CN114855908B - Dual-mode excavator - Google Patents
Dual-mode excavator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114855908B CN114855908B CN202210307264.6A CN202210307264A CN114855908B CN 114855908 B CN114855908 B CN 114855908B CN 202210307264 A CN202210307264 A CN 202210307264A CN 114855908 B CN114855908 B CN 114855908B
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- arm
- cross beam
- cutter
- cutting
- guide rail
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- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
- E02F5/02—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/96—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements for alternate or simultaneous use of different digging elements
- E02F3/961—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements for alternate or simultaneous use of different digging elements with several digging elements or tools mounted on one machine
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
- E02F5/02—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
- E02F5/08—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with digging wheels turning round an axis
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
- E02F5/02—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
- E02F5/14—Component parts for trench excavators, e.g. indicating devices travelling gear chassis, supports, skids
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F7/00—Equipment for conveying or separating excavated material
- E02F7/02—Conveying equipment mounted on a dredger
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F7/00—Equipment for conveying or separating excavated material
- E02F7/06—Delivery chutes or screening plants or mixing plants mounted on dredgers or excavators
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a dual-mode trench digging machine, and particularly relates to the technical field of trench digging. The double-mode excavator comprises a main body frame, an upright post and a travelling mechanism, wherein a hard rock excavation module and a soft rock excavation module are installed on the main body frame, the hard rock excavation module comprises a cutter head arm, a wheel type cutter head installed on the cutter head arm and a cutter head arm driving mechanism connected with the cutter head arm to drive the cutter head arm to act, and further the upper and lower positions of the wheel type cutter head are changed; the soft rock excavation module comprises a cutting arm, a cutting roller arranged on the cutting arm, and a cutting arm driving mechanism connected with the cutting arm to drive the cutting arm to act so as to change the upper and lower positions of the cutting roller. When the invention is used for excavating a composite stratum, only one of the wheel cutter and the cutting roller is required to be controlled, the whole equipment is not required to be replaced, the problem that a great amount of time is consumed when the equipment is replaced due to the fact that two kinds of equipment are required to be used in a switching mode in the prior art is solved, and the invention can greatly improve the excavating efficiency and reduce the operation cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ditch excavation, in particular to a dual-mode ditching machine.
Background
A trench excavator is an apparatus for underground engineering work, and specifically, a trench is excavated into a ground layer using such an apparatus. The formations excavated in the current practice include both hard and soft rock formations.
Aiming at hard rock types, the Chinese patent application with the application publication number of CN112359899A discloses a wheel type cutterhead hard rock trencher, which mainly comprises a cantilever, a telescopic oil cylinder and a wheel type cutterhead, wherein the working end of the telescopic oil cylinder is connected with the cantilever or the wheel type cutterhead, and downward thrust is applied to the overhanging end of the cantilever or the wheel type cutterhead through the telescopic oil cylinder, so that a cutter of the wheel type cutterhead can cut into rock to damage the rock, thereby realizing the excavation of hard rock stratum.
Aiming at soft rock types, if the hard rock trencher is used for excavation, mud cake phenomenon easily occurs in the excavation process, and an ideal excavation effect cannot be achieved, so that the excavation is performed by widely adopting a cutting roller at present, and cutting picks are installed on the cutting roller, for example, chinese patent application with the application publication number of CN112664197A discloses a vertical shaft excavation device, a cutting arm is arranged on a swinging arm excavation component capable of rotating, which is arranged on the excavation device, a cutting tool bit is arranged at the lower end of the cutting arm, and under the action of a driving oil cylinder, the swinging arm excavation component performs vertical feeding movement, and the swinging telescopic oil cylinder drives the cutting arm to swing to adjust the excavation diameter of the cutting arm, so that the excavation of a large-diameter section vertical shaft is realized, namely the excavation of soft rock stratum is realized.
At present, whether the cutter disc is a wheel type cutter disc or a cutting roller is aimed at a single stratum, if two types of equipment are needed to be switched and used in a composite stratum where hard rock and soft rock exist simultaneously, a great deal of time is consumed for equipment replacement, excavation efficiency is seriously affected, and operation cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dual-mode excavator, which aims to solve the problems of low excavating efficiency and high operation cost caused by the need of changing different equipment during composite stratum excavation in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the dual-mode excavator provided by the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the double-mode excavator comprises a main body frame, an upright post arranged below the main body frame and a travelling mechanism arranged at the bottom of the upright post, wherein a hard rock excavation module and a soft rock excavation module are also arranged on the main body frame, and the hard rock excavation module comprises a cutter head arm, a wheel type cutter head arranged on the cutter head arm and a cutter head arm driving mechanism connected with the cutter head arm to drive the cutter head arm to act so as to change the upper and lower positions of the wheel type cutter head; the soft rock excavation module comprises a cutting arm, a cutting roller arranged on the cutting arm, and a cutting arm driving mechanism connected with the cutting arm to drive the cutting arm to act so as to change the upper and lower positions of the cutting roller; the hard rock excavation module further comprises a first cross beam which is arranged on the main body frame in a longitudinally guiding manner, the cutter head arm and the cutter head arm driving mechanism are both arranged on the first cross beam, and a first driving mechanism for driving the first cross beam to longitudinally move is connected between the main body frame and the first cross beam; the soft rock excavation module further comprises a second cross beam which is arranged on the main body frame in a longitudinally guiding manner, the cutting arm and the cutting arm driving mechanism are both arranged on the second cross beam, and a second driving mechanism for driving the second cross beam to longitudinally move is connected between the main body frame and the second cross beam.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: the dual-mode excavator comprises a main body frame, the upright posts arranged below the main body frame and the travelling mechanisms arranged at the bottoms of the upright posts, so that the installation of an excavating module and the travelling excavation of the whole excavator are facilitated. The main body frame is also provided with a hard rock excavation module and a soft rock excavation module, the hard rock excavation module comprises a cutter arm, a wheel cutter arranged on the cutter arm and a cutter arm driving mechanism connected with the cutter arm to drive the cutter arm to move, and then the wheel cutter is changed to change the vertical position, so that when hard rock stratum is encountered, the wheel cutter can be controlled to move downwards through the cutter arm driving mechanism, the hard rock stratum is excavated by the wheel cutter, meanwhile, in the excavation process, the balance weight of the trench excavator is increased by the soft rock excavation module, and the stability of the hard rock excavation module in excavation can be improved.
