CN114852964A - Equipment for preparing hydrogen and graphite by using liquid metal and natural gas - Google Patents

Equipment for preparing hydrogen and graphite by using liquid metal and natural gas Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114852964A
CN114852964A CN202210684387.1A CN202210684387A CN114852964A CN 114852964 A CN114852964 A CN 114852964A CN 202210684387 A CN202210684387 A CN 202210684387A CN 114852964 A CN114852964 A CN 114852964A
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pipe
graphite
hydrogen
reactor
natural gas
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芶富均
陈波
陈建军
叶宗标
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Chengdu Daxincheng Technology Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/22—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds
    • C01B3/24—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/20—Graphite
    • C01B32/205—Preparation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0266—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a decomposition step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
    • C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1235—Hydrocarbons
    • C01B2203/1241—Natural gas or methane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)

Abstract

The equipment for preparing hydrogen and graphite by using liquid metal and natural gas comprises desulfurization and dehydration equipment, a heat exchanger, a cooler, gas-solid separation equipment, a pressure swing adsorber, a hydrogen storage tank, a master control system, a cavity, a top cover, an air inlet pipe, a reactor, a vacuum pump, an exhaust pipe, a graphite pipe and an air blowing pipe which are arranged together. The method utilizes the liquid metal to act on the natural gas for cracking to prepare the hydrogen and the graphite, the methane in the natural gas is subjected to direct cracking reaction to generate the hydrogen and the graphite, no carbon dioxide is discharged in the production process, the hydrogen generated by cracking in the reactor is used for carrying graphite dust and discharging the graphite dust out of the reactor during working, the hydrogen in the product can be purified and then used in industries such as fuel cells and the like, the carbon powder can also be used in the industrial field, the overall economy of the process has certain guarantee, the method has the potential of large-scale application in the future carbon-free hydrogen production direction, and the automatic continuous production can be realized. The invention has good prospect.

Description

Equipment for preparing hydrogen and graphite by using liquid metal and natural gas
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen preparation, in particular to equipment for preparing hydrogen and graphite by utilizing liquid metal and natural gas.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the industrial development degree, the human energy demand is increased rapidly, and the burning of the conventional fossil fuel (petroleum, coal and the like) generates excessive carbon dioxide, so that the global temperature rises, glaciers melt and sea level rises, and serious environmental problems such as global climate change, crop yield reduction, air pollution and the like are caused. And the above energy is not renewable and faces the danger of exhaustion. In response to unprecedented pressure on current carbon dioxide emission, the development of a carbon neutralization type is gradually launched globally, and clean renewable energy sources are vigorously developed. The hydrogen energy is convenient to prepare, efficient and environment-friendly, is an ideal secondary energy, can effectively assist in carbon reduction and energy structure optimization, is a major strategic direction of global new energy transformation, and is bound to rapidly develop and utilize the hydrogen energy.
The current mature hydrogen production main modes comprise hydrogen production by fossil energy (coal and natural gas) and hydrogen production by water electrolysis. The main form of hydrogen production by fossil fuel is natural gas steam reforming, namely, hydrocarbon components such as methane in natural gas are catalyzed by chemical reaction to generate target hydrogen, and the reaction formula is as follows: CH (CH) 4 +0.5 H 2 O→0.5 CO+1.5 H 2 Δ H =103 kJ/mol; the method is limited by the technology, and the main problem is that the greenhouse gas CO is generated in large quantity while the hydrogen is obtained 2 Although CO is adsorbed by subsequent pressure swing adsorption 2 The capture can reduce CO in the product to a certain extent 2 Concentration, but currently CO 2 The trapping cost is high, the efficiency is low, and the low-carbon development is difficult to realize. The water electrolysis hydrogen production is mainly realized by dissociating water molecules in the electrolyte through electric energy to generate hydrogen and oxygen, so that the real carbon-free emission can be realized, but the current water electrolysis technology is limited by the influence of high cost and low service life of electrode materials and electrolyte membranes and high power consumption at the rear end, and is difficult to form effective large-scale application.