CN114859031A - Universal sample diluent for immunochromatography detection and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Universal sample diluent for immunochromatography detection and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN114859031A
CN114859031A CN202210416061.0A CN202210416061A CN114859031A CN 114859031 A CN114859031 A CN 114859031A CN 202210416061 A CN202210416061 A CN 202210416061A CN 114859031 A CN114859031 A CN 114859031A
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sample diluent
sample
buffer solution
hepes buffer
surfactant
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巩赞博
巩赞斌
巩赞华
张金银
黄咏华
彭劼
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Huachenyang Shenzhen Technology Co ltd
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    • G01N33/48Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
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Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of immunization, and particularly discloses a universal sample diluent for immunochromatography detection and a preparation method thereof. The universal sample diluent for immunochromatographic detection comprises the following components in mass/volume ratio: 6% -12% of casein, 2% -20% of surfactant, 1% -20% of preservative, 5% -20% of trehalose, 0.5% -1% of sodium chloride and 1% -10% of blocker, wherein the sample diluent also comprises 0.04mol/L-0.06mol/L HEPES buffer solution; the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a HEPES buffer solution: weighing HEPES, adding water, and performing constant volume, filtration and sterilization; preparing a sample diluent: weighing trehalose, sodium chloride, casein, a surfactant, a preservative and a blocking agent, mixing the trehalose, the sodium chloride, the casein, the surfactant, the preservative and the blocking agent with the prepared HEPES buffer solution to form a mixed solution, stirring to dissolve the mixed solution, and finally adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 7-8. The sample diluent can be universally used for different detection items, and has the advantages of strong universality and high detection sensitivity; in addition, the preparation method is simple and feasible, and can be used for large-scale industrial production.

Description

Universal sample diluent for immunochromatography detection and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of immunoassay, in particular to a universal sample diluent for immunochromatography detection and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, sample diluents of animal disease detection products are diversified, the components of the sample diluents of each manufacturer are different, and the components of the sample diluents of different detection items of the same manufacturer are also different, so that a dilution step needs to be added when one sample is used for multiple item detection, and the sample quantity demand is increased; and different reagent kit sample diluents are usually effective only for a specific sample from a sample to be detected and are not necessarily effective for antigens from other sources, so that the sensitivity is low, the sensitivity is poor, even non-specific reaction occurs when other types of samples are used for actual detection, the detection speed is influenced, and the disease condition is worsened or viruses are spread arbitrarily in serious cases.
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present inventors have considered that there is a need to provide a sample diluent for immunochromatography assay to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that the sensitivity that exists of current sample diluent is low, this application provides a general sample diluent of immunochromatography detection, makes the sample diluent can detect the sample of different grade type, reaches the high effect of sensitivity simultaneously.
In a first aspect, the general sample diluent for immunochromatography detection provided by the present application adopts the following technical scheme: a universal sample diluent for immunochromatographic assay, comprising the following components in mass/volume ratio (g/ml): 6% -12% of casein, 2% -20% of surfactant, 1% -20% of preservative, 5% -20% of trehalose, 0.5% -1% of sodium chloride and 1% -10% of blocking agent, wherein the sample diluent further comprises 0.04mol/L-0.06mol/L HEPES buffer solution.
By adopting the technical scheme, the HEPES buffer solution has good stability, has no toxicity to cells when the concentration is between 0.04mol/L and 0.06mol/L, and has stronger sensitivity to a sample diluent prepared from the buffer solution; casein is used as a sealant, the antigen is incubated with casein sealant, the free space on the surface is saturated by the casein sealant, the nonspecific combination of a detection antibody and the surface of the antigen is reduced, the higher signal-to-noise ratio is realized, and the detection achieves better sensitivity; the surfactant can protect the protein in the range and maintain the stability of the protein in cooperation with HEPES buffer solution; the preservative has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, can inhibit the growth of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, yeasts and the like in a long time, and can reduce the fluctuation range of the pH value of a system when being compounded with a HEPES solution; trehalose is a typical stress metabolite and can form a unique protective film on the cell surface, so that the biomolecular structure is effectively protected from being damaged; sodium chloride is the best compound of HEPES buffer solution, and can maintain the osmotic pressure and acid-base balance of cells to the maximum extent; the blocking agent is used for avoiding the situation of false positive after the virus is combined with the sample diluent, and the accuracy of the result is ensured.
