CN109326404A - A kind of neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material and preparation method - Google Patents
A kind of neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109326404A CN109326404A CN201811247522.6A CN201811247522A CN109326404A CN 109326404 A CN109326404 A CN 109326404A CN 201811247522 A CN201811247522 A CN 201811247522A CN 109326404 A CN109326404 A CN 109326404A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/058—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IVa elements, e.g. Gd2Fe14C
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
- H01F41/0266—Moulding; Pressing
Abstract
The invention belongs to field of magnetic material more particularly to a kind of neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material and preparation methods.A kind of neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material, component including following parts by weight: 29-33 parts of praseodymium neodymium alloy, 3-6 parts of Dy-Fe alloy, 3-7 parts of ferro-boron, 0.6-0.8 parts of ferrocolumbium, 5-8 parts of yttrium iron alloy, 1.0-2.5 parts of nano silica, 0.1-0.3 parts of gallium, 0.5-1 parts of aluminium oxide, 1-2 parts of antioxidant, surplus is iron.A kind of neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material that the present invention obtains, its technical effect is that by increasing nano silica and ferrocolumbium in neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material, simultaneously on component proportion, based on praseodymium neodymium alloy, significantly improve Curie temperature, the coercivity for improving neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material, improves its application value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of magnetic material more particularly to a kind of neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material and preparation methods.
Background technique
Currently, the new material industry as new high-tech industry basis attracts attention.As new material industry important composition
Partial rare earth permanent-magnetic material, is widely used in the industries such as the energy, traffic, machinery, medical treatment, IT, household electrical appliances, and product is related to its people
Economic many fields, yield and dosage also become the weight for measuring national an overall national strength and national economic development level
One of indicate.Especially neodymium iron boron has a vast market foreground as third generation rare earth permanent-magnetic material, is mainly used in meter
Calculation machine disc driver, NMR imaging instrument and various audio equipments, microwave communication, magnetic machinery, household electrical appliance etc..Mesh
Before, neodymium iron boron industry also enters key developing period, and the yield of the neodymium iron boron in China has accounted for Gross World Product
About 40%.
Neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material, as rare earth permanent-magnetic material development latest result, due to its excellent magnetic property by
Referred to as " magnetic king ".Neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material is neodymium, the alloy of iron oxide etc..Also known as magnet steel.Neodymium iron boron has high magnetic energy product
With strong power, while obtains Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet material in modern industry and electronic technology and answering extensively
With, thus make it possible instrument and meter, electroacoustic motor, magnetic separation magnetization etc. equipment miniaturization, lightweight, slimming.Neodymium iron
The advantages of boron is cost performance height, has good mechanical property；It is disadvantageous in that the Curie temperature of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet is lower, together
When, the coercivity of this kind of magnet is relatively low, it is difficult to meet the demand of some pairs of more demanding products of magnetic behavior.Therefore necessary
By adjusting its chemical component, the requirement of practical application can be only achieved.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the lower defect of Curie temperature in the prior art, a kind of Neodymium iron boron magnetic material is provided
Material and preparation method.
A kind of neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material, the component including following parts by weight: 29-33 parts of praseodymium neodymium alloy, Dy-Fe alloy 3-6
Part, 3-7 parts of ferro-boron, 0.6-0.8 parts of ferrocolumbium, 5-8 parts of yttrium iron alloy, 1.0-2.5 parts of nano silica, gallium 0.1-
0.3 part, 0.5-1 parts of aluminium oxide, 1-2 parts of antioxidant, surplus is iron.
Specifically, the component including following parts by weight: 31 parts of praseodymium neodymium alloy, 5 parts of Dy-Fe alloy, 5 parts of ferro-boron, ferro-niobium
0.7 part of alloy, 6 parts of yttrium iron alloy, 2 parts of nano silica, 0.2 part of gallium, 0.8 part of aluminium oxide, 1.5 parts of antioxidant, surplus
For iron.
