CN114864206A - Pure high-abundance rare earth rubber magnet and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Pure high-abundance rare earth rubber magnet and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- UBRWPVTUQDJKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis(2-tert-butylperoxypropan-2-yl)benzene Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C)=C1 UBRWPVTUQDJKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- -1 FeB Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002159 nanocrystal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Nd] QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001004 magnetic alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/0302—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity characterised by unspecified or heterogeneous hardness or specially adapted for magnetic hardness transitions
- H01F1/0311—Compounds
- H01F1/0313—Oxidic compounds
- H01F1/0315—Ferrites
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
- H01F41/0266—Moulding; Pressing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/02—Permanent magnets [PM]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a pure high-abundance rare earth rubber magnet and a preparation method thereof. The pure high-abundance rare earth rubber magnet consists of coupled pure high-abundance rare earth magnetic powder, rubber and a vulcanizing agent, wherein the coupled pure high-abundance rare earth magnetic powder is 10-90 parts by weight, the rubber is 10 parts by weight, and the vulcanizing agent is 0.1-0.5 part by weight; the pure high-abundance rare earth magnetic powder comprises the components of [ (Ce) according to atomic ratio a La 1‑a ) b Y 1‑b ] c Fe 95‑c‑d B 6 N d Wherein N is at least one of Nb, Al, Ga, Cu, Zr, Si, Ti and Ge. The invention prepares the pure high-abundance rare earth rubber magnet for the first time, and has good performanceThe magnetic performance and the mechanical performance are combined, expensive key rare earth elements such as Nd and Pr are not contained, the production cost is reduced, the magnet can be used for a long time at the temperature of 80 ℃, the preparation process is simple, and the requirements of magnet products with various sizes are easily met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet preparation, and particularly relates to a pure high-abundance rare earth rubber magnet and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material has excellent magnetic performance and is widely applied to the fields of new energy automobiles, wind power generation, office electronic equipment, intelligent household appliances and the like. However, the demand for high-performance permanent magnets is increasing, resulting in a large consumption of key rare earth elements such as Pr, Nd, Dy, and Tb. Meanwhile, the abundant rare earths La, Ce and Y are used as associated rare earth elements in the Nd and Pr extraction process, so that the use amount is low, the market overstock is large, and the price is low. A large number of researches show that through process improvement and construction of a special microstructure, the high-abundance rare earth permanent magnet also has the potential of being used as a hard magnetic material and has great application value. Therefore, the development of a high-cost-performance magnet based on abundant rare earth elements La, Ce and Y to replace an expensive Nd-Fe-B type magnet in certain applications attracts people's extensive attention, which not only can effectively relieve the problem of unbalanced utilization of rare earth resources, but also can promote the efficient utilization and sustainable development of rare earth resources in China.
Today's applications for high abundance rare earths are mainly focused on nanocrystalline permanent magnetic alloys. Aiming at the nanocrystalline permanent magnet alloy, high-abundance rare earth elements are adopted at home and abroad to partially replace key rare earth elements such as Nd, Pr and the like in an Nd-Fe-B type magnet, but Ce is used for replacing the key rare earth elements 2 Fe 14 B、La 2 Fe 14 B、Y 2 Fe 14 The intrinsic performance of B is low, so that the performance of a partially substituted magnet is remarkably reduced, and the utilization of high-abundance rare earth elements cannot be realized by a small amount of substitution. The invention patent CN 110534279A in China provides a preparation method of pure high-abundance rare earth Ce, La, Y-based multielement nanocrystalline permanent magnet alloy, although the performance of the magnet can reach 7MGOe, the magnetic energy product of the corresponding magnetic powder is only 3 MGOe due to the nonuniformity of the sample5MGOe, and the preparation of the rubber magnet is less than 1MGOe, so the preparation process of the alloy composition and the rubber magnet needs to be adjusted to maximize the magnet performance. Meanwhile, the rubber magnet of pure rare earth with high abundance has the problem of low magnet performance, and the service temperature of the rubber magnet of high abundance does not exceed 80 ℃ generally due to low Curie temperature.
