CN114861510A - Particle omni-directional energy spectrum incidence method based on Geant4 - Google Patents
Particle omni-directional energy spectrum incidence method based on Geant4 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114861510A CN114861510A CN202210332806.5A CN202210332806A CN114861510A CN 114861510 A CN114861510 A CN 114861510A CN 202210332806 A CN202210332806 A CN 202210332806A CN 114861510 A CN114861510 A CN 114861510A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- source
- energy spectrum
- geant4
- sphere
- particle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005315 distribution function Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001429 stepping effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- JJWKPURADFRFRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonyl sulfide Chemical compound O=C=S JJWKPURADFRFRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000191 radiation effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/25—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using particle-based methods
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2111/00—Details relating to CAD techniques
- G06F2111/10—Numerical modelling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a particle omni-directional energy spectrum incidence method based on Geant4, which comprises the following steps: determining the position and the direction distribution of an omnidirectional incident source through uniform sampling of a spherical source and a ray direction decision function; uniformly sampling the probability distribution function dependent variable of the energy spectrum of the space orbit particles to be simulated, and mapping the probability distribution function dependent variable to a corresponding energy spectrum value to determine the energy distribution of a source; and judging whether the current particles hit the sample or not according to step position information of each particle in the transportation process, and determining the number of the effective particles. The method realizes the omnidirectional energy spectrum incident simulation of the particles based on the Geant4, and provides theoretical support for developing the study on the difference of the space radiation environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of particle transport numerical simulation, and particularly relates to a particle omni-directional energy spectrum incidence method based on Geant 4.
Background
The space radiation environment is a main environmental cause causing the performance degradation and even failure of the aerospace devices, and mainly comes from solar cosmic rays, silver river cosmic rays and star capture radiation bands.
In order to objectively evaluate the reliability of a spacecraft, the space radiation effect of the spacecraft is mainly simulated by a ground radiation source, but a ground simulation test environment and a space radiation environment have many differences. These differences are mainly: a temporal scale, a spatial scale, an energy scale, and a particle species. On the time scale, the spacecraft is in service in space, the service time is several months as few as several decades as long as ten years, and the ground can only adopt a short-time acceleration test method and cannot adopt too long time; on the space scale, space particles are incident from all directions, and the ground simulation test is usually unidirectional; in the aspect of energy scale, the energy of the space particles obeys the particle energy spectrum of the corresponding orbit, the energy range is from kilo-electron volt to giga-electron volt, and the energy of the ground test particles is single; in terms of particle species, space particles include protons, electrons, heavy ions, and the like, and ground simulation tests mainly use a single species of particles.
The particle transport numerical simulation can make up for the defects caused by the limitation of ground simulation test conditions to a certain extent, and the key for accurately evaluating the radiation resistance of the spacecraft is how to accurately reflect the characteristics of the space radiation environment in the numerical simulation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a particle omnidirectional energy spectrum incidence method based on Geant4, which innovatively provides a particle omnidirectional incidence method, and the particle energy can obey the particle energy spectrum of different spatial orbits, so as to provide technical support for analyzing the spatial difference and the energy difference in the space radiation difference.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a particle omnidirectional energy spectrum incidence method based on Geant4 determines the position and direction distribution of an omnidirectional incidence source through uniform sampling of a spherical source and a ray direction decision function; uniformly sampling the probability distribution function dependent variable of the space orbit particle energy spectrum to be simulated, and mapping to a corresponding energy spectrum value to determine the energy distribution of a source; judging whether the current particles hit the sample or not according to step position information of each particle transportation process, and determining the number of effective particles; finally, modeling of particle omnidirectional energy spectrum incidence is completed, and theoretical support is provided for development of open space radiation environment difference research; the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: constructing a particle omnidirectional energy spectrum incident source item model in a Geant4 source item module, wherein the model comprises position information, direction information and energy information of a source item; the detailed steps are as follows:
step 1-1: the source item of omnidirectional incidence is a spherical source, a spherical surface (hereinafter referred to as a sphere 1) is constructed through uniformly distributed random variables provided by Geant4 and a polar coordinate equation of the sphere, and the position of the source is determined; the specific method comprises the following steps:
θ 1 ＝π×G4UniformRand()
z 1 ＝R 1 ×cos(θ 1 )
g4Uniformrand () is a standard uniformly distributed random variable, R, provided by Geant4 1 ,θ 1 ,
Is the polar coordinate, x, of the sphere 1 1 ,y 1 ,z 1 Is the rectangular coordinate of the ball 1. A detector model is placed in the center of the sphere 1, and the sphere 1 needs to be capable of containing the detector model and have the smallest sphere radius; determining the location of the source as (x) according to the method described above 1 ,y 1 ,z 1 )；
Step 1-2: constructing an auxiliary spherical surface (hereinafter referred to as a sphere 2) by using uniformly distributed random variables provided by Geant4 and a polar coordinate equation of the sphere, and determining the direction of a source by using the sphere 2 and a direction decision function; the specific method comprises the following steps:
θ 22 ＝π×G4UniformRand()
z 22 ＝R 22 ×cos(θ 22 )
x 2 ＝x 1 +x 22 ,y 2 ＝y 1 +y 2 ,z 2 ＝z 1 +z 22
f(R 1 ,x 1 ,x 2 ,y 1 ,y 2 ,z 1 ,z 2 )＝R 1 2 -(x 1 x 2 +y 1 y 2 +z 1 z 2 )
R 2 ,θ 22 ,
is the relative polar coordinate, x, of the sphere 2 22 ,y 22 ,z 22 Is the relative rectangular coordinate, x, of the ball 2 2 ,y 2 ,z 2 Is an absolute rectangular seat of the ball 2And f is a direction decision function. The radius of the ball 2 can be arbitrarily chosen. When f is more than or equal to 0, the direction of the source is (x) 1 ,y 1 ,z 1 ) Direction (x) 2 ,y 2 ,z 2 ) When f < 0, the direction of the source is defined by (x) 2 ,y 2 ,z 2 ) Direction (x) 1 ,y 1 ,z 1 )；
Step 1-3: the method comprises the steps that (1) uniform sampling of 0-1 is achieved through G4Uniformrand (), a probability distribution function of a space orbit particle energy spectrum to be simulated is determined, dependent variables of the probability distribution function are uniformly sampled and then mapped to corresponding energy spectrum values, and therefore energy of a source is determined;
step 2: in data statistics modules SteppingAction, EventAction and RunAction provided by Geant4, judging whether the current particles hit a sample or not through a geometric body judgment function where the current step of the particles is provided by Geant4, determining the number of effective particles, if so, setting the particle count to 1 in the EventAction, otherwise, setting 0, and accumulating the result and counting in the RunAction.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the particle omnidirectional energy spectrum incidence model constructed based on the Geant4 can be used for developing the single-energy omnidirectional incidence simulation of the particles, and the influence of the direction difference of the air-ground radiation environment on a sample can be analyzed by comparing the single-energy omnidirectional incidence simulation with the single-energy unidirectional incidence simulation.
2. The particle omni-directional energy spectrum incidence model constructed based on the Geant4 can be used for carrying out the energy spectrum omni-directional incidence simulation of the particles, and the influence of the energy difference of the open space radiation environment on a sample can be analyzed by comparing the energy spectrum omni-directional incidence simulation with the single energy omni-directional model.
3. The statistics of the number of effective particles is embedded in the particle omnidirectional energy spectrum incidence model, and the requirement of particle flux statistics in the space radiation effect is met.
4. The particle omnidirectional energy spectrum incident model constructed based on the Geant4 can realize the omnidirectional incident simulation of the energy spectrum of different particles of space orbits, makes up the defects caused by the limitation of ground simulation test conditions to a certain extent, and provides theoretical support for the development of the difference research of the open space radiation environment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a particle omni-directional energy spectrum incidence method.
Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating a direction decision function of a source.
FIG. 3 is a probability distribution function of a geosynchronous orbit proton energy spectrum.