Specifically, the antioxidant be antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 1076 mixture, wherein antioxidant 1010 with
The weight fraction ratio of antioxidant 1076 is 1:1-3.
Specifically, the partial size of the silica is 45-80nm.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of methods for preparing neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material, comprising the following steps:
Step 1 ingredient: raw material are weighed according to the parts by weight of each component in neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material, and each component is mixed
It is combined, after mixing；
Step 2 molten alloy: the raw material that step 1 is prepared, which is put into intermediate frequency vacuum melting furnace, carries out melting, vacuumizes
1*10-1Pa controls melting furnace temperature within the scope of 1500-2000 DEG C, while being filled with inert gas into smelting furnace and being protected, and melts
Neodymium iron boron block is cooled into after refining；
Step 3 hydrogen is broken: by neodymium iron boron block be put into hydrogen crushing furnace carry out hydrogen it is quick-fried, vacuumize 1*10-1Pa, temperature control 250-300
DEG C, injection hydrogen inhales hydrogen 3h by raw material, then heats to 700-800 DEG C, carries out dehydrogenation, comes out of the stove after finally cooling down；
Step 4 powder: the product of step 3 is broken into the fine particle that granularity is 2-3 μm in airflow milling；
Step 5 oriented moulding: above-mentioned fine particle is mixed 5-8 hours in batch mixer, is put into mold, in magnetic field
Intensity is orientation and compression moulding, i.e. parison part in the magnetic field of 1.8T；
Step 6 sintering: the parison part in step 5 is placed under 500 DEG C of vacuum conditions pre-burning 2 hours, places into vacuum
In furnace in 1200 DEG C sintering 6-8 hours；
Step 7 tempering: at 800 DEG C after -1000 DEG C of heat preservations 5-8 hours, then at 500 DEG C -600 DEG C of heat preservations 5-8 hours, gas
After cold, cutting polishing carries out surface passivation again and coating is handled up to neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material finished product.
Specifically, in step 2 molten alloy, the inert gas poured is argon gas or nitrogen.
The beneficial effect of the present invention compared with the existing technology is:
1, Nd and B is added in Fe, Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetism main phase can be formed.Due to nanoscale silica (silica
Partial size be 45-80nm) with the common presence of ferrocolumbium so that nanometer titanium dioxide silicon components and Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetism main phase are multiple
Grain-Boundary Phase is synthesized, the permanent magnetism performance of alloy is on the one hand enhanced significantly, effectively improves the magnetic property of magnet, still further aspect is significant
Improve the coercivity performance of magnet；
2, on component proportion of the invention, the Curie temperature of final magnet obtained has reached 240 DEG C, significantly improves residence
In temperature, improve its application value；
3, due to the use of ferrocolumbium, the production technology cost of neodymium iron boron product is substantially reduced, is conducive to improve product
The quality of production and production efficiency；
4, due to the use of antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 1076, be conducive to the corrosion resistance for improving magnet；
5, neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material preparation method of the present invention substantially increases the coercivity of magnet, while magnet obtained
Curie temperature reached 240 DEG C, the scope of application has significant raising.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1
A kind of neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material, the component including following parts by weight: 29 parts of praseodymium neodymium alloy, 3 parts of Dy-Fe alloy, ferro-boron
3 parts of alloy, 0.6 part of ferrocolumbium, 5 parts of yttrium iron alloy, 1.0 parts of nano silica, 0.1 part of gallium, 0.5 part of aluminium oxide, antioxygen
1 part of agent, surplus is iron.Antioxidant is the mixture of antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 1076, wherein antioxidant 1010 and anti-
The weight fraction ratio of oxygen agent 1076 is 1:1, and the partial size of silica is 45nm.
