CN114861433B - Simulation device capable of simulating rutting of asphalt pavement under longitudinal slope condition - Google Patents
Simulation device capable of simulating rutting of asphalt pavement under longitudinal slope condition Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009828 non-uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003190 viscoelastic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simulation device capable of simulating rutting of an asphalt pavement under a longitudinal slope condition, which comprises the following components: the model building unit is used for building a wheel model and an asphalt pavement model in the simulator, wherein the included angle between the whole asphalt pavement model and the horizontal plane is adjustable within a certain range, and the gradient of an actual longitudinal slope is simulated; the deformation calculation unit is used for setting a bidirectional load applied to the wheel, and the model is correspondingly deformed according to the set road gradient, road pressure parameters, wheel deformation coefficient and load gravity coefficient under the stress of interaction of the two models; the slice detection unit is used for slicing the model and obtaining the shape of the accurate model contact position; and the track generation unit is used for determining the track depth and generating tracks. The invention can be used for modeling ruts under the condition of longitudinal slopes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rut modeling, in particular to a simulation device capable of simulating ruts of an asphalt pavement under a longitudinal slope condition.
Background
At present, an asphalt mixture rut test is used for evaluating rut resistance of an asphalt mixture, a rut test piece is always in a horizontal state, the round trip rolling speed is 21 round trips/min, the test temperature is 60 ℃, and a dynamic stability evaluation index is adopted. However, standard rut test conditions cannot simulate the load pattern under longitudinal slope conditions.
Rutting is a deformation effect accumulated for a plurality of times in a long time, and a great deal of time and energy are consumed in practical operation experiments in reality. In a simulation mode using a three-dimensional model, for multi-gradient longitudinal slope rut simulation, finite element analysis is often required to obtain rut depths of all positions, and a large amount of useless or repeated calculation is included in the process.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a simulation device capable of simulating the ruts of the asphalt pavement under the condition of a longitudinal slope, and the ruts of the pavement model with the gradient can be generated by forming complete dynamic ruts by single or multiple groups of static stress deformation models.
A simulation device capable of simulating rutting of an asphalt pavement under a longitudinal slope condition, comprising:
the model building unit is used for building a wheel model and an asphalt pavement model in the simulator, wherein the included angle between the whole asphalt pavement model and the horizontal plane is adjustable within a certain range, and the gradient of an actual longitudinal slope is simulated;
the deformation calculation unit is used for setting a bidirectional load applied to the wheel, and the model is correspondingly deformed according to the set road gradient, road pressure parameters, wheel deformation coefficient and load gravity coefficient under the stress of interaction of the two models;
the slice detection unit comprises a model slice module, an area statistics module, a slice range determination module and a slice shape fusion module:
the model slicing module is used for setting the interval distance and slicing the deformed wheel model and the deformed asphalt pavement model according to the interval distance, wherein the slicing plane is parallel to the pavement;
the area statistics module is used for counting the area of the wheel model part on each slice for the wheel model and counting the cavity area of the non-model part on each slice for the road model;
the related slice determining module is used for fitting a change curve of the area of the wheel model part along with the slice from top to bottom according to the upper and lower position relation of the wheel and the road surface, and when the numerical value on the curve suddenly decreases to 0, the numerical value corresponds to the shape C1 of the contact position of the two models of the shape of the section of the wheel model on the upper one slice of the slice; fitting a change curve of the cavity area along with the slice from top to bottom, and when the numerical value on the curve suddenly decreases to 0, correspondingly setting the cavity shape on the slice D0 above the slice to be the shape C2 of the contact position of the two models; fitting a change curve of the cavity area along with the slice from bottom to top, and when the numerical value on the curve suddenly increases to infinity, taking a slice D1 below the corresponding slice as the uppermost surface of the pavement;
the slice shape fusion module fuses the C1 and the C2 to obtain the shape of the accurate contact position;
the rut generating unit comprises a depth determining module, an asphalt pavement deformation depth information acquiring module and a rut depth acquiring module:
the depth determining module is used for determining that the position of the D1 slice is a depth coordinate system reference plane, the depth value corresponding to the D1 slice is 0, and the pixel value of the cavity area is marked as 0; the depth values of the slices from D1 to D0 are gradually increased from top to bottom, the pixel value of the cavity area in each slice is set to be the depth value of the corresponding slice, and a multi-channel image with depth information is obtained, wherein each channel corresponds to one slice;
the asphalt pavement deformation depth information acquisition module is used for carrying out pixel-by-pixel analysis on the multi-channel images, and each pixel position is used for taking the maximum value of the corresponding pixel of each channel image to obtain a single-channel asphalt pavement deformation depth information image;
and the rut depth acquisition module is used for superposing the deformation depth information image of the asphalt pavement at each moment in the rolling process of the wheels according to the wheel tracks, and fusing the superposed images to obtain rut depth information of the wheel tracks.