The soft rock excavation module comprises a cutting arm, a cutting roller arranged on the cutting arm and a cutting arm driving mechanism connected with the cutting arm to drive the cutting arm to move and further change the upper and lower positions of the cutting roller, when a stratum in the excavation process is changed into a soft rock stratum, the wheel type cutterhead can be controlled to move upwards through the cutterhead arm driving mechanism, then the cutting roller is controlled to move downwards through the cutting arm driving mechanism, the soft rock stratum is excavated by the cutting roller, the counterweight of the excavator is also increased due to the arrangement of the hard rock excavation module in the excavation process, and the stability of the soft rock excavation module in the excavation process can be improved. Of course, if the hard rock stratum is encountered again, the cutting drum is controlled to move upwards by the cutting arm driving mechanism, then the wheel type cutterhead is controlled to move downwards by the cutterhead arm driving mechanism, and the wheel type cutterhead works, so that the cutting drum reciprocates, and the excavation of the composite stratum can be realized.
When the dual-mode excavator is used for excavating a composite stratum, only one of the wheel cutter and the cutting roller is required to be controlled to work, and the whole equipment is not required to be replaced, so that the problem that a large amount of time is consumed when the equipment is replaced due to the fact that two kinds of equipment are required to be used in a switching mode in the prior art is solved, and therefore the excavating efficiency can be greatly improved, and the operation cost is reduced; the main body frame is provided with the first cross beam and the second cross beam along the longitudinal guiding movement, the cutter arm and the cutter arm driving mechanism are arranged on the first cross beam, the cutter arm and the cutter arm driving mechanism are arranged on the second cross beam, the first driving mechanism is connected between the main body frame and the first cross beam, the second driving mechanism is connected between the main body frame and the second cross beam, the position of the first cross beam can be changed through the first driving mechanism, the position of the second cross beam can be changed through the second driving mechanism, the position of the wheel cutter and the position of the cutter drum can be finally changed, and therefore when one of the wheel cutter and the cutter drum works, the other one can be adjusted to a position far in the longitudinal direction, more working space is reserved, the influence is avoided, and the excavation and slag discharge are convenient.
Further, a first guide rail for longitudinally moving the first cross beam is arranged on the main body frame, and a first roller in contact fit with the first guide rail is arranged on the first cross beam; the main body frame is also provided with a second guide rail for longitudinally moving a second cross beam, and the second cross beam is provided with a second roller which is in contact fit with the second guide rail.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: the first gyro wheel on the first crossbeam contacts the cooperation with first guide rail, and the second gyro wheel on the second crossbeam contacts the cooperation with the second guide rail, has reduced the frictional force when first crossbeam and second crossbeam remove, can enough guarantee the life of gyro wheel and guide rail, also can improve the operating efficiency.
Further, the first guide rail comprises a first end guide rail arranged at two ends of the first cross beam and a first top guide rail arranged at the top of the first cross beam, the first roller comprises a first end roller arranged at two ends of the first cross beam and a first top roller arranged at the top of the first cross beam, the first end roller is in contact fit with the first end guide rail, and the first top roller is in contact fit with the first top guide rail; the second guide rail comprises second end guide rails arranged at two ends of the second cross beam and second top guide rails arranged at the top of the second cross beam, the second rollers comprise second end rollers arranged at two ends of the second cross beam and second top rollers arranged at the top of the second cross beam, the second end rollers are in contact fit with the second end guide rails, and the second top rollers are in contact fit with the second top guide rails.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: the tip of two crossbeams is equipped with the tip gyro wheel, the top is equipped with the top gyro wheel, tip gyro wheel and tip guide rail contact cooperation, and top gyro wheel and top guide rail contact cooperation have increased the support stress point of crossbeam, make the atress of crossbeam more even, and be favorable to the steady movement of crossbeam.