A kind of preparation method of neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material, comprising the following steps:
Step 1 ingredient: raw material are weighed according to the parts by weight of each component in neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material, and each component is mixed
It is combined, after mixing；
Step 2 molten alloy: the raw material that step 1 is prepared, which is put into intermediate frequency vacuum melting furnace, carries out melting, vacuumizes
1*10-1Pa controls melting furnace temperature within the scope of 1500 DEG C, while being filled with argon gas into smelting furnace and being protected, cooling after melting
Form neodymium iron boron block；
Step 3 hydrogen is broken: by neodymium iron boron block be put into hydrogen crushing furnace carry out hydrogen it is quick-fried, vacuumize 1*10-1Pa, 250 DEG C of temperature control, note
Enter hydrogen and inhale hydrogen 3h by raw material, then heat to 700 DEG C, carry out dehydrogenation, comes out of the stove after finally cooling down；
Step 4 powder: the product of step 3 is broken into the fine particle that granularity is 2 μm in airflow milling；
Step 5 oriented moulding: above-mentioned fine particle being mixed 5 hours in batch mixer, is put into mold, strong in magnetic field
Degree is orientation and compression moulding, i.e. parison part in the magnetic field of 1.8T；
Step 6 sintering: the parison part in step 5 is placed under 500 DEG C of vacuum conditions pre-burning 2 hours, places into vacuum
It is sintered 6 hours in furnace in 1200 DEG C；
Step 7 tempering: 800 DEG C keep the temperature 5 hours after, then at 500 DEG C keep the temperature 5 hours, after air cooling, cutting polishing again into
Row surface passivation and coating are handled up to neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material finished product 1.The coating of product surface generally has zinc-plated, nickel, environmental protection
One of zinc, environmentally friendly nickel, ambrose alloy nickel, environmentally friendly ambrose alloy nickel are several.
The performance of the resulting neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material of the present embodiment 1 is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 2
A kind of neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material, the component including following parts by weight: 31 parts of praseodymium neodymium alloy, 5 parts of Dy-Fe alloy, ferro-boron
It is 5 parts of alloy, 0.7 part of ferrocolumbium, 6 parts of yttrium iron alloy, 2 parts of nano silica, 0.2 part of gallium, 0.8 part of aluminium oxide, anti-oxidant
1.5 parts of agent, surplus is iron.Antioxidant is the mixture of antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 1076, wherein antioxidant 1010 and anti-
The weight fraction ratio of oxygen agent 1076 is 1:2, and the partial size of silica is 60nm.
A kind of preparation method of neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material, comprising the following steps:
Step 1 ingredient: raw material are weighed according to the parts by weight of each component in neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material, and each component is mixed
It is combined, after mixing；
Step 2 molten alloy: the raw material that step 1 is prepared, which is put into intermediate frequency vacuum melting furnace, carries out melting, vacuumizes
1*10-1Pa controls melting furnace temperature within the scope of 1800 DEG C, while being filled with nitrogen into smelting furnace and being protected, cooling after melting
Form neodymium iron boron block；
Step 3 hydrogen is broken: by neodymium iron boron block be put into hydrogen crushing furnace carry out hydrogen it is quick-fried, vacuumize 1*10-1Pa, 280 DEG C of temperature control, note
Enter hydrogen and inhale hydrogen 3h by raw material, then heat to 750 DEG C, carry out dehydrogenation, comes out of the stove after finally cooling down；
Step 4 powder: the product of step 3 is broken into the fine particle that granularity is 2.3 μm in airflow milling；
Step 5 oriented moulding: above-mentioned fine particle being mixed 7 hours in batch mixer, is put into mold, strong in magnetic field
Degree is orientation and compression moulding, i.e. parison part in the magnetic field of 1.8T；
Step 6 sintering: the parison part in step 5 is placed under 500 DEG C of vacuum conditions pre-burning 2 hours, places into vacuum
It is sintered 7 hours in furnace in 1200 DEG C；
Step 7 tempering: 900 DEG C keep the temperature 6 hours after, then at 550 DEG C keep the temperature 6 hours, after air cooling, cutting polishing again into
Row surface passivation and coating are handled up to neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material finished product 2.The coating of product surface generally has zinc-plated, nickel, environmental protection
One of zinc, environmentally friendly nickel, ambrose alloy nickel, environmentally friendly ambrose alloy nickel are several.