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, hydrogen production by fossil energy and hydrogen production by water electrolysis, and the defects of the adopted equipment and technology, the invention provides equipment for preparing hydrogen and graphite by using liquid metal and natural gas, wherein the equipment and technology can directly generate methane in natural gas under high temperature and the like, can directly perform cracking reaction to generate hydrogen and solid carbon, directly generate solid carbon powder without carbon dioxide emission, and the hydrogen in the product is purified and then used in industries such as fuel cells and the like, has better overall economy and has large-scale application potential in the future carbon-free hydrogen production direction.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a device for preparing hydrogen and graphite by using liquid metal and natural gas comprises a desulfurization and dehydration device, a heat exchanger, a cooler, a gas-solid separation device, a pressure swing adsorber, a hydrogen storage tank, a master control system, a cavity, a top cover, an air inlet pipe, a reactor, a vacuum pump, an exhaust pipe, a graphite pipe and an air blowing pipe; the vacuum tube is arranged outside one side end of the cavity, and the air outlet end of the vacuum tube is connected with the air inlet end of the vacuum pump; the outer side of the cavity is of a double-layer structure, and a water inlet A and a water outlet A are arranged at one end of the outer side of the cavity; the bottom in the cavity is respectively provided with a refractory brick and a heat insulation plate, the reactor is arranged on the heat insulation plate, the outside of the reactor is sequentially provided with a filler, asbestos cloth, a heater and a bracket from inside to outside, the side end of the bracket is provided with a thermocouple, the measuring end of the thermocouple is attached to the outer wall of the reactor, and the signal output end of the thermocouple is electrically connected with the signal input end of a main control system; the upper part of the reactor is provided with a heat insulation board B and a heat insulation board A which are used as buffer areas; the top cover is connected with the upper part of the cavity, the outer side of the top cover is of a double-layer structure, a water inlet C, a water outlet C, a safety valve and a pressure sensor are arranged on the outer side of the top cover, the air inlet pipe is arranged on the top cover, the lower part of the air inlet pipe is connected with the graphite pipe through a flexible corrugated pipe, and the lower end of the graphite pipe is provided with a plurality of air holes; the buffer area is provided with a guide plate, one end of the guide plate is connected with an exhaust pipe at the upper part of one side end of the cavity, the other end of the guide plate is provided with a distribution pipe, one end of the distribution pipe is connected with an air inlet on the guide plate, the other end of the distribution pipe is connected with one end of an air guide pipe, the other end of the air guide pipe is connected with an air blowing pipe at the side end of the cavity, and the air blowing pipe and the side end of an air inlet pipe are connected with one side of a hydrogen pipeline of the hydrogen storage tank in parallel; the gas input end of the desulfurization and dehydration equipment is connected with the natural gas pipe, the gas output end of the desulfurization and dehydration equipment is connected with the inlet of the heat exchanger, the outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the upper end of the gas inlet pipe, the side end of the exhaust pipe is connected with the inlet of the cooler, the outlet of the cooler is connected with the inlet of the gas-solid separation equipment, the outlet of the cooler is connected with the inlet of the pressure swing adsorber, the outlet of the pressure swing adsorber is connected with the inlet of the hydrogen storage tank, and the pipeline connected between the exhaust pipe and the cooler is positioned in the heat exchanger.
Furthermore, the bottom of the cavity is of a double-layer structure, and a water inlet B, a water outlet B and a cooling water channel B are respectively arranged on the outer side of the lower end of the cavity.
Further, a plurality of supports are installed to cavity bottom lower extreme.
Furthermore, the filler is fused magnesia, and the heater is an electric heater.
Furthermore, the material of the heat insulation plate A and the heat insulation plate B is ceramic fiber plate.
Further, the guide plate is of a conical structure;
further, the reactor is internally provided with a copper-bismuth alloy.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention utilizes liquid metal to act on natural gas for cracking to prepare hydrogen and graphite, methane in the natural gas is subjected to direct cracking reaction to generate hydrogen and solid carbon (graphite), no carbon dioxide is discharged in the production process, during work, the hydrogen generated by cracking in the reactor is used for carrying graphite dust and discharging the graphite dust out of the reactor, so that the graphite in the reactor is continuously discharged, the hydrogen in the product can be purified and used in industries such as fuel cells, the carbon powder can also be used in the industrial field, the overall economy of the process has certain guarantee, the invention has the potential of large-scale application in the future carbon-free hydrogen production direction, and the automatic continuous production can be realized. Based on the above, the invention has good application prospect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a baffle arrangement.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the intake pipe.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the process flow of the present invention.