Further, the first top guide rail and the second top guide rail are both in an I shape, the first top guide rail and the second top guide rail both comprise an upper wing plate, a lower wing plate and a web plate connected between the upper wing plate and the lower wing plate, the upper wing plate is fixed on the main body frame, the first top roller and the second top roller are both arranged in pairs, and the first top roller and the second top roller in pairs are respectively hung on the corresponding lower wing plate and are positioned on two lateral sides of the web plate.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: the top guide rail is the "worker" style of calligraphy for first top gyro wheel and second top gyro wheel all can set up in pairs, and first top gyro wheel in pairs and second top gyro wheel in pairs hang respectively on corresponding lower pterygoid lamina and lie in the horizontal both sides of web, have further increased the support stress point of crossbeam, the steady removal of crossbeam of being convenient for, and the structure is more reasonable, and the top gyro wheel that lies in the web both sides can also carry out spacingly to the crossbeam, guarantees the stability that the crossbeam removed.
The cutter arm is hinged to the first cross beam, the cutter arm driving mechanism is a cutter arm telescopic oil cylinder, one end of the cutter arm telescopic oil cylinder is hinged to the first cross beam, and the other end of the cutter arm telescopic oil cylinder is hinged to the cutter arm; the cutting arm is hinged to the second cross beam, the cutting arm driving mechanism is a cutting arm telescopic oil cylinder, one end of the cutting arm telescopic oil cylinder is hinged to the second cross beam, and the other end of the cutting arm telescopic oil cylinder is hinged to the cutting arm.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: the cutter head arm is hinged to the first cross beam, one end of the cutter head arm telescopic oil cylinder is hinged to the first cross beam, and the other end of the cutter head arm telescopic oil cylinder is hinged to the cutter head arm, so that reciprocating swing of the cutter head arm is conveniently controlled, and a good excavating effect is achieved; the cutting arm is the same.
Further, two cutter arm telescopic cylinders are arranged on two lateral sides of the cutter arm respectively, and the two cutter arm telescopic cylinders control the cutter arm to swing through one extension and one retraction; the two cutting arm telescopic cylinders are arranged on two lateral sides of the cutting arm respectively, and the two cutting arm telescopic cylinders control the cutting arm to swing through one extension and one retraction.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: the two telescopic cylinders control the cutterhead arm or the cutting arm to swing through one extension and one retraction, so that the power is higher, the swing motion is easier to realize, and the excavation efficiency is improved.
Further, the first beam and the second beam are laterally spaced apart.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: such a design reduces the longitudinal dimensions of the dual-mode excavator, thereby enabling the excavator to operate properly in confined areas.
Further, the dual-mode excavator further comprises a slag discharging mechanism for discharging slag from hard rock excavated by the wheel cutter and soft rock excavated by the cutting drum, wherein the slag discharging mechanism is a vacuum suction pipe or a grab bucket or a combination of the vacuum suction pipe and the grab bucket.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: the slag discharging mechanism is arranged to facilitate slag discharging, and is a vacuum suction pipe or a grab bucket or a combination of the vacuum suction pipe and the grab bucket, if the rocks excavated by the wheel cutter disc and the cutting roller are relatively finely crushed, the vacuum suction pipe can be adopted for slag discharging, so that the slag discharging efficiency is high; if the rock blocks excavated by the wheel cutter head and the cutting roller are larger, the pipeline is blocked by adopting a vacuum suction pipe, and a grab bucket can be adopted for slag discharge at the moment, so that the grab bucket is easy to grab the excavated rock; if the rock blocks excavated by the wheel cutterhead are bigger and the rock excavated by the cutting roller is finer, the wheel cutterhead adopts a grab bucket to slag, and the cutting roller adopts a vacuum suction pipe to slag.
Further, the upright post comprises an inner pipe and an outer pipe nested outside the inner pipe, wherein the upper end of one of the inner pipe and the outer pipe is fixedly connected with the main body frame, and the lower end of the other of the inner pipe and the outer pipe is fixedly connected with the travelling mechanism; the upright post further comprises a telescopic driving mechanism, one end of the telescopic driving mechanism is connected with the inner tube, and the other end of the telescopic driving mechanism is connected with the outer tube so as to change the height of the upright post.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: the stand includes the inner tube and nests the outer tube outside the inner tube, one of them and main body frame fixed connection, another one and running gear fixed connection, flexible actuating mechanism's one end and inner tube connection simultaneously, and another one end and outer tube connection just can change the total height of stand when flexible actuating mechanism stretches or shortens like this to the depth of digging the ditch is controlled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dual-mode excavator in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the hard rock excavation module of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the soft rock excavation module of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the dual mode excavator of the present invention in use;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the dual mode trencher of the present invention in a hard rock excavation mode;
fig. 6 is a top view of the dual mode trencher of the present invention in soft rock excavation mode.
In the figure: 1. a column; 101. an outer tube; 102. an inner tube; 2. a main body frame; 3. a walking mechanism; 4. a hard rock excavation module; 41. a first cross beam; 42. a cutterhead arm; 43. wheel cutterhead; 44. a cutter head arm telescopic cylinder; 45. a first end roller; 46. a first top roller; 5. a soft rock excavation module; 51. a second cross beam; 52. a cutting arm; 53. a cutting drum; 54. a cutting arm telescopic cylinder; 55. a second end roller; 56. a second top roller; 6. a first end rail; 7. a first top rail; 71. an upper wing plate; 72. a lower wing plate; 73. a web; 8. a second end rail; 9. a second top rail; 10. a first longitudinal telescopic cylinder; 11. the second longitudinal telescopic oil cylinder; 12. a vacuum suction tube; 13. a grab bucket; 14. and (3) a trench.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the particular embodiments described herein are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the invention, i.e., the embodiments described are merely some, but not all, of the embodiments of the invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, terms such as "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" or the like does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The features and capabilities of the present invention are described in further detail below in connection with the examples.
