CN114857038B - An Experimental Platform for Reproducing the Cavitation Phenomenon of Axial Flow Pumps - Google Patents
An Experimental Platform for Reproducing the Cavitation Phenomenon of Axial Flow Pumps Download PDFInfo
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- CN114857038B CN114857038B CN202210465402.3A CN202210465402A CN114857038B CN 114857038 B CN114857038 B CN 114857038B CN 202210465402 A CN202210465402 A CN 202210465402A CN 114857038 B CN114857038 B CN 114857038B
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- water pump
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
- F04D15/0088—Testing machines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
- F04D29/669—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for liquid pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D3/00—Axial-flow pumps
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于抗空蚀测试设备领域。The invention belongs to the field of anti-cavitation test equipment.
背景技术Background technique
空蚀是水泵等水力机械过流部件的主要损伤形式。在空蚀、腐蚀、锈蚀等多种因素的作用下水泵叶片表面大面积剥落,形成有突起和穴孔的蜂窝状表面,导致泵的使用寿命大为缩短、运行效率降低、振动加剧,给泵站的安全可靠运行造成威胁。Cavitation erosion is the main damage form of water pumps and other hydraulic machinery flow components. Under the action of various factors such as cavitation, corrosion, and rust, the surface of the pump blades peels off in a large area, forming a honeycomb surface with protrusions and holes, which greatly shortens the service life of the pump, reduces operating efficiency, and aggravates vibration. It poses a threat to the safe and reliable operation of the station.
在过流部件表面涂覆有机涂层是一种有效的提高材料抗空蚀效果的表面工程技术,有机涂层成本低、施工简单、涂层修复方便、抗空蚀效果好、空蚀过程可以有效地降低基体材料发生电化学腐蚀的可能性等优点。利用有机涂层对材料提空蚀保护在未来抗空蚀领域必将占据重要地位。Coating organic coatings on the surface of wetted parts is an effective surface engineering technology to improve the anti-cavitation effect of materials. Organic coatings have low cost, simple construction, convenient coating repair, good anti-cavitation effect, and the cavitation process can be Effectively reduce the possibility of electrochemical corrosion of the base material and other advantages. The use of organic coatings to protect materials against cavitation will play an important role in the field of cavitation resistance in the future.
而目前有机涂层的抗空蚀研究仅通过超声波气蚀机进行研究,但该方式与真实的水泵空化现象有较大差别。针对该问题,有必要复现真实工况下水泵的空蚀,来验证涂层的有效性。而复现真实水泵的方式需要一套可自行升降的,快速拆解,安全可靠的试验台,但这种试验台目前在本领域属于一项空白。At present, the anti-cavitation research of organic coatings is only carried out by ultrasonic cavitation machine, but this method is quite different from the real water pump cavitation phenomenon. To solve this problem, it is necessary to reproduce the cavitation erosion of the water pump under real working conditions to verify the effectiveness of the coating. The way to reproduce a real water pump requires a set of self-lifting, quick disassembly, safe and reliable test bench, but this kind of test bench is currently a blank in this field.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决上述问题,本发明提供了一种复现轴流水泵空蚀现象实验台,本发明所采用的技术方案具体如下:In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an experimental platform for reproducing the cavitation phenomenon of axial flow pumps. The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:
一种复现轴流水泵空蚀现象实验台,该实验台主要包括起吊架1和支撑架7,An experimental bench for reproducing the cavitation phenomenon of an axial flow pump, the experimental bench mainly includes a
其中,起吊架1上固定安装两条平行的水平滑道2,电机2与嵌入在水平滑道2中的滑轮连接,滑轮通过固定在电机2上面的微型电机4驱动,可实现电机2的水平方向移动;同时电机2与钢绳5的一端相连,钢绳5另一端与连接头6上端相连,通过电机2旋转,钢绳5可自由缠绕,通过钢绳5的旋转使得连接头6可进行升降,连接头6与用于固定水泵的支撑架7相连,在连接头6的带动下实现竖直方向的移动。Among them, two parallel
支撑架7的下方设有一个无线压力传感器14,该传感器向控制系统传输压力信号,当压力信号大于设定阈值时,由控制系统驱动电机2运转升起支撑架7,当压力信号小于设定阈值时,由控制系统驱动电机2运转放下支撑架7,使得水泵维持到一个适宜的高度。A
所述的水平滑道2,其水平方向的长度为1-100米,钢绳5的长度为1-100米。The
所述的支撑架7为笼型结构,支撑架7上端设有锥型托8,所述锥型托8与起吊架1中的连接头6尾部相连接,连接头6尾部与锥型托8采用相同的锥形结构,连接头6尾部有多个内嵌的伸缩块13设置在锥型托8下端面处,该伸缩块13在不受力情况下为弹开状态,使连接头6与锥型托8紧密连接。The
若想将锥型托8与连接头6分离,只需要将伸缩块13向内部挤压,伸缩块13被挤压到连接头6内部,通过向上拉伸钢绳5实现分离,当伸缩块13不受外力时,内部的弹簧自动弹开,因此伸缩块13回到最初的位置。若想将连接头6与锥型托8再次连接,只需自由降落钢绳5,伸缩块13在下落过程中会受到来自锥型托8内侧壁的压力,自动回缩,当伸缩块13全部露出时,此时不再受力,伸缩块13又回到最初的位置,实现了相连。If you want to separate the
所述支撑架7上固定有两道水平的圆杠9,锥型托8下方设有两个紧固板10,两个紧固板10套在支撑架7上的两道圆杠9上,可在圆杠9上自由滑动,两个紧固板10之间使用螺栓固定,可以根据水泵的直径对进行螺栓长度调节,通过螺栓将水泵与紧固板10紧密连接在一起,防止水泵在运行过程中由于振动从支撑架7上脱落。Two
支撑架7底部设有水泵支撑板11,水泵支撑板11上设有泵底槽12,该泵底槽12用于放置水泵的底部,起到紧固水泵底部的作用。The bottom of the
本发明的有益效果:Beneficial effects of the present invention:
本发明所提供的复现轴流水泵空蚀现象实验台,在水泵还实海环境不断发生涨潮与落潮的情况下能够自动控制支撑架的升降使得水泵维持到一个适宜的高度,一方面可以避免涨潮时潮水过大,导致水泵进口压力过大,进而使得空蚀现象消失,无法得到有效的空蚀数据的问题,另一方面也可以降低落潮时由于水泵进口压力锐减,空蚀现象严重而烧坏水泵电机的风险。The experimental platform for reproducing the cavitation phenomenon of axial flow water pumps provided by the present invention can automatically control the lifting of the support frame so that the water pumps can be maintained at a suitable height when the water pumps are still in the sea environment and the tides are constantly rising and falling. When the tide is too high, the inlet pressure of the pump is too high, and the cavitation phenomenon disappears, and the cavitation data cannot be obtained. Risk of burning out the water pump motor.
本发明不仅可以快速调整轴流水泵的水平及竖直位置,同时也方便拆卸,具有安全可靠的特点。The invention not only can quickly adjust the horizontal and vertical positions of the axial flow water pump, but also is convenient for disassembly, and has the characteristics of safety and reliability.
本发明可以根据水泵的直径进行调节固定,可以用于各种规格的轴流水泵实验。The invention can be adjusted and fixed according to the diameter of the water pump, and can be used for axial flow water pump experiments of various specifications.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1复现轴流水泵空蚀现象实验台结构图。Figure 1 Structural diagram of the test bench for reproducing the cavitation phenomenon of axial flow pumps.
图2锥型托、连接头及伸缩块部分结构剖视放大图。Figure 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the partial structure of the tapered support, the connector and the telescopic block.
图3为控制系统控制逻辑框图。Figure 3 is a control logic block diagram of the control system.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面以具体实施例的形式对本发明技术方案做进一步的解释和说明。The technical solutions of the present invention will be further explained and illustrated in the form of specific examples below.