The rubber magnet is a branch of bonded magnets which is widely applied, is prepared by mixing, crushing and molding rubber, magnetic powder, processing aids and the like, has the characteristics of flexibility, elasticity and flexibility, can be randomly punched, cut and pressed into various complex shapes and the like, and is mainly applied to the industries of micro-special motors, refrigerators, disinfection cabinets, toys, stationery, advertisements and the like. The rubber magnet is obtained by subjecting mixed rubber and magnetic powder to extrusion molding in a double-roller gap which is turned in different directions or extrusion cooling in an extrusion molding die after heating and melting, and the rubber magnet is mainly obtained in the shape of a plate with uniform thickness or a strip with different cross-sectional shapes and subjected to vulcanization treatment as required to finally obtain the rubber magnet. However, this method cannot obtain a rubber magnet having a more complicated shape, and the magnetic powder filling ratio is relatively low, resulting in generally low magnetic properties. Compared with a calendering molding method or an extrusion molding method, the rubber magnet prepared by using the traditional compression molding method can improve the filling proportion of magnetic powder, and meanwhile, various rubber magnets with complex shapes can be obtained according to different shapes of the mold.
The pure high-abundance rare earth magnet only contains three high-abundance rare earth elements of La, Ce and Y, and does not contain other key rare earth elements such as Nd, Pr, Dy, Tb and the like. At present, the technology for preparing the rubber magnet by adopting the pure high-abundance rare earth has not been reported in a public way.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a pure high-abundance rare earth rubber magnet which can be used at 80 ℃ for a long time and has high performance.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing the rubber magnet.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the pure high-abundance rare earth rubber magnet comprises coupled pure high-abundance rare earth magnetic powder, rubber and a vulcanizing agent, wherein the coupled pure high-abundance rare earth magnetic powder is 10-90 parts by weight, the rubber is 10 parts by weight, and the vulcanizing agent is 0.1-0.5 part by weight.
Preferably, the pure high-abundance rare earth magnetic powder comprises the components of [ (Ce) according to atomic ratio a La 1-a ) b Y 1-b ] c Fe 95-c-d B 6 N d Wherein N is at least one of Nb, Al, Ga, Cu, Zr, Si, Ti and Ge, a is 0.4-0.9, b is 0.5-0.8, c is 14-18, and d is 0.1-2.
A preparation method of a pure high-abundance rare earth rubber magnet comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) preparing raw materials: prepared according to the atomic ratio of the components [ (Ce) a La 1-a ) b Y 1-b ] c Fe 95-c-d B 6 N d Raw materials of each element;
(2) alloy smelting: smelting under the protection of inert gas to finally obtain a master alloy with uniform components;
(3) melt rapid quenching: mechanically polishing the master alloy obtained in the step (2) to remove a surface oxide layer, mechanically crushing the master alloy into uniform small master alloy pieces, melting the master alloy pieces, rapidly cooling and solidifying the molten master alloy pieces, and finally mechanically crushing the master alloy pieces into powder to obtain magnetic powder;
(4) magnetic powder heat treatment: carrying out heat treatment on the magnetic powder obtained in the step (3) under the protection of argon with the purity of more than or equal to 99.999%;
(5) magnetic powder coupling treatment: crushing the magnetic powder subjected to heat treatment in the step (4) to obtain powder which is sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, adding the powder into an organic solvent containing a silane coupling agent, uniformly stirring at room temperature until the organic solvent is completely volatilized, and drying to obtain coupled magnetic powder;
(6) mixing: rubber is milled on a mixing device, the milling temperature is controlled at room temperature, after the rubber material is uniformly coated on a roller, the coupled magnetic powder and a vulcanizing agent are sequentially added, and the rubber is uniformly mixed and then thinly passed through for 1-3 times of sheet discharging;
(7) and (3) pressing and forming: placing the mixed rubber material for 12-24 h, then putting the rubber material into a mold for heating, and forming in a pressure device;
(8) demolding: the molded magnet was released from the mold to obtain a rubber magnet.
In the step (2), the inert gas is argon with the purity of more than or equal to 99.999 percent.
In the step (2), during smelting, each time of smelting is carried out for 2-3 minutes, and after the smelting is finished, the turnover operation is carried out, and the smelting is carried out repeatedly for 3-5 times.
In the step (3), the melting process is as follows: and (3) placing the small mother alloy blocks into a quartz tube with a small hole at the lower end, placing the quartz tube into a vacuum strip throwing machine, and melting the small mother alloy blocks into a molten state under an argon atmosphere with the purity of more than or equal to 99.999%.
In the step (3), the rapid cooling and solidifying process comprises the following steps: and (3) spraying the molten alloy liquid onto a water-cooled copper roller with the outer surface linear velocity of 10-50 m/s, and rapidly cooling and solidifying the molten alloy liquid into a nanocrystalline rapidly quenched alloy with the thickness of 0.020-0.050 mm by rotating the copper roller.