Detailed Description
FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 4 show an apparatus for producing hydrogen and graphite from liquid metal and natural gas, which comprises a desulfurization and dehydration apparatus (not shown), a heat exchanger (not shown), a cooler (not shown), a gas-solid separation apparatus (not shown), a Pressure Swing Adsorber (PSA) (not shown), a hydrogen storage tank (not shown), a main control system (not shown), a chamber 1, a top cover 2, a gas inlet pipe 4, a reactor 17, a vacuum pump (not shown), a gas inlet pipe 401, a graphite pipe 404 and a gas blowing pipe 11; the middle part of the right end of the cavity 1 is sequentially provided with a vacuum flange 113 and a vacuum tube 15, the vacuum flange 113 and the vacuum tube 15 are sealed by a sealing ring B23, and the air outlet end of the vacuum tube 15 is connected with the air inlet end of a vacuum pump; the outer side of the cavity 1 is of a double-layer structure, the space between the inner layer and the outer layer is used as a cooling water channel A103, the upper part and the lower part of the left end of the cavity 1 are respectively provided with a water inlet A101 and a water outlet A102 which are communicated with the inside of the cooling water channel A103, the water inlet A101 is connected with a tap water pipe and the like, and the water outlet A102 is connected with a workshop waste water tank through a pipeline; the central axis of the bottom in the cavity 1 is respectively provided with a refractory brick 21 and a heat insulation board 20 from top to bottom, the lower end of the reactor 17 is arranged on the heat insulation board 20, the outside of the reactor 17 is sequentially provided with a filler 18, asbestos cloth 19, a heater 3 and a bracket 13 from inside to outside, two leading-out electrodes at two ends of the heater 3 are fixed on an insulation board 28 through a feed flange 108, the feed flange 108 and the insulating plate 28 are sealed by a sealing ring B23, the upper part and the lower part of the right end of the bracket 13 are respectively provided with a through hole in the transverse direction, a thermocouple 16 is respectively arranged in each through hole, the measuring end of the thermocouple 16 is tightly attached to the outer wall of the reactor 17, the lead end of the thermocouple 16 is led out from the electrode flange 14 through the temperature measuring flange 112, the temperature measuring flange 112 and the electrode flange 14 are sealed by a sealing ring F27, and the signal output end of the thermocouple is connected with the signal input end of a main control system through a lead; a heat insulation plate B10 is installed at the top of the reactor 17, an exhaust hole is formed in the central axis of the heat insulation plate B10, the outer diameter of the heat insulation plate B10 is consistent with the inner diameter of the reactor 17, a heat insulation plate A9 is installed above the heat insulation plate B10, a buffer area 29 is formed between the heat insulation plate B10 and the heat insulation plate A9, an installation hole of an air inlet pipe 4 is formed in the central axis of the heat insulation plate A9, and the caliber of the installation hole is consistent with the outer diameter of the air inlet pipe 4; the top cover 2 is connected with the cavity 17 through a connecting flange 111 and sealed through a sealing ring D25, a double-layer water cooling structure is adopted on the outer side of the top cover 2 as a cooling water channel C203, a water inlet C201 and a water outlet C202 which are communicated with the inside of the cooling water channel C203 are respectively installed at the left end and the right end of the outer side of the top cover 2, a flange A204, a flange B205 and an air inlet flange 206 which are communicated with the outer side layer of the top cover are installed at the left end and the right end of the outer side of the top cover 2, the upper ends of the flange A204 and the flange B205 are respectively connected with a connecting pipe A5 and a connecting pipe B6 and are sealed through a sealing ring A22, a safety valve and a pressure sensor are respectively installed at the other ends of the connecting pipe A5 and the connecting pipe B6, the upper end of the air inlet pipe 4 is connected with the air inlet flange 206 through a flange B23, the water inlet C201 is connected with a tap water pipe, and the water outlet C202 is connected with a workshop waste water tank through a pipeline; the lower part of the gas inlet pipe 4 is connected with the graphite pipe 404 by adopting a flexible metal corrugated pipe 403, the lower end of the graphite pipe 404 is annularly provided with a plurality of gas holes 405, and the lower end of the graphite pipe 404 is positioned at the inner lower part of the reactor 17; a guide plate 7 is arranged in the middle of the buffer area 29, the right end of the