CN114856898A

CN114856898A - Tidal power station

Info

Publication number: CN114856898A
Application number: CN202210514100.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙汉东
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-05-12
Filing date: 2022-05-12
Publication date: 2022-08-05
Anticipated expiration: 2042-05-12
Also published as: CN114856898B

Abstract

The invention provides a tidal power station which comprises a dam body, wherein a power generation assembly is arranged in the dam body, the power generation assembly comprises a power shaft connected with a motor, and a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the dam body at intervals along the length direction of the dam body; each water turbine assembly is arranged in each mounting hole and comprises a wheel shaft vertically arranged in the dam body, at least one water turbine single body is arranged on the wheel shaft from top to bottom, and the wheel shaft is connected with the power shaft through a transmission mechanism and drives the power shaft to rotate; and the positions of the front side wall and the rear side wall of the dam body corresponding to each water turbine monomer are respectively provided with a front channel, a front gate for controlling the opening and closing of the front channel, a rear channel and a rear gate for controlling the opening and closing of the rear channel. When the tide rises or falls, the front gates and the rear gates are opened at the same height for water inflow, so that more tide can be utilized, and larger power generation capacity can be achieved.

Description

Tidal power station

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of tidal power generation, and particularly relates to a tidal power station.

Background

Tidal power generation is a renewable, inexhaustible and efficient clean energy source. However, as coastal coasts in China mostly belong to low-tide sea areas below 5 meters, the fall of seawater is small, and the potential energy is small. In addition, the dam site selection, the water turbine design and the motor set design of the existing tidal water power station are relatively backward, and the kinetic energy and potential energy of tidal water cannot be fully utilized, so that the development and utilization of tidal energy are seriously influenced. Taking the experimental power station for river-summer tidal energy in Taizhou Zhejiang province as an example, the station is built up in 58 years to the present, and in more than half century, no icon is provided in the technology, the equipment is old, and the generated energy is less. Cannot be copied and popularized. Except for the small tidal power station, the development and utilization of tidal energy are almost blank. The electricity consumption in coastal areas is large, the electricity needs to be transmitted from a distance at present, and a novel tidal energy source for on-site power generation is needed.

Patent CN111075635A discloses a novel tidal power generation device, which comprises a hollow dam body, wherein at least one group of power generation assemblies is arranged in the dam body, each power generation assembly comprises a power shaft with one end connected with a generator, and at least one group of water turbine assemblies is fixedly arranged on the power shaft; the water turbine assembly comprises at least two concentric water turbine single bodies which are arranged in series in a transverse row and have different diameters; the front side wall of the dam body is provided with a front water inlet channel, a front water outlet channel, a front water inlet gate for controlling the opening and closing of the front water inlet channel and a front water outlet gate for controlling the opening and closing of the front water outlet channel, and the bottom of the front water outlet channel is flush with the ground plane of the front side of the dam body; the rear side wall of the dam body is provided with a rear water inlet channel and a rear water inlet gate corresponding to the front water inlet channel; each water turbine monomer corresponds to a respective front water inlet channel and a respective rear water inlet channel; the front water outlet channel and the rear water outlet channel correspond to the water turbine monomer with the smallest diameter at the position of the dam body; when tide rises, the front water gate and the rear water gate are opened from a low position to a high position in sequence, so that tide water passes through the corresponding front water channel and the water turbine single bodies with the diameters from small to large in sequence to push the water turbine assembly to rotate; when the tide moves back, tide water in the reservoir impacts the corresponding water turbine single body from the rear water outlet channel, so that the water turbine assembly rotates and then flows away through the front water outlet channel. The above-mentioned hydraulic turbine monomer that sets up a plurality of different diameters in the hydraulic turbine subassembly, the hydraulic turbine monomer of different diameters is corresponded to the gate of different heights, and the time that can all almost rise tide and move back the tide of effectual utilization generates electricity. However, the gate of the tidal power generation device is limited in each height, and the available tidal power is limited.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a tidal power station.

The object of the invention is achieved in the following way: a tidal power station comprises a dam body, wherein a power generation assembly is arranged in the dam body, the power generation assembly comprises a power shaft connected with a motor, and a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the dam body at intervals along the length direction of the dam body; each water turbine assembly is arranged in each mounting hole and comprises a wheel shaft vertically arranged in the dam body, at least one water turbine single body is arranged on the wheel shaft from top to bottom, and the wheel shaft is connected with the power shaft through a transmission mechanism and drives the power shaft to rotate; and the positions of the front side wall and the rear side wall of the dam body corresponding to each water turbine monomer are respectively provided with a front channel, a front gate for controlling the opening and closing of the front channel, a rear channel and a rear gate for controlling the opening and closing of the rear channel.

