CN114871415A

CN114871415A - Vacuum casting machine is used in hydraulic cylinder alloy part processing

Info

Publication number: CN114871415A
Application number: CN202210384194.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙兆勇; 孙磊; 陈宁; 张宁
Original assignee: Xuzhou Jinding Hengli Hydraulic Parts Co ltd
Current assignee: Xuzhou Jinding Hengli Hydraulic Parts Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-04-13
Filing date: 2022-04-13
Publication date: 2022-08-09
Anticipated expiration: 2042-04-13
Also published as: CN114871415B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vacuum casting, and discloses a vacuum casting machine for machining a hydraulic cylinder alloy part, which comprises a furnace shell, wherein a movable cavity I is formed in the middle of the furnace shell, uniformly distributed air injection channels are formed in the top of the furnace shell, an impact column is movably sleeved in the air injection channels, a hinge ball is hinged to the center of the bottom end of the movable cavity I, a magnet layer is hinged to the top of the hinge ball, a crucible furnace is fixedly connected to the top end of the magnet layer, and a heat insulation layer is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the crucible furnace. According to the invention, through the designed hinge ball, the crucible furnace, the magnet layer and the induction coil, when alternating current passes through the induction coil to form an alternating magnetic field, the magnet layer is attracted and repelled by the alternating magnetic field to have a tendency of approaching and departing from the alternating magnetic field, and meanwhile, due to the limitation of the hinge ball, the magnet layer drives the crucible furnace to rapidly shake through the hinge ball, so that alloy materials in the molten pool cavity are rapidly and uniformly mixed under high-frequency shaking.

Description

Vacuum casting machine is used in hydraulic cylinder alloy part processing

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of vacuum casting, in particular to a vacuum casting machine for machining an alloy part of a hydraulic cylinder.

Background

The vacuum casting machine is a vacuum treatment device integrating material smelting, a vacuum device, a sand mold treatment device, cooling treatment, a casting system and the like, and is mainly characterized in that the whole system is pumped into a low-pressure state through the vacuum device, so that metal is smelted and cast in a state close to vacuum, the gas content in the smelted material is reduced, the metal is prevented from being oxidized, and the casting quality is improved.

When the alloy part of the hydraulic oil cylinder is subjected to vacuum casting, the alloy is mostly smelted by adopting an induction furnace, wherein the induction furnace is formed by winding an induction coil on the outer side of a crucible furnace, so that an alternating magnetic field is formed around by high-frequency alternating current in the induction furnace, and the material in the crucible furnace generates electric potential in the alternating magnetic field to form eddy current and complete heating and melting.

However, in the existing induction furnace, a plurality of metal materials are directly put into the crucible furnace, so that the materials can only be slowly heated and melted by the vortex generated by the materials, the melting speed is slow, after the materials are melted into liquid, the impurities in the materials are gasified and the gas existing in the metals is accumulated and pressed in the molten materials, the gas volatilization is slow, the volatilization of the gas is insufficient, and the quality of castings is not ideal.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior vacuum casting induction furnace in the use process in the background technology, the invention provides a vacuum casting machine for processing alloy parts of a hydraulic cylinder, which is provided with a magnet layer, a crucible furnace, a pressing plate and a magnetic layer, wherein the magnet layer drives the crucible furnace to vibrate at high frequency under the influence of an alternating magnetic field, the crucible furnace drives materials in the crucible furnace to vibrate at high frequency and mix, the crucible furnace tilts to incline the materials, the magnetic flux of the materials is improved, vortex flow and gravity ball are strengthened to synchronously rotate and vibrate, the pressing plate vibrates at high speed to impact the materials, the material is impacted by the vibration waves provided by a multi-directional vibration source to generate internal vibration waves, the direction of the extrusion plate is changed to enable the space size of the four spaces to be changed continuously, the material overflows from the small space to form a thin sheet flowing state, and the gas accumulated in the material is discharged quickly, so that the technical problems of low smelting speed, low mixing speed and unsatisfactory volatilization of the gas in the material in the background art are solved.