guide plate 7 is connected with an exhaust flange 114 at the right upper end of the cavity, a distribution pipe 701 is arranged at the left end of the guide plate 7, one end of the distribution pipe 701 is connected with an air inlet on the guide plate 7, the other end of the distribution pipe is connected with an air guide pipe 8, the air inlet end of the air guide pipe 8 is connected with an air blowing flange 110 at the left end of the cavity, the air blowing flange 110 and an air blowing pipe 11 are sealed by a sealing ring C24, and the air blowing pipe 11 and the left side end of an air inlet pipe 4 are connected with one side of a hydrogen pipeline of the hydrogen storage tank in parallel (a solenoid valve controlled by a time control switch is connected between the hydrogen pipeline and the air blowing pipe 11 and the side end of the air inlet pipe in series); the gas input end and the natural gas pipe of desulfurization and dewatering equipment are connected, the gas output end and the heat exchanger access connection of desulfurization and dewatering equipment, heat exchanger export and 4 upper ends of intake pipe are connected, 12 right side ends of exhaust flange and cooler access connection, cooler export and gas-solid splitter access connection, cooler export and PSA access connection, PSA export and hydrogen storage tank access connection, the pipeline ring that connects between exhaust flange 12 and the cooler distributes and is located the heat exchanger.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, a cooling water channel B106 is installed at the bottom of the cavity 1, the lower ends of the two sides of the cooling water channel B106 are respectively provided with a water inlet B104, a water outlet B105 and a cooling water channel B106, the water inlet B104 is connected with a tap water pipe, and the water outlet B105 is connected with a waste water tank of a production area through a pipeline. Four supports 107 are mounted at the lower end of the bottom of the chamber 1. The filler 18 is fused magnesia, and the heater 3 is an electric heater. The materials of the heat insulation board A9 and the heat insulation board B10 are ceramic fiber boards. The upper end of the air inlet pipe 4 is connected with natural gas; the guide plate 7 is of a conical structure; the reactor 17 contains a copper-bismuth alloy therein in an amount of about four fifths of the height of the inside of the reactor.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the sealing ring B23 is used for sealing between the vacuum flange 113 and the vacuum tube 15, and the vacuum pump is used for vacuum-pumping the chamber 1 to exhaust air in the chamber 1 as much as possible, thereby avoiding the reactor from being oxidized during operation and shortening the service life. The double-layer water-cooling structure of the cavity 1 is cooled by the cooling water channel A103 and the cooling water channel B106 (cooling water flows in from a tap water pipe and is discharged to a waste water tank after absorbing heat), so that safety accidents such as scalding caused by overhigh temperature of the outer side of the working process can be prevented, and meanwhile, the double-layer water-cooling structure is used for cooling a sealing piece on the double-layer water-cooling structure, ensuring the sealing effect and prolonging the service life. The asbestos cloth 19 is of a U-shaped structure, the reactor 17 and the heater 3 are filled with the filler 18, the asbestos cloth 19 is used for surrounding and covering, the filler 18 is prevented from leaking from gaps of the heater 3 and gaps at the bottom of the reactor 17, and the electric melting magnesia used for the filler 18 has a good heat insulation effect and high-temperature electric insulation. The holder 13 is used for holding the heater 3, and the heater 3 is used for melting the metal 30 in the reactor 17 and keeping it in a molten state all the time. Thermocouple signals at the lower end of the reactor 17 are fed back to a heating power supply output by the main control system to control the temperature of the reactor 17, and a thermocouple at the upper end is used for monitoring the temperature of the reactor 17. The water inlet C201, the water outlet C202 and the cooling water channel C203 arranged on the top cover 2 can prevent safety accidents such as scalding caused by overhigh temperature of the outer upper side of the top cover and is used for cooling the sealing piece arranged on the top cover. When the safety valve is used for overpressure of air pressure in the cavity 1, automatic pressure relief is achieved, operation safety of equipment is guaranteed, the pressure sensor is used for monitoring the air pressure in the cavity 1, and when the air pressure in the cavity 1 is higher than or lower than a set value, an alarm sound-light prompt is sent out, and operation safety of the equipment is guaranteed.
