CN104121864B - A kind of gap evaluation methodology of rock changing of the relative positions fracture surface - Google Patents
A kind of gap evaluation methodology of rock changing of the relative positions fracture surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN104121864B CN104121864B CN201410390748.7A CN201410390748A CN104121864B CN 104121864 B CN104121864 B CN 104121864B CN 201410390748 A CN201410390748 A CN 201410390748A CN 104121864 B CN104121864 B CN 104121864B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the gap evaluation methodology of a kind of changing of the relative positions fracture surface, formation core is cleaved into two blocks of rocks, obtains respectively and there are two fracture surface A and B of corresponding relation；The reflection crack Surface scan to two blocks of rock cores respectively with three-dimensional laser scanner, it is thus achieved that and the initial three-dimensional geometric data on two pieces of rock fracture surfaces (x, y, z)；Utilize trigonometric function relation entirety to change the initial three-dimensional geometric data of A fracture surface, the changing of the relative positions in different azimuth of the A fracture surface can be simulated；Three-dimensional geometry data single shaft after the A fracture surface changing of the relative positions is overturn, it is thus achieved that the three-dimensional geometry data that A fracture surface is new；The initial three-dimensional geometric data of the new three-dimensional geometry data of A fracture surface with B fracture surface is added up, it is thus achieved that the distribution situation in gap on the number of gaps on fracture surface and different coordinate position after the changing of the relative positions.Number of gaps and the distribution situation on changing of the relative positions fracture surface that this method obtains be consistent with the fracture pattern of reality, significant increase precision, preferably meets the digital simulation research of mesomechanics.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Oil and Natural Gas Engineering field, relate to the laboratory experiment evaluation of exploitation of oil-gas field technology, especially
It it is the gap evaluation methodology of a kind of rock changing of the relative positions fracture surface.
Background technology
Formation rock can be produced crack when affecting by the factor such as tectonic movement or fracturing, after separating due to crack
The stress azimuth suffered by two blocks of rocks there is difference, after Stress Release terminates, fracture surface corresponding on two blocks of rocks can
Can produce the changing of the relative positions more or less, can't be of completely closed, formed and there is certain interval and flow conductivity fissure channel.At present
Ripe at the comparison evaluating the flow conductivity that reflection crack face is formed, but reflection crack face cannot be evaluated when having the changing of the relative positions
The gap produced, also cannot apply one group of fracture surface to evaluate the gap that different offset direction produces with alternate displacement.
By retrieval, find following three relevant patent documents:
1, a kind of formation fracture Space Reconstruction method (CN103114848A) measured based on rock core, comprises the following steps:
S1, choose crack rock core；S2, use contactless measuring system fracture rock sample are scanned and process, and obtain surface chart；
S3, employing three dimensional point cloud reverse engineering software, it is thus achieved that morphological data；S4, derivation data, and generate a cloud file；S5, general
Point cloud file uses MATLAB to generate fracture spaces grid chart；S6, draw a contour line；S7, process generate spatial altitude figure；S8、
Figure is made necessary rotation and movement, obtains reconstructing fracture spaces model.
2, a kind of large scale volcanic rock hydraulic fracture crack initiation and extension CT scan Crack Monitoring method (CN103573251A),
Described method is that before fracturing physical modeling's fracturing experiments and after experiment, rock specimens to volcanic rock carries out CT and sweeps respectively
Retouch, by the change of described rock specimens before contrast experiment and after experiment realize to the monitoring of large scale volcanic rock hydraulic fracture with
And intuitively analyze crack initiation and the propagation law of hydraulic fracture.
3, a kind of instrument for measuring 3 D deformation of engineering geologic fissure (CN101008565), is characterized in that azimuthal measurement instrument, inclines
Angle measuring instrument and pattern displacement measuring instrument organically combine, by measuring the space length between 2, and azimuth and inclining
Angle, obtains flaw level tension, the horizontal changing of the relative positions and vertical sliding deformation value.
Being contrasted by technical characteristic, above-mentioned three patent documentations have the different of essence from the method for present patent application.
Summary of the invention
In place of it is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that a kind of being suitable for evaluates rock changing of the relative positions fracture surface
Method, the number of gaps produced during to measure the rock core fracture surface generation changing of the relative positions and distribution situation.
The present invention solves technical problem and be the technical scheme is that
The gap evaluation methodology in a kind of rock fracture face, specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) two reflection crack face A and B of acquisition are opened in formation core splitting；
(2) the reflection crack Surface scan to two blocks of rock cores respectively with scanner, it is thus achieved that original the three of two pieces of rock fracture surfaces
Dimension geometric data, spatial point is with (x, y z) represent；
(3) the initial three-dimensional geometric data single shaft of A fracture surface is overturn, it is thus achieved that the three-dimensional geometry data that A fracture surface is new；
(4) the initial three-dimensional geometric data of the new three-dimensional geometry data of A fracture surface with B fracture surface is added up, it is thus achieved that rock
The distribution situation in gap in number of gaps on fracture surface and different coordinate position.
