CN114856524B - Method for increasing yield and capacity of salt mine drilling water-soluble exploitation - Google Patents

Method for increasing yield and capacity of salt mine drilling water-soluble exploitation Download PDF

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CN114856524B
CN114856524B CN202210571248.8A CN202210571248A CN114856524B CN 114856524 B CN114856524 B CN 114856524B CN 202210571248 A CN202210571248 A CN 202210571248A CN 114856524 B CN114856524 B CN 114856524B
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well
cavity
salt
exploitation
brine
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CN114856524A (en
Inventor
尉欣星
施锡林
马洪岭
李银平
杨春和
薛天富
杨昆
董志凯
刘元玺
赵阿虎
黄军
任必锐
刘凯
付星辉
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Jiangsu Suyan Jingshen Co ltd
Wuhan Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics of CAS
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Jiangsu Suyan Jingshen Co ltd
Wuhan Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics of CAS
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/28Dissolving minerals other than hydrocarbons, e.g. by an alkaline or acid leaching agent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01DCOMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
    • C01D3/00Halides of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
    • C01D3/04Chlorides
    • C01D3/08Preparation by working up natural or industrial salt mixtures or siliceous minerals
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/10Geothermal energy

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of salt mine water-soluble exploitation and salt cavern gas storage water-soluble cavity making, in particular to a salt mine drilling water-soluble exploitation yield-increasing capacity-increasing method, which comprises the following steps: detecting the smoothness of a vertical well and an inclined well; finding out the development condition of the top of the solution cavity at the straight well end and the inclined well end in a logging or sonar cavity measuring data mode; determining a target point of the top plate of the predicted horizontal channel based on the logging or sonar cavity measurement data and in combination with drilling and exploitation data; drilling a new well on the ground surface where the target point is located until the new well is communicated with the horizontal section at the bottom of the salt cavity; drilling and cementing through the lowest point, then injecting water for dissolution, and recovering brine through a vertical well or an inclined well to promote the salt layer in the middle of the U-shaped cavity to be finally dissolved. The invention solves the problem of insufficient salt mine exploitation in a horizontal well, not only can promote the salt mine recovery rate to be improved by more than 50%, but also can enlarge the salt cavity volume by more than 50%.

Description

Method for increasing yield and capacity of salt mine drilling water-soluble exploitation
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of salt mine water-soluble exploitation and salt cavern gas storage water-soluble cavity making, in particular to a method for increasing yield and capacity of salt mine drilling water-soluble exploitation.
Background
The salt mine resources in China are rich, about 105 places of stone salt deposits are found, and the NaCl resource storage amount is up to 14.6 trillion t. Meanwhile, china is the country with the maximum production of the mine salt in the world, the annual production of the mine salt in 2014 is 4800 ten thousand t, the annual production of the mine salt in 2018 is 5306t, and the underground space volume of the mine can reach 2000 multiplied by 10 in the next few years 4 m 3 The above.
At present, salt mine in China usually adopts a horizontal butt-joint well water-soluble exploitation mode, and the exploitation process is that firstly, a vertical well is drilled to enable the earth surface to be communicated with the bottom of a salt mine layer, then, an inclined well is drilled at a position 250-350 m away from the vertical well, the manufacturing rate of the inclined well is generally 0.4 degrees/m, and the length of a horizontal section positioned at the bottom of the salt mine is ensured to be 150-200 m. After drilling, the tail end of the horizontal end of the inclined well is communicated with the vertical well at the bottom of the salt mine, fresh water is injected into one well, brine is formed after the salt mine layer is dissolved, the brine returns out of the ground from the other well under the action of residual water injection pressure, the water injection well and the brine outlet well are replaced regularly, the salt is prevented from crystallizing on the pipe wall, and pipe cutting, well repairing and other works are carried out according to actual exploitation working conditions, so that the aim of salt mine layer exploitation is fulfilled.
Bulletin (60 th in 2018) requirement of "three-rate" minimum index requirement (trial) for reasonable development and utilization of mineral resources such as coal bed gas, oil shale, silver, zirconium, wollastonite, diatomite and salt mine by natural resource department, rock salt deposit is mainly mined by drilling water-soluble method, and mining recovery rate is not less than 23%. In the horizontal butt joint well water-soluble exploitation process, as the upward dissolution speed of the salt rock is larger than the lateral dissolution speed, according to the salt rock water-soluble rule, the exploitation mode generally forms a concave-shaped solution cavity with high two ends and low middle, so that the recovery rate is difficult to reach the national requirements.
