CN114854956A - Clamping device for quenching ultrahigh-strength steel thin-wall structural member and quenching method - Google Patents
Clamping device for quenching ultrahigh-strength steel thin-wall structural member and quenching method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114854956A CN114854956A CN202210465902.7A CN202210465902A CN114854956A CN 114854956 A CN114854956 A CN 114854956A CN 202210465902 A CN202210465902 A CN 202210465902A CN 114854956 A CN114854956 A CN 114854956A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/63—Quenching devices for bath quenching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
A clamping device for quenching an ultra-high-strength steel thin-wall structural member and a quenching method comprise the following steps: press fitting of S1 components: placing the special-shaped thin-wall component between two side plates on the base, and then adjusting the heights of the left pressing plate and the right pressing plate in the sliding groove to enable the riveted left pressing plate and the riveted right pressing plate to be located above the component; heating of the workpiece of S2: feeding the whole pressed workpiece into a furnace for heating; transfer of the workpiece of S3: and transferring the whole base and the workpiece after heating and heat preservation by using a hoisting mechanism, transferring the whole base and the workpiece to the upper part of a quenching tank, and enabling the whole base and the workpiece to enter the quenching tank at a uniform speed and incline the horizontal direction by 5-10 ℃ until the whole base and the workpiece are completely immersed, thereby completing the whole quenching process. The invention is different from the hot stamping forming method of heat treatment before forming which is generally adopted in the traditional manufacturing industry, adopts the processing method of heat treatment before forming, and has the characteristics of low cost, wide application range and good forming quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of quenching, in particular to a clamping device for quenching an ultra-high-strength steel thin-wall structural member and a quenching method.
Background
With the rapid development of society and economy, energy conservation, environmental protection, safety and intelligence become new trends in the development of industries such as automobiles, spaceflight and the like. On the premise of adopting the same power and transmission system, the fuel consumption can be reduced by 6-8% when the whole vehicle mass of the vehicle is reduced by 10%. Compared with the technical reform of a power system and a transmission system of an automobile, a spacecraft and the like, the light weight is one of the most effective measures for reducing energy consumption and emission on the premise of ensuring the structure safety and performance. The quality of finished workpieces can be effectively reduced and various performances of the structural member can be improved by selecting a proper light-weight ultrahigh-strength steel material and a heat treatment process.
Aiming at the forming of various special-shaped thin-wall workpieces, the hot stamping forming technology is generally adopted in the manufacturing industry at present. The hot stamping forming technology is a forming mode that a boron steel plate (with initial strength of 500-700 MPa) is heated to an austenitizing state, the boron steel plate is quickly transferred to a die to be stamped and formed at high speed, a workpiece is quenched in the die body at a cooling speed of more than 27 ℃/s under the condition of ensuring a certain pressure, and pressure maintaining quenching is carried out for a period of time, so that an ultrahigh-strength steel part with a uniform martensite structure is obtained. The forming method has the advantages of relatively good part forming performance, relatively high dimensional precision and good surface hardness, dent resistance and rigidity of the part. However, the hot stamping production line has high fixed cost, needs different hot stamping dies for forming different parts, and is not suitable for producing small-batch and multi-type workpieces. The production and processing method of molding before treatment is more suitable for processing and molding of multiple types of special-shaped thin-wall workpieces in small batches.
The special-shaped thin-wall workpiece has a relatively complex structure, poor rigidity and large cutting allowance, and thermal stress and structural stress are easily generated in the quenching treatment process. Under the combined action of the internal stresses, the workpiece is deformed to a greater extent and even cracked, the assembly and use precision of the workpiece is affected, and the structural part is scrapped under severe conditions. Therefore, the method has important research significance and development prospect in controlling the quenching deformation of the special-shaped thin-wall workpiece.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the workpiece clamping device which is simple in structure and convenient to operate and can control the expansion space of the workpiece and reduce the deformation of the thin-wall workpiece in the quenching process and the method for controlling the quenching deformation of the ultra-high-strength steel thin-wall structural member by using the clamping device.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a super high strength steel thin-walled structure spare is quenched and is used clamping device, includes base and heat preservation cover, its characterized in that: the base is provided with a plurality of pairs of mutually parallel stand columns, a left pressure plate and a right pressure plate with adjustable heights are respectively installed on the stand columns, and the left pressure plate and the right pressure plate are riveted together through a pin shaft.