Optionally, the optimal content of the sample diluent is: 0.05mol/L HEPES buffer solution, 10% casein, 2.2% surfactant, 1% preservative, 5% trehalose, 0.9% sodium chloride and 1% blocking agent.
By adopting the technical scheme, the components are below the limit value, and the sample diluent prepared by mixing and compounding the components has the highest sensitivity, the strongest sensitivity and the fastest detection speed.
Optionally, the surfactant is one of tween 80, triton, S24 and sodium dodecyl cyclamate; preferably S24.
Through the technical scheme, the S24 serving as the nonionic surfactant still has fluidity at low temperature and has better permeability than other products.
Optionally, the preservative is one selected from dehydroacetic acid and sodium salt thereof, and sodium citrate, preferably sodium citrate. Through the technical scheme, compared with sulfur mercury dust, sodium azide and gentamicin, the sodium citrate is extremely easy to biodegrade after being subjected to the action of oxygen and microorganisms in water, part of the sodium citrate is degraded to generate citric acid, the citric acid does not harm human health and is environment-friendly, and on the other hand, the sodium citrate can also keep the activity of enzymes in a buffer solution.
Optionally, the blocking agent is selected from one of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate and potassium lauryl phosphate monoester salt, and is preferably disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate.
Optionally, the pH of the sample diluent is 7-8, preferably 7.4.
By the technical scheme, when the pH value of the sample diluent is between 7 and 8, particularly 7.4, the activity of the sample in the sample diluent is strongest.
Optionally, the sample dilution is used for detecting sample sources from human/animal serum, anal secretion, feces, eye and nose secretion and pharynx and nose secretion.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a sample diluent, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a method of preparing a sample diluent comprising the steps of:
preparing a HEPES buffer solution: weighing HEPES, adding water for dissolving, fixing volume, filtering and sterilizing;
preparing a sample diluent: weighing trehalose, sodium chloride, casein, a surfactant, a preservative and a blocking agent, mixing the trehalose, the sodium chloride, the casein, the surfactant, the preservative and the blocking agent with the prepared HEPES buffer solution to form a mixed solution, stirring to dissolve the mixed solution, and finally adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 7-8.
By adopting the technical scheme, the process steps are simple and feasible, and the prepared sample diluent has high detection sensitivity and strong sensitivity and does not have nonspecific reaction.
Optionally, triple-distilled water is used for constant volume in the process of preparing the HEPES buffer solution.
By adopting the technical scheme, the impurities such as particulate matters, ions, colloids and insoluble gases in water are taken out by using the triple distilled water, so that the purity of the sample diluent is ensured.
Optionally, the HEPES buffer solution is stored at a low temperature of 4 ℃ after preparation.
By adopting the technical scheme, the prepared HEPES is stored at low temperature under the condition of non-on-site preparation, so that bacteria, microorganisms and the like are prevented from living in the purified triple distilled water, and the quality of the sample diluent is effectively controlled.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. in the related art, the sample diluent comprises sodium dihydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, tween-20, triton X-100, trehalose and sodium azide, wherein tween-20 and triton X-100 are used as surfactants, sodium azide is used as a preservative, and sodium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate are used as buffer solutions; casein is added, so that nonspecific binding of an analyte or a detection antibody and the surface can be effectively reduced, better sensitivity of detection is achieved, a surfactant, a blocking agent and a preservative are compounded with HEPES, a sample is further protected, and the accuracy of a detection result is ensured.
2. The surfactant S24 is a non-ionic surfactant, and has the function of protecting protein in a sample compared with an ionic surfactant, the preservative is preferably sodium citrate, compared with sodium azide, the final degradation products are carbon dioxide and water, the environment cannot be greatly influenced, and the preservative is non-toxic, cannot generate explosive products, and has high safety factor in use.
3. The method has the advantages of simple process flow, high sensitivity of the prepared sample diluent, no occurrence of non-specific reaction and capability of carrying out multi-item detection on one sample.