In addition, the rock salt is taken as an excellent storage medium and is an important development direction for the construction of salt cavern gas storage. However, the traditional single-well oil pad water-soluble cavity-making technology is slow in construction and long in period, so that a proper salt mine stratum is difficult to find by adopting the traditional technology. It is therefore necessary to find a suitable old cavity from the above-mentioned existing dissolution cavities. However, the "concave" type solution chamber formed by this technique sometimes has a smaller volume, resulting in a lower reservoir capacity, thereby reducing the economics of the existing solution chamber to rebuild the reservoir.
In summary, the problems of the horizontal butt joint well water-soluble exploitation mode mainly exist as follows: 1) The U-shaped salt layer in the middle of the two wells (the inclined well and the vertical well) is not fully exploited, the salt mine recovery rate is low, and a large amount of mineral resources are wasted; 2) The original volume of the partial solution cavity is smaller, so that the volume of the existing solution cavity reconstruction energy underground reservoir is difficult to ensure, and the reservoir establishment economy is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a method for increasing yield and capacity of salt mine drilling water-soluble exploitation, which comprises the following steps:
detecting the smoothness of a vertical well or an inclined well;
the development conditions of the solution cavity top at the straight well end and the solution cavity top at the inclined well end are ascertained by logging or sonar cavity data, and the solution cavity top and the solution cavity forms at the two ends are mainly found out to ensure that the straight well and the inclined well do not have ultrahigh exploitation, so that salt-containing stratum is not damaged, and the stability of the whole old cavity is ensured;
determining a target point of the top plate of the predicted horizontal channel based on the data ascertained by the well or sonar cavity data;
drilling a new well on the ground surface where the target point is located until the new well is communicated with the horizontal section at the bottom of the salt cavity;
after the test operation is successful, cementing well, injecting fresh water or solvent into the central sleeve of the new well to dissolve salt mine, and recovering brine through the vertical well or the inclined well.
The invention has the following technical scheme: the smoothness of the vertical well or the inclined well is detected by water injection, whether the vertical well or the inclined well can be used as the vertical well or the inclined well with the volume of an underground solution cavity enlarged and brine production is detected, and one of the vertical well or the inclined well must be smooth, so that brine can be smoothly discharged after water injection and exploitation of a salt layer well in the middle of a U-shaped cavity are ensured, and if the vertical well or the inclined well is not smooth, the horizontal well is not suitable for exploitation.
The invention has the following technical scheme: and searching the lowest point of the top plate of the horizontal section at the bottom of the salt cavity based on simulation and theoretical analysis means by combining the logging data or sonar cavity data with drilling exploitation data, so as to determine a target point, wherein the deviation range of the target point determined by the morphological parameters at the top of the salt cavity is allowed to be 10-20 m.
The invention has the following technical scheme: and drilling a well at the position of the target point to form a new cavity, and observing whether brine is discharged after water injection by means of sudden drop of a drill bit (commonly called "drill falling") and water injection of a drill rod, thereby being used as a checking criterion for whether the horizontal well can continue to be mined.
The invention has the following technical scheme: the well cementation can be carried out without arranging a central sleeve and flowing out brine, and then water injection exploitation is carried out.
The invention has the following technical scheme: in the water injection process, the water injection mode is changed regularly to prevent salt from crystallizing on the pipe wall, so that the normal brine exploitation is influenced by plugging the casing.
The invention has the following technical scheme: brine is discharged in three ways: the vertical well center sleeve discharges brine, and the inclined well center sleeve discharges brine, and the vertical well center sleeve and the inclined well center sleeve jointly discharge brine.