Each water turbine single body of the same water turbine assembly is separated by a partition plate; the partition plate is fixed on the wheel shaft.

Each water turbine monomer comprises a plurality of blades circumferentially arranged on the wheel shaft, each blade comprises a middle baffle fixed with the wheel shaft, and an upper baffle, a lower baffle and an inner baffle are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the middle baffle and at one end close to the wheel shaft.

The dam comprises a dam body and is characterized in that at least one navigation water channel for separating the dam body is arranged on the length direction of the dam body at intervals, auxiliary water retaining dams are arranged on two sides of the navigation water channel, and the upper ends of the two auxiliary water retaining dams are connected through a connecting protection plate.

The lower end of the wheel shaft is provided with an open type reverse pressure bearing, and the outer ring of the open type reverse pressure bearing is fixed in the dam body.

The overall shapes of the front dam face and the rear dam face of the dam body are respectively arch faces with different bending directions, and the double-arch dam body with a wide middle and narrow two ends is formed.

The dam body is arranged at the lowest point of the tide falling at the sea entrance and the starting point of the flood tide.

Compared with the prior art, the water turbine assembly is vertically arranged in the dam body, and each water turbine single body is provided with a front channel and a rear channel. When the tide rises or falls, the front gates and the rear gates are opened at the same height for tide water to enter, so that more tide water can be utilized, and larger generating capacity is achieved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic overall view of a power plant (power shaft omitted).

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged portion of the navigable waterway in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is another schematic view of the power plant (power shaft omitted).

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged portion of the navigable waterway in fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the turbine assembly within the mounting hole.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a turbine assembly.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a portion of a dam.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a portion of a power shaft.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a portion of a power shaft connection.

Wherein, 1 is a power shaft, 2 is a dam body, 20 is a mounting hole, 21 is a front channel, 22 is a rear channel, 3 is a water turbine component, 30 is a wheel shaft, 31 is a water turbine monomer, 32 is a partition plate, 310 is a blade, 33 is an open type reverse pressure bearing, 5 is a navigation waterway, 50 is a water retaining sub-dam, and 51 is a connecting guard plate.

Detailed Description

In the present invention, unless otherwise specifically defined and limited, technical terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. The terms "connected", "fixed", "arranged" and the like are to be understood in a broad sense, and may be fixedly connected, detachably connected or integrated; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; either mechanically or electrically. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features, or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Furthermore, a first feature may be "on" or "over" or "above" a second feature, and the like, may be directly on or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature "under" or "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser level than the second feature. Relational terms such as first, second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Terms used in the description such as "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "length", "width", "thickness", "height", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up", "down", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation and be operated.

The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. As shown in fig. 1-9, a tidal power station comprises a dam body 2, wherein a power generation assembly is arranged in the dam body 2, the power generation assembly comprises a power shaft 1 connected with a motor, and a plurality of mounting holes 20 are arranged in the dam body 2 at intervals along the length direction of the dam body 2; each water turbine assembly 3 is arranged in each mounting hole 20, each water turbine assembly 3 comprises a wheel shaft 30 vertically arranged in the dam body 2, at least one water turbine monomer 31 is arranged on the wheel shaft 30 from top to bottom, and the wheel shaft 30 is connected with the power shaft 1 through a transmission mechanism and drives the power shaft 1 to rotate; the front side wall and the rear side wall of the dam body 2 corresponding to the position of each water turbine single body 31 are respectively provided with a front channel 21, a front gate for controlling the opening and closing of the front channel 21, a rear channel 22 and a rear gate for controlling the opening and closing of the rear channel 22. The vertical arrangement here includes a vertical direction as well as an approximately vertical direction, for example a direction within 15 degrees of inclination. Wherein, the power shaft 1 is horizontally arranged, and the horizontal direction includes a horizontal direction and a direction close to the horizontal direction. The transmission mechanism may be a pair of bevel gears, the bevel gears are disposed on the upper ends of the wheel shafts 30, and the bevel gears are disposed on the power shaft 1 corresponding to the positions of each wheel shaft 30. The power of the plurality of wheel shafts 30 is transmitted to the power shaft 1 through the bevel gear. The power shaft 1 is preferably arranged above or at the upper end of the dam body 2, and is convenient to install and maintain. In the invention, a plurality of water turbine assemblies 3 are vertically arranged in the dam body 2, and each water turbine single body 31 is provided with a front channel 21 and a rear channel 22. When the tide rises or falls, the front gates and the rear gates are opened at the same height for tide water to enter, so that more tide water can be utilized, and larger generating capacity is achieved. The structure of the front gate and the rear gate adopts the structure and the manufacturing method of the reservoir gate in the prior art.