The stand, the left pressing plate and the right pressing plate are all provided with sliding grooves, and the left pressing plate and the right pressing plate are respectively connected in the sliding grooves in a sliding mode.
The base is provided with two parallel side plates, and the upright columns are respectively arranged at the tops of the two side plates.
A plurality of heat transfer holes are uniformly distributed on the heat preservation cover and the side plates.
The bottom of base is provided with a plurality of support columns.
The included angle between the left pressing plate and the right pressing plate ranges from 135 degrees to 180 degrees.
A method for controlling quenching deformation of an ultrahigh-strength steel thin-wall structural member by using a clamping device for quenching the ultrahigh-strength steel thin-wall structural member is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, press fitting of the workpiece: placing a workpiece on a base, and pressing the workpiece by using an adjustable left pressing plate and an adjustable right pressing plate, wherein a certain gap is kept between the left pressing plate and the workpiece and between the right pressing plate and the workpiece according to the difference of thermal expansion coefficients;
heating of the workpiece of S2: putting the whole of the base and the workpiece which are pressed and mounted into a heating furnace for heating, and preserving heat for a period of time to wait for transfer after heating to a set temperature;
transfer of the workpiece of S3: and transferring the whole base and the workpiece after heating and heat preservation by using a hoisting mechanism, transferring the whole base and the workpiece to the upper part of a quenching tank, and enabling the whole base and the workpiece to enter the quenching tank at a uniform speed and incline the horizontal direction by 5-10 ℃ until the whole base and the workpiece are completely immersed, thereby completing the whole quenching process.
And in the step S1, the gap distance between the left pressing plate and the workpiece and the gap distance between the right pressing plate and the workpiece are 3-7 mm.
And in the step S2, the workpiece is heated to 900-910 ℃, and the temperature of the heating furnace is kept for 30-45 minutes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. in the press-fitting step, a special adjustable press-fitting structure is adopted, and the thermal expansion space of the workpiece can be controlled by matching and adjusting the two press rods aiming at thin-wall structural members with different shapes, so that the deformation of the thin-wall workpiece in the quenching process is effectively reduced.
2. In the transfer step, the heat-insulating cover structure with uniform holes is adopted, so that the cooling capacity of the workpiece in the quenching transfer process can be effectively reduced, and the workpiece can be ensured to be rapidly cooled below Ms (or isothermal near Ms) at a cooling speed higher than the critical cooling speed to perform martensite (or bainite) transformation.
3. In the transfer stage, the hoisting mechanism is utilized to enable the workpiece to be inclined into water, and the water inlet angle of the workpiece is limited, so that the deformation of the workpiece in the direction perpendicular to the length direction can be effectively controlled, the inward concave deformation degree of the side wall of the workpiece is minimum, and the assembly requirement of the workpiece is met.
4. The invention is different from the hot stamping forming method of heat treatment before forming which is generally adopted in the traditional manufacturing industry, adopts the processing method of heat treatment before forming, and has the characteristics of low cost, wide application range and good forming quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention without a heat-retaining cover.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view (side view) of the present invention when the heat-retaining cover is installed.
In the figure: base 1, heat preservation cover 2, stand 3, left clamp plate 4, right clamp plate 5, round pin axle 6, spout 7, curb plate 8, heat transfer hole 9, support column 10.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following description and embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a workpiece clamping device for quenching an ultra-high strength steel thin-wall structural member comprises a base 1 and a heat-insulating cover 2, wherein the bottom of the base 1 is provided with a plurality of supporting columns 10, the base 1 is provided with two parallel side plates 8, the heat-insulating cover 2 and the side plates 8 are uniformly distributed with a plurality of heat transfer holes 9, the top of each side plate 8 is provided with five pairs of parallel upright posts 3, the upright posts 3, a left pressing plate 4 and a right pressing plate 5 are all provided with sliding grooves 7, the left pressing plate 4 and the right pressing plate 5 are respectively connected in the sliding grooves 7 in a sliding manner through sliding shafts, the left pressing plate 4 and the right pressing plate 5 are riveted together through pin shafts 6, and the included angle between the left pressing plate 4 and the right pressing plate 5 can be adjusted to 135-180 degrees by adjusting the heights of the left pressing plate 4 and the right pressing plate 5 in the sliding grooves 7.