Sample source kit: a canine parvovirus detection kit (feces sample), a feline coronavirus antibody detection kit (serum sample) and a canine distemper virus detection kit (eye-nose-mouth secretion sample) produced by the company are selected; 80 positive samples and 80 negative samples (the positive samples and the negative samples are respectively identified by PCR) are respectively collected by each detection kit;
sample diluent 1: dilutions prepared by the present application;
sample diluent 2: sample diluent in the canine parvovirus detection kit;
sample diluent 3: sample diluent in the feline coronavirus antibody detection kit;
sample diluent 4: sample diluent in the canine distemper virus detection kit.
Detailed Description
At present, the instruction book of the commercial kit is marked with a prompt of 'sample treatment solution or sample diluent which can not use other kits', which means that one kit sample diluent is usually effective only for a specific sample of a source to be detected and is ineffective for antigens of other sources, and the kit sample diluent is not high in sensitivity, poor in sensitivity and even has false positive when a sample is detected. In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors tried to use sodium dihydrogen phosphate as a buffer solution and other additives, but found that it is difficult to control the pH value during the experiment, and it is very easy to generate peracid or overbase, and tried to use HEPES buffer solution instead, and found that the prepared sample diluent can be used when it is combined with sodium chloride trehalose and other additives, but the sensitivity and sensitivity are poor, so the present inventors continued the experiment, and suddenly found that the sensitivity of the sample diluent can be improved by adding casein, and it is important to use S24 as a surfactant, sodium citrate as a preservative, and sodium edetate as a blocking agent, and the prepared sample diluent can simultaneously detect a plurality of different items, and the probability of non-specific reactions is very low. The present application has been made based on the above findings.
In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the present application, the following detailed descriptions are made in conjunction with tables and examples, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.
Examples
Example 1
Preparing 0.05mol/L HEPES buffer solution: weighing 11.95g of HEPES, placing the HEPES into a 1000ml volumetric flask, adding triple distilled water to a constant volume to a scale mark, shaking the volumetric flask to dissolve the HEPES, placing the volumetric flask into a vacuum filter, setting the air suction rate to be 30(L/min) and the vacuum degree to be more than 0.099Mpa and 15mbar, filtering and sterilizing the HEPES buffer solution with the constant volume by using a 0.22 mu m filter membrane, and then placing the HEPES buffer solution at 4 ℃ for storage.
Preparing 800ml of sample diluent: taking 500ml to 800ml of prepared 0.05mol/L HEPES buffer solution in a volumetric flask, accurately measuring 8g of casein, 5g of trehalose, 7.2g of sodium chloride, 8g S24, 8ml of sodium citrate and 8ml of sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate, adding the obtained solution into 500ml of 0.05mol/L HEPES buffer solution to form a mixed solution, stirring the mixed solution by using a glass rod, using 0.05mol/L HEPES buffer solution to fix the volume of the mixed solution to a scale line after the mixed solution is dissolved, detecting the pH value of the mixed solution by using pH test paper, adding sodium bicarbonate for titration if the pH value is acidic until the pH value is 7.4, adding diluted hydrochloric acid for titration if the pH value is alkaline until the pH value is 7.4, and numbering the prepared sample diluent as sample diluent 1.
Performance testing and data analysis:
versatility of sample dilutions:
dividing 80 positive samples and 80 negative samples of each detection kit into four equal parts, wherein each part comprises 20 positive samples/negative samples, and respectively diluting with a sample diluent 1, a sample diluent 2, a sample diluent 3 and a sample diluent 4, and then testing, wherein the detection results are as follows:
TABLE 1 number of negative/positive copies of different test items in different dilutions
Figure BDA0003606034190000041
Figure BDA0003606034190000051
And (4) analyzing results: when the sample diluent of the three detection items is the sample diluent 1, the detection clinical sample is consistent with the PCR detection result; when the sample diluent is sample diluent 2/sample diluent 3/sample diluent 4, only the clinical sample result of the corresponding detection item is consistent with the PCR detection result, and the detection rate of the clinical sample result on other detection items is low. Among 20 negative feline coronavirus antibody samples, only 5 samples were detected by the sample diluent 2, the accuracy was only 25%, and only 7 samples were detected by the sample diluent 4. The accuracy rate is only 35 percent; in 20 negative canine distemper virus samples, only 16 samples of the sample diluent 2 can be detected, and the accuracy rate is 80%; only 4 parts of sample diluent 3 can be accurately detected, and the accuracy rate is only 20%; in 20 negative canine parvovirus samples, the sample diluent 3 can only detect 6 parts with the accuracy rate of 30 percent, and the sample diluent 4 can detect 18 parts with the accuracy rate of 90 percent; all samples that were not detected negative were false positive; the sample dilution 2/3/4 applied to other detection items shows low sample detection rate and non-specific reaction.