The invention has the following technical scheme: the top of the cavity of the new cavity finally formed cannot damage the salt-bearing stratum, and water injection exploitation is stopped 30m away from the salt mine roof.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the lowest point of a horizontal channel of a salt cavity is determined through earlier-stage drilling data or theoretical analysis and simulation, drilling and well cementation are carried out through the lowest point, water injection is carried out for dissolution, brine is recovered through a vertical well or an inclined well, a salt layer in the middle of a U-shaped cavity is finally dissolved, resource utilization of horizontal well salt mine exploitation is achieved, the problem that the horizontal well exploitation is insufficient is solved, the exploitation recovery rate of salt mine is improved, the salt mine recovery rate is improved by more than 50%, the maximization of resource utilization is achieved, meanwhile, the original old cavity volume is also increased, the old cavity volume is also improved by more than 50%, and the old cavity after exploitation can become an excellent site of a gas storage. The method has the advantages of high input and output and high construction speed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained from the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a horizontal well group of a well bore of the present invention after initial production;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the selection of the lowest point of the bottom horizontal segment of the salt cavity according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of drilling at a middle target point of a salt cavity according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the central casing in the middle with fresh water injected and the brine discharged from the inclined shaft on one side;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the central casing in the middle being filled with fresh water, while the inclined and vertical wells simultaneously being drained of brine;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the dissolution result of the salt layer in the middle of the U-shaped cavity;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the method for increasing yield and capacity of salt mine drilling water-soluble exploitation.
The device comprises a 1-salt mine, a 2-hollow space, a 3-old cavity, a 4-salt mine bottom plate, a 5-vertical well, a 6-inclined well, a 7-salt mine top plate, an 8-inclined well technical sleeve, a 9-vertical well technical sleeve, a 10-U cavity middle salt layer, a 11-sediment body, a 12-salt cavity bottom horizontal section, a 13-target point, a 14-middle technical sleeve, a 15-dissolved new cavity and a 16-newly formed hollow space.
The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiments of the present invention are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. between the components in a particular posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the particular posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
Furthermore, descriptions such as those referred to as "first," "second," and the like, are provided for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implying an order of magnitude of the indicated technical features in the present disclosure. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.
Before the embodiment of the invention is described, the concepts of the old cavity 3, the salt layer 10 in the middle of the U-shaped cavity, the horizontal section 12 at the bottom of the salt cavity and the empty space 2 in the embodiment of the invention are described:
the old cavity 3 refers to a cavity formed after primary water-soluble exploitation is finished, and the old cavity 3 is shown in fig. 1.
The "U-shaped cavity middle salt layer 10" refers to a salt layer which is approximately U-shaped and is formed between two wells (a vertical well and an inclined well), and particularly refers to a cavity middle salt layer 10 in a figure 1"U.
"salt cavity bottom horizontal section 12" means a channel which is penetrated between a vertical well and an inclined well, is relatively narrow relative to the old cavity 3, and is used for connecting the two wells to be approximate to the horizontal section, and particularly, see the salt cavity bottom horizontal section 12 in fig. 1.
The "empty space 2" refers to the cavity after fresh water is injected, and the pore space at the upper part of the salt mine after the salt mine becomes brine.
The cavity formed by the end of the horizontal butt joint well water-soluble exploitation process is shown in fig. 1, the common exploitation flow is to inject fresh water through a vertical well 5, dissolve salt in the fresh water to form brine, form sediment 11 by insoluble substances to be piled up at the bottom of an old cavity 3, and then drain brine from an inclined well 6 through a horizontal section 12 at the bottom of the salt cavity under the action of residual water injection pressure, so as to realize water injection and brine drainage exploitation of the salt mine 1.
Referring to fig. 7, in an embodiment of the present invention, a method for increasing production and capacity of salt mine drilling water-soluble exploitation includes the following steps:
s100, detecting the smoothness of a vertical well or an inclined well; referring to fig. 1, the change in water injection pressure can be observed by injecting water into the vertical well 5 or the inclined well 6, and if the water injection pressure is not high, it is indicated that the well is unobstructed. The step is taken as a basic condition for exploitation of the salt layer 10 in the middle of the subsequent U-shaped cavity, and one of the two wells of the vertical well 5 or the inclined well 6 is ensured to be unobstructed, so that brine can be exploited after water is injected into the subsequent middle well, and the salt layer 10 in the middle of the U-shaped cavity can be fully utilized.