Fig. 4 is a visualization diagram of Geant4 of the particle omni-directional energy spectrum incidence model.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a particle omni-directional energy spectrum incidence method, which is specifically described below with reference to the examples, and includes the following steps:
step 1: building a Geant4 platform, and creating a management module for initializing a detection structure class, a physical process class, a loading command and visual management;
step 2: a detector model is built in a Geant4 detector structure module, and comprises structure, size, material and position information of a detector. In this case, the detector model is a rectangular GaAs sheet with dimensions of 1cm × 1cm × 1mm and a central coordinate of (0,0, 0);
and step 3: the physical processes involved in particle transport are built in the Geant4 physical process module. In this case, the physical process uses a QBC physical model provided by Geant4, and the model is suitable for simulation of medical and space radiation environments;
and 4, step 4: and constructing a particle omni-directional energy spectrum incident source item model in a Geant4 source item module, wherein the model comprises position information, direction information and energy information of a source item. The detailed steps are as follows:
step 4-1: the source term of omnidirectional incidence is a spherical source, a sphere (hereinafter referred to as sphere 1) is constructed by uniformly distributed random variables provided by Geant4 and the polar equation of the sphere, and the position of the source is determined. The specific method comprises the following steps:
θ 1 ＝π×G4UniformRand()
z 1 ＝R 1 ×cos(θ 1 )
g4Uniformrand () is a standard uniformly distributed random variable, R, provided by Geant4 1 ,θ 1 ,
Is the polar coordinate, x, of the sphere 1 1 ,y 1 ,z 1 Is the rectangular coordinate of the ball 1. The center of the sphere 1 is placed with the detector model, and the sphere 1 needs to be able to contain the detector model and the sphere radius as small as possible. Determining the location of the source as (x) according to the method described above 1 ,y 1 ,z 1 )；
Step 4-2: an auxiliary sphere (hereafter sphere 2) is constructed from the uniformly distributed random variables provided by Geant4 and the polar equation of the sphere, and the direction of the source is determined from sphere 2 and the direction decision function. The specific method comprises the following steps:
θ 22 ＝π×G4UniformRand()
z 22 ＝R 22 ×cos(θ 22 )
x 2 ＝x 1 +x 22 ,y 2 ＝y 1 +y 2 ,z 2 ＝z 1 +z 22
f(R 1 ,x 1 ,x 2 ,y 1 ,y 2 ,z 1 ,z 2 )＝R 1 2 -(x 1 x 2 +y 1 y 2 +z 1 z 2 )
R 2 ,θ 22 ,
is the relative polar coordinate, x, of the sphere 2 22 ,y 22 ,z 22 Is the relative rectangular coordinate, x, of the ball 2 2 ,y 2 ,z 2 Is the absolute rectangular coordinate of the sphere 2 and f is the direction decision function. The radius of the ball 2 can be arbitrarily chosen. When f is more than or equal to 0, the direction of the source is from (x) 1 ,y 1 ,z 1 ) Direction (x) 2 ,y 2 ,z 2 ) When f < 0, the direction of the source is defined by (x) 2 ,y 2 ,z 2 ) Direction (x) 1 ,y 1 ,z 1 ) The direction decision function is specified as follows:
as shown in fig. 2, the center of the ball 1: o (0,0,0), uniform sampling point of sphere 1 face: a (x) 1 ,y 1 ,z 1 ). Ball 2 center: a (x) 1 ,y 1 ,z 1 ) And 2, uniform sampling points of the ball surface: p (x) 2 ,y 2 ,z 2 ). Alpha is the tangent plane of the ball 1 at point a,
the angle of the T plane alpha is larger than the angle of the T plane alpha,
the surface alpha is intersected with the surface alpha at the point B. Point a is the position coordinate of the source, and in order to ensure that all particles can pass through the sphere 1, let
Determine function for direction of source:
f(R 1 ,x 1 ,x 2 ,y 1 ,y 2 ,z 1 ,z 2 )＝R 1 2 -(x 1 x 2 +y 1 y 2 +z 1 z 2 )
when in use
And
in the same direction, i.e. when f is greater than or equal to 0, the direction of the source is
When in use
And
in the reverse direction, i.e. f<At 0, the direction of the source is
Step 4-3: the method comprises the steps of realizing uniform sampling of 0-1 through G4Uniformrand (), determining a probability distribution function of a space orbit particle energy spectrum to be simulated, uniformly sampling dependent variables of the probability distribution function, and mapping to corresponding energy spectrum values, so that energy of a source is determined. In this case, R 1 Taking 1.5cm, enabling the sphere center of the sphere 1 to coincide with the center of the detector model, wherein the energy spectrum is a geosynchronous orbit proton energy spectrum, and the probability distribution function of the geosynchronous orbit proton energy spectrum is shown in figure 3;
and 5: in data statistics modules SteppingAction, EventAction and RunAction provided by Geant4, judging whether the current particles hit a sample or not through a geometric body judgment function where the current step of the particles is provided by Geant4, determining the number of effective particles, if so, setting the particle count to 1 in the EventAction, otherwise, setting 0, and accumulating the result and counting in the RunAction. In this case, the number of incident particles is 100000, and the effective particle number accounts for 24.53%;
step 6: the management module organizes and compiles to generate an executable file, and the omnidirectional energy spectrum incidence simulation of the particles can be realized by operating the executable file. Fig. 4 is a visualization result of Geant4 in this case.