The method for controlling the quenching deformation of the ultrahigh-strength steel thin-wall structural member by using the clamping device is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, press fitting of the workpiece: the special-shaped thin-wall component is placed between two side plates 8 on the base 1, and then the height of the left pressing plate 4 and the height of the right pressing plate 5 in the sliding groove 7 are adjusted, so that the left pressing plate 4 and the right pressing plate 5 are riveted and located above the component. The left pressing plate 4 and the right pressing plate 5 are made of heat-resistant materials, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the heat-resistant materials is lower than that of a processed workpiece. In order to prevent the deformation of a workpiece to be processed in the heating process, a certain gap is reserved between the left pressing plate 4 and the workpiece and between the right pressing plate 5 and the workpiece, and after a plurality of process trial and error processes and experience summarization, when the gap distance between the left pressing plate 4 and the workpiece and the gap distance between the right pressing plate 5 and the workpiece are 3-7 mm, the thermal expansion of the workpiece in the heating process of the resistance-type heating furnace can be inhibited to the maximum extent. After press mounting and fixing, the heat preservation cover 2 is arranged on the base 1;
heating of the workpiece of S2: the whole pressed workpiece is put into a furnace for heating, and a plurality of heat transfer holes 9 are uniformly distributed on the heat preservation cover 2 and the side plate 8. If the heat transfer hole 9 is not arranged, the temperature of the part of the bottom of the workpiece, which is contacted with the base 1, is increased too fast in the heating process; because both sides and the upper part of the workpiece are not in contact with the base 1, the heat transfer efficiency is relatively low, the temperature rise is relatively slow, and the thermal expansion deformation of the workpiece is easily caused by uneven temperature distribution. After the heat transfer holes 9 are formed in the two side plates 8 of the base 1, the phenomenon that the whole workpiece is uniformly heated is effectively improved. In order to prevent the phenomenon of insufficient heat absorption at the bottom of the workpiece in the heating process, four support columns are reserved below the base 1, so that the tool is integrally lifted, and the heating efficiency of the bottom of the workpiece is effectively improved;
transfer of the workpiece of S3: and when the workpiece is heated to about 900 ℃, the heating furnace is kept warm for 30-45 minutes to ensure that the temperature of each part of the workpiece reaches the specified temperature, and the workpiece is lifted after being opened after the heat preservation is finished. Firstly, a base 1 is hoisted by using a workshop gantry crane to drive the whole tool to move towards a quenching cooling pool together. When the distance between the whole tool and the water tank is 1m, the workpiece and the whole tool are inclined at a certain speed by 5-10 ℃ and immersed in the cooling liquid. For the special-shaped thin-wall workpieces, due to the fact that the wall thickness is thin and the size is large, the processes of clamping and quenching transfer after the workpieces are discharged from a furnace are difficult, and the quenching transfer time is generally 55-75 s. If the heat-insulating cover is not additionally arranged, the temperature of the workpiece is 520-650 ℃ when the workpiece is transferred to a quenching bath to be contacted with cooling liquid, and is far lower than the critical cooling temperature Ac1 of the ultra-high strength steel, so that the quenching effect is poor. The heat preservation cover 2 arranged on the base 1 can effectively reduce the cooling speed of the workpiece after the workpiece is discharged from the furnace, when the quenching transfer time of the workpiece is about 75s, the temperature of the workpiece 1 can still be higher than the critical cooling temperature Ac1 at the moment, and the workpiece is cooled at a speed higher than the critical cooling speed, so that an unbalanced structure mainly comprising martensite is obtained, and the workpiece has a good quenching effect.