And, described step (4) in data accumulation be the point identical by x/y plane coordinate, z value be added, by z value minima
It is set as zero.
The gap evaluation methodology of a kind of rock changing of the relative positions fracture surface, specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) two reflection crack face A and B of acquisition are opened in formation core splitting；
(2) the reflection crack Surface scan to two blocks of rock cores respectively with scanner, it is thus achieved that original the three of two pieces of rock fracture surfaces
Dimension geometric data, spatial point is with (x, y z) represent；
(3) the initial three-dimensional geometric data entirety of A fracture surface is changed x value, y value, complete in y direction, Shangdi, x direction mistake
Dynamic, alternate displacement is the difference of change value and original value, or utilizes trigonometric function relation to change x value and y value simultaneously, forms one
Determine the changing of the relative positions of angle；
(4) will be through the three-dimensional geometry data single shaft upset of the A fracture surface after step (3) changes, it is thus achieved that rock A fracture surface is new
Three-dimensional geometry data；
(5) the initial three-dimensional geometric data of the new three-dimensional geometry data of A fracture surface with B fracture surface is added up, it is thus achieved that the changing of the relative positions
Number of gaps on fracture surface and distribution situation.
Advantages of the present invention and good effect be:
1, the present invention utilizes two surfaces of 3-dimensional digital scan mode fracture to carry out space orientation and obtains three-dimensional geometry number
According to, and according to crack closure principle, three-dimensional geometry data are processed, the gap distribution feelings after changing of the relative positions crack closure can be obtained
Condition.
2, the number of gaps on the changing of the relative positions fracture surface that the present invention obtains and distribution situation and actual fracture pattern height one
Cause, greatly improve precision, there is feasibility and practicality, it is possible to preferably meet the digital simulation research of mesomechanics.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is gap point number and gap length relation block diagram；
Fig. 2 is that gap point accounts for always count ratio and gap length relation block diagram；
Fig. 3 (a) is A fracture surface graphics；
Fig. 3 (b) is B fracture surface graphics；
Fig. 4 is reflection crack face gap distribution isogram；
Fig. 5 is reflection crack face gap distribution graphics.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, and following example are illustrative, is not limit
Qualitatively, it is impossible to limit protection scope of the present invention with this.
The gap evaluation methodology in a kind of rock fracture face, specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) two reflection crack face A and B of acquisition are opened in formation core splitting.Rock cleavage or disconnected under reservoir stress effect
Two the new surfaces produced when splitting, the two surface has certain corresponding relation, and we are referred to as reflection crack face.
(2) respectively the reflection crack face of two blocks of rock cores is scanned with high-precision three-dimensional laser scanner, it is thus achieved that two blocks of rocks
The initial three-dimensional geometric data of stony fracture seam surface, spatial point is with (x, y z) represent.As rock core cleave after flaw area be 25mm ×
30mm=750mm2, if scanner precision is 0.1mm, then can obtain 75000 points, in space after a fracture surface scanning
Setting up coordinate system, xy face is parallel to fracture surface direction, then z value represents the height value of the point on fracture surface, on fracture surface each
Point all use that (x, y, z) represent, as on (0,3,10) expression fracture surface, xy coordinate is the point of (0,3), relative to the height of datum level
For 1mm.
(3) the initial three-dimensional geometric data of A fracture surface being carried out single shaft upset, its principle is with the centrage in x or y direction
For axis of symmetry, two identical with distance between center line exchange z values, thus obtain the three-dimensional geometry data that A fracture surface is new.Rock is split
Obtaining two reflection crack faces after splitting, the two face should have mirror image features, and during 3-D scanning, two fracture surfaces are all in phase
Set up with under coordinate system, one of them face need to be carried out axial symmetry upset to describe the mirror image relationship of two fracture surfaces, the simplest
Single mode is to overturn with the centrage on x or y direction for axis of symmetry, it is assumed that on fracture surface x direction have 3 points (0,1,
3), (0,2,1) and (0,3,4), then centrage is y=2, and during upset, the point on y=2 is constant, two identical with distance between center line
It is (0, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae) after then these 3 the some upsets of individual exchange z value, (0,2,1) and (0,3,3).
