bolt, the lower surface of the cover plate 76 is inclined, as shown in the figure, a first connecting pipe 77 is fixedly communicated with the center of the upper surface of the cover plate 76, and one end of the collecting pipe 71 penetrates through and extends into the placing box 74.
Further, in order to realize the detection of the concentration of various harmful gases remaining in the filtered exhaust gas, one end of the first connecting pipe 77 is fixedly communicated with the inner wall of the detection box 73, the exhaust gas analyzer 9 is fixedly installed on the front surface of the detection box 73, the exhaust gas analyzer 9 further adopts the exhaust gas analyzer 9 with the model number of Ke' nuo brand GT2000-W2, the concentration of various harmful gases can be detected simultaneously, the detection end of the exhaust gas analyzer 9 penetrates through and extends to the inside of the detection box 73, the lower surface of the exhaust gas analyzer 9 is in contact with the upper surface of the shell of the sintering furnace equipment 1, and the controller 78 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the shell of the sintering furnace equipment 1.
Further, in order to realize pollution-free emission, the inner top wall of the detection box 73 is fixedly communicated with a second connecting pipe 79 extending to the upper side of the detection box 73, one end of the second connecting pipe 79 is fixedly communicated with a first electromagnetic valve 710, the inner wall of the first electromagnetic valve 710 is fixedly communicated with a third connecting pipe 711, the communication state between the second connecting pipe 79 and the third connecting pipe 711 is controlled, and when the exhaust gas analyzer 9 detects that the concentration of harmful gas in the exhaust gas is lower than a set value, the first electromagnetic valve 710 is controlled to be electrified.
Further, in order to realize the cyclic filtration of the exhaust gas with the concentration exceeding the standard, the front surface of the detection box 73 is fixedly communicated with a fourth connecting pipe 712, one end of the fourth connecting pipe 712 is fixedly communicated with a second electromagnetic valve 714, the inner wall of the second electromagnetic valve 714 is fixedly communicated with a fifth connecting pipe 713, one end of the fifth connecting pipe 713 penetrates through and extends into the placing box 74, the exhaust gas analyzer 9, the first electromagnetic valve 710 and the second electromagnetic valve 714 are all electrically connected with the controller 78, and when the exhaust gas analyzer 9 detects that the concentration of the harmful gas in the exhaust gas is lower than a set value, the second electromagnetic valve 714 is controlled to be electrified.
Through setting up circulation filter mechanism, can realize carrying out multiple effect of purifying to the harmful gas in the waste gas, set up exhaust gas analyzer 9 and realize detecting to remaining harmful gas concentration in the waste gas after purifying, wherein when harmful gas concentration is higher than the setting value, realize circulation purification to waste gas, and then reach pollution-free emission, environmental protection's advantage.
The working principle of the waste gas discharge mechanism of the sintering furnace equipment 1 is as follows: step one, when waste gas is generated in a sintering cavity of a sintering furnace device 1, a driving motor 41 is controlled to be started, a connecting disc 43 connected with a transmission shaft 42 and one end of the transmission shaft 42 is driven to do circular motion, a rotating rod 212 and the connecting disc 43 connected with one end of the rotating rod 212 are driven to rotate through the engagement of an engagement tooth 6 and a synchronous belt 4, a rotating disc 213, located on the inner surface and the outer surface of a piston cylinder 3 and connected with the rotating rod 212, is driven to rotate in the piston cylinder 3, and because one end of a movable plate 211 is hinged with the rotating disc 213 and the other end of the movable plate is hinged with a piston block 2, the rotating disc 213 drives the piston block 2 to reciprocate horizontally in the piston cylinder 3 along the width direction of the sintering furnace device 1 while rotating;
when the piston block 2 slides forwards from back to back in the width direction of the sintering furnace equipment 1 in the piston cylinder 3, the first spring 26 drives the first extrusion ball 27 to contract, the second spring 28 drives the second extrusion ball 29 to stretch and contact with the inner wall of the third fixed ring 24, and when the first spring 26 drives the first sealing ball to contract, the waste gas generated in the sintering cavity of the sintering furnace equipment 1 is pumped into the discharge pipe 21 through the bottom end of the discharge pipe 21 and is temporarily stored in an inner cavity of the discharge pipe 21 between the second fixed ring 23 and the third fixed ring 24 and the piston cylinder 3;
when the piston block 2 slides from front to back in the piston cylinder 3 along the width direction of the sintering furnace equipment 1, the first spring 26 drives the first extrusion ball 27 to stretch and contact with the inner wall of the first fixed ring 22, the second spring 28 drives the second extrusion ball 29 to contract, air temporarily stored in an inner cavity of the discharge pipe 21 between the second fixed ring 23 and the third fixed ring 24 and in the piston cylinder 3 and air temporarily stored in the piston cylinder 3 are discharged into the collecting pipe 71 from the top end of the discharge end, and then flow into the placing box 74 through the collecting pipe 71;