The invention provides the following technical scheme: a vacuum casting machine for processing an alloy part of a hydraulic cylinder comprises a furnace shell, wherein a movable cavity I is formed in the middle of the furnace shell, uniformly distributed air injection channels are formed in the top of the furnace shell, an impact column is movably sleeved in the air injection channels, a hinge ball is hinged to the center of the bottom end of the movable cavity I, a magnet layer is hinged to the top of the hinge ball, a crucible furnace is fixedly connected to the top end of the magnet layer, a heat insulation layer is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the crucible furnace, an induction coil is wound on the outer side of the heat insulation layer, a molten pool cavity is formed in the crucible furnace, symmetrical fixed partition plates are fixedly connected to the bottom of the molten pool cavity, a rotating roller is movably sleeved at the center of the bottom of the molten pool cavity, symmetrical extrusion plates are fixedly connected to the outer side of the rotating roller, a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating roller, and a gravity ball is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod, and a movable cavity II is formed at the bottom of the crucible furnace.

Preferably, the impact column is provided with a limiting sealing bulge, the air injection channel is communicated with a high-pressure air injection device to form a loop, and the high-pressure air injection device is controlled by a program.

Preferably, a water-cooling coil is fixedly sleeved at the joint of the magnet layer and the crucible furnace, and the water-cooling coil is communicated with a cooling system.

Preferably, the gap between the induction coil and the heat insulation layer is larger than ten centimeters, the induction coil is communicated with the alternating circuit, and the induction coil is of a hollow structure and is communicated with the cooling system.

Preferably, the bottom end of the extrusion plate and one end far away from the rotating roller are both attached to the inner wall of the molten pool cavity.

Preferably, the bottom of the rotating roller penetrates into the movable cavity II, the bottom of the rotating roller is fixedly sleeved with a limiting ring, the top end of the limiting ring is attached to the top end of the movable cavity II, and the top end of the limiting ring is subjected to sealing treatment.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the invention, through the designed hinge ball, the crucible furnace, the magnet layer and the induction coil, when alternating current passes through the induction coil to form an alternating magnetic field, the magnet layer is attracted and repelled by the alternating magnetic field to have a tendency of approaching and departing from the alternating magnetic field, and meanwhile, due to the limitation of the hinge ball, the magnet layer drives the crucible furnace to rapidly shake through the hinge ball, so that alloy materials in the molten pool cavity are rapidly and uniformly mixed under high-frequency shaking.

2. According to the invention, through the designed hinged ball, the crucible furnace, the magnet layer, the induction coil, the gravity ball, the rotating roller and the extrusion plate, the crucible furnace is inclined to one side when being shaken at high frequency, so that the material in the molten pool cavity is shaken rapidly, the frequency of a cutting magnetic field in unit time is improved, and meanwhile, the staggered area of the material and the magnetic field is increased, thereby increasing the magnetic flux, strengthening vortex, accelerating the melting of the material, simultaneously enabling the gravity ball to rotate synchronously in the inclined direction and shake synchronously at high frequency, and enabling the rotating roller to drive the extrusion plate to extrude the material in the molten pool cavity at high frequency, so that the softened material is deformed under stress, and the molten material is vibrated at high frequency, is staggered with the vibration provided by the crucible furnace, and the rapid mixing of the material is improved again.