Sensitivity of sample dilution:
selecting a pet dog identified as positive for the feline coronavirus antibody, collecting blood of the pet dog, placing the blood in a centrifuge tube, centrifuging the blood by using a centrifuge, and taking upper serum after the centrifugation is finished to prepare a sample stock solution.
Respectively adopting sample diluent 1 and sample diluent 3 to compare, simultaneously respectively adopting corresponding sample diluent to dilute the sampled sample stock solution, respectively being sample stock solution (1 time dilution), 2 times dilution, 4 times dilution, 8 times dilution, 16 times dilution, 32 times dilution, 64 times dilution and 128 times dilution, and finally adopting a rabies virus antibody detection kit to detect, wherein the detection results are shown in the following table: (+ positive, ± weak positive, -negative)
TABLE 2 test results of Diluent 1 and Diluent 3 at different dilution times
Figure BDA0003606034190000052
And (4) analyzing results: as can be seen from the detection results, the sample diluent 1 can detect the positive sample diluted 64 times, the diluent 3 can detect the positive sample diluted 16 times, the detection result of the positive sample diluted 32 times is weak positive, and the positive sample diluted 64 times can not be detected completely, which indicates that the sensitivity of the sample diluent of the present invention is higher than that of the common sample diluent.
Example 2
Preparing 0.04mol/L HEPES buffer solution: weighing 9.56g of HEPES, placing the HEPES into a 1000ml volumetric flask, adding triple distilled water to a constant volume to a scale mark, shaking to dissolve the HEPES, placing the HEPES in a vacuum filter, setting the air suction rate to be 30(L/min) and the vacuum degree to be more than 0.099Mpa and 15mbar, filtering and sterilizing the HEPES buffer solution with the constant volume by using a 0.22 mu m filter membrane, and then placing the HEPES buffer solution at 4 ℃ for storage.
Preparing 800ml of sample diluent: taking 500ml to 800ml of prepared 0.04mol/L HEPES buffer solution in a volumetric flask, accurately measuring 4.8g of casein, 4g of trehalose, 4g of sodium chloride, 1.6g S24, 0.8ml of sodium citrate and 0.8ml of sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate, adding the measured solution into 500ml of 0.04mol/L HEPES buffer solution to form a mixed solution, stirring the mixed solution by using a glass rod, dissolving the mixed solution, then fixing the volume of the mixed solution to a scale line by using the 0.04mol/L HEPES buffer solution, detecting the pH value of the mixed solution by using pH test paper, adding sodium bicarbonate for titration if the pH value is acidic until the pH value is 7.4, adding diluted hydrochloric acid for titration if the pH value is alkaline until the pH value is 7.4, and numbering the prepared sample diluent as sample diluent 1.