In the step (4), the heat treatment temperature is 500-700 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 5-15 min.
In the step (5), the mass part ratio of the pure high-abundance rare earth magnetic powder to the silane coupling agent to the organic solvent is 100 (0.5-1.5) (30-50), the silane coupling agent is one of KH550, KH560 and KH570, and the organic solvent is at least one of acetone and ethanol.
In the step (5), the drying temperature is 60-120 ℃, and the drying time is 1-2 hours.
In the step (6), the rubber is Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR) with the acrylonitrile content of 31-46%; the vulcanizing agent is one of dicumyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, 1-di-tert-butyl peroxide-3, 3, 5-trimethylcyclohexane and 1, 3-bis (tert-butyl peroxy isopropyl) benzene.
In the step (6), the mixing device is at least one of an open mill, a calender and an internal mixer.
In the step (7), the heating temperature is 130-180 ℃, the pressurizing time is 5-15 min, and the pressurizing pressure is 2-5 MPa.
In the step (7), the pressure device is a press vulcanizer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) the pure high-abundance rare earth rubber magnet is prepared for the first time, and the combination of good magnetic property and mechanical property is obtained through the adjustment of a heat treatment process, the magnetic energy products are all more than 1.5MGOe, the highest magnetic energy product can reach 2.98MGOe and is higher than that of a ferrite rubber magnet;
(2) expensive key rare earth elements such as Nd, Pr and the like are not contained, so that the production cost is greatly reduced, the cost performance of the magnet is improved, the application range of the high-abundance rare earth elements is widened, and the utilization of rare earth resources is balanced;
(3) the preparation process is simple, and the requirements of magnet products with various sizes are easily met by processing and molding through a die;
(4) the prepared pure high-abundance rare earth rubber magnet can be used for a long time at the temperature of 80 ℃, and the magnetic property attenuation amplitude is small.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. The raw materials related to the invention can be directly purchased from the market. For process parameters not specifically noted, reference may be made to conventional techniques.
The chemical formula of the pure high-abundance rare earth rubber magnet prepared in the following example shows the components of the rare earth permanent magnet material and the weight percentage of each component.
Example 1
This example prepares a compound of formula [ (Ce) 0.8 La 0.2 ) 0.7 Y 0.3 ] 17 Fe 76.5 B 6 Nb 0.5 Al 0.5 Ga 0.5 Si 2 Wherein the numbers represent the weight percentages of the respective components. From the following weightThe raw materials of the parts are as follows: 50 parts of pure high-abundance rare earth magnetic powder, 10 parts of nitrile rubber, 0.5 part of KH550 and 0.1 part of dicumyl peroxide.
The preparation method of the pure high-abundance rare earth rubber magnet comprises the following specific steps:
(1) preparing raw materials: according to the atomic ratio of the component [ (Ce) 0.8 La 0.2 ) 0.7 Y 0.3 ] 17 Fe 76.5 B 6 Nb 0.5 Al 0.5 Ga 0.5 Si 2 Preparing raw materials of Ce, La, Y, Fe, FeB, Nb, Al, Ga and Si for later use, and mechanically polishing the rare earth elements of La, Ce and Y to remove a surface oxide layer before preparation;
(2) alloy smelting: placing the raw materials in the step (1) in an argon arc smelting furnace according to the sequence of Ce, La, Y, Fe, FeB, Nb, Al, Ga and Si from the lower layer to the upper layer in sequence, smelting in argon with the purity of more than or equal to 99.999 percent for 2-3 minutes each time, performing turn-over operation after finishing smelting, and repeatedly smelting for 3-5 times to finally obtain a master alloy with uniform components;
(3) melt rapid quenching: mechanically polishing the master alloy obtained in the step (2) to remove a surface oxide layer, mechanically crushing the master alloy into uniform small master alloy pieces, putting the small master alloy pieces into a quartz tube with small holes at the lower end, putting the quartz tube into a vacuum strip throwing machine, melting the small master alloy pieces to a molten state under an argon atmosphere with the purity of more than or equal to 99.999 percent, then spraying the molten alloy liquid onto the outer surface of a water-cooled copper roller with the rotation speed of 25m/s, rapidly cooling and solidifying the molten alloy liquid into nano-crystal rapidly quenched alloy with the thickness of 0.020-0.050 mm by the rotation of the copper roller, and finally mechanically crushing the nano-crystal rapidly quenched alloy into powder to obtain magnetic powder;
(4) magnetic powder heat treatment: carrying out heat treatment on the magnetic powder obtained in the step (3) under the protection of argon with the purity of more than or equal to 99.999 percent, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 500 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 8 min;
(5) magnetic powder coupling treatment: crushing the magnetic powder obtained after the heat treatment in the step (4) to obtain powder which is sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, adding the powder into acetone containing KH550, uniformly stirring at room temperature until the acetone is completely volatilized, and then placing in a forced air drying oven at 80 ℃ for 1-2 hours to obtain coupled magnetic powder;
(6) mixing: the rubber is milled on an open mill, and the open milling temperature is controlled at room temperature. After the sizing material uniformly wraps the roller, sequentially adding the coupled magnetic powder and dicumyl peroxide, uniformly mixing, and then thinly passing through for 1-3 times for sheet discharging;
(7) and (3) pressing and forming: placing the mixed rubber material for 12-24 h, then placing the mixed rubber material into a mold, heating the mixed rubber material, and forming the mixed rubber material in a flat vulcanizing machine, wherein the heating temperature is 160 ℃, the pressurizing time is 12min, and the pressurizing pressure is 2 MPa;
(8) demolding: demolding the molded magnet from the mold to obtain a rubber magnet;
the properties of the prepared rubber magnet are shown in table 1.