Each water turbine single body 31 of the same water turbine assembly 3 is separated by a partition plate 32; the partition 32 is fixed to the axle 30; the entire hydro-turbine assembly plus the diaphragm 32 can be installed and removed as a unit. The partition 32 serves as a seal. The shape of the mounting hole 20 corresponds to the shape of the partition 32, thereby dividing one mounting hole 20 into several spaces. The mounting hole 20 may have a circular shape with a radius slightly larger than that of the diaphragm 32, and the inner wall of the mounting hole 20 is in close contact with the outer circumference of the diaphragm 32 in a state where there is no friction but the gap is small.

Each water turbine single body 31 comprises a plurality of blades 310 circumferentially arranged on the hub 30, a middle baffle plate is fixed between the blades 310 and the hub 30, and an upper baffle plate, a lower baffle plate and an inner baffle plate are respectively arranged at the upper end, the lower end and the end close to the hub 30 of the middle baffle plate. The shape of the single leaf 310 resembles a two-sided drawer. The blades 310 of the turbine and the turbine may also be of conventional construction and will not be described in detail. The upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate of the whole water turbine can be connected into a whole, so that the strength is increased. The single water turbine 31 may also be an integral cylinder, and concave buckets are uniformly distributed on the cylinder along the outer circumference.

At least one navigation water channel for separating the dam body 2 is arranged on the length direction of the dam body 2 at intervals, auxiliary water retaining dams 50 are arranged on two sides of the navigation water channel, and the upper ends of the two auxiliary water retaining dams are connected through a connecting protection plate 51.

An open type reverse pressure bearing 33 is arranged at the lower end of the wheel shaft 30, and the outer ring of the open type reverse pressure bearing 33 is fixed in the dam body 2. The wheel axle 30 as well as the power shaft 1 can be coupled by several shafts via couplings. The two ends of the power shaft 1 can be provided with male and female connectors, and the power shaft 1 with different sections can be connected through the male and female connectors. Other conventional bearings may also be provided at the lower end of the axle 30.

The overall shapes of the front dam surface and the rear dam surface of the dam body 2 are respectively arch surfaces with different bending directions, so that the double-arch dam body 2 with a wide middle and narrow two ends is formed.

The dam body is arranged at the lowest point of the falling tide at the sea entrance and the initial point of the rising tide

Compared with the existing tidal power station, the invention has the following advantages:

the dam site of the tidal power station is more forward than the dam site of the tidal power station in the past, and the kinetic energy and potential energy of tidal water can be more favorably utilized. In the current tidal power station, the dam site is generally selected to be far away from the sea entrance in order to facilitate shipping and production and life of local fishermen. In the flood tide section, the kinetic energy of the tidal water is seriously consumed due to the resistance of riverbed and bank rock in the process of the remote propulsion of the tidal water, and the kinetic energy of the tidal water entering the dam is less than one tenth of the kinetic energy of the tidal water in the initial section of the tidal water. Taking the Zhejiang river and summer super energy test power station as an example, the tidal barrage can hardly utilize the strong kinetic energy of the initial section of the tidal water at a place which is more than 10 kilometers away from the sea entrance because of the current technological level. The gravity reason that the Zhejiang river and summer tide energy power station cannot improve the installed capacity is that the novel tide energy power station requires the dam body 2 to be built at the place where the tide rising initial point and the tide falling lowest point meet, so that the possibility is provided for fully utilizing the strong kinetic energy of the tide water at the tide rising initial stage. In addition, the tidal barrage is close to the sea entrance, and the design of a plurality of layers of dozens of large dam-entering tidal water gates and hundreds of large dam-entering tidal water gates is added, so that the dam-entering tidal water is doubled and increased by dozens of times in a flood tide period. When the power station is remoistened, because the amount of the trapped moisture is large in the moisture rising period, the impact force of the remoistened water on the water turbine is large, so that the strong kinetic energy of the moisture in the moisture rising period can be utilized, and the installed capacity of the power station is improved.