The performance of the resulting neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material of the present embodiment 2 is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 3
A kind of neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material, the component including following parts by weight: 33 parts of praseodymium neodymium alloy, 6 parts of Dy-Fe alloy, ferro-boron
It is 7 parts of alloy, 0.8 part of ferrocolumbium, 8 parts of yttrium iron alloy, 2.5 parts of nano silica, 0.3 part of gallium, 1 part of aluminium oxide, anti-oxidant
2 parts of agent, surplus is iron.Antioxidant is the mixture of antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 1076, wherein antioxidant 1010 and antioxygen
The weight fraction ratio of agent 1076 is 1:3, and the partial size of silica is 80nm.
A kind of preparation method of neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material, comprising the following steps:
Step 1 ingredient: raw material are weighed according to the parts by weight of each component in neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material, and each component is mixed
It is combined, after mixing；
Step 2 molten alloy: the raw material that step 1 is prepared, which is put into intermediate frequency vacuum melting furnace, carries out melting, vacuumizes
1*10-1Pa controls melting furnace temperature within the scope of 2000 DEG C, while being filled with argon gas into smelting furnace and being protected, cooling after melting
Form neodymium iron boron block；
Step 3 hydrogen is broken: by neodymium iron boron block be put into hydrogen crushing furnace carry out hydrogen it is quick-fried, vacuumize 1*10-1Pa, 300 DEG C of temperature control, note
Enter hydrogen and inhale hydrogen 3h by raw material, then heat to 800 DEG C, carry out dehydrogenation, comes out of the stove after finally cooling down；
Step 4 powder: the product of step 3 is broken into the fine particle that granularity is 3 μm in airflow milling；
Step 5 oriented moulding: above-mentioned fine particle being mixed 8 hours in batch mixer, is put into mold, strong in magnetic field
Degree is orientation and compression moulding, i.e. parison part in the magnetic field of 1.8T；
Step 6 sintering: the parison part in step 5 is placed under 500 DEG C of vacuum conditions pre-burning 2 hours, places into vacuum
It is sintered 8 hours in furnace in 1200 DEG C；
Step 7 tempering: 1000 DEG C keep the temperature 8 hours after, then at 600 DEG C keep the temperature 8 hours, after air cooling, cutting polishing again into
Row surface passivation and coating are handled up to neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material finished product 3.The coating of product surface generally has zinc-plated, nickel, environmental protection
One of zinc, environmentally friendly nickel, ambrose alloy nickel, environmentally friendly ambrose alloy nickel are several.
Comparative example 1
The component of the neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material of comparative example 1 and the component of the neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material of embodiment 1 are essentially identical,
The difference is that: 1.0 parts of nano silica will be removed in the component of the parts by weight of the neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material of embodiment 1,
Other components remain unchanged the component of the parts by weight of the neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material to get comparative example 1.
The preparation method of the neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material of the preparation method and embodiment 1 of the neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material of comparative example 1
It is identical, it is final to obtain neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material finished product 4.
Comparative example 2
The component of the neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material of comparative example 2 and the component of the neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material of embodiment 1 are essentially identical,
The difference is that: 0.6 part of ferrocolumbium will be removed in the component of the parts by weight of the neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material of embodiment 1, other
Component remains unchanged the component of the parts by weight of the neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material to get comparative example 2.
The preparation method of the neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material of the preparation method and embodiment 1 of the neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material of comparative example 2
It is identical, it is final to obtain neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material finished product 5.
The Neodymium iron boron magnetic with NIM-10000H rare earth permanent magnet nondestructive test instrument prepared by embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-2
Finished material carries out magnetism testing respectively, and test result is referring to the following table 1.