Preferred embodiments of the dual mode excavator of the present invention:
as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the dual-mode excavator includes a main body frame 2, a column 1, and a running mechanism 3. The main body frame 2 is rectangular, the upright column 1 comprises an inner pipe 102 and an outer pipe 101 nested outside the inner pipe 102, wherein the outer pipe 101 is fixedly connected with the main body frame 2, and the inner pipe 102 is fixedly connected with the travelling mechanism 3. The upright 1 further comprises a telescopic driving mechanism (not shown in the figure), in this embodiment, the telescopic driving mechanism is a telescopic cylinder, one end of the telescopic cylinder is connected with the inner tube 102, and the other end of the telescopic cylinder is connected with the outer tube 101, so as to change the height of the upright 1, thereby realizing the up-and-down movement of the main body frame 2 and controlling the depth of the digging trench. The four running mechanisms 3 are crawler running mechanisms, and are provided with driving devices (not shown in the figure) so that the excavator runs and the running speed and displacement of the excavator are controlled by a control system.
Two excavation modules are further installed on the main body frame 2, and specifically comprise a hard rock excavation module 4 for excavating hard rock stratum and a soft rock excavation module 5 for excavating soft rock stratum. In the excavation process, the balance weight of the excavator is increased by the arrangement of the soft rock excavation module 5, so that the stability of the hard rock excavation module 4 in excavation can be improved; similarly, the counterweight of the excavator is also increased by the hard rock excavating module 4, so that the stability of the soft rock excavating module 5 in excavating can be improved.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the hard rock excavation module 4 includes a first beam 41, a cutter arm 42 hinged to the first beam 41, a wheel cutter 43 mounted to the cutter arm 42, and a cutter arm driving mechanism connected to the cutter arm 42. The center of the wheel cutter 43 in this embodiment is provided with a built-in cutter arm driving device (not shown in the figure) which can drive the wheel cutter 43 to perform rotary excavation, and the rotation axis direction of the wheel cutter 43 is perpendicular to the length extending direction of the cutter arm 42. The cutter arm driving mechanism is specifically a cutter arm telescopic cylinder 44, the cutter arm telescopic cylinders 44 are provided with two cutter arm telescopic cylinders 44 and are respectively arranged on two lateral sides of the cutter arm 42, one end of each cutter arm telescopic cylinder is hinged with the first cross beam 41, the other end of each cutter arm telescopic cylinder is hinged with the cutter arm 42, the two cutter arm telescopic cylinders 44 drive the cutter arm 42 to swing through one extension and one retraction, and then the upper position and the lower position of the wheel cutter 43 are changed, so that when a hard rock stratum is met, the wheel cutter 43 can be controlled to move downwards through the cutter arm telescopic cylinders 44, and the wheel cutter 43 is utilized to excavate the hard rock stratum.
In addition, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the first beam 41 is installed on the main body frame 2 along the longitudinal guiding movement, and a first driving mechanism for driving the first beam 41 to longitudinally move is connected between the main body frame 2 and the first beam 41, as shown in fig. 4, fig. 5 and fig. 6, the first driving mechanism in this embodiment is specifically a first longitudinal telescopic cylinder 10, so that the position of the first beam 41 can be changed, and finally the position of the wheel cutterhead 43 is changed, so that when the wheel cutterhead 43 stops working, the hard rock excavation module 4 can be adjusted to a position far in the longitudinal direction, more working space is reserved for the soft rock excavation module 5 to excavate, and the excavation and deslagging are convenient.
To facilitate the movement of the first cross member 41, a first guide rail for the first cross member 41 to move longitudinally is provided on the main body frame 2, and as shown in fig. 2, the first guide rail includes a first end guide rail 6 provided at both ends of the first cross member 41 and a first top guide rail 7 provided at the top of the first cross member 41; the first end rollers 45 positioned at two ends and the first top rollers 46 positioned at the top are arranged on the first cross beam 41, the first end rollers 45 are in contact fit with the first end guide rail 6, and the first top rollers 46 are in contact fit with the first top guide rail 7, so that the friction force generated when the first cross beam 41 longitudinally moves is reduced, the service life of the rollers and the guide rail is ensured, the working efficiency is improved, the supporting stress point of the first cross beam 41 is increased, the stress of the first cross beam 41 is more uniform, and the stable movement of the first cross beam 41 is facilitated.
Specifically, the first top guide rail 7 is in an "i" shape, and comprises an upper wing plate 71, a lower wing plate 72 and a web plate 73 connected between the upper wing plate and the lower wing plate, the upper wing plate 71 is fixed on the main body frame 2, the first top rollers 46 are arranged in pairs, the pairs of first top rollers 46 are hung on the corresponding lower wing plate 71 and are positioned on two lateral sides of the web plate 73, supporting stress points of the first cross beam 41 are further increased, stable movement of the first cross beam 41 is facilitated, the structure is more reasonable, the first top rollers 46 positioned on two sides of the web plate 73 can limit the first cross beam 41, and the moving stability of the first cross beam 41 is ensured.