According to the wheel track, the superimposed asphalt pavement deformation depth information image at each moment in the rolling process of the wheels is specifically:
dividing the longitudinal slopes according to the gradient, obtaining an asphalt pavement deformation depth information image according to each gradient, and superposing the asphalt pavement deformation depth information image at each moment in the rolling process of the wheels according to the track of the wheels.
The apparatus further comprises:
and the rut three-dimensional model generating unit is used for adjusting the cavity shape of each slice of the asphalt pavement according to the rut depth information to obtain the rut three-dimensional model.
The superimposed asphalt pavement deformation depth information image at each moment in the rolling process of the wheels comprises the following steps:
and sequentially superposing the deformation depth information images of the asphalt pavement at each moment in the rolling process of the wheels according to the wheel deflection angles on the wheel tracks.
And the fusion of the superimposed images uses poisson fusion.
And the slice shape fusion module performs AND operation on the pixel positions corresponding to the C1 and the C2 to obtain the shape of the accurate contact position.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the models are sliced according to the deformation of the wheel model and the pavement model, the cavity area or the wheel model area on the slice is counted, the shape of the contact position of the two models can be determined, and the shape of the contact position is fused through a fusion algorithm, so that the accuracy of the shape of the bottommost surface of the rut can be improved.
2. According to the invention, according to the tangential plane, the uppermost surface of the pavement and the slice at the contact position of the two models can be determined, and the depth information of the cavity pixels on each slice can be obtained according to the interval distance, so that the rut depth information under static load is obtained. Further, according to the track of the vehicle and the track depth information under static load at different gradients, the track depth information of the track of the vehicle can be obtained by utilizing poisson fusion. Compared with the traditional experimental simulation, the time required by rut modeling is greatly reduced, compared with the traditional three-dimensional simulation, the calculated amount is greatly reduced, and the accuracy is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of deformation of an asphalt pavement layer;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cut-out plane;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of superposition.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a simulation device capable of simulating ruts of an asphalt pavement under a longitudinal slope condition. Corresponding wheel and pavement models are established in the simulator, the models are correspondingly deformed according to the applied static load, then the deformed wheel and pavement models are subjected to slicing treatment to obtain contact area and deformation depth information of the wheel and pavement, the slicing layers are fused into a single channel to obtain a multi-channel depth information map, finally, the wheel movement track is combined, the static depth information map is moved and overlapped in a poisson fusion mode to obtain complete rut depth information, the models are correspondingly deformed, and finally, the visualized three-dimensional rut models are obtained. Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of the present invention. The following is a description of specific examples.
Example 1:
the reason for the serious rut is that the two aspects work together, namely, the running speed is low, and the longitudinal slope changes the action mode of the wheels and the road surface, so that the stress in the road surface structure changes along with the change of the longitudinal slope.
In order to realize the simulation in the invention, three-dimensional models of the wheels and the asphalt pavement need to be constructed first, and the two models are isotropic elastoplastic material models which can be correspondingly deformed according to the load.
The model building unit is used for building a wheel model and an asphalt pavement model in the simulator, wherein the included angle between the whole asphalt pavement model and the horizontal plane is adjustable within a certain range, and the gradient of an actual longitudinal slope is simulated.