3. The invention sprays high-pressure gas through the gas spraying channel at a certain time interval by the designed gas spraying channel, the impact column, the extrusion plate and the fixed clapboard according to the set intelligent program, so that the impact column impacts the inclined crucible furnace, the crucible furnace is stressed to incline to the other side, the gravity ball rotates again, the extrusion plate is driven by the rotating roller to rotate to the other side, the size of a space formed by the extrusion plate and the fixed clapboard changes intermittently, the deformed softened material inclines in the process, the staggered area of the deformed softened material and the alternating magnetic field is increased, the magnetic flux is increased, the vortex is strengthened, the material melting is accelerated, meanwhile, the melted material overflows from the small space which is gradually reduced to the space which is gradually increased from the upper part under the extrusion of the extrusion plate, the melted material forms a flowing state on the extrusion plate and the fixed clapboard, and the spread area of the melted material is increased, the thickness of the separation device is reduced, so that gasified impurities in the separation device can be quickly separated in a low-pressure environment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the furnace shell structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an induction coil according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the crucible furnace structure of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural distribution diagram of the impact beam of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a furnace shell; 2. a movable cavity I; 201. an air injection passage; 3. an impact post; 4. hinging the ball; 5. a magnet layer; 6. a crucible furnace; 7. a molten bath cavity; 8. a heat-insulating layer; 9. an induction coil; 10. a water-cooled coil pipe; 11. fixing the partition board; 12. a rotating roller; 121. a limiting ring; 13. a pressing plate; 14. a movable cavity II; 15. a connecting rod; 16. a gravity ball.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a vacuum casting machine for processing an alloy part of a hydraulic cylinder comprises a furnace shell 1, wherein a movable cavity i 2 is formed in the middle of the furnace shell 1, gas injection channels 201 are uniformly distributed on the top of the furnace shell 1, impact columns 3 are movably sleeved in the gas injection channels 201, limiting sealing protrusions are arranged on the impact columns 3, the gas injection channels 201 are communicated with a high-pressure gas injection device to form a loop, the high-pressure gas injection device is controlled by a program, so that the impact columns 3 are extruded and retracted into the gas injection channels 201 when a crucible furnace 6 is in an inclined state, and when an interval time set by the program is up, the high-pressure gas injection device can inject high-pressure gas to act on the impact columns 3, so that the impact columns 3 push the crucible furnace 6 to incline towards the other side.

Referring to fig. 2 to 3, the bottom center of the movable cavity i 2 is hinged with a hinge ball 4, the top of the hinge ball 4 is hinged with a magnet layer 5, the top end of the magnet layer 5 is fixedly connected with a crucible furnace 6, a water cooling coil pipe 10 is fixedly sleeved at the joint of the magnet layer and the crucible furnace, the water cooling coil pipe 10 is communicated with a cooling system, the water cooling coil pipe 10 is used for cooling the magnet layer 5, the demagnetization of the magnet layer 5 caused by high temperature is avoided, the magnet layer 5 can not interact with an alternating magnetic field, and the high-frequency vibration of the crucible furnace 6 is completed.

Referring to fig. 2 to 4, an insulating layer 8 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the crucible furnace 6, an induction coil 9 is wound on the outer side of the insulating layer 8, a gap between the induction coil 9 and the insulating layer 8 is larger than ten centimeters, so that the crucible furnace 6 can have enough space to perform inclined movement in different directions, the induction coil 9 is communicated with an alternating circuit, alternating current flows in the induction coil 9, an alternating magnetic field is formed around the coil, alloy materials in the molten pool cavity 7 generate induction potential under the alternating magnetic field to form eddy current for heating and melting, the induction coil 9 is of a hollow structure and is communicated with a cooling system, so that the induction coil 9 is cooled, and overheating and melting are avoided.

Referring to fig. 3 to 4, a crucible furnace 6 is internally provided with a molten pool cavity 7, the bottom of the molten pool cavity 7 is fixedly connected with symmetrical fixed partition plates 11, the center of the bottom of the molten pool cavity 7 is movably sleeved with a rotating roller 12, the outer side of the rotating roller 12 is fixedly connected with symmetrical extrusion plates 13, the bottom ends of the extrusion plates 13 and one ends far away from the rotating roller 12 are both attached to the inner wall of the molten pool cavity 7, so that the extrusion plates 13 and the fixed partition plates 11 form four melting spaces, the extrusion plates 13 are driven by a gravity ball 16 to vibrate at high speed, the extrusion plates 13 extrude and collide materials in the four spaces, the materials in the four spaces are deformed and vibrated, and the high-frequency vibration provided by the crucible furnace 6 to the materials generates vibration wave collisions in different directions in the materials, so as to accelerate the rapid mixing of the materials, and meanwhile, in multiple reversing rotations of the extrusion plates 13, the original large spaces in the four spaces are gradually reduced, the original small space is gradually increased, so that the molten material in the reduced space overflows from the top ends of the extrusion plate 13 and the fixed partition plate 11 under the quick extrusion of the extrusion plate 13 and the self high-frequency vibration, the overflowed molten material forms a film sheet on the partition plate and enters the increased space, and the gasified impurities in the molten material are quickly volatilized under the low-pressure environment.