The air inlet 401 of the air inlet pipe 4 is connected with the graphite pipe 404 by the flexible corrugated pipe 403, so that the damage to the graphite pipe 404 caused by the contraction force generated by the solidification of liquid metal and the expansion force of metal during secondary heating during abnormal shutdown can be avoided. The gas holes 405 arranged at the lower end of the graphite tube 404 can ensure that small bubbles can be formed when natural gas enters the liquid metal 30 through the gas holes 405, which is beneficial to improving the conversion rate. The gas blowing pipe 11 is connected with an external hydrogen pipeline, so that natural gas enters the liquid metal 30 of the reactor 17 through the gas inlet pipe 4 and is cracked into hydrogen, graphite and partial graphene in the liquid metal 30, the hydrogen enters the buffer area with graphite dust and the like, and enters the exhaust flange together under the action of purge gas, and continuous and efficient hydrogen production and graphite of the liquid metal natural gas are achieved.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, a heater 3 is installed outside the reactor to melt the metal in the reactor 17 and keep it in a molten state at all times; the gas inlet pipe 4 is used for introducing natural gas into the reactor, the natural gas reacts in the liquid metal and is cracked into hydrogen, graphite and the like, the hydrogen carries graphite dust and the like to enter a buffer area and enters the exhaust pipe 12 through the exhaust flange 114 under the action of sweeping gas, the hydrogen, the graphite powder and the like enter a rear-end processing system along the exhaust pipe 12 to be separated and processed to obtain pure hydrogen and graphite powder, and continuous and efficient hydrogen production and graphite of the liquid metal natural gas can be achieved.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, when the natural gas desulfurization and dehydration device works, natural gas is desulfurized and dehydrated through the desulfurization and dehydration device, heat in hydrogen discharged by the exhaust flange is absorbed through the heat exchanger, then the natural gas enters the reactor 17 through the air inlet pipe 4, and further is cracked into hydrogen, graphite powder and the like under the action of liquid metal in the reactor, the hydrogen carrying graphite dust and the like enters the heat exchanger through the exhaust flange 12 to exchange heat with the natural gas, so that the natural gas is preheated, the preheating is effectively utilized, and the energy consumption is reduced. Hydrogen, graphite dust and the like enter a cooler for cooling after passing through a heat exchanger, so that the damage of equipment caused by the fact that high-temperature gas and dust enter a gas-solid separator is avoided, the hydrogen, natural gas which is not cracked, the graphite dust and the like are separated in gas-solid separation equipment, the gas-solid separation equipment collects the separated graphite dust and the like, the hydrogen and the natural gas which is not cracked enter PSA for separation, the separated high-purity hydrogen mainly enters a hydrogen storage tank for storage after being decompressed by a hydrogen buffer tank matched with the hydrogen storage tank, part of the hydrogen periodically enters a natural gas inlet pipeline and an air blowing pipe 11 through an electromagnetic valve with an opened valve core, the hydrogen in the air blowing pipe 11 periodically blows a guide plate 7, the graphite dust and the like are prevented from hardening in a buffer area 29 to cause blockage, the hydrogen, the graphite dust and the like are not beneficial to be discharged, the hydrogen entering a natural gas inlet pipe 4 enters the inlet pipe 4 together with the natural gas, the hydrogen can react with carbon generated by cracking in advance in the air inlet pipe 4 to generate methane, so that air holes in the air inlet pipe 4 are prevented from being blocked, and continuous production is prevented from being influenced. Through the above, the hydrogen and graphite are prepared by utilizing the liquid metal to act on the natural gas for cracking, the methane in the natural gas is subjected to direct cracking reaction to generate hydrogen and solid carbon (graphite), no carbon dioxide is discharged in the production process, during the operation, the hydrogen generated by cracking in the reactor is used for carrying graphite dust and discharging the graphite dust out of the reactor, the continuous discharge of the graphite in the reactor is realized, the hydrogen in the product can be purified and used in industries such as fuel cells, the carbon powder can also be used in the industrial field, the overall economy of the process has certain guarantee, the hydrogen production process has the potential of large-scale application in the future without the direction of carbonization hydrogen production, and the automatic continuous production can be realized. In the invention, the principle of preparing hydrogen by natural gas is as follows: the high-temperature cracking of methane in natural gas for hydrogen production is a strong endothermic reaction, and after methane molecules obtain energy, C-H bonds of the methane molecules are broken and then converted into hydrogen molecules and solid carbon.