secondly, adsorbing and purifying harmful gases in the waste gas by coconut shell activated carbon particles placed on a partition plate 75 in a placing box 74 to purify the waste gas for the first time, arranging a cold catalyst filter screen 7 to catalyze and decompose the harmful gases in the waste gas to purify the waste gas for the second time, arranging an activated carbon filter screen 8 to adsorb and purify the harmful gases in the waste gas to purify the waste gas for the third time;
the waste gas after purification flows into the detection box 73 through the first connecting pipe 77, and the concentration of the residual harmful gas in the waste gas after purification is detected by the waste gas analyzer 9, which is divided into two cases:
firstly, when the concentration of the residual harmful gas in the exhaust gas is lower than a set value, a signal is fed back to the controller 78, the controller 78 controls the first electromagnetic valve 710 to be electrified, and the purified exhaust gas is discharged through the second connecting pipe 79 and the third connecting pipe 711;
secondly, when the concentration of the harmful gas remaining in the exhaust gas is higher than the set value, a signal is fed back to the controller 78, the controller 78 controls the second electromagnetic valve 714 to be electrified, and the purified exhaust gas returns to the placing box 74 in the filter box 72 again through the fourth connecting pipe 712 and the fifth connecting pipe 713 to be purified again;
and step three, when the exhaust speed of the waste gas in the sintering cavity of the sintering furnace equipment 1 needs to be adjusted, the moving speed of the synchronous belt 4 is changed through the stretching and contracting actions of the air cylinder 5, the moving speed of the piston block 2 in the piston cylinder 3 is adjusted, and finally the purpose of adjusting the exhaust speed of the waste gas is achieved.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A sintering process of a powder metallurgy sintering furnace is characterized in that: the process comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing raw materials, namely selecting three powders of iron, copper, aluminum, titanium, nickel, tungsten and aluminum oxide as powder raw materials;
s2, pouring the selected powder raw materials into a stirrer for fully mixing;
s3, filling the mixed raw material powder into a mould, and carrying out compression molding;
s4, loading the compression-molded product into a sintering cavity of sintering furnace equipment (1), closing a furnace door, checking and confirming that each pipeline valve of the equipment has no air leakage, and starting to vacuumize;
s5, starting to heat and sinter the product when the vacuum degree in the sintering cavity of the furnace equipment (1) to be sintered is pumped to 5 PA;
s6, operating the sintering program set by the sintering furnace equipment (1) to finish sintering, and further preparing the product;
s7, treating waste gas generated in the sintering process through a waste gas discharge mechanism of the sintering furnace equipment (1);
the waste gas discharge mechanism in the S7 consists of a reciprocating suction mechanism, a speed regulating mechanism and a circulating filtering mechanism;
the reciprocating suction mechanism is positioned above the sintering furnace equipment (1), and comprises a piston block (2) and a piston cylinder (3), and the piston block (2) horizontally moves in the piston cylinder (3) in a reciprocating manner along the width direction of the sintering furnace equipment (1) to discharge waste gas generated in the sintering process;
the speed regulating mechanism is positioned below the reciprocating suction mechanism and comprises a synchronous belt (4), an air cylinder (5) and meshing teeth (6), after the meshing teeth (6) are driven by the air cylinder (5) to be stretched and driven to be meshed with the synchronous belt (4), the moving speed of the synchronous belt (4) is changed through stretching and retracting actions of the air cylinder (5), and then the moving speed of the piston block (2) in the piston cylinder (3) is regulated;
circulating filter mechanism is located reciprocating suction mechanism's rear, circulating filter mechanism includes cold catalyst filter screen (7), coconut husk active carbon granule, active carbon filter screen (8) and exhaust gas analyzer (9), through cold catalyst filter screen (7), coconut husk active carbon granule, active carbon filter screen (8) realize multiple purification to waste gas, through exhaust gas analyzer (9) are to purifying remaining harmful gas concentration in the back waste gas and realizing detecting.
2. The sintering process of the powder metallurgy sintering furnace according to claim 1, wherein the sintering process comprises the following steps: the powder raw materials in the S1 take nickel, alumina and iron powder as examples, and the three powders are composed of the following raw material formulas in percentage by mass:
80-85 parts of iron powder;
7-9 parts of nickel powder;
6-15 parts of alumina powder.
3. The sintering process of a powder metallurgy sintering furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sintering furnace equipment (1) adopts ammonia gas as sintering protective atmosphere in the whole process of sintering the compression-molded product.
4. The sintering process of the powder metallurgy sintering furnace according to claim 1, wherein the sintering process comprises the following steps: the reciprocating suction mechanism further comprises a discharge pipe (21) communicated with the top wall of the sintering cavity of the sintering furnace equipment (1), the inner wall of the discharge pipe (21) is sequentially and respectively fixedly communicated with a first fixing ring (22), a second fixing ring (23), a third fixing ring (24) and a fourth fixing ring (25) from bottom to top, the lower surface of the second fixing ring (23) is fixedly connected with a first spring (26), one end of the first spring (26) is fixedly connected with a first extrusion ball (27), and the outer surface of the first extrusion ball (27) is in contact with the inner wall of the first fixing ring (22).
