CN114855691B - Construction method of bedding undercut depth prediction model of downstream river of alluvial river dam - Google Patents
Construction method of bedding undercut depth prediction model of downstream river of alluvial river dam Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009418 renovation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E02B1/02—Hydraulic models
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
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Abstract
The application discloses a construction method of a bedding depth prediction model of a downstream river of a alluvial river dam, which comprises the following steps: collecting actual measurement topographic data after each year of each siltation section of a river segment downstream of an alluvial river dam and hydrological data of a hydrological station; determining a main tank range of each siltation section year by year based on the actually measured topographic data, and calculating an average value of all actually measured node riverbed heights in the main tank range of each annual siltation section and an accumulated riverbed undercut depth of each siltation section; and (3) carrying out river reach average on the accumulated river bed undercut depths of all the siltation sections, and constructing a prediction model of the downstream river bed undercut depth of the siltation river dam. The average accumulated bed undercut depth of the river reach constructed by the application characterizes the range of the downstream alluvial river deep undercut of the dam, can better reflect the bed deep undercut feature of the whole river reach, can better predict the change trend of the downstream alluvial river deep undercut of the alluvial river dam by using less data, and has guiding significance for river management and river channel improvement planning.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, in particular to a construction method of an undercut depth prediction model of a downstream riverbed of a alluvial river dam.
Background
After the reservoir or the dam is built on the upstream of the alluvial river, the water and sand condition of the downstream river reach can be changed, so that a series of river bed form adjustment can be carried out on the downstream river. Wherein, the deep-drawing undercut of the river bed of the downstream river reach is an important component part of the longitudinal deformation of the river bed. At present, the deep-drawing and undercut mode and the response mechanism of the river bed of the downstream river reach of the dam are not completely mastered. Therefore, the research of the prediction model of the undercut depth of the river bed at the downstream of the alluvial river dam has important significance for river management and river channel improvement planning.
Research on the depth prediction of the undersea of the downstream river bed of the alluvial river dam at home and abroad can be mainly divided into two main categories: the first type is a flushing limit state method, and the second type is a water sand mathematical model calculation method. The flushing limit state method is a rough estimation method for the limit state of the river flushing of the downstream of the dam, and the basic idea is that when the flow speed of water flow is reduced to the starting flow speed of sediment, the river bed flushing stops. Although the method has a certain theoretical basis, the method can only calculate the maximum undercut depth of the river bed, and can not calculate the annual river bed undercut depth in the flushing process. The water sand mathematical model calculation method can calculate the detailed process of downstream riverbed scouring, but often needs a plurality of detailed data such as flow and sand content process, suspended mass grading, bed sand grading, siltation section topography and the like, and parameters such as roughness rate, saturation coefficient recovery and the like in the mathematical model also lack a uniform calculation method.
Disclosure of Invention
This section is intended to outline some aspects of embodiments of the application and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section as well as in the description of the application and in the title of the application, which may not be used to limit the scope of the application.
The present application has been made in view of the above-described problems occurring in the prior art.
Therefore, the technical problems solved by the application are as follows: the existing prediction model of the undercut depth of the river reach at the downstream of the alluvial river dam is difficult to efficiently and accurately predict the average accumulated undercut depth of the river reach each year in the flushing process of the river reach at the downstream of the alluvial river dam.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides the following technical scheme: collecting actual measurement topographic data after each year of each siltation section of a river segment downstream of an alluvial river dam and hydrological data of a hydrological station; determining the main tank range of each siltation section year by year based on the actually measured topographic data, and calculating the average value of all actually measured node riverbed heights in the main tank range of each annual siltation section; calculating the accumulated riverbed undercut depth of each siltation section year by using the average value; averaging the accumulated riverbed undercut depths of all the siltation sections to obtain an average accumulated riverbed undercut depth of the downstream riverbed of the dam; and analyzing the average accumulated riverbed undercut depth of the downstream river reach of the dam, and constructing a prediction model of the downstream riverbed undercut depth of the alluvial river dam.