As shown in fig. 3, the soft rock excavation module 5 includes a second cross member 51, the second cross member 51 being laterally spaced from the first cross member 41, such design enabling a reduction in the longitudinal dimension of the dual mode excavator, thereby enabling the excavator to operate normally in confined areas. The soft rock excavation module 5 further includes a cutting arm 52 hinged to the second beam, a cutting drum 53 mounted on the cutting arm 52, and a cutting arm driving mechanism connected to the cutting arm 52. The cutting arm 52 in the present embodiment is provided with a built-in cutting arm driving device (not shown) for driving the cutting drum 53 to perform rotary excavation, and the rotation axis direction of the cutting drum 53 coincides with the length extending direction of the cutting arm 52. The cutterhead arm driving mechanism is specifically a cutting arm telescopic cylinder 54, the cutting arm telescopic cylinder 54 is provided with two cutting arm telescopic cylinders 54 which are respectively arranged on two lateral sides of the cutting arm 52, one end of each cutting arm telescopic cylinder is hinged with the second cross beam 51, the other end of each cutting arm telescopic cylinder is hinged with the cutting arm 52, the two cutting arm telescopic cylinders drive the cutting arm 52 to swing through one extension and one retraction, and then the upper position and the lower position of the cutting drum 53 are changed, so that when a soft rock stratum is encountered, the cutting drum 53 can be controlled to move downwards through the cutting arm telescopic cylinder 54, and the soft rock stratum is excavated by the cutting drum 53.
In addition, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the second beam 51 is installed on the main body frame 2 along the longitudinal direction, and a second driving mechanism for driving the second beam to move longitudinally is connected between the main body frame 2 and the second beam 51, as shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6, in this embodiment, the second driving mechanism is specifically a second longitudinal telescopic cylinder 11, so that the position of the second beam 51 can be changed, and finally the position of the cutting drum 53 can be changed, so that when the cutting drum 53 stops working, the soft rock excavation module 5 can be adjusted to a position far in the longitudinal direction, so that more working space is reserved for the hard rock excavation module 4 to excavate, and the excavation and deslagging are facilitated.
To facilitate the movement of the second cross member 51, a second guide rail for the second cross member 51 to move longitudinally is provided on the main body frame 2, and as shown in fig. 3, the second guide rail includes a second end guide rail 8 provided at both ends of the second cross member 51 and a second top guide rail 9 provided at the top of the second cross member 51; the second end rollers 55 at two ends and the second top rollers 56 at the top are arranged on the second cross beam 51, the second end rollers 55 are in contact fit with the second end guide rail 8, and the second top rollers 56 are in contact fit with the second top guide rail 9, so that the friction force generated when the second cross beam 51 longitudinally moves is reduced, the service lives of the second rollers and the second guide rail are ensured, the working efficiency is improved, the supporting stress point of the second cross beam 51 is increased, the stress of the second cross beam 51 is more uniform, and the stable movement of the second cross beam 51 is facilitated.
The second top guide rail 9 is the same as the first top guide rail 7 in structure and also is in an I shape, and comprises an upper wing plate, a lower wing plate and a web plate connected between the upper wing plate and the lower wing plate, wherein the upper wing plate is fixed on the main body frame 2, the second top rollers 56 are arranged in pairs, the pairs of second top rollers 56 are hung on the corresponding lower wing plates and are positioned on the two lateral sides of the web plate, the supporting stress points of the second cross beam 51 are further increased, the stable movement of the second cross beam 51 is facilitated, the structure is more reasonable, the second top rollers 56 positioned on the two sides of the web plate can limit the second cross beam 51, and the moving stability of the second cross beam 51 is ensured.
In addition, the dual-mode excavator further comprises a slag discharging mechanism for discharging hard rock excavated by the wheel cutter and soft rock excavated by the cutting drum, wherein the slag discharging mechanism is a vacuum suction pipe or a grab bucket or a combination of the vacuum suction pipe and the grab bucket. As shown in fig. 5 and 6, a vacuum suction pipe 12 is provided at the rear portion of the hard rock excavation module 4 in the present embodiment; a grab bucket 13 is provided at a rear position of the soft rock excavation module 5. The vacuum suction pipe 12 is used for deslagging the soil and slag excavated by the wheel cutter 43, and the grab bucket is used for deslagging the soil and slag excavated by the cutting drum 53.
The specific working modes of the dual-mode excavator in the embodiment include the following four modes:
mode one:
before the dual-mode excavator in the mode is ready for operation, firstly, the upright post 1 of the excavator is adjusted to a proper height through a telescopic oil cylinder on the excavator.
In a specific operation, as shown in fig. 5, when a hard rock stratum is encountered in the ditch digging process, the hard rock digging module 4 longitudinally moves to the position of the ditch 14 under the action of the first longitudinal telescopic cylinder 10, then the wheel cutter 43 is controlled to move downwards to the digging position by the cutter arm telescopic cylinder 44, and further the built-in cutter driving device drives the wheel cutter 43 to rotationally dig the hard rock stratum, the cutter arm telescopic cylinders 44 on two sides stretch and retract, the cutter arm 42 realizes swinging motion, and the travelling mechanism 3 is accompanied by travelling. The extension length and the shortening length of the cutter arm telescopic cylinders 44 at the two sides in the excavation process are fixed, if the depth of the excavated ditch 14 needs to be adjusted, the height of the upright post is readjusted through the telescopic cylinders in the upright post 1, so that the depth of the ditch excavated by the hard rock excavation module is correspondingly adjusted. In this embodiment, the soil and slag excavated by the wheel cutter 43 is discharged by the vacuum suction pipe 12, and the slag discharging efficiency is high.