Example 2
Different from the embodiment 1, the addition ratio of the coupled magnetic powder is changed, and the embodiment is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 parts of pure high-abundance rare earth magnetic powder, 10 parts of nitrile rubber, 0.9 part of KH550 and 0.1 part of dicumyl peroxide.
The preparation method of the pure high-abundance rare earth rubber magnet comprises the following specific steps:
(1) preparing raw materials: according to the atomic ratio of the component [ (Ce) 0.8 La 0.2 ) 0.7 Y 0.3 ] 17 Fe 76.5 B 6 Nb 0.5 Al 0.5 Ga 0.5 Si 2 Preparing raw materials of Ce, La, Y, Fe, FeB, Nb, Al, Ga and Si for later use, and mechanically polishing the rare earth elements of La, Ce and Y to remove a surface oxide layer before preparation;
(2) alloy smelting: placing the raw materials in the step (1) in an argon arc smelting furnace according to the sequence of Ce, La, Y, Fe, FeB, Nb, Al, Ga and Si from the lower layer to the upper layer in sequence, smelting in argon with the purity of more than or equal to 99.999 percent for 2-3 minutes each time, performing turn-over operation after finishing smelting, and repeatedly smelting for 3-5 times to finally obtain a master alloy with uniform components;
(3) melt rapid quenching: mechanically polishing the master alloy obtained in the step (2) to remove a surface oxide layer, mechanically crushing the master alloy into uniform small master alloy pieces, putting the small master alloy pieces into a quartz tube with small holes at the lower end, putting the quartz tube into a vacuum strip throwing machine, melting the small master alloy pieces to a molten state under an argon atmosphere with the purity of more than or equal to 99.999 percent, then spraying the molten alloy liquid onto the outer surface of a water-cooled copper roller with the rotation speed of 25m/s, rapidly cooling and solidifying the molten alloy liquid into nano-crystal rapidly quenched alloy with the thickness of 0.020-0.050 mm by the rotation of the copper roller, and finally mechanically crushing the nano-crystal rapidly quenched alloy into powder to obtain magnetic powder;
(4) magnetic powder heat treatment: carrying out heat treatment on the magnetic powder obtained in the step (3) under the protection of argon with the purity of more than or equal to 99.999 percent, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 500 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 8 min;
(5) magnetic powder coupling treatment: and (4) crushing the magnetic powder obtained after the heat treatment in the step (4) to obtain powder which is sieved by a 100-mesh sieve. Adding the powder into acetone containing KH550, stirring uniformly at room temperature until the acetone is completely volatilized, and then placing in an air-blowing drying oven at 80 ℃ for 1-2 h to obtain coupled magnetic powder;
(6) mixing: the rubber is milled on an open mill, and the open milling temperature is controlled at room temperature. After the sizing material uniformly wraps the roller, sequentially adding the coupled magnetic powder and dicumyl peroxide, uniformly mixing, and then thinly passing through for 1-3 times for sheet discharging;
(7) and (3) pressing and forming: placing the mixed rubber material for 12-24 h, then placing the mixed rubber material into a mold, heating the mixed rubber material, and forming the mixed rubber material in a flat vulcanizing machine, wherein the heating temperature is 160 ℃, the pressurizing time is 12min, and the pressurizing pressure is 2 MPa;
(8) demolding: demolding the molded magnet from the mold to obtain a rubber magnet;
the properties of the prepared rubber magnet are shown in table 1, and the high temperature resistance results are shown in table 2.