As a preferable scheme of the construction method of the bedding undercut depth prediction model of the downstream river of the alluvial river dam, the application comprises the following steps: the actually measured topographic data comprises the starting point distances and the elevations of all nodes actually measured after flood of all the siltation sections in the downstream river reach of the dam.
The hydrologic data comprises daily average flow rate and sand content of each hydrologic station.
The average value of all the actual measured node riverbed heights in the range of the main tank of the sedimentation section is obtained,
wherein ,mean value of all node river bed heights in the jth siltation section main tank after flushing start, Z 1 ...Z n The river bed elevation of 1.n nodes in the corresponding main tank of the sediment section in the corresponding year is represented, and n represents the number of nodes in the main tank of the sediment section.
The calculation of the accumulated riverbed undercut depth of the siltation section comprises,
wherein ,indicates the accumulated riverbed undercut depth of the jth siltation section in the ith year after the flushing is started,/day>Indicating the beginning year of flushingAverage riverbed elevation of j silted sections, +.>The average value of the elevation of the river bed of all nodes in the main tank of the jth siltation section after the flushing is started is shown.
The obtaining of the average accumulated riverbed undercut depth of the river reach includes,
wherein ,represents the average accumulated bed undercut depth of the downstream river reach of the ith dam>The cumulative depth of the bed of the sediment section of the river reach i 1. J is shown, and j is the total number of the sediment sections of the river reach.
Constructing a predictive model of the undercut depth of the riverbed downstream of the alluvial river dam includes,
calculating the average incoming sand coefficient of the first 5 years based on the daily average flow rate and the sand content of the hydrologic station each yearAnd obtaining the correlation of the average incoming sand coefficient of the earlier 5 years;
analyzing the average accumulated riverbed undercut depth of the downstream river reach of the dam, and constructing a prediction model of the downstream riverbed undercut depth of the alluvial river dam by combining the correlation of the average incoming sand coefficients of the previous 5 years.
The constructing of the predictive model of the undercut depth of the riverbed downstream of the alluvial river dam further comprises,
and calibrating relevant parameters of the under-cut depth prediction model of the downstream riverbed of the alluvial river dam by adopting hydrological data of hydrological stations and post-flood measured topographic data of the siltation section.
Previously, it has beenAverage running sand coefficient of 5 yearsTaking the average accumulated bed undercut depth of the downstream oscillation section of the yellow river as a dependent variable, constructing a model for predicting the bed undercut depth of the downstream river of the alluvial river dam,
wherein ,represents the average accumulated bed undercut depth of the downstream river reach of the ith dam>Representing the average incoming sand coefficient for the first 5 years, and k and alpha both represent coefficients.
According to the hydrological data of the hydrological station and the actually measured topographic data after flood, adopting software SPSS to carry out logarithmic fitting on a formula of a prediction model of the depth of cut of the river bed at the downstream of the dam, and carrying out calibration and verification on k and alpha parameters in the prediction model.
The application has the beneficial effects that: the method calculates the accumulated riverbed undercut depth of each siltation section based on the actually measured topographic data, constructs the average accumulated riverbed undercut depth of the river reach to represent the range of the downstream impact of the river reach to the river reach, can better reflect the special point of the impact of the river reach to the river reach, fully considers the influence of water and sand conditions on the impact of the river reach, can better predict the change trend of the downstream impact of the river reach to the river reach with less data, and has guiding significance on river management and river channel renovation planning.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a basic flow chart of a method for constructing an undercut depth prediction model of a downstream riverbed of a alluvial river dam according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of determining a main groove range of a yellow river downstream wander section iron Xie Duanmian and a height Cheng Queding of each node according to a method for constructing a model for predicting a depth of cut under a river bed downstream of a alluvial river dam according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the variation of the average running sand coefficient of the garden at the downstream swing section of the yellow river in the early 5 years 1999-2015 years according to the construction method of the under-cut depth prediction model of the downstream riverbed of the alluvial river dam according to one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the correlation between the cumulative depth of cut of the bed of the running section of the downstream river of the yellow river and the average incoming sand coefficient of the early 5 years of the garden mouth, according to the construction method of the model for predicting the depth of cut of the downstream alluvial river of the dam;
fig. 5 is a graph comparing a model calculation value and an actual measurement value of a cumulative riverbed undercut depth of a downstream wandering section of a yellow river according to a construction method of a dam downstream alluvial river undercut depth prediction model according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
So that the manner in which the above recited objects, features and advantages of the present application can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the application, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to the embodiments, some of which are illustrated in the appended drawings. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present application.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, but the present application may be practiced in other ways other than those described herein, and persons skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Further, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic can be included in at least one implementation of the application. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
While the embodiments of the present application have been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings, the cross-sectional view of the device structure is not to scale in the general sense for ease of illustration, and the drawings are merely exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the application. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in actual fabrication.