本实施例中一种复现轴流水泵空蚀现象实验台,该实验台主要包括起吊架1和支撑架7,In this embodiment, an experimental bench for reproducing the cavitation phenomenon of an axial flow water pump mainly includes a lifting
其中,起吊架1上固定安装两条平行的水平滑道2,电机2与嵌入在水平滑道2中的滑轮连接,滑轮通过固定在电机2上面的微型电机4驱动,可实现电机2的水平方向移动;同时电机2与钢绳5的一端相连,钢绳5另一端与连接头6上端相连,通过电机2旋转,钢绳5可自由缠绕,通过钢绳5的旋转使得连接头6可进行升降,连接头6与用于固定水泵的支撑架7相连,在连接头6的带动下实现测试水泵的高度调节。Among them, two parallel
支撑架7的下方设有一个无线压力传感器14,该传感器向控制系统传输压力信号,控制系统具体的控制逻辑如下:A
1)不断调整支撑架7的高度,记录发生空蚀现象时无线压力传感器14记录的压力值,将发生空蚀现象的最高压力设定为高阈值,在保证设备安全的前提下根据实验情况设定压力的低阈值;1) Constantly adjust the height of the
2)在实验过程中,由无线压力传感器14获取的压力值传输压力信号给控制系统;2) During the experiment, the pressure value obtained by the
3)判断压力值是否大于等于设定低阈值,若为否则由控制系统驱动电机2运转放下支撑架7,若为是则继续判断压力值是否大于高阈值;3) Judging whether the pressure value is greater than or equal to the set low threshold, if otherwise, the control system drives the
4)若压力值大于设定高阈值时,由控制系统驱动电机2运转升起支撑架7;若压力值小于等于设定高阈值时,控制系统不会向电机2发生升降信号。4) If the pressure value is greater than the set high threshold, the control system drives the
通过上述控制逻辑使得水泵维持在一个适宜的高度范围内。Through the above control logic, the water pump is maintained within an appropriate height range.
所述的水平滑道2,其水平方向的长度为1-100米,钢绳5的长度为1-100米。The
所述的支撑架7为笼型结构,支撑架7上端设有锥型托8,所述锥型托8与起吊架1中的连接头6尾部相连接,连接头6尾部与锥型托8采用相同的锥形结构,连接头6尾部有多个内嵌的伸缩块13设置在锥型托8下端面处,该伸缩块13在不受力情况下为弹开状态,使连接头6与锥型托8紧密连接。The
若想将锥型托8与连接头6分离,只需要将伸缩块13向内部挤压,伸缩块13被挤压到连接头6内部,通过向上拉伸钢绳5实现分离,当伸缩块13不受外力时,内部的弹簧自动弹开,因此伸缩块13回到最初的位置。若想将连接头6与锥型托8再次连接,只需自由降落钢绳5,伸缩块13在下落过程中会受到来自锥型托8内侧壁的压力,自动回缩,当伸缩块13全部露出时,此时不再受力,伸缩块13又回到最初的位置,实现了相连。If you want to separate the
所述支撑架7上固定有两道水平的圆杠9,锥型托8下方设有两个紧固板10,两个紧固板10套在支撑架7上的两道圆杠9上,可在圆杠9上自由滑动,两个紧固板10之间使用螺栓固定,可以根据水泵的直径对进行螺栓长度调节,通过螺栓将水泵与紧固板10紧密连接在一起,防止水泵在运行过程中由于振动从支撑架7上脱落。Two
支撑架7底部设有水泵支撑板11,水泵支撑板11上设有泵底槽12,该泵底槽12用于放置水泵的底部,起到紧固水泵底部的作用。The bottom of the
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CN113137328A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-20 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Movable horizontal shaft tidal current energy water turbine energy increasing device and control method |
CN113981928A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-01-28 | 宋有为 | Water surface garbage cleaning device |
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JP3188697U (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2014-02-06 | 篤 国府田 | Power generator |
CN204511759U (en) * | 2015-04-03 | 2015-07-29 | 大连理工大学 | An adjustable pendulum wave energy generating device |
CN205958989U (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2017-02-15 | 长沙学院 | Heterogeneous stream erosion cavitation corrosion and corruption comprehensive experiment platform data collection and control device |
CN106287117A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-04 | 赵恕轲 | A kind of adjustable type pumping plant machine unit support |
CN113137328A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-20 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Movable horizontal shaft tidal current energy water turbine energy increasing device and control method |
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