1 neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material performance table of table
As it can be seen from table 1 a kind of neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material that the present invention obtains, its technical effect is that by neodymium iron boron
Increase nano silica and ferrocolumbium in magnetic material, while on component proportion, based on praseodymium neodymium alloy, significantly improving
Curie temperature improves the coercivity of neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material, improves its application value.
The above is only section Examples of the invention, not do limitation in any form to the present invention, it is all according to
According to any simple modification that technical spirit of the invention makees above-described embodiment, equivalent variations and modification belong to the present invention
In technical proposal scope.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material, which is characterized in that the component including following parts by weight: 29-33 parts of praseodymium neodymium alloy, dysprosium iron
3-6 parts of alloy, 3-7 parts of ferro-boron, 0.6-0.8 parts of ferrocolumbium, 5-8 parts of yttrium iron alloy, nano silica 1.0-2.5
Part, 0.1-0.3 parts of gallium, 0.5-1 parts of aluminium oxide, 1-2 parts of antioxidant, surplus is iron.
2. neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material according to claim 1: it is characterized by comprising the components of following parts by weight: praseodymium neodymium
31 parts of alloy, 5 parts of Dy-Fe alloy, 5 parts of ferro-boron, 0.7 part of ferrocolumbium, 6 parts of yttrium iron alloy, 2 parts of nano silica, gallium
0.2 part, 0.8 part of aluminium oxide, 1.5 parts of antioxidant, surplus is iron.
3. neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material according to claim 1 or 2: it is characterized by: the antioxidant is antioxidant
1010 with the mixture of antioxidant 1076, wherein the weight fraction ratio of antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 1076 is 1:1-3.
4. neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material according to claim 1 or 2: it is characterized by: the partial size of the silica is 45-
80nm。
5. a kind of method for preparing neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material as described in claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1 ingredient: raw material are weighed according to the parts by weight of each component in neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material, and each component is blended in
Together, after mixing；
Step 2 molten alloy: the raw material that step 1 is prepared, which is put into intermediate frequency vacuum melting furnace, carries out melting, vacuumizes 1*10- 1Pa controls melting furnace temperature within the scope of 1500-2000 DEG C, while being filled with inert gas into smelting furnace and being protected, after melting
It is cooled into neodymium iron boron block；
Step 3 hydrogen is broken: by neodymium iron boron block be put into hydrogen crushing furnace carry out hydrogen it is quick-fried, vacuumize 1*10-1Pa, 250-300 DEG C of temperature control, note
Enter hydrogen and inhale hydrogen 3h by raw material, then heat to 700-800 DEG C, carry out dehydrogenation, comes out of the stove after finally cooling down；
Step 4 powder: the product of step 3 is broken into the fine particle that granularity is 2-3 μm in airflow milling；
Step 5 oriented moulding: above-mentioned fine particle is mixed 5-8 hours in batch mixer, is put into mold, in magnetic field strength
For orientation and compression moulding, i.e. parison part in the magnetic field of 1.8T；
Step 6 sintering: the parison part in step 5 is placed under 500 DEG C of vacuum conditions pre-burning 2 hours, is placed into vacuum drying oven
In 1200 DEG C sintering 6-8 hours；
Step 7 tempering: at 800 DEG C after -1000 DEG C of heat preservations 5-8 hours, then at 500 DEG C -600 DEG C of heat preservations 5-8 hours, after air cooling,
Cutting polishing carries out surface passivation again and coating is handled up to neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material finished product.
6. the preparation method of neodymium-iron-boron magnetic material according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: in step 2 molten alloy
In, the inert gas poured is argon gas or nitrogen.
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| CN111933374A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-11-13 | 宁波元辰新材料有限公司 | Sintered neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112481543A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-03-12 | 胡建青 | High-performance neodymium iron boron material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112481543A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-03-12 | 胡建青 | High-performance neodymium iron boron material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN109326404B (en) | 2020-03-31 |
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