If the vertical well 5 or the inclined well 6 is not smooth, breakthrough can be tried through a pressurized water injection mode, so that at least one of the vertical well and the inclined well is communicated, and if the vertical well and the inclined well cannot be smooth all the time, the well is not suitable for being used as a site for expanding the underground solution cavity volume of the horizontal well;
s200, finding out the development condition of the solution cavity top at the straight well end and the solution cavity top at the inclined well end in a logging or sonar cavity data mode, and mainly finding out the solution cavity forms at the top and the two ends of the solution cavity to ensure that the straight well and the inclined well have no ultrahigh exploitation, so that the salt-containing stratum is not damaged, and the stability of the whole old cavity is ensured;
s300, referring to FIG. 2, determining a target point 13 of the top plate of the predicted horizontal channel based on the data ascertained by the well or sonar cavity data;
the target point 13 for determining the top plate of the horizontal section 12 at the bottom of the salt chamber is in the following ways:
mode one: based on the early sonar cavity measurement data and the drilling data of the vertical well and the inclined well, FLAC can be simulated by simulation software 3D Or the simulation software such as ANYS and the like determines the basic form of the solution cavity, and can also determine the target point 13 through a geometric analysis theory;
mode two: theoretical analysis can be performed based on the advanced sonar cavity measurement data and the drilling data of the vertical well and the inclined well, a horizontal well exploitation form schematic diagram is drawn, and a drawing target point 13 is determined through a salt cavity horizontal section 12, see fig. 2.
After the morphological parameters of the middle salt layer 10 in the middle U-shaped cavity are obtained, the best scheme is to select the target point 13 for dissolution of the salt layer 10 in the middle U-shaped cavity, so that dissolution of salt mine and brine discharge are facilitated.
S400, referring to FIG. 3, a new well is drilled on the surface of the target point until the new well is communicated with the horizontal section 12 at the bottom of the salt cavity;
after the target point 13 is determined through the steps, drilling is carried out on the ground where the target point 13 is located, drilling operations are carried out at the middle positions of the vertical well and the inclined well by combining the drilling track, drilling data are recorded in the drilling process, and preparation is made for exploitation of a salt layer in the middle of the later U-shaped cavity.
Finally, the drilling is performed, so that the middle technical sleeve 14 is communicated with the horizontal section 12 at the bottom of the salt cavity, and the drilling method is that the drill bit suddenly descends, namely "falls into the horizontal section 12 at the bottom of the salt cavity", and whether the drilling is performed is judged by the method.
S500, referring to FIG. 3, after the test operation is successful, cementing well, injecting fresh water or solvent into the middle technical sleeve 14 of the new well to dissolve salt mine, and recovering brine through the vertical well or the inclined well.
When the drill pipe at the position of the middle technical sleeve 14 is communicated with the horizontal section 12 at the bottom of the salt cavity, trial operation is performed to ensure that salt mine after well cementation can be collected, fresh water is injected through the drill pipe which is not withdrawn yet, whether brine flows out of the vertical well 5 and the inclined well 6 in the old cavity 3 is observed, and when the brine is found to flow out, the middle central sleeve 13 is communicated with the old cavity 3, and meanwhile, the possibility of collecting the salt layer 10 in the middle of the U-shaped cavity is also demonstrated.
After the test run is completed, the middle technical casing 14 can be lowered, and then the well cementation operation is performed, without lowering the central casing.
The step is illustrated by injecting fresh water or solvent through the middle technical sleeve 14 of the new well to dissolve the salt mine and recovering brine through the inclined or vertical well, see fig. 4 and 5:
after the completion of the well cementation work, fresh water or a solvent for dissolving the salt mine is injected from the middle technical sleeve 14, wherein the injected solvent can be a liquid for dissolving the salt mine 1, such as fresh water (or low-concentration salt chemical wastewater, and the concentration is generally not higher than 50 g/L);
the salt layer 10 in the middle of the U-shaped cavity is dissolved by fresh water to form a new dissolved cavity 15, the sediment body 11 is deposited at the bottom of the new dissolved cavity 15, and the formed bottom brine is discharged through the vertical well 5 or the inclined well 6 through the horizontal section 12 at the bottom of the salt cavity under the action of residual water injection pressure.
It should be noted that, in the water injection process, the water injection mode needs to be changed regularly, and common water injection modes at home and abroad are as follows: four modes of edge water injection, cutting water injection, area water injection and punctiform water injection are selected periodically, and different water injection modes are selected periodically to prevent salt from blocking a tubular column due to crystallization phenomenon in the middle technical sleeve 14, the inclined shaft technical sleeve 8 and the vertical shaft technical sleeve 9, so that the injection of fresh water and the exploitation of brine are affected.
It should be further noted that, the collection of brine may be performed by any one of the following methods:
in one way, if the vertical well 5 is blocked, after the fresh water is injected from the middle technical casing 14, the new dissolved cavity 15 is continuously enlarged, the brine passes through the old cavity 3 through the horizontal section 12 at the bottom of the salt cavity, and the brine is discharged to the brine treatment plant through the inclined well 6, see fig. 4.