Also in the description of the present application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper, lower, inner and outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first, second, or third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The terms "mounted, connected, and coupled" should be construed broadly in this disclosure unless otherwise specifically indicated and defined, such as: can be fixed connection, detachable connection or integral connection; it may also be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a direct connection, or may be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or may be a communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in one embodiment of the present application, a method for constructing a deep prediction model of a bedding down stream of an alluvial river dam is provided, including:
s1: collecting the post-flood measured topographic data of each siltation section of the downstream river reach of the alluvial river dam and the hydrological data of hydrological stations. It should be noted that:
the measured topography data comprises the starting point distances and the elevations of all nodes measured after flood of all the siltation sections in the downstream river reach of the dam.
The hydrologic data includes daily average flow and sand content of each year hydrologic station, in this embodiment, take the downstream wandering section of yellow river as the study river reach, the operation of the low wave bottom water reservoir in 1999, the river course of wandering section begins to wash, the starting point distance and the elevation of all nodes of the 28 accumulation sections of the wandering section of collection 1999-2015 are measured after flood, and daily average flow and sand content of each year of garden port hydrologic station.
S2: and determining the main tank range of each siltation section year by year based on the measured topographic data, and calculating the average value of all measured node river bed heights in the main tank range of each annual siltation section. It should be noted that:
as shown in fig. 2, the main groove ranges of the iron elyses of the downstream wandering section of the yellow river are respectively determined according to the method, as can be seen from the figure, 35 nodes are shared in the main groove of the iron elyses of the yellow river in 1999, the height of the river bed of the 1 st node is 119.39m, the height of the river bed of the 2 nd node is 116.33m, the height of the river bed of the 3 rd node is 116.11m, and so on, the height of the river bed of the 34 th node is 117.66m, and the height of the river bed of the 35 th node is 118.58m.
The obtaining of the average value of all the actual measured node riverbed heights in the range of the main tank of the siltation section comprises,
wherein ,mean value of all node river bed heights in the jth siltation section main tank after flushing start, Z 1 ...Z n The river bed elevation of 1..n nodes in the corresponding main tank of the sediment section in the corresponding year is represented, and n represents the main tank of the sediment sectionThe number of nodes.
According to the formula, the river bed heights of all actually measured nodes in the section main groove are averaged to obtain an average value of 115.15m of the river bed heights of the section of the iron elps in 1999; similarly, the average value of the elevation of the river bed of all the actually measured nodes in the range of the main trough of other sedimentation section of the downstream wandering section of the yellow river is also determined.
S3: and calculating the accumulated riverbed undercut depth of each silted section year by using the average value. It should be noted that:
the calculation of the accumulated riverbed undercut depth of the siltation section includes,
wherein ,indicates the accumulated riverbed undercut depth of the jth siltation section in the ith year after the flushing is started,/day>Mean river elevation of jth silted section indicating the beginning year of flushing, +.>The average value of the elevation of the river bed of all nodes in the main tank of the jth siltation section after the flushing is started is shown.
S4: and (3) carrying out river reach average on the accumulated riverbed undercut depths of all the silted sections to obtain the average accumulated riverbed undercut depth of the downstream river reach of the dam. It should be noted that:
the obtaining of the average accumulated riverbed undercut depth of the river reach includes,
wherein ,represents the average accumulated bed undercut depth of the downstream river reach of the ith dam>The cumulative depth of the bed of the sediment section of the river reach i 1. J represents the total number of sediment sections of the river reach j=28 in this example.