The quenching treatment of the special-shaped thin-wall workpiece of the ultrahigh-strength steel is completed through the three processes of press mounting, heating and transferring of the workpiece, the deformation of the workpiece in the whole quenching process is effectively controlled in the heat treatment process, and the strength after quenching is improved.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a super high strength steel thin-walled structure spare is quenched and is used clamping device, includes base (1) and heat preservation cover (2), its characterized in that: the base (1) is provided with a plurality of pairs of mutually parallel upright posts (3), a left pressure plate (4) and a right pressure plate (5) with adjustable heights are respectively installed on the upright posts (3), and the left pressure plate (4) and the right pressure plate (5) are riveted together through a pin shaft (6).
2. The clamping device for quenching the ultra-high strength steel thin-wall structural part according to claim 1, wherein: all be provided with spout (7) on stand (3), left clamp plate (4) and right clamp plate (5), left side clamp plate (4) and right clamp plate (5) sliding connection are in spout (7) respectively.
3. The clamping device for quenching the ultra-high strength steel thin-wall structural part according to claim 1, wherein: the base (1) is provided with two parallel side plates (8), and the upright posts (3) are respectively arranged at the tops of the two side plates (8).
4. The clamping device for quenching the ultra-high strength steel thin-wall structural part according to claim 3, wherein: a plurality of heat transfer holes (9) are uniformly distributed on the heat preservation cover (2) and the side plate (8).
5. The clamping device for quenching the ultra-high strength steel thin-wall structural part according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the base (1) is provided with a plurality of supporting columns (10).
6. The clamping device for quenching the ultra-high strength steel thin-wall structural part according to claim 1, wherein: the included angle between the left pressing plate (4) and the right pressing plate (5) is 135-180 degrees.
7. A method for controlling quenching deformation of an ultra-high strength steel thin-walled structural member by using the clamping device of any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, press fitting of the workpiece: placing a workpiece on a base (1), pressing the workpiece by using an adjustable left pressing plate (4) and an adjustable right pressing plate (5), and keeping a certain gap between the left pressing plate (4) and the workpiece and between the right pressing plate (5) and the workpiece according to the difference of thermal expansion coefficients;
heating of the workpiece of S2: putting the base (1) and the workpiece which are pressed and assembled into a heating furnace to be heated, and preserving heat for a period of time to wait for transfer after the heating is carried out to a set temperature;
transfer of the workpiece of S3: and (3) transferring the base (1) and the workpiece integrally after the heating and heat preservation are finished by using a hoisting mechanism, transferring the base and the workpiece to the upper part of a quenching tank, and enabling the base and the workpiece to enter the quenching tank at a uniform speed and incline the horizontal direction by 5-10 ℃ until the base and the workpiece are completely immersed, thereby finishing the whole quenching process.
8. The method for controlling quenching deformation of the ultra-high strength steel thin-walled structural member according to claim 7, wherein: and in the step S1, the gap distance between the left pressing plate (4), the right pressing plate (5) and the workpiece is 3-7 mm.
9. The method for controlling quenching deformation of the ultra-high strength steel thin-walled structure member according to claim 7, wherein: and in the step S2, the workpiece is heated to 900-910 ℃, and the temperature of the heating furnace is kept for 30-45 minutes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210465902.7A CN114854956A (en) | 2022-04-29 | 2022-04-29 | Clamping device for quenching ultrahigh-strength steel thin-wall structural member and quenching method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210465902.7A CN114854956A (en) | 2022-04-29 | 2022-04-29 | Clamping device for quenching ultrahigh-strength steel thin-wall structural member and quenching method |
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| CN114854956A true CN114854956A (en) | 2022-08-05 |
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| CN202210465902.7A Pending CN114854956A (en) | 2022-04-29 | 2022-04-29 | Clamping device for quenching ultrahigh-strength steel thin-wall structural member and quenching method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115976306A (en) * | 2023-03-20 | 2023-04-18 | 昆山淀富精密组件有限公司 | Heat treatment quenching device for plates |
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2022
- 2022-04-29 CN CN202210465902.7A patent/CN114854956A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115976306A (en) * | 2023-03-20 | 2023-04-18 | 昆山淀富精密组件有限公司 | Heat treatment quenching device for plates |
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