In the second mode, fresh water is injected through the middle technical sleeve 14, the new cavity 15 is enlarged, brine is produced, passes through the horizontal section 12 at the bottom of the salt cavity, passes through the old cavity 3, and is discharged from the vertical well 5 and the inclined well 6 to a brine treatment plant, see fig. 5.
In the third mode, if the inclined shaft 6 is blocked, after fresh water is injected from the middle technical sleeve 14, the dissolved new cavity 15 is continuously enlarged, and brine passes through the old cavity 3 through the horizontal section 12 at the bottom of the salt cavity, and is discharged to a brine treatment plant through the vertical shaft 5.
Finally, the salt layer 10 in the middle of the U-shaped cavity is substantially dissolved, and the dissolved new cavity 15 is also substantially filled with the sediment body 11, see fig. 6. The top form of the cavity of the newly formed mining space 16 is ensured not to exceed the salt mine roof 7, i.e., the salt-bearing stratum, and mining is stopped at a distance of about thirty meters from the salt mine roof 7.
In technical effect, compared with the traditional horizontal butt-joint well exploitation mode, the salt mine drilling water-soluble exploitation mode has the advantages that the salt yield can be increased by more than 50%, the dissolving cavity volume can be increased by more than 50%, finally, the salt layer 10 in the middle of the U-shaped cavity is basically dissolved, and the cavity can also be used as an excellent site for a salt cavity gas storage, as shown in fig. 6.
The well cementation can be carried out without arranging a central sleeve and flowing out brine, and then water injection exploitation is carried out.
In the water injection process, the water injection mode is changed regularly to prevent salt from crystallizing on the pipe wall, so that the normal brine exploitation is influenced by plugging the casing.
Brine is discharged in three ways: the vertical well 5 discharges brine, the inclined well 6 discharges brine, and the vertical well 5 and the inclined well 6 jointly discharge brine.
The top of the cavity of the new cavity finally formed cannot damage the salt-bearing stratum, and water injection exploitation is stopped about 30m away from the salt mine roof 7.
It should be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed, but to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed, and that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but is intended to cover modifications, adaptations, additions and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. The method for increasing the yield and the capacity of the salt mine drilling water-soluble exploitation is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
detecting the smoothness of a vertical well or an inclined well;
the smoothness of the vertical well or the inclined well is detected by water injection;
finding out the development condition of the top of the solution cavity at the straight well end and the inclined well end in a logging or sonar cavity measuring data mode;
determining a target point of the top plate of the predicted horizontal channel based on the data ascertained by the well or sonar cavity data;
drilling a new well on the ground surface where the target point is located until the new well is communicated with the horizontal section at the bottom of the salt cavity;
drilling a well at the position of the target point to form a new cavity, and observing whether brine is discharged after water injection in a mode of suddenly descending a drill bit and injecting water into a drill rod, thereby being used as a checking criterion for whether the horizontal well can continue to be mined;
after the test operation is successful, cementing well, injecting fresh water or solvent into the middle technical sleeve of the new well to dissolve salt mine, and recovering brine through the vertical well or the inclined well;
searching the lowest point of a top plate of a horizontal section at the bottom of the salt cavity by using the logging or sonar cavity measurement data based on simulation and theoretical analysis means, so as to determine a target point, wherein the deviation range of the target point determined by the morphological parameters at the top of the salt cavity is allowed to be 10-20 m;
the well cementation can be carried out without arranging a central sleeve, and brine flows out, and then water injection exploitation is carried out;
the top of the cavity of the new cavity finally formed cannot damage the salt-bearing stratum, and water injection exploitation is stopped 30m away from the salt mine roof.
2. The method for increasing yield and capacity of salt mine drilling water-soluble exploitation according to claim 1, wherein the water injection mode is changed periodically in the water injection process to prevent the occurrence of crystallization and pipe blockage.
3. The method for increasing yield and capacity of salt mine drilling water-soluble exploitation according to claim 1, wherein the brine is discharged by three modes: the vertical well center sleeve discharges brine, and the inclined well center sleeve discharges brine, and the vertical well center sleeve and the inclined well center sleeve jointly discharge brine.
CN202210571248.8A 2022-05-24 2022-05-24 Method for increasing yield and capacity of salt mine drilling water-soluble exploitation Active CN114856524B (en)

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