The interaction between the wheel and the road surface is left-right symmetrical. The pavement model structure built by the invention is a semi-rigid base asphalt pavement structure, and an asphalt layer of the asphalt pavement is mainly 4cm+5cm+6cm or 4cm+6cm+8cm, wherein the semi-rigid base adopts a combination form of double base layers, namely a water-stabilized macadam base layer with the length of 20-30 cm and a secondary ash stabilized base layer with the length of 15-25 cm.
The invention aims to segment a long longitudinal slope according to the size of the gradient, and obtain a rut model of the whole long longitudinal slope by using a deformation model of static load under the corresponding gradient.
The deformation calculation unit is used for setting bidirectional load applied to the wheels, and the model is correspondingly deformed according to the set road gradient, road surface pressure parameters, wheel deformation coefficient and load gravity coefficient under the stress of interaction of the two models.
The asphalt surface layer is made of viscoelastic material, and the action of the vehicle wheel on the road is the non-uniform distribution load with constant size in a certain time. And calculating the ruts of the asphalt pavement under static load by using the Burgers viscoelasticity constitutive model to obtain the static deformation conditions of the wheels with corresponding gradient and the pavement model. This part of the content is well known in the art. The deformation of the asphalt pavement layer is schematically shown in fig. 2. The figure is only a single-side model in the left side and the right side of the deformation of the asphalt pavement layer of the wheel track, and the shearing stress of the two sides of the wheel track can be definitely larger than the shearing stress between wheel gaps through the deformation degree of the material mesh, so that the rutting of the asphalt pavement structure mainly generates the relation with the maximum shearing stress of the asphalt layer at the edges of the two sides of the wheel track.
The deformation model is processed in a slicing mode, and the deformation degree of the model under the depth coordinate is judged by comparing the cross sectional area of each layer of model.
The slice detection unit comprises a model slice module, an area statistics module, a slice range determination module and a slice shape fusion module.
And the model slicing module is used for setting the interval distance and slicing the deformed wheel model and the deformed asphalt pavement model according to the interval distance, wherein the slicing plane is parallel to the pavement. Setting a cutting plane parallel to the gradient, wherein the number of the planes is specifically determined according to actual conditions. The spacing distance between the dividing planes is set. In order to obtain the contact area and shape of the accurate wheel model and the pavement model, the slicing distance at the contact position should be small enough to avoid error. The wheel model and the road model are segmented in the same group of parallel segmentation planes. A schematic view of the cut plane is shown in fig. 3.
And the area statistics module is used for counting the area of the wheel model part on each slice for the wheel model and counting the cavity area of the non-model part on each slice for the road model.
The related slice determining module is used for fitting a change curve of the area of the wheel model part along with the slice from top to bottom according to the upper and lower position relation of the wheel and the road surface, and when the numerical value on the curve suddenly decreases to 0, the numerical value corresponds to the shape C1 of the contact position of the two models of the shape of the section of the wheel model on the upper one slice of the slice; fitting a change curve of the cavity area along with the slice from top to bottom, and when the numerical value on the curve suddenly decreases to 0, correspondingly setting the cavity shape on the slice D0 above the slice to be the shape C2 of the contact position of the two models; and fitting a change curve of the cavity area along with the slice from bottom to top, and when the numerical value on the curve suddenly increases to infinity, setting the slice D1 below the corresponding slice as the uppermost surface of the pavement.
And the slice shape fusion module fuses the C1 and the C2 to obtain the shape of the accurate contact position. AND C1 AND C2 are fused, wherein the fusion mode is to overlap corresponding positions of the two images AND perform AND operation, so as to obtain the deformation shape with the same depth, wherein the deformation shape is consistent with the road surface model. So far more accurate contact shapes and areas can be obtained. The deformation generated by the pavement model is arranged between the two sections D0 and D1, and the height between the two sections is the rut depth under static load under the gradient condition.
The rut generating unit comprises a depth determining module, an asphalt pavement deformation depth information acquiring module and a rut depth acquiring module.