S5: and analyzing the average accumulated riverbed undercut depth of the downstream river reach of the dam, and constructing a prediction model of the downstream riverbed undercut depth of the alluvial river dam. It should be noted that:
constructing a predictive model of the undercut depth of the riverbed downstream of the alluvial river dam includes,
(1) As shown in FIG. 3, based on the daily average flow rate and the sand content of the hydronic station each year, the average sand supply coefficient of the garden at the early 5 years of the hydronic station in 1999-2015 years is calculatedAnd obtaining the correlation of the average incoming sand coefficient of the early 5 years;
(2) Analyzing average accumulated river bed undercut depth of a downstream river reach of the dam, and constructing a prediction model of the downstream river bed undercut depth of the alluvial river dam by combining the correlation of average incoming sand coefficients of the previous 5 years.
The method comprises the steps of calibrating relevant parameters of a bedding depth prediction model at the downstream of a alluvial river dam by adopting hydrological data of hydrological stations and actually measured topographic data of a siltation section after flood;
average incoming sand coefficient of 5 years earlierTaking the average accumulated bed undercut depth of the downstream oscillation section of the yellow river as a dependent variable, constructing a model for predicting the bed undercut depth of the downstream river of the alluvial river dam,
wherein ,represents the average accumulated bed undercut depth of the downstream river reach of the ith dam>Representing the average incoming sand coefficient for the first 5 years, and k and alpha both represent coefficients.
(3) According to hydrological data of the hydrological station and actually measured topographic data after flood, software SPSS is adopted to carry out logarithmic fitting on a formula of a prediction model of the undercut depth of a river bed at the downstream of the dam, and k and alpha parameters in the prediction model are calibrated and verified.
The method calculates the accumulated riverbed undercut depth of each siltation section based on the actually measured topographic data, constructs the average accumulated riverbed undercut depth of the river reach to represent the range of the downstream impact of the river reach to the river reach, can better reflect the special point of the impact of the river reach to the river reach, fully considers the influence of water and sand conditions on the impact of the river reach, can better predict the change trend of the downstream impact of the river reach to the river reach with less data, and has guiding significance on river management and river channel renovation planning.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 4 to 5, a second embodiment of the present application is different from the first embodiment in that a verification test of a method for constructing a model for predicting the depth of cut of a river bed at the downstream of a alluvial river dam is provided, in order to verify and explain the technical effects adopted in the method, parameters k and α in the model are calibrated based on average incoming sand coefficient data of the early 5 years of a garden hydrologic station at the downstream of a yellow river in 1999-2015 years and accumulated depth of cut of the river bed average obtained from actual measured topography data, and the parameters k and α are respectively-0.842 and 2.5596, and the model is verified by adopting data of 2013-2015 years.
The model calibration and verification results show that: FIG. 4 shows that the correlation coefficient between the cumulative riverbed undercut depth of the downstream loose section of the yellow river and the average incoming sand coefficient of the first 5 years reaches 0.96, so that the constructed model can better predict the adjustment trend of the riverbed undercut depth of the downstream loose section of the low-wave bottom dam.
In order to verify the empirical formula, fig. 5 shows the actual measurement value of the undercut depth of the accumulated riverbed of the downstream sway section of the low-wave bottom dam and the calculated value obtained by using the model, and it can be seen from the graph that the calculated value of the undercut depth of the accumulated riverbed of the downstream sway section of the low-wave bottom dam is basically consistent with the variation trend of the actual measurement value, and the actual measurement value and the calculated value are shown in table 1.