As shown in fig. 6, when the stratum becomes the soft rock stratum in the excavation process, the wheel cutter 43 can be controlled to move upwards by the cutter arm telescopic cylinder 44 first, then the hard rock excavation module 4 moves to the initial position longitudinally under the action of the first longitudinal telescopic cylinder 10, so that more operation space is reserved for the excavation operation of the soft rock excavation module 5, and the excavation and deslagging are facilitated. The soft rock excavation module 5 longitudinally moves to the position of the ditch 14 under the action of the second longitudinal telescopic oil cylinder 11, then the cutting drum 53 is controlled to move downwards through the cutting arm telescopic oil cylinder 54, the cutting drum 53 is driven by the built-in cutting drum driving device to excavate the soft rock stratum, the cutting arm telescopic oil cylinders 54 at the two sides stretch and retract, the cutting arm 52 realizes swinging motion, and meanwhile, the travelling mechanism accompanies 3 travelling. The extension length and the shortening length of the cutting arm telescopic cylinders 54 at the two sides in the excavation process are fixed, and if the excavation depth needs to be adjusted, the height of the upright post is still adjusted again through the telescopic cylinders in the upright post 1, so that the depth of the ditch 14 excavated by the soft rock excavation module 5 is correspondingly adjusted. In this embodiment, the earth and slag excavated by the cutting drum 53 is discharged by the grab bucket 13. Of course, if the hard rock stratum is encountered again, the cutting roller 53 is controlled to move upwards by the cutting arm telescopic oil cylinder 54, the soft rock excavation module 5 moves to the initial position longitudinally, the hard rock excavation module 4 moves to the ditch 14 longitudinally, then the wheel cutterhead 43 is controlled to move downwards by the cutterhead arm telescopic oil cylinder 44, the wheel cutterhead 43 is enabled to work, and the excavation of the composite stratum can be achieved in a reciprocating mode.
Mode two:
unlike the first mode, when the hard rock excavation module 4 excavates, the cutter arm 42 and the wheel cutter 43 do not swing, the cutter arm telescopic cylinder 44 is only used for adjusting the up-down position of the wheel cutter 43, the excavation depth of the ditch 14 is changed, the length of the cylinder is kept unchanged after the adjustment is completed, and the wheel cutter 43 only performs rotary motion to excavate. When the wheel cutter 43 swings to the lowest position and the excavation depth of the trench 14 cannot be satisfied, the excavation depth can be satisfied by adjusting the height of the column 1. The cutting arm 52, the cutting drum 53 and the cutting arm telescopic cylinder 54 are the same as above.
Mode three:
unlike the first mode, the hard rock excavation module 4 and the soft rock excavation module 5 may excavate simultaneously to obtain two ditches, and of course, the hard rock excavation module 4 and the soft rock excavation module 5 need to be staggered a certain distance in the longitudinal direction, and the excavated strata are corresponding to the respective cutterheads or drums.
Mode four:
unlike the first mode, the excavated trench 14 is not a straight line but can be changed in direction, and in the soft rock excavation module 5, since the rotation axis direction of the cutting drum 53 is identical to the length extending direction of the cutting arm 52, the cutting drum 53 is directly controlled to be moved longitudinally while being rotated for excavation during turning; in the hard rock excavation module 4, a hob may be mounted on each of the end face and the peripheral face of the wheel cutter 43, and thus, when turning, the wheel cutter 43 may be controlled to move longitudinally while rotating for excavation.
In other embodiments of the dual-mode excavator: the two ends of the upright post are directly fixedly connected with the main body frame and the travelling mechanism, and the whole height is not adjustable.
In other embodiments of the dual-mode excavator: the vacuum suction pipe or the grab bucket or the combination of the vacuum suction pipe and the grab bucket is not arranged as a slag discharging mechanism, and the slag is directly conveyed through the belt conveyor.
In other embodiments of the dual-mode excavator: the first and second beams may be longitudinally spaced apart.
In other embodiments of the dual-mode excavator: the cutter arm telescopic cylinder is only provided with one, is positioned on one lateral side of the cutter arm, and the cutter arm telescopic cylinder is also only provided with one, and is positioned on one lateral side of the cutter arm.
In other embodiments of the dual-mode excavator: the cutter head arm is not hinged to the first cross beam, but is arranged on the first cross beam in a guiding and moving manner along the up-down direction, at the moment, the cutter head arm driving mechanism is a telescopic oil cylinder, one end of the cutter head arm is connected with the cutter head arm, the other end of the cutter head arm is connected with the first cross beam, and only the cutter head arm can be controlled to move up and down so as to drive the wheel type cutter head to move up and down; similarly, the cutting arm is not hinged to the first beam, but is mounted on the second beam in a guiding and moving mode along the up-down direction, at this time, the cutting arm driving mechanism is a telescopic oil cylinder, one end of the cutting arm driving mechanism is connected with the cutting arm, the other end of the cutting arm driving mechanism is connected with the second beam, only the cutter head arm can be controlled to move up and down, and then the cutting roller is driven to move up and down.