Example 3
Different from the example 2, the chemical composition of the pure high-abundance rare earth magnetic powder is changed, and the chemical formula of the example is [ (Ce ] is prepared 0.7 La 0.3 ) 0.8 Y 0.2 ] 17 Fe 76.5 B 6 NbAl 0.8 Ga 0.5 Ti 1.2 Ge 0.7 Wherein the numbers represent the atomic percentages of the respective components. The composition is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 parts of pure high-abundance rare earth magnetic powder, 10 parts of nitrile rubber, 0.9 part of coupling agent and 0.1 part ofDicumyl peroxide.
The preparation method of the pure high-abundance rare earth rubber magnet comprises the following specific steps:
(1) preparing raw materials: according to the atomic ratio of the component [ (Ce) 0.7 La 0.3 ) 0.8 Y 0.2 ] 17 Fe 76.5 B 6 NbAl 0.8 Ga 0.5 Ti 1.2 Ge 0.7 Preparing raw materials Ce, La, Y, Fe, FeB, Nb, Al, Ga, Ti and Ge for later use, and mechanically polishing the rare earth elements La, Ce and Y before preparation to remove a surface oxide layer;
(2) alloy smelting: placing the raw materials in the step (1) in an argon arc smelting furnace according to the sequence of Ce, La, Y, Fe, FeB, Nb, Al, Ga, Ti and Ge from the lower layer to the upper layer in sequence, smelting in argon with the purity of more than or equal to 99.999 percent for 2-3 minutes each time, performing turn-over operation after finishing smelting, and repeatedly smelting for 3-5 times to finally obtain a master alloy with uniform components;
(3) melt rapid quenching: mechanically polishing the master alloy obtained in the step (2) to remove a surface oxide layer, mechanically crushing the master alloy into uniform small master alloy pieces, putting the small master alloy pieces into a quartz tube with small holes at the lower end, putting the quartz tube into a vacuum strip throwing machine, melting the small master alloy pieces to a molten state under an argon atmosphere with the purity of more than or equal to 99.999 percent, then spraying the molten alloy liquid onto the outer surface of a water-cooled copper roller with the rotating speed of 21m/s, rapidly cooling and solidifying the molten alloy liquid into nano-crystal rapidly quenched alloy with the thickness of 0.020-0.050 mm by the rotation of the copper roller, and finally mechanically crushing the nano-crystal rapidly quenched alloy into powder to obtain magnetic powder;
(4) magnetic powder heat treatment: carrying out heat treatment on the magnetic powder obtained in the step (3) under the protection of argon with the purity of more than or equal to 99.999 percent, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 600 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 12 min;
(5) magnetic powder coupling treatment: crushing the magnetic powder obtained after the heat treatment in the step (4) to obtain powder which is sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, adding the powder into acetone containing KH550, uniformly stirring at room temperature until the acetone is completely volatilized, and then placing in a forced air drying oven at 80 ℃ for 1-2 hours to obtain coupled magnetic powder;
(6) mixing: the rubber is milled on an open mill, and the open milling temperature is controlled at room temperature. After the sizing material uniformly wraps the roller, sequentially adding the coupled magnetic powder and dicumyl peroxide, uniformly mixing, and then thinly passing through for 1-3 times for sheet discharging;
(7) and (3) pressing and forming: placing the mixed rubber material for 12-24 h, then placing the mixed rubber material into a mold, heating the mixed rubber material, and forming the mixed rubber material in a flat vulcanizing machine, wherein the heating temperature is 160 ℃, the pressurizing time is 8min, and the pressurizing pressure is 3 MPa;
(8) demolding: demolding the molded magnet from the mold to obtain a rubber magnet;
the properties of the prepared rubber magnet are shown in table 1.
Example 4
Different from the example 2, the chemical composition of the pure high-abundance rare earth magnetic powder is changed, and the chemical formula of the example is [ (Ce ] is prepared 0.9 La 0.1 ) 0.6 Y 0.4 ] 16 Fe 77.5 B 6 Nb 0.5 Ga 1.2 Ge 0.9 Wherein the numbers represent the weight percentages of the respective components. The composition is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 parts of pure high-abundance rare earth magnetic powder, 10 parts of nitrile rubber, 0.9 part of coupling agent and 0.1 part of dicumyl peroxide.