Performance testing and data analysis:
versatility of sample dilutions:
dividing 80 positive samples and 80 negative samples of each detection kit into four equal parts, wherein each part comprises 20 positive samples/negative samples, and respectively diluting with a sample diluent 1, a sample diluent 2, a sample diluent 3 and a sample diluent 4, and then testing, wherein the detection results are as follows:
TABLE 3 number of negative/positive copies of different test items in different sample dilutions
Figure BDA0003606034190000061
Figure BDA0003606034190000071
And (4) analyzing results: when the sample diluent of the three detection items is the sample diluent 1, the detection clinical sample is consistent with the PCR detection result; when the sample diluent is sample diluent 2/sample diluent 3/sample diluent 4, only the clinical sample result of the corresponding detection item is consistent with the PCR detection result, and the detection rate of the clinical sample result on other detection items is low. Among 20 negative feline coronavirus antibody samples, only 7 samples were detected by the sample diluent 2, the accuracy was only 35%, and only 5 samples were detected by the sample diluent 4. The accuracy rate is only 25%; in 20 negative canine distemper virus samples, only 14 samples of the sample diluent 2 can be detected, and the accuracy rate is 70%; the sample diluent 3 can only accurately detect 8 parts, and the accuracy rate is only 40%; in 20 negative canine parvovirus samples, the sample diluent 3 can only detect 6 parts with the accuracy rate of 30 percent, and the sample diluent 4 can detect 12 parts with the accuracy rate of 60 percent; all samples that were not detected negative were false positive; the sample dilution 2/3/4 applied to other detection items shows low sample detection rate and non-specific reaction.
Sensitivity of sample dilution:
selecting pet dogs identified as positive to the feline coronavirus antibody, collecting blood of the dogs, putting the blood into a centrifuge tube, centrifuging the blood by using a centrifuge, and taking upper serum after the centrifugation is finished to prepare a sample stock solution.
Respectively adopting sample diluent 1 and sample diluent 2 to compare, simultaneously respectively adopting corresponding sample diluent to dilute the sampled sample stock solution, respectively being sample stock solution (1 time dilution), 2 times dilution, 4 times dilution, 8 times dilution, 16 times dilution, 32 times dilution, 64 times dilution and 128 times dilution, and finally adopting a rabies virus antibody detection kit to detect, wherein the detection results are shown in the following table: (+ positive, ± weak positive, -negative)
TABLE 2 test results of Diluent 1 and Diluent 2 at different dilution times
Figure BDA0003606034190000072
And (4) analyzing results: as can be seen from the detection results, the sample diluent 1 can detect the positive sample diluted 64 times, the diluent 2 can detect the positive sample diluted 16 times, the detection result of the positive sample diluted 16 times is weak positive, and the positive sample diluted 32 times can not be detected completely, which indicates that the sensitivity of the sample diluent of the present invention is higher than that of the common sample diluent.
Example 3
Preparing 0.06mol/L HEPES buffer solution: weighing 14.34g of HEPES, placing the HEPES into a 1000ml volumetric flask, adding triple distilled water to a constant volume to a scale mark, shaking to dissolve the HEPES, placing the HEPES in a vacuum filter, setting the air suction rate to be 30(L/min) and the vacuum degree to be more than 0.099Mpa and 15mbar, filtering and sterilizing the HEPES buffer solution with the constant volume by using a 0.22 mu m filter membrane, and then placing the HEPES buffer solution at 4 ℃ for storage.
Preparing 800ml of sample diluent: taking 500ml to 800ml of prepared 0.06mol/L HEPES buffer solution in a volumetric flask, accurately measuring 9.6g of casein, 12g of trehalose, 8g of sodium chloride, 16g S24, 16ml of sodium citrate and 8ml of sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate, adding the obtained solution into 500ml of 0.06mol/L HEPES buffer solution to form a mixed solution, stirring the mixed solution by using a glass rod, using 0.06mol/L HEPES buffer solution to fix the volume of the mixed solution to a scale line after the mixed solution is dissolved, detecting the pH value of the mixed solution by using pH test paper, adding sodium bicarbonate for titration if the pH value is acidic until the pH value is 7.4, adding diluted hydrochloric acid for titration if the pH value is alkaline until the pH value is 7.4, and numbering the prepared sample diluent as sample diluent 1.