Referring to fig. 3 to 4, a movable cavity ii 14 is formed at the bottom of the crucible furnace 6, the bottom of the rotating roller 12 penetrates into the movable cavity ii 14, a limiting ring 121 is fixedly sleeved at the bottom of the rotating roller 12, the top end of the limiting ring 121 is attached to the top end of the movable cavity ii 14, the top end of the limiting ring 121 is subjected to sealing treatment to limit the position of the rotating roller 12 and avoid leakage, a connecting rod 15 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rotating roller 12, and a gravity ball 16 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod 15, so that in the process of rotating and tilting the crucible furnace 6, the gravity ball 16 can also move in the tilting direction under the gravity to drive the rotating roller 12 to synchronously rotate, so that the extruding plates 13 synchronously rotate, and the gravity ball 16 can rapidly reciprocate in a certain range under the high-frequency vibration of the crucible furnace 6, so that the extruding plates 13 synchronously and rapidly rotate, and materials in four spaces are treated, the gravity ball 16, the connecting rod 15, the rotating roller 12, the limiting ring 121, the extrusion plate 13 and the fixed partition plate 11 are all made of non-metal materials and are high-temperature resistant, and the problem that the gravity ball 16, the connecting rod 15, the rotating roller 12, the limiting ring 121, the extrusion plate 13 and the fixed partition plate 11 generate eddy currents and are melted at high temperature is solved.

The use method (working principle) of the invention is as follows:

firstly, setting time intervals of high-pressure gas sprayed into a gas spraying channel 201 according to actual conditions, then throwing the materials into four spaces formed by a fixed partition plate 11 and an extrusion plate 13 at the bottom of a molten pool cavity 7 in a vacuum state, introducing alternating current into an induction coil 9, simultaneously starting a cooling system, enabling cooling water to flow in the induction coil 9 to carry out cooling treatment, enabling the cooling water to flow in a water-cooling coil 10 to carry out cooling treatment on a magnet layer 5, enabling a crucible furnace 6 to incline to one side under the influence of gravity, enabling the top of the crucible furnace 6 to lean against the top of a movable cavity I2 and be attached to one of impact columns 3, enabling the impact column 3 to be contracted into the gas spraying channel 201 at the position under the extrusion of the crucible furnace 6, enabling a gravity ball 16 to move towards the inclined direction, enabling the gravity ball to drive a rotating roller 12 to synchronously rotate through a connecting rod 15, enabling the extrusion plate 13 to rotate and extrude the materials in the space in the rotating direction, the volume of the other two spaces is increased, and the rotation amplitude of the extrusion plate 13 is not greatly changed under the influence of the unmelted material;

then, the alternating current in the induction coil 9 makes the material in the molten pool cavity 7 form an alternating magnetic field around the material and form a vortex to gradually heat and melt, at the moment, the alternating magnetic field has attraction and repulsion to the magnet layer 5 due to the rapid change of the magnetic field direction, so that the magnet layer 5 has a tendency of approaching to and departing from the alternating magnetic field, the hinge ball 4 receives the tendency to drive the crucible furnace 6 to rapidly vibrate, the material in the four spaces is synchronously vibrated, meanwhile, the gravity ball 16 is vibrated to and fro under the vibration, so that the extrusion plate 13 rotates to and fro, the extrusion plate 13 performs high-frequency impact on the material, the frequency of the cutting magnetic field in unit time of the material is increased, then the material is gradually softened under the influence of the vortex, the impact of the extrusion plate 13 causes the softened material to deform, when the set air injection time is up, high-pressure air is injected into the air injection channel 201 into which the impact column 3 retracts, the high-pressure gas pushes the crucible furnace 6 to incline to the other side by taking the hinge ball 4 as a hinge point through the impact column 3, so that the gravity ball 16 synchronously rotates, the extrusion plate 13 synchronously rotates, the original small spaces of the four spaces are gradually enlarged, the original large space is gradually reduced, the deformed material in the four spaces is inclined, the cutting area of the material and the alternating magnetic field is increased, and the vortex effect is enhanced;