The depth determining module is used for determining that the position of the D1 slice is a depth coordinate system reference plane, the depth value corresponding to the D1 slice is 0, and the pixel value of the cavity area is marked as 0; the depth values of the slices from D1 to D0 are gradually increased from top to bottom, the pixel value of the cavity area in each slice is set to be the depth value of the corresponding slice, and a multi-channel image with depth information is obtained, wherein each channel corresponds to one slice. And processing all slice images between D0 and D1 to obtain a multi-channel depth image. The specific process is as follows: and taking the D1 slice position as a reference plane of the depth coordinate, namely, the depth value corresponding to the D1 slice is 0, wherein the pixel value of the cavity area is marked as 0. And changing the pixel value of the hollow region in each slice image according to the rule of increasing the depth from D1 to D0, wherein the value is the corresponding depth value. With each slicing result as a single channel, a multi-channel image with depth information can be obtained.
And the asphalt pavement deformation depth information acquisition module is used for carrying out pixel-by-pixel analysis on the multi-channel images, and each pixel position is used for taking the maximum value of the corresponding pixel of each channel image to obtain a single-channel asphalt pavement deformation depth information image. And taking the maximum value of each channel at the corresponding pixel position in the image, and obtaining the single-channel depth information image.
And the rut depth acquisition module is used for superposing the deformation depth information image of the asphalt pavement at each moment in the rolling process of the wheels according to the wheel tracks, and fusing the superposed images to obtain rut depth information of the wheel tracks.
According to the invention, a poisson fusion mode is used for fusing depth information images to obtain depth information of a complete rut, and then a model structure corresponding to a cut layer is changed to realize generation of the three-dimensional rut.
And combining the wheel tracks, and fusing the continuously moving static depth information images by using a poisson fusion mode to obtain a complete rut model under the gradient. The specific process is as follows: and obtaining or setting a motion track of the wheel, wherein the track is a single-pixel curve. And dividing the longitudinal slope according to the gradient, and dividing the track curve. The track curve in the same area is divided into scattered points with pixels as units, and adjacent scattered points are connected and then used as extension lines, so that the wheel deflection angle corresponding to the current scattered points can be obtained. The minimum circumscribed rectangular center point of the split layer depth information graph is taken as a placement point of the graph, the deflection angle is taken as a rotation angle of the graph, and the placement form of the depth information graph, namely the superposition schematic diagram, is shown in the following figure 4. The image A selected by the solid line frame is an initial image, the image B selected by the dotted line frame is a subsequent superimposed image, and the corresponding track scattered points are coincident with the minimum circumscribed rectangular center point of the superimposed graph.
And continuously placing the depth information maps, and finally, after all the depth information maps are placed, performing image fusion in a poisson fusion mode to obtain rut depth information which accords with the wheel track. And the depth information maps with different gradients are overlapped and fused according to the process, so that track depth information of longitudinal slope roads with different gradient distribution can be obtained.
And the rut three-dimensional model generating unit is used for adjusting the cavity shape of each slice of the asphalt pavement according to the rut depth information to obtain the rut three-dimensional model. And adjusting the cavity shape corresponding to each slice of the model according to the depth information of the ruts, so that the model is correspondingly matched with the depth information map. And finally, obtaining the three-dimensional model of the rut.