(4) the initial three-dimensional geometric data of the new three-dimensional geometry data of rock A fracture surface with rock B fracture surface is added up,
Its principle is the point identical by x/y plane coordinate, and z value is added, and z value minima is set as zero, can obtain on rock fracture face
Number of gaps and different coordinate position on the distribution situation in gap.Assume on A fracture surface, there are 3 points (0,1,3), (1,2,
1) and (3,3,4), 3 points (0,1,1) corresponding on B fracture surface, (1,2,2) and (3,3,1), cumulative after obtain on fracture surface 3
The corresponding three-dimensional coordinate of point is respectively (0, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae), (1,2,3) and (3,3,5), and minima zero then becomes (0,1,1), (1,2,
0) and (3,3,2), z value size represents crack closure post gap size, and there is gap in these 3 points is respectively two points i.e.
(0,1,1) and (3,3,2), gap is respectively 0.1mm and 0.2mm.
Additionally, this method can also carry out the evaluation in the gap of rock changing of the relative positions fracture surface, it specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) two reflection crack face A and B of acquisition are opened in formation core splitting；
(2) respectively the reflection crack face of two blocks of rock cores is scanned with high-precision three-dimensional laser scanner, it is thus achieved that two blocks of rocks
The initial three-dimensional geometric data of stony fracture seam surface, spatial point is with (x, y z) represent；
(3) original three-dimensional geometry data are adjusted, to rock A fracture surface by the gap produced for simulation changing of the relative positions crack
Initial three-dimensional geometric data entirety change x value, y value, i.e. on y direction, x direction, complete the changing of the relative positions, alternate displacement is change
Value and the difference of original value, to make the changing of the relative positions have certain angle, may utilize trigonometric function relation and calculate the x value and y that need to change
Value；
(4) the three-dimensional geometry data after the change of A fracture surface being carried out single shaft upset, its principle is with in x or y direction
Heart line is axis of symmetry, two the exchange z values identical with distance between center line, thus obtains the three-dimensional geometry number that rock A fracture surface is new
According to；
(5) being added up by the initial three-dimensional geometric data of the new three-dimensional geometry data of A fracture surface with B fracture surface, its principle is
By the point that x/y plane coordinate is identical, z value is added, z value minima is set as zero,
The number of gaps on changing of the relative positions fracture surface and distribution situation can be obtained.
Statistics reflection crack face between gap length with count, block diagram as shown in Figure 1 can be obtained.
Also can add up different size gap point to account for the percentage ratio always counted (the most different size of gap is on whole fracture surface
The ratio occupied), as shown in Figure 2.
Also can apply three-dimensional graphics software, three-dimensional geometry data are depicted as multiple figure, more intuitively, as Fig. 3,4.Its
In middle Fig. 4, Fig. 5, black part represents that gap is not the some distribution situation of 0, and white portion represents the some distribution situation that gap is 0.
Claims (1)
1. the gap evaluation methodology of a rock changing of the relative positions fracture surface, it is characterised in that: specifically comprise the following steps that
(1) two reflection crack face A and B of acquisition are opened in formation core splitting；
(2) the reflection crack Surface scan to two blocks of rock cores respectively with scanner, it is thus achieved that the initial three-dimensional on two pieces of rock fracture surfaces is several
What data, spatial point is with (x, y z) represent；
(3) the initial three-dimensional geometric data entirety of A fracture surface is changed x value, y value, complete in y direction, the Shangdi changing of the relative positions of x direction, mistake
Dynamic displacement is the difference of change value and original value, or utilizes trigonometric function relation to change x value and y value simultaneously, forms certain angle
The changing of the relative positions of degree；
Will through step (3) change after A fracture surface three-dimensional geometry data single shaft upset, it is thus achieved that rock A fracture surface new three
Dimension geometric data；
(5) the initial three-dimensional geometric data of the new three-dimensional geometry data of A fracture surface with B fracture surface is added up, it is thus achieved that changing of the relative positions crack
Number of gaps on face and distribution situation.
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| CN106501090B (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2019-02-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Fracture characterization method for hydraulic fracturing simulation experiment |
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| JPH04282404A (en) * | 1991-03-12 | 1992-10-07 | Nec Corp | Measuring device of three-dimensional shape |
| JP4055441B2 (en) * | 2002-03-06 | 2008-03-05 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Gap measurement method |
| US7880899B2 (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2011-02-01 | Konica Minolta Sensing, Inc. | Three-dimensional measurement system, inspection method, three-dimensional measurement method and program |
| CN101008565A (en) * | 2007-01-25 | 2007-08-01 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Instrument for measuring 3D deformation of engineering geologic fissure |
| WO2009076635A2 (en) * | 2007-12-12 | 2009-06-18 | Schlumberger Canada Limited | Device and method to reduce breakdown/fracture initiation pressure |
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