The preparation method of the pure high-abundance rare earth rubber magnet comprises the following specific steps:
(1) according to the atomic ratio of the component [ (Ce) 0.9 La 0.1 ) 0.6 Y 0.4 ] 16 Fe 77.5 B 6 Nb 0.5 Ga 1.2 Ge 0.9 Preparing raw materials Ce, La, Y, Fe, FeB, Nb, Ga and Ge for later use, and mechanically polishing the rare earth elements La, Ce and Y before preparation to remove a surface oxide layer;
(2) alloy smelting: placing the raw materials in the step (1) in an argon arc smelting furnace according to the sequence of Ce, La, Y, Fe, FeB, Nb, Ga and Ge from the lower layer to the upper layer in sequence, smelting in argon with the purity of more than or equal to 99.999 percent for 2-3 minutes each time, performing turn-over operation after the smelting is finished, and repeating for 3-5 times repeatedly to finally obtain a master alloy with uniform components;
(3) melt rapid quenching: mechanically polishing the master alloy obtained in the step (2) to remove a surface oxide layer, mechanically crushing the master alloy into uniform small master alloy pieces, putting the small master alloy pieces into a quartz tube with small holes at the lower end, putting the quartz tube into a vacuum strip throwing machine, melting the small master alloy pieces to a molten state under an argon atmosphere with the purity of more than or equal to 99.999 percent, then spraying the molten alloy liquid onto the outer surface of a water-cooled copper roller with the rotating speed of 21m/s, rapidly cooling and solidifying the molten alloy liquid into nano-crystal rapidly quenched alloy with the thickness of 0.020-0.050 mm by the rotation of the copper roller, and finally mechanically crushing the nano-crystal rapidly quenched alloy into powder to obtain magnetic powder;
(4) magnetic powder heat treatment: carrying out heat treatment on the magnetic powder obtained in the step (3) under the protection of argon with the purity of more than or equal to 99.999 percent, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 600 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 12 min;
(5) magnetic powder coupling treatment: crushing the magnetic powder obtained after the heat treatment in the step (4) to obtain powder which is sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, adding the powder into acetone containing KH550, uniformly stirring at room temperature until the acetone is completely volatilized, and then placing in a forced air drying oven at 80 ℃ for 1-2 hours to obtain coupled magnetic powder;
(6) mixing: the rubber is milled on an open mill, and the open milling temperature is controlled at room temperature. After the sizing material uniformly wraps the roller, sequentially adding the coupled magnetic powder and dicumyl peroxide, uniformly mixing, and then thinly passing through for 1-3 times for sheet discharging;
(7) and (3) pressing and forming: placing the mixed rubber material for 12-24 h, then placing the mixed rubber material into a mold, heating the mixed rubber material, and forming the mixed rubber material in a flat vulcanizing machine, wherein the heating temperature is 160 ℃, the pressurizing time is 8min, and the pressurizing pressure is 3 MPa;
(8) demolding: demolding the molded magnet from the mold to obtain a rubber magnet;
the properties of the prepared rubber magnet are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 of the present application is example 3 in chinese invention patent application publication No. CN104505204A, and the magnetic properties of the rubber magnet are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 of the present application is comparative example 1 in chinese invention patent application publication No. CN104505204A, and the magnetic properties of the rubber magnet are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 3
In contrast to example 2, a commercial powder of NdFeB magnet having the designation MQP-B + was used, and this comparative example produced a powder of the formula Nd 26.4 Fe 67.6 Co 5 B, wherein the numerals represent the weight percentages of the respective components. The rubber magnet of this comparative example was composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 parts of NdFeB magnetic powder, 10 parts of nitrile rubber, 0.9 part of KH550 and 0.1 part of dicumyl peroxide.
The preparation method of the neodymium iron boron rubber magnet comprises the following specific steps:
(1) magnetic powder coupling treatment: the powder was sieved with a sieve to obtain a powder of 100 mesh. Adding the magnetic powder into acetone containing KH550, stirring uniformly at room temperature until the acetone is completely volatilized, and then placing in an air-blast drying oven at 80 ℃ for 1-2 h to obtain coupled magnetic powder;
(2) mixing: the rubber is milled on an open mill, and the open milling temperature is controlled at room temperature. After the sizing material uniformly wraps the roller, sequentially adding the coupled magnetic powder and dicumyl peroxide, uniformly mixing, and then thinly passing through for 1-3 times for sheet discharging;
(3) and (3) pressing and forming: placing the mixed rubber material for 12-24 h, then placing the mixed rubber material into a mold, heating the mixed rubber material, and forming the mixed rubber material in a flat vulcanizing machine, wherein the heating temperature is 160 ℃, the pressurizing time is 15min, and the pressurizing pressure is 3 MPa;
(4) demolding: the molded magnet was released from the mold to obtain a rubber magnet.