Performance testing and data analysis:
versatility of sample dilutions:
dividing 80 positive samples and 80 negative samples of each detection kit into four equal parts, wherein each part comprises 20 positive samples/negative samples, and respectively diluting with a sample diluent 1, a sample diluent 2, a sample diluent 3 and a sample diluent 4, and then testing, wherein the detection results are as follows:
TABLE 3 number of negative/positive copies of different test items in different sample dilutions
Figure BDA0003606034190000081
And (4) analyzing results: when the sample diluent of the three detection items is the sample diluent 1, the detection clinical sample is consistent with the PCR detection result; when the sample diluent is sample diluent 2/sample diluent 3/sample diluent 4, only the clinical sample result of the corresponding detection item is consistent with the PCR detection result, and the detection rate of the clinical sample result on other detection items is low. Among 20 negative feline coronavirus antibody samples, only 6 samples can be detected by the sample diluent 2, the accuracy is only 30%, and only 10 samples can be detected by the sample diluent 4. The accuracy rate is only 50%; in 20 negative canine distemper virus samples, only 13 samples of the sample diluent 2 can be detected, and the accuracy rate is 65%; the sample diluent 3 can only accurately detect 2 parts, and the accuracy rate is only 10%; in 20 negative canine parvovirus samples, the sample diluent 3 can only detect 7 parts with the accuracy rate of 35 percent, and the sample diluent 4 can detect 17 parts with the accuracy rate of 85 percent; all samples that were not detected negative were false positive; the sample dilution 2/3/4 applied to other detection items shows low sample detection rate and non-specific reaction.
Sensitivity of sample dilution:
selecting a pet dog identified as positive for the feline coronavirus antibody, collecting blood of the pet dog, placing the blood in a centrifuge tube, centrifuging the blood by using a centrifuge, and taking upper serum after the centrifugation is finished to prepare a sample stock solution.
Respectively adopting sample diluent 1 and sample diluent 4 to compare, simultaneously respectively adopting corresponding sample diluent to dilute the sampled sample stock solution, respectively being sample stock solution (1 time dilution), 2 times dilution, 4 times dilution, 8 times dilution, 16 times dilution, 32 times dilution, 64 times dilution and 128 times dilution, and finally adopting a rabies virus antibody detection kit to detect, wherein the detection results are shown in the following table: (+ positive, ± weak positive, -negative)
TABLE 2 test results of Diluent 1 and Diluent 4 at different dilution times
Figure BDA0003606034190000091
And (4) analyzing results: as can be seen from the detection results, the sample diluent 1 can detect the positive sample diluted 64 times, the diluent 4 can detect the positive sample diluted 16 times, the detection result of the positive sample diluted 32 times is weak positive, and the positive sample diluted 64 times can not be detected completely, which indicates that the sensitivity of the sample diluent of the present invention is higher than that of the common sample diluent.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (8)

1. A universal sample diluent for immunochromatographic assay, characterized by comprising the following components in mass/volume ratio (g/ml): 6% -12% of casein, 2% -20% of surfactant, 1% -20% of preservative, 5% -20% of trehalose, 0.5% -1% of sodium chloride and 1% -10% of blocking agent, and the sample diluent further comprises 0.04mol/L-0.06mol/L HEPES buffer solution.
2. The sample diluent according to claim 1, wherein: the optimal content of each component of the sample diluent is as follows: 0.05mol/L HEPES buffer solution, 10% casein, 2.2% surfactant, 1% preservative, 5% trehalose, 0.9% sodium chloride and 1% blocking agent.
3. The sample diluent according to claim 1, wherein: the surfactant is one of Tween 80, Triton, S24 and sodium dodecyl cyclamate.
4. The sample diluent according to claim 1, wherein: the preservative is one selected from dehydroacetic acid and sodium salt thereof and sodium citrate.
5. The sample diluent according to claim 1, wherein: the blocking agent is selected from one of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate and potassium lauryl phosphate monoester salt.
6. The sample diluent according to claim 1, wherein: the pH value of the sample diluent is 7-8.
7. A method of preparing a sample diluent according to any one of claims 1 to 6: the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing a HEPES buffer solution: weighing HEPES, adding water for dissolving, fixing volume, filtering and sterilizing;
preparing a sample diluent: weighing trehalose, sodium chloride, casein, a surfactant, a preservative and a blocking agent, mixing the trehalose, the sodium chloride, the casein, the surfactant, the preservative and the blocking agent with the prepared HEPES buffer solution to form a mixed solution, stirring to dissolve the mixed solution, and finally adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 7-8.
8. The method for preparing a sample diluent according to claim 7, wherein: and (3) carrying out constant volume by using triple distilled water in the process of preparing the HEPES buffer solution.
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