Table 1: and (5) comparing the model calculated value and the measured value of the integrated riverbed undercut depth of the downstream wandering section of the yellow river.
| Year of year | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 |
| Actual measurement value | 0.27 | 0.48 | 0.63 | 1.08 | 1.23 | 1.57 | 1.64 | 1.85 |
| Calculated value | 0.28 | 0.47 | 0.73 | 1.00 | 1.35 | 1.46 | 1.54 | 1.67 |
| Year of year | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 |
| Actual measurement value | 1.83 | 1.93 | 2.02 | 2.26 | 2.22 | 2.29 | 2.50 | 2.80 |
| Calculated value | 1.92 | 2.20 | 2.24 | 2.25 | 2.31 | 2.33 | 2.30 | 2.58 |
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application and not for limiting the same, and although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present application may be modified or substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present application, which is intended to be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (4)
1. The method for constructing the bedding undercut depth prediction model of the downstream river of the alluvial river dam is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
collecting actual measurement topographic data after each year of each siltation section of a river segment downstream of an alluvial river dam and hydrological data of a hydrological station;
determining a main tank range of each siltation section year by year based on the actually measured topographic data, and calculating the average value of all actually measured node riverbed heights in the main tank range of each annual siltation section;
calculating the accumulated riverbed undercut depth of each siltation section year by using the average value;
the accumulated riverbed undercut depths of all the silted sections are subjected to river reach averaging, and the average accumulated riverbed undercut depth of the downstream river reach of the dam is obtained;
analyzing average accumulated riverbed undercut depth of a downstream river reach of the dam, and constructing a prediction model of the riverbed undercut depth of the downstream river reach of the alluvial river;
obtaining the average accumulated riverbed undercut depth of the river reach comprises obtaining the average value of all actual measurement node riverbed heights in the range of the main slot of the siltation section, wherein the average value comprises the following steps:
wherein ,mean value of all node river bed heights in the jth siltation section main tank after flushing start, Z 1 ...Z n The river bed elevation of 1 st..n nodes in the corresponding main tank of the corresponding sediment section in the corresponding year is represented, and n represents the number of nodes in the main tank of the sediment section;
the calculation of the accumulated riverbed undercut depth of the siltation section comprises the following steps:
wherein ,indicates the accumulated riverbed undercut depth of the jth siltation section in the ith year after the flushing is started,/day>Mean river elevation of jth silted section indicating the beginning year of flushing, +.>Representing the average value of the elevation of all node riverbed in the jth siltation section main tank after flushing starts;
wherein ,represents the average accumulated bed undercut depth of the downstream river reach of the ith dam>Representing river reachI 1. J accumulated riverbed undercut depths of the siltation sections, j representing the total number of siltation sections of the river reach;
average incoming sand coefficient of 5 years earlierThe construction of the model for predicting the depth of the undercut of the downstream river of the alluvial river dam by taking the average accumulated depth of the undercut of the downstream river of the dam as the independent variable,
wherein ,represents the average accumulated bed undercut depth of the downstream river reach of the ith dam>Representing the average incoming sand coefficient of the first 5 years, wherein k and alpha both represent coefficients;
according to hydrological data of the hydrological station and actually measured topographic data after flood, software SPSS is adopted to carry out logarithmic fitting on a formula of a prediction model of the undercut depth of a river bed at the downstream of the dam, and k and alpha parameters in the prediction model are calibrated and verified.
2. The construction method of the alluvial river dam downstream riverbed undercut depth prediction model according to claim 1, wherein: the actually measured topographic data comprises the starting point distances and the elevations of all nodes actually measured after flood of all the siltation sections in the downstream river reach of the dam.
3. The construction method of the alluvial river dam downstream riverbed undercut depth prediction model according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the hydrologic data comprises daily average flow rate and sand content of each hydrologic station.
4. The construction method of the alluvial river dam downstream riverbed undercut depth prediction model according to claim 1, wherein: constructing a predictive model of the undercut depth of the riverbed downstream of the alluvial river dam includes,
based on the daily average flow rate and the sand content of the hydrologic station each year, calculating the average incoming sand coefficient of the first 5 yearsAnd obtaining the correlation of the average incoming sand coefficient of the early 5 years;
analyzing average accumulated river bed undercut depth of a downstream river reach of the dam, and constructing a prediction model of the downstream river bed undercut depth of the alluvial river dam by combining the correlation of average incoming sand coefficients of the previous 5 years.
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