The results of the high temperature resistance of the rubber magnet are shown in table 2.
Comparative example 4
Unlike example 2, a commercial NdLaCeFeB magnetic powder of MQP-9-6.5HD was used, and the comparative example produced a powder of Nd formula 6 Pr 2 La 6.7 Ce 13.4 Fe 67.3 Zr 1.5 B 1.1 Wherein the numbers represent the weight percentages of the respective components. The rubber magnet of this comparative example was composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 parts of NdLaCeFeB magnetic powder, 10 parts of nitrile rubber, 0.9 part of KH550 and 0.1 part of dicumyl peroxide.
The preparation method of the neodymium iron boron rubber magnet containing lanthanum and cerium comprises the following specific steps:
(1) magnetic powder coupling treatment: screening the powder by using a screen to obtain powder which is screened by a 100-mesh sieve, adding the magnetic powder into acetone containing KH550, uniformly stirring at room temperature until the acetone is completely volatilized, and then placing in a forced air drying oven at 80 ℃ for 1-2 h.
(2) Mixing: the rubber is milled on an open mill, and the open milling temperature is controlled at room temperature. After the sizing material uniformly wraps the roller, sequentially adding the coupled magnetic powder and dicumyl peroxide, uniformly mixing, and then thinly passing through for 1-3 times for sheet discharging;
(3) and (3) pressing and forming: placing the mixed rubber material for 12-24 h, then placing the mixed rubber material into a mold, heating the mixed rubber material, and forming the mixed rubber material in a flat vulcanizing machine, wherein the heating temperature is 160 ℃, the pressurizing time is 15min, and the pressurizing pressure is 3 MPa;
(4) demolding: the molded magnet was released from the mold to obtain a rubber magnet.
The results of the high temperature resistance of the rubber magnet are shown in table 2.
TABLE 1 comparison of magnetic and mechanical Properties
Magnetic property: according to the magnetic test method of GB-T3217-2013 permanent magnetic (hard magnetic) materials, a comprehensive physical property measurement system (PPMS9) is adopted for measurement.
Mechanical properties: according to the GB/T1040-.
As can be seen from Table 1, the pure high-abundance rare earth rubber magnet of the invention has excellent hard magnetic performance, and the maximum magnetic energy product exceeds 1.5MGOe, which is higher than that of the existing ferrite rubber magnet. The magnetic powder filling ratio of example 1 was 83%, which was lower than the 91.5% magnetic powder filling ratio of comparative example 1 and the 91% magnetic powder filling ratio of comparative example 2, while having higher magnetic and mechanical properties in comparison. The examples 2-4 are rubber magnets with a filling rate of 90%, the maximum magnetic energy product of the examples reaches 2.98MGOe, the tensile strength is improved to 8.67MPa, and the rubber magnets have excellent magnetic performance and mechanical performance.
TABLE 2 high temperature resistance comparison
The high temperature resistance test refers to that the rubber magnet is placed in a blast drying oven at 80 ℃ for baking, the rubber magnet is taken out at intervals for performance test, the magnetic energy product of the magnet is recorded and compared with the magnetic energy product of the initial magnet.
As can be seen from table 2, the pure high-abundance rare earth rubber magnet of the present invention has a lower loss rate of magnetic properties and a higher thermal stability after being baked at 80 ℃ for a long time, compared to the Nd-containing rubber magnet. And the Nd-based rubber magnet has the magnetic performance attenuation amplitude of more than 10% under the condition of long-time baking at the temperature of 80 ℃.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A pure abundant rare earth rubber magnet is characterized in that: the magnetic powder is composed of coupled pure high-abundance rare earth magnetic powder, rubber and a vulcanizing agent, wherein the coupled pure high-abundance rare earth magnetic powder is 10-90 parts by weight, the rubber is 10 parts by weight, and the vulcanizing agent is 0.1-0.5 part by weight;
the pure high-abundance rare earth magnetic powder comprises the components of [ (Ce) according to atomic ratio a La 1-a ) b Y 1-b ] c Fe 95-c-d B 6 N d Wherein N is at least one of Nb, Al, Ga, Cu, Zr, Si, Ti and Ge, a ranges from 0.4 to 0.9, b ranges from 0.5 to 0.8, c ranges from 14 to 18, and d ranges from 0.1 to up to 0.92。
2. The pure high-abundance rare-earth rubber magnet according to claim 1, wherein:
the weight part of the coupled pure high-abundance rare earth magnetic powder is 50-90 parts;
the value range of a is 0.7-0.9, the value range of b is 0.6-0.8, the value range of c is 16-18, and the value range of d is 0.5-2.