The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A simulation device capable of simulating rutting of an asphalt pavement under a longitudinal slope condition, the device comprising:
the model building unit is used for building a wheel model and an asphalt pavement model in the simulator, wherein the included angle between the whole asphalt pavement model and the horizontal plane is adjustable within a certain range, and the gradient of an actual longitudinal slope is simulated;
the deformation calculation unit is used for setting a bidirectional load applied to the wheel, and the model is correspondingly deformed according to the set road gradient, road pressure parameters, wheel deformation coefficient and load gravity coefficient under the stress of interaction of the two models;
the slice detection unit comprises a model slice module, an area statistics module, a slice range determination module and a slice shape fusion module:
the model slicing module is used for setting the interval distance and slicing the deformed wheel model and the deformed asphalt pavement model according to the interval distance, wherein the slicing plane is parallel to the pavement;
the area statistics module is used for counting the area of the wheel model part on each slice for the wheel model and counting the cavity area of the non-model part on each slice for the road model;
the related slice determining module is used for fitting a change curve of the area of the wheel model part along with the slice from top to bottom according to the upper and lower position relation of the wheel and the road surface, and when the numerical value on the curve suddenly decreases to 0, the numerical value corresponds to the shape C1 of the contact position of the two models of the shape of the section of the wheel model on the upper one slice of the slice; fitting a change curve of the cavity area along with the slice from top to bottom, and when the numerical value on the curve suddenly decreases to 0, correspondingly setting the cavity shape on the slice D0 above the slice to be the shape C2 of the contact position of the two models; fitting a change curve of the cavity area along with the slice from bottom to top, and when the numerical value on the curve suddenly increases to infinity, taking a slice D1 below the corresponding slice as the uppermost surface of the pavement;
the slice shape fusion module fuses the C1 and the C2 to obtain the shape of the accurate contact position;
the rut generating unit comprises a depth determining module, an asphalt pavement deformation depth information acquiring module and a rut depth acquiring module:
the depth determining module is used for determining that the position of the D1 slice is a depth coordinate system reference plane, the depth value corresponding to the D1 slice is 0, and the pixel value of the cavity area is marked as 0; the depth values of the slices from D1 to D0 are gradually increased from top to bottom, the pixel value of the cavity area in each slice is set to be the depth value of the corresponding slice, and a multi-channel image with depth information is obtained, wherein each channel corresponds to one slice;
the asphalt pavement deformation depth information acquisition module is used for carrying out pixel-by-pixel analysis on the multi-channel images, and each pixel position is used for taking the maximum value of the corresponding pixel of each channel image to obtain a single-channel asphalt pavement deformation depth information image;
and the rut depth acquisition module is used for superposing the deformation depth information image of the asphalt pavement at each moment in the rolling process of the wheels according to the wheel tracks, and fusing the superposed images to obtain rut depth information of the wheel tracks.
2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the superimposed asphalt pavement deformation depth information image at each moment in the rolling process of the wheels according to the wheel track is specifically:
dividing the longitudinal slopes according to the gradient, obtaining an asphalt pavement deformation depth information image according to each gradient, and superposing the asphalt pavement deformation depth information image at each moment in the rolling process of the wheels according to the track of the wheels.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus further comprises:
and the rut three-dimensional model generating unit is used for adjusting the cavity shape of each slice of the asphalt pavement according to the rut depth information to obtain the rut three-dimensional model.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein superimposing the asphalt pavement depth of deformation information image at each moment during the rolling of the wheel comprises:
and sequentially superposing the deformation depth information images of the asphalt pavement at each moment in the rolling process of the wheels according to the wheel deflection angles on the wheel tracks.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the fusing of the superimposed images uses poisson fusion.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the slice shape fusion module performs an and operation on the C1 and C2 corresponding pixel locations to obtain an accurate contact shape.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11173972A (en) * | 1997-12-15 | 1999-07-02 | Yorimasa Abe | Simulated deformation formation apparatus for paved road surface |
| CN103323580A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2013-09-25 | 山西省交通科学研究院 | Simulation device capable of simulating asphalt pavement ruts in longitudinal slope conditions |
| CN107908847A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-04-13 | 东南大学 | It is a kind of to consider load and the asphalt pavement rut resisting performance simulation method in high temperature gap |
| JP2019096041A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2019-06-20 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | Simulation method, device therefor, and program |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP3479095B1 (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2021-02-24 | The University Of Canterbury | Apparatus and method for testing a pavement specimen |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11173972A (en) * | 1997-12-15 | 1999-07-02 | Yorimasa Abe | Simulated deformation formation apparatus for paved road surface |
| CN103323580A (en) * | 2013-05-14 | 2013-09-25 | 山西省交通科学研究院 | Simulation device capable of simulating asphalt pavement ruts in longitudinal slope conditions |
| CN107908847A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-04-13 | 东南大学 | It is a kind of to consider load and the asphalt pavement rut resisting performance simulation method in high temperature gap |
| JP2019096041A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2019-06-20 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | Simulation method, device therefor, and program |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 陡坡路段沥青路面车辙特性分析;俞文生等;重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版)(06);全文 * |
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