5. The sintering process of the powder metallurgy sintering furnace according to claim 4, wherein: a second spring (28) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the fourth fixing ring (25), a second extrusion ball (29) is fixedly connected to one end of the second spring (28), and the outer surface of the second extrusion ball (29) is in contact with the inner wall of the third fixing ring (24);
the one end of piston cylinder (3) and the external fixed surface intercommunication of discharge pipe (21), fixed surface is connected with support frame (210) on the shell of fritting furnace equipment (1), the inner wall of support frame (210) and the one end fixed connection of piston cylinder (3), the inner wall of piston cylinder (3) and the surface slip of piston piece (2) cup joint, the one end of piston piece (2) articulates there is fly leaf (211), the inner wall of piston cylinder (3) has through the fixed cover of bearing cup jointed bull stick (212) that extends to piston cylinder (3) inside, bull stick (212) are located the internal fixed surface of piston cylinder (3) has cup jointed carousel (213), the surface of carousel (213) is articulated with the one end of fly leaf (211).
6. The sintering process of the powder metallurgy sintering furnace according to claim 5, wherein: the speed regulation mechanism is characterized by further comprising a driving motor (41) installed on the front face of the shell of the sintering furnace equipment (1), an output shaft of the driving motor (41) is fixedly provided with a transmission shaft (42) through a coupler, one end of the transmission shaft (42) and one end of a rotating rod (212) are fixedly sleeved with a connecting disc (43), a cylinder (5) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the connecting disc (43), and a meshing tooth (6) is fixedly installed at one end of the cylinder (5) to achieve radial expansion.
7. The sintering process of the powder metallurgy sintering furnace according to claim 4, wherein: the circulating filtering mechanism further comprises a collecting pipe (71) communicated with the top end of the discharge pipe (21), the upper surface of the shell of the sintering furnace equipment (1) is fixedly connected with a filtering box (72) and a detecting box (73) respectively, the inner bottom wall of the filtering box (72) is connected with a placing box (74) in a clamping manner, and the inner wall of the placing box (74) is fixedly connected with a reticular partition plate (75);
the coconut shell activated carbon particles are placed above the partition plate (75), and the cold catalyst filter screen (7) and the activated carbon filter screen (8) are clamped on the inner wall of the filter box (72);
the inner bottom wall of the filter box (72) is fixedly provided with a cover plate (76) through a sealing ring and a bolt, the center of the upper surface of the cover plate (76) is fixedly communicated with a first connecting pipe (77), and one end of the collecting pipe (71) penetrates through and extends into the box (74).
8. The sintering process of the powder metallurgy sintering furnace according to claim 7, wherein: one end of the first connecting pipe (77) is fixedly communicated with the inner wall of the detection box (73), the waste gas analyzer (9) is fixedly installed on the front face of the detection box (73), the detection end of the waste gas analyzer (9) penetrates through and extends into the detection box (73), the lower surface of the waste gas analyzer (9) is in contact with the upper surface of the shell of the sintering furnace equipment (1), and the upper surface of the shell of the sintering furnace equipment (1) is fixedly provided with the controller (78).
9. The sintering process of a powder metallurgy sintering furnace according to claim 8, wherein: the inner top wall of the detection box (73) is fixedly communicated with a second connecting pipe (79) extending to the upper portion of the detection box (73), one end of the second connecting pipe (79) is fixedly communicated with a first electromagnetic valve (710), and the inner wall of the first electromagnetic valve (710) is fixedly communicated with a third connecting pipe (711).
10. The sintering process of the powder metallurgy sintering furnace according to claim 9, wherein: the front of detection case (73) is fixed the intercommunication has fourth connecting pipe (712), the fixed intercommunication of one end of fourth connecting pipe (712) has second solenoid valve (714), the fixed intercommunication of inner wall of second solenoid valve (714) has fifth connecting pipe (713), the one end of fifth connecting pipe (713) link up and extend to the inside of placing box (74), exhaust gas analyzer (9), first solenoid valve (710) and second solenoid valve (714) all with controller (78) electric connection.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN115415517A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2022-12-02 | 扬州伟达机械有限公司 | High stability pre-firing furnace of metal powder processing |
CN115780809A (en) * | 2023-01-16 | 2023-03-14 | 扬州汇峰新材料有限公司 | Rapid sintering treatment process for powder metallurgy formed product |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN115415517A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2022-12-02 | 扬州伟达机械有限公司 | High stability pre-firing furnace of metal powder processing |
CN115780809A (en) * | 2023-01-16 | 2023-03-14 | 扬州汇峰新材料有限公司 | Rapid sintering treatment process for powder metallurgy formed product |
CN115780809B (en) * | 2023-01-16 | 2023-12-29 | 扬州汇峰新材料有限公司 | Quick sintering treatment process for powder metallurgy forming product |
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