3. A preparation method of a pure high-abundance rare earth rubber magnet is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps:
(1) preparing raw materials: prepared according to the atomic ratio of the components [ (Ce) a La 1-a ) b Y 1-b ] c Fe 95-c-d B 6 N d Raw materials of each element;
(2) alloy smelting: smelting under the protection of inert gas to finally obtain a master alloy with uniform components;
(3) melt rapid quenching: mechanically polishing the master alloy obtained in the step (2) to remove a surface oxide layer, mechanically crushing the master alloy into uniform small master alloy pieces, melting the master alloy pieces, rapidly cooling and solidifying the molten master alloy pieces, and finally mechanically crushing the master alloy pieces into powder to obtain magnetic powder;
(4) magnetic powder heat treatment: carrying out heat treatment on the magnetic powder obtained in the step (3) under the protection of argon with the purity of more than or equal to 99.999 percent;
(5) magnetic powder coupling treatment: crushing the magnetic powder subjected to heat treatment in the step (4) to obtain powder which is sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, adding the powder into an organic solvent containing a silane coupling agent, uniformly stirring at room temperature until the organic solvent is completely volatilized, and drying to obtain coupled magnetic powder;
(6) mixing: rubber is milled on a mixing device, the milling temperature is controlled at room temperature, after the rubber material is uniformly coated on a roller, the coupled magnetic powder and a vulcanizing agent are sequentially added, and the rubber is uniformly mixed and then thinly passed through for 1-3 times of sheet discharging;
(7) and (3) pressing and forming: placing the mixed rubber material for 12-24 h, then putting the rubber material into a mold for heating, and forming in a pressure device;
(8) demolding: the molded magnet was released from the mold to obtain a rubber magnet.
4. The method for preparing a pure high-abundance rare-earth rubber magnet according to claim 3, wherein: in the step (2), the inert gas is argon with the purity of more than or equal to 99.999 percent;
in the step (2), during smelting, each time of smelting is carried out for 2-3 minutes, and after the smelting is finished, the turnover operation is carried out, and the smelting is carried out repeatedly for 3-5 times.
5. The method for preparing a pure high-abundance rare-earth rubber magnet according to claim 3, wherein: in the step (3), the melting process is as follows: putting a small piece of mother alloy into a quartz tube with a small hole at the lower end, putting the quartz tube into a vacuum strip throwing machine, and melting the small piece of mother alloy to a molten state under the argon atmosphere with the purity of more than or equal to 99.999%;
in the step (3), the rapid cooling and solidifying process comprises the following steps: and (3) spraying the molten alloy liquid onto a water-cooled copper roller with the outer surface linear velocity of 10-50 m/s, and rapidly cooling and solidifying the molten alloy liquid into a nanocrystalline rapidly quenched alloy with the thickness of 0.020-0.050 mm by rotating the copper roller.
6. The method for preparing a pure high-abundance rare-earth rubber magnet according to claim 3, wherein: in the step (4), the heat treatment temperature is 500-700 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 5-15 min.
7. The method for preparing a pure high-abundance rare-earth rubber magnet according to claim 3, wherein: in the step (5), the mass part ratio of the pure high-abundance rare earth magnetic powder to the silane coupling agent to the organic solvent is 100 (0.5-1.5) to 30-50;
the silane coupling agent is one of KH550, KH560 and KH 570;
the organic solvent is at least one of acetone and ethanol;
the drying temperature is 60-120 ℃, and the drying time is 1-2 h.
8. The method for preparing a pure high-abundance rare-earth rubber magnet according to claim 3, wherein: in the step (6), the mixing device is at least one of an open mill, a calender and an internal mixer;
the rubber is Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR) with the acrylonitrile content of 31-46%;
the vulcanizing agent is one of dicumyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, 1-di-tert-butyl peroxide-3, 3, 5-trimethylcyclohexane and 1, 3-bis (tert-butyl peroxy isopropyl) benzene.
9. The method for preparing a pure high-abundance rare-earth rubber magnet according to claim 3, wherein:
in the step (7), the heating temperature is 130-180 ℃, the pressurizing time is 5-15 min, and the pressurizing pressure is 2-5 MPa; the pressure device is a flat vulcanizing machine.
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