In other embodiments of the dual-mode excavator: the cutter arm can also be hinged on the travelling mechanism, at the moment, the cutter arm driving mechanism is a telescopic oil cylinder and is used for controlling the cutter arm to swing up and down so as to change the up and down positions of the wheel type cutter, and at the moment, the longitudinal position of the wheel type cutter cannot be changed; similarly, the cutting arm can also be hinged on the travelling mechanism, and at the moment, the cutting arm driving mechanism is a telescopic oil cylinder and is used for controlling the cutting arm to swing up and down so as to change the up and down position of the cutting roller, and at the moment, the longitudinal position of the cutting roller cannot be changed.
In other embodiments of the dual-mode excavator: the first top rail and the second top rail may also be L-shaped, where neither the first top roller nor the second top roller are provided in pairs, but are provided on the L-shaped rail alone.
In other embodiments of the dual-mode excavator: the first rail may include only the first end rail, where the first roller includes only the first end roller; of course, the first rail may also include only the first top rail, where the first roller includes only the first top roller; similarly, the second rail may include only the second end rail, where the second roller includes only the second end roller; of course, the second rail may also include only the second top rail, in which case the second roller includes only the second top roller.
In other embodiments of the dual-mode excavator: the first cross beam is not provided with a first roller, but is provided with a sliding block which is in sliding friction fit with the first guide rail; similarly, the second cross beam is not provided with a second roller, but is provided with a sliding block which is in sliding friction fit with the second guide rail.
In other embodiments of the dual-mode excavator: the hard rock excavation module does not comprise a first cross beam, and the cutter head arm driving mechanism are directly connected to the main body frame, so that the longitudinal position cannot be adjusted; similarly, the soft rock excavation module does not include a second cross beam, and the cutting arm drive mechanism are directly connected to the main body frame, at which time the longitudinal position is not adjustable.
In other embodiments of the dual-mode excavator: the cutter head arm driving mechanism, the cutting arm driving mechanism and the telescopic driving mechanism in the upright post can be air cylinders or electric push rods.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the patent protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and all equivalent structural changes made by the specification and the drawings of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A dual-mode trencher, characterized in that: the device comprises a main body frame (2), a stand column (1) arranged below the main body frame (2) and a travelling mechanism (3) arranged at the bottom of the stand column (1), wherein a hard rock excavation module (4) and a soft rock excavation module (5) are also arranged on the main body frame (2), the hard rock excavation module (4) comprises a cutter arm (42), a wheel cutter (43) arranged on the cutter arm (42) and a cutter arm driving mechanism connected with the cutter arm (42) to drive the cutter arm (42) to act so as to change the upper and lower positions of the wheel cutter (43); the soft rock excavation module (5) comprises a cutting arm (52), a cutting roller (53) arranged on the cutting arm (52) and a cutting arm driving mechanism which is connected with the cutting arm (52) to drive the cutting arm (52) to act so as to change the upper and lower positions of the cutting roller (53); the hard rock excavation module (4) further comprises a first cross beam (41) which is arranged on the main body frame (2) in a longitudinally guiding manner, the cutter head arm (42) and the cutter head arm driving mechanism are both arranged on the first cross beam (41), and a first driving mechanism for driving the first cross beam (41) to longitudinally move is connected between the main body frame (2) and the first cross beam (41); the soft rock excavation module (5) further comprises a second cross beam (51) which is arranged on the main body frame (2) in a longitudinally guiding manner, the cutting arm (52) and the cutting arm driving mechanism are both arranged on the second cross beam (51), and a second driving mechanism for driving the second cross beam (51) to longitudinally move is connected between the main body frame (2) and the second cross beam (51).
2. The dual-mode trench excavator of claim 1, wherein: a first guide rail for longitudinally moving a first cross beam (41) is arranged on the main body frame (2), and a first roller in contact fit with the first guide rail is arranged on the first cross beam (41); the main body frame (2) is also provided with a second guide rail for the second cross beam (51) to longitudinally move, and the second cross beam (51) is provided with a second roller which is in contact fit with the second guide rail.
3. The dual-mode trench excavator of claim 2, wherein: the first guide rail comprises a first end guide rail (6) arranged at two ends of the first cross beam (41) and a first top guide rail (7) arranged at the top of the first cross beam (41), the first roller comprises a first end roller (45) arranged at two ends of the first cross beam (41) and a first top roller (46) arranged at the top of the first cross beam (41), the first end roller (45) is in contact fit with the first end guide rail (6), and the first top roller (46) is in contact fit with the first top guide rail (7); the second guide rail comprises second end guide rails (8) arranged at two ends of the second cross beam (51) and second top guide rails (9) arranged at the top of the second cross beam (51), the second rollers comprise second end rollers (55) arranged at two ends of the second cross beam (51) and second top rollers (56) arranged at the top of the second cross beam (51), the second end rollers (55) are in contact fit with the second end guide rails (8), and the second top rollers (56) are in contact fit with the second top guide rails (9).