finally, after the materials in the four spaces are completely melted, the vibrating crucible furnace 6 and the vibrating extrusion plate 13 enable the melted materials to obtain the influence of vibration sources in multiple directions and generate high-frequency impact vibration in the melted materials, so that the alloy materials are quickly mixed, when the crucible furnace 6 is tilted to the other side again, the extrusion plate 13 is rotated again, so that the original large space of the four spaces is gradually reduced, the original small space is gradually increased, so that the melting material in the reduced space overflows from the top ends of the extrusion plate 13 and the fixed partition plate 11 under the rapid extrusion of the extrusion plate 13 and the self high-frequency vibration, the overflowing melting material forms a film sheet on the partition plate and enters the increased space, the gasified impurities in the melting material are rapidly volatilized in a low-pressure environment, and then, after the alloy is melted and mixed to reach the standard, carrying out heat preservation treatment, and carrying out subsequent casting in a vacuum environment.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a vacuum casting machine is used in hydraulic cylinder alloy part processing, includes stove outer covering (1), its characterized in that: the furnace comprises a furnace shell (1), a movable cavity I (2) is formed in the middle of the furnace shell (1), uniformly distributed air injection channels (201) are formed in the top of the furnace shell (1), impact columns (3) are sleeved in the air injection channels (201) in a movable mode, a hinge ball (4) is hinged to the bottom center of the movable cavity I (2), a magnet layer (5) is hinged to the top of the hinge ball (4), a crucible furnace (6) is fixedly connected to the top end of the magnet layer (5), a heat insulation layer (8) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the crucible furnace (6), an induction coil (9) is wound on the outer side of the heat insulation layer (8), a molten bath cavity (7) is formed in the crucible furnace (6), symmetrical fixed partition plates (11) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the molten bath cavity (7), a rotating roller (12) is movably sleeved at the center of the bottom of the molten bath cavity (7), and symmetrical extrusion plates (13) are fixedly connected to the outer side of the rotating roller (12), the bottom of the rotating roller (12) is fixedly connected with a connecting rod (15), one end of the connecting rod (15) is fixedly connected with a gravity ball (16), and the bottom of the crucible furnace (6) is provided with a movable cavity II (14).

2. The vacuum casting machine for processing the alloy part of the hydraulic oil cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the impact column (3) is provided with a limiting sealing bulge, the air injection channel (201) is communicated with a high-pressure air injection device to form a loop, and the high-pressure air injection device is controlled by a program.

3. The vacuum casting machine for processing the alloy part of the hydraulic oil cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the joint of the magnet layer (5) and the crucible furnace (6) is fixedly sleeved with a water-cooling coil (10), and the water-cooling coil (10) is communicated with a cooling system.

4. The vacuum casting machine for processing the alloy part of the hydraulic oil cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the gap between the induction coil (9) and the heat insulation layer (8) is larger than ten centimeters, the induction coil (9) is communicated with the alternating circuit, and the induction coil (9) is of a hollow structure and is communicated with a cooling system.

5. The vacuum casting machine for processing the alloy part of the hydraulic oil cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom end of the extrusion plate (13) and one end far away from the rotating roller (12) are attached to the inner wall of the molten pool cavity (7).

6. The vacuum casting machine for processing the alloy part of the hydraulic oil cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom of the rotating roller (12) penetrates into the movable cavity II (14), the bottom of the rotating roller (12) is fixedly sleeved with a limiting ring (121), the top end of the limiting ring (121) is attached to the top end of the movable cavity II (14), and the top end of the limiting ring (121) is sealed.