The design of the water turbine of the present invention is greatly improved and enhanced over the past. In the comparison document, the dam inlet tidal water gate is less, and the tidal water is blocked and stored less in a tide rising time period, so that a high-power generator cannot be driven to generate electricity. The water turbine assembly 3 is arranged into a vertically arranged and transverse multi-row water turbine monomer 31, an abacus bead type water turbine assembly is formed by vertically overlapping and serially connecting, the dam site is selected at an inlet, tidal water kinetic energy is large, and a plurality of water turbine units can drive a high-power generator.

In addition, the invention also creatively designs the navigation water channel in the middle of the dam body 2, which can effectively solve the contradiction between power generation and production and life of local masses, thereby advancing the dam building address of the tidal power station, such as moving to the position of the sea entrance. As described above, the change in the dam site may allow the tidal power plant to utilize more tidal energy and generate more power.

In the specific implementation: in the rising tide process, the water level gradually rises, the gate of the dam body 2 is gradually opened from bottom to top, the corresponding front channel 21 and the corresponding rear channel 22 are opened, and the tide water enters the dam body 2 from the rear channel 22 to push the impeller to rotate, so that the wheel shaft 30 is driven to rotate. The wheel shaft 30 transmits power to the power shaft 1 to generate electricity. After the upper gate is opened, the lower gate starts to be closed until the flood tide is finished. When the tide comes back, the gate of the dam body 2 is gradually opened from top to bottom, the corresponding front channel 21 and the corresponding rear channel 22 are opened, the tide enters the dam body 2 from the front channel 21 to push the impeller to rotate, so that the wheel shaft 30 is driven to rotate, and the tide flows out from the rear channel 22. The dynamic energy of the tide water can be utilized in the rising tide stage and the falling tide stage. In the ebb tide process, after the lower gate is opened, the upper gate can be closed or can be kept in an opened state, and the next ebb tide is known.

The features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and the combination of the features is not contradictory, and should be considered as a range described in the present specification. The technical solution according to the present invention and equivalents or changes thereof, as well as several changes and modifications made therein, should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention without departing from the overall concept of the present invention.

Claims

1. The tidal power station comprises a dam body, wherein a power generation assembly is arranged in the dam body, and the power generation assembly comprises a power shaft connected with a motor, and is characterized in that: a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the interior of the dam body at intervals along the length direction of the dam body; each water turbine assembly is arranged in each mounting hole and comprises a wheel shaft vertically arranged in the dam body, at least one water turbine single body is arranged on the wheel shaft from top to bottom, and the wheel shaft is connected with the power shaft through a transmission mechanism and drives the power shaft to rotate; and the positions of the front side wall and the rear side wall of the dam body corresponding to each water turbine monomer are respectively provided with a front channel, a front gate for controlling the opening and closing of the front channel, a rear channel and a rear gate for controlling the opening and closing of the rear channel.

2. A tidal power station according to claim 1 wherein: each water turbine monomer of the same water turbine assembly is separated by a partition plate; the partition plate is fixed on the wheel shaft.

3. A tidal power station according to claim 2 wherein: each water turbine monomer comprises a plurality of blades circumferentially arranged on the wheel shaft, each blade comprises a middle baffle fixed with the wheel shaft, and an upper baffle, a lower baffle and an inner baffle are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the middle baffle and at one end close to the wheel shaft.

4. A tidal power station according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the dam comprises a dam body and is characterized in that at least one navigation water channel for separating the dam body is arranged on the length direction of the dam body at intervals, auxiliary water retaining dams are arranged on two sides of the navigation water channel, and the upper ends of the two auxiliary water retaining dams are connected through a connecting protection plate.

5. A tidal power station as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the lower end of the wheel shaft is provided with an open type reverse pressure bearing, and the outer ring of the open type reverse pressure bearing is fixed in the dam body.

6. A tidal power station as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the overall shapes of the front dam face and the rear dam face of the dam body are respectively arch faces with different bending directions, and the double-arch dam body with a wide middle and narrow two ends is formed.

7. A tidal power station as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the dam body is arranged at the lowest point of the tide falling at the sea entrance and the starting point of the flood tide.