4. The dual-mode trench excavator of claim 3, wherein: the first top guide rail (7) and the second top guide rail (9) are both I-shaped, the first top guide rail (7) and the second top guide rail (9) comprise an upper wing plate (71), a lower wing plate (72) and a web plate (73) connected between the upper wing plate and the lower wing plate (72), the upper wing plate (71) is fixed on the main body frame (2), the first top roller (46) and the second top roller (56) are both arranged in pairs, and the pairs of first top roller (46) and the pairs of second top roller (56) are respectively hung on the corresponding lower wing plate (72) and are positioned on two lateral sides of the web plate (73).
5. The dual-mode trencher of any of claims 1-4, wherein: the cutter arm (42) is hinged to the first cross beam (41), the cutter arm driving mechanism is a cutter arm telescopic cylinder (44), one end of the cutter arm telescopic cylinder (44) is hinged to the first cross beam (41), and the other end of the cutter arm telescopic cylinder is hinged to the cutter arm (42); the cutting arm (52) is hinged to the second cross beam (51), the cutting arm driving mechanism is a cutting arm telescopic oil cylinder (54), one end of the cutting arm telescopic oil cylinder (54) is hinged to the second cross beam (51), and the other end of the cutting arm telescopic oil cylinder is hinged to the cutting arm (52).
6. The dual-mode trench excavator of claim 5, wherein: the cutter arm telescopic cylinders (44) are arranged at two lateral sides of the cutter arm (42) respectively, and the two cutter arm telescopic cylinders (44) control the cutter arm (42) to swing through one extension and one retraction; the two cutting arm telescopic cylinders (54) are arranged on two lateral sides of the cutting arm (52) respectively, and the two cutting arm telescopic cylinders (54) control the cutting arm (52) to swing through one extension and one retraction.
7. The dual-mode trencher of any of claims 1-4, wherein: the first beam (41) and the second beam (51) are arranged at intervals in the lateral direction.
8. The dual-mode trencher of any of claims 1-4, wherein: the dual-mode excavator further comprises a slag discharging mechanism for discharging hard rock excavated by the wheel cutter head (43) and soft rock excavated by the cutting drum (53), wherein the slag discharging mechanism is a vacuum suction pipe (12) or a grab bucket (13) or a combination of the vacuum suction pipe (12) and the grab bucket (13).
9. The dual-mode trencher of any of claims 1-4, wherein: the upright post (1) comprises an inner pipe (102) and an outer pipe (101) nested outside the inner pipe (102), wherein the upper end of one of the inner pipe (102) and the outer pipe (101) is fixedly connected with the main body frame (2), and the lower end of the other one is fixedly connected with the travelling mechanism (3); the upright post (1) further comprises a telescopic driving mechanism, one end of the telescopic driving mechanism is connected with the inner tube (102), and the other end of the telescopic driving mechanism is connected with the outer tube (101) so as to change the height of the upright post (1).
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210307264.6A CN114855908B (en) | 2022-03-25 | 2022-03-25 | Dual-mode excavator |
| CN202410409711.8A CN118207922A (en) | 2022-03-25 | 2022-03-25 | Dual-mode excavator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210307264.6A CN114855908B (en) | 2022-03-25 | 2022-03-25 | Dual-mode excavator |
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| CN202410409711.8A Division CN118207922A (en) | 2022-03-25 | 2022-03-25 | Dual-mode excavator |
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| CN114855908B true CN114855908B (en) | 2024-03-26 |
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| CN202410409711.8A Pending CN118207922A (en) | 2022-03-25 | 2022-03-25 | Dual-mode excavator |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1471602A (en) * | 2000-10-23 | 2004-01-28 | ̹�� | Trenching method and apparatus |
| CN1582358A (en) * | 2001-11-13 | 2005-02-16 | 马斯坦布罗克有限公司 | Trenching method and apparatus |
| CN102777188A (en) * | 2012-08-03 | 2012-11-14 | 江苏中机矿山设备有限公司 | Mine milling-excavating integrated machine |
| CN212452846U (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-02-02 | 北京泽邦智能设备有限公司 | Integrated groove digging machine |
| CN112359899A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-02-12 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Wheel type cutter head hard rock trencher |
| CN112664197A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-04-16 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Shaft excavation device, large-diameter shaft heading machine and construction method |
| CN215927378U (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2022-03-01 | 辽宁通用重型机械股份有限公司 | Cutting part of heading machine with high-strength telescopic mechanism |
-
2022
- 2022-03-25 CN CN202210307264.6A patent/CN114855908B/en active Active
- 2022-03-25 CN CN202410409711.8A patent/CN118207922A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1471602A (en) * | 2000-10-23 | 2004-01-28 | ̹�� | Trenching method and apparatus |
| CN1582358A (en) * | 2001-11-13 | 2005-02-16 | 马斯坦布罗克有限公司 | Trenching method and apparatus |
| CN102777188A (en) * | 2012-08-03 | 2012-11-14 | 江苏中机矿山设备有限公司 | Mine milling-excavating integrated machine |
| CN112359899A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-02-12 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Wheel type cutter head hard rock trencher |
| CN212452846U (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-02-02 | 北京泽邦智能设备有限公司 | Integrated groove digging machine |
| CN112664197A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-04-16 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Shaft excavation device, large-diameter shaft heading machine and construction method |
| CN215927378U (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2022-03-01 | 辽宁通用重型机械股份有限公司 | Cutting part of heading machine with high-strength telescopic mechanism |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114855908A (en) | 2022-08-05 |
| CN118207922A (en) | 2024-06-18 |
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