While there have been shown and described what are at present considered to be the fundamental and essential features of the invention, and the advantages thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, but is capable of being embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, the embodiments do not include only one independent technical solution, and such description is only for clarity, and those skilled in the art should take the description as a whole, and the technical solutions in the embodiments may be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (7)

1. A device for preparing hydrogen and graphite by using liquid metal and natural gas comprises a desulfurization and dehydration device, a heat exchanger, a cooler, a gas-solid separation device, a pressure swing adsorber, a hydrogen storage tank, a master control system, a cavity, a top cover, an air inlet pipe, a reactor, a vacuum pump, an exhaust pipe, a graphite pipe and an air blowing pipe; the vacuum tube is arranged outside one side end of the cavity, and the air outlet end of the vacuum tube is connected with the air inlet end of the vacuum pump; the outer side of the cavity is of a double-layer structure, and a water inlet A and a water outlet A are arranged at one end of the outer side of the cavity; the bottom in the cavity is respectively provided with a refractory brick and a heat insulation plate, the reactor is arranged on the heat insulation plate, the outside of the reactor is sequentially provided with a filler, asbestos cloth, a heater and a bracket from inside to outside, the side end of the bracket is provided with a thermocouple, the measuring end of the thermocouple is attached to the outer wall of the reactor, and the signal output end of the thermocouple is electrically connected with the signal input end of a main control system; the upper part of the reactor is provided with a heat insulation board B and a heat insulation board A which are used as buffer areas; the top cover is connected with the upper part of the cavity, the outer side of the top cover is of a double-layer structure, a water inlet C, a water outlet C, a safety valve and a pressure sensor are arranged on the outer side of the top cover, the air inlet pipe is arranged on the top cover, the lower part of the air inlet pipe is connected with the graphite pipe through a flexible corrugated pipe, and the lower end of the graphite pipe is provided with a plurality of air holes; the buffer area is provided with a guide plate, one end of the guide plate is connected with an exhaust pipe at the upper part of one side end of the cavity, the other end of the guide plate is provided with a distribution pipe, one end of the distribution pipe is connected with an air inlet on the guide plate, the other end of the distribution pipe is connected with one end of an air guide pipe, the other end of the air guide pipe is connected with an air blowing pipe at the side end of the cavity, and the air blowing pipe and the side end of an air inlet pipe are connected with one side of a hydrogen pipeline of the hydrogen storage tank in parallel; the gas input end of the desulfurization and dehydration equipment is connected with the natural gas pipe, the gas output end of the desulfurization and dehydration equipment is connected with the inlet of the heat exchanger, the outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the upper end of the gas inlet pipe, the side end of the exhaust pipe is connected with the inlet of the cooler, the outlet of the cooler is connected with the inlet of the gas-solid separation equipment, the outlet of the cooler is connected with the inlet of the pressure swing adsorber, the outlet of the pressure swing adsorber is connected with the inlet of the hydrogen storage tank, and the pipeline connected between the exhaust pipe and the cooler is positioned in the heat exchanger.
2. The apparatus for preparing hydrogen and graphite using liquid metal and natural gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom of the chamber has a double-layered structure and the water inlet B, the water outlet B and the cooling water passage B are installed at the outer side of the lower end of the chamber.
3. The apparatus for producing hydrogen and graphite using liquid metal and natural gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of holders are installed at a lower end of a bottom of the chamber.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the filler is fused magnesite, and the heater is an electric heater.
5. The apparatus for preparing hydrogen and graphite using liquid metal and natural gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material of the heat insulation plate a and the heat insulation plate B is ceramic fiber plate.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the baffle has a conical configuration.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the reactor contains a Cu-Bi alloy.
CN202210684387.1A 2022-06-17 2022-06-17 Equipment for preparing hydrogen and graphite by using liquid metal and natural gas Pending CN114852964A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116332129A (en) * 2023-03-15 2023-06-27 氢一科技(成都)有限公司 Green hydrogen preparation system and technology

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116332129A (en) * 2023-03-15 2023-06-27 氢一科技(成都)有限公司 Green hydrogen preparation system and technology
CN116332129B (en) * 2023-03-15 2024-04-26 氢一科技(成都)有限公司 Green hydrogen preparation system and technology

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