The above description is further provided for the specific scheme of the omnidirectional energy spectrum incidence method of the particles, and the detailed description is not given to the common general knowledge of the skilled person.
Claims (1)
1. A particle omni-directional energy spectrum incidence method based on Geant4 is characterized in that:
determining the position and the direction distribution of an omnidirectional incident source through uniform sampling of a spherical source and a ray direction decision function; uniformly sampling the probability distribution function dependent variable of the energy spectrum of the space orbit particles to be simulated, and mapping the probability distribution function dependent variable to a corresponding energy spectrum value to determine the energy distribution of a source; judging whether the current particles hit the sample or not according to step position information of each particle transportation process, and determining the number of effective particles; finally, modeling of particle omnidirectional energy spectrum incidence is completed, and theoretical support is provided for development of air-ground radiation environment difference research; the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: constructing a particle omnidirectional energy spectrum incident source item model in a Geant4 source item module, wherein the model comprises position information, direction information and energy information of a source item; the detailed steps are as follows:
step 1-1: the omnidirectional incident source item is a spherical source, a spherical surface is constructed through uniformly distributed random variables provided by Geant4 and a polar coordinate equation of the spherical surface, the spherical surface is called as a sphere 1 below, and the position of the source is determined; the specific method comprises the following steps:
θ 1 ＝π×G4UniformRand()
Z 1 ＝R 1 ×cos(θ t )
g4Uniformrand () is a standard uniformly distributed random variable, R, provided by Geant4 1 ,θ 1 ,φ 1 Is the polar coordinate, x, of the sphere 1 1 ,y 1 ,z 1 Is the rectangular coordinate of the ball 1; a detector model is placed in the center of the sphere 1, and the sphere 1 needs to be capable of containing the detector model and have the smallest sphere radius; determining the location of the source as (x) 1 ,y 1 ,z 1 )；
Step 1-2: constructing an auxiliary spherical surface, referred to as a sphere 2 below, by using uniformly distributed random variables provided by Geant4 and a polar coordinate equation of the sphere, and determining the direction of a source by using the sphere 2 and a direction decision function; the specific method comprises the following steps:
θ 22 ＝π×G4UniformRand()
z 22 ＝R 22 ×cos(θ 22 )
x 2 ＝x 1 +x 22 ，y 2 ＝y 1 +y 2 ，z 2 ＝z 1 +z 22
f(R 1 ，x 1 ，x 2 ，y 1 ，y 2 ，z 1 ，z 2 )＝R 1 2 -(x 1 x 2 +y 1 y 2 +z 1 z 2 )
R 2 ，θ 22 ，φ 22 is the relative polar coordinate, x, of the sphere 2 22 ，y 22 ，z 22 Is the relative rectangular coordinate, x, of the ball 2 2 ，y 2 ，z 2 Is the absolute rectangular coordinate of the sphere 2, and f is the direction decision function; the radius of the ball 2 can be selected arbitrarily; when f is more than or equal to 0, the direction of the source is (x) 1 ，y 1 ，z 1 ) Direction (x) 2 ，y 2 ，z 2 ) When f < 0, the direction of the source is defined by (x) 2 ，y 2 ，z 2 ) Direction (x) 1 ，y 1 ，z 1 )；
Step 1-3: uniformly sampling 0-1 by G4Uniformrand (), determining a probability distribution function of a space orbit particle energy spectrum to be simulated, uniformly sampling dependent variables of the probability distribution function, and mapping to corresponding energy spectrum values to determine the energy of a source;
step 2: in data statistics modules SteppingAction, EventAction and RunAction provided by Geant4, judging whether the current particles hit a sample or not through a geometric body judgment function where the current step of the particles is provided by Geant4, determining the number of effective particles, if so, setting the particle count to 1 in the EventAction, otherwise, setting 0, and accumulating the result and counting in the RunAction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210332806.5A CN114861510B (en) | 2022-03-31 | 2022-03-31 | Geant 4-based particle omnidirectional energy spectrum incidence method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210332806.5A CN114861510B (en) | 2022-03-31 | 2022-03-31 | Geant 4-based particle omnidirectional energy spectrum incidence method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114861510A true CN114861510A (en) | 2022-08-05 |
| CN114861510B CN114861510B (en) | 2024-04-09 |
Family
ID=82629651
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210332806.5A Active CN114861510B (en) | 2022-03-31 | 2022-03-31 | Geant 4-based particle omnidirectional energy spectrum incidence method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114861510B (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004170107A (en) * | 2002-11-18 | 2004-06-17 | Natl Inst Of Radiological Sciences | Method for obtaining omnidirectional radiation spectrum distribution |
| KR101689631B1 (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2016-12-27 | 한국 천문 연구원 | Analysis system for aviation radiation dose |
| CN109657370A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-04-19 | 北京航空航天大学 | The space of aerospace electron product radiates reliability estimation method |
| CN113536651A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-10-22 | 中科超精(南京)科技有限公司 | Radiation source intensity reconstruction method based on reverse particle transport |
-
2022
- 2022-03-31 CN CN202210332806.5A patent/CN114861510B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004170107A (en) * | 2002-11-18 | 2004-06-17 | Natl Inst Of Radiological Sciences | Method for obtaining omnidirectional radiation spectrum distribution |
| KR101689631B1 (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2016-12-27 | 한국 천문 연구원 | Analysis system for aviation radiation dose |
| CN109657370A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-04-19 | 北京航空航天大学 | The space of aerospace electron product radiates reliability estimation method |
| CN113536651A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-10-22 | 中科超精(南京)科技有限公司 | Radiation source intensity reconstruction method based on reverse particle transport |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 李树;邓力;田东风;李刚;: "基于能量密度分布的辐射源粒子空间抽样方法研究", 物理学报, no. 23, 8 December 2014 (2014-12-08) * |
| 王一迪;张书源;李占鹏;汤薇;李想;孙亮;: "基于Geant4-DNA工具包的单能电子微剂量学模拟研究", 辐射防护通讯, no. 04, 20 August 2019 (2019-08-20) * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114861510B (en) | 2024-04-09 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Ayzenberg et al. | Black hole shadow as a test of general relativity: quadratic gravity | |
| Di Marco et al. | Handling the background in IXPE polarimetric data | |
| CN108008289B (en) | Method for obtaining device proton single event effect cross section | |
| Leblanc et al. | Mars heavy ion precipitating flux as measured by Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN | |
| Junior et al. | High energy and thermal neutron sensitivity of google tensor processing units | |
| Hara et al. | Evidence for crustal magnetic field control of ions precipitating into the upper atmosphere of Mars | |
| Ruffenach et al. | A new technique based on convolutional neural networks to measure the energy of protons and electrons with a single Timepix detector | |
| CN114861510A (en) | Particle omni-directional energy spectrum incidence method based on Geant4 | |
| CN108827279B (en) | Simulated sun sensor anti-interference method based on earth albedo | |
| Ohishi et al. | Effect of the uncertainty in the hadronic interaction models on the estimation of the sensitivity of the Cherenkov telescope array | |
| Zhao et al. | Gecam localization of high-energy transients and the systematic error | |
| Maldonado et al. | A review of instrument techniques to measure magnetospheric cold electrons and ions | |
| Nam et al. | Development and characterization of tissue equivalent proportional counter for radiation monitoring in international space station | |
| Kerr | Likelihood methods for the detection and characterization of gamma-ray pulsars with the Fermi Large Area Telescope | |
| CN113283084A (en) | Method and system for selecting and using model of Galaxy cosmic ray | |
| Fiandrini et al. | Leptons with E> 200 MeV trapped in the Earth's radiation belts | |
| Serre et al. | Optimization using Monte Carlo calculations of a Bonner sphere spectrometer extended to high energies for the neutron environments characterization | |
| Moiseenko et al. | The TOTEM-E Electron Spectrometer for the Strannik Space Mission | |
| Zhou et al. | The cusp: a window for particle exchange between the radiation belt and the solar wind | |
| Dutton et al. | Simulation of proton-induced transients on visible and infrared focal plane arrays in a space environment | |
| Maki | 2-1-5 Space Radiation Effect on Satellites," | |
| O’Brien et al. | AE9/AP9 internal charging kernel utility-beam-slab geometry adapted to hemispherical shell for aluminum shields | |
| Laakso et al. | Electron density distribution in the magnetosphere | |
| Günther et al. | Energy spectra of HZE-particles inside the International Space Station | |
| Shin et al. | Energy-resolved detection of precipitating electrons of 30-100 keV by a sounding rocket associated with dayside chorus waves |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |