CN114850497A - Alternate forming printing method - Google Patents
Alternate forming printing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114850497A CN114850497A CN202210557770.0A CN202210557770A CN114850497A CN 114850497 A CN114850497 A CN 114850497A CN 202210557770 A CN202210557770 A CN 202210557770A CN 114850497 A CN114850497 A CN 114850497A
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- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-aminobutyric acid Chemical compound NCCCC(O)=O BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004881 precipitation hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/40—Structures for supporting workpieces or articles during manufacture and removed afterwards
- B22F10/47—Structures for supporting workpieces or articles during manufacture and removed afterwards characterised by structural features
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses an alternate forming printing method, which comprises the following steps: constructing a part model, and defining the part printing layered thickness as d; adding weak supports to the areas where the included angle between the tangent line of the part and the horizontal plane is less than 45 degrees; the part model is led into three-dimensional design software, inclined plate entity support is designed for the part model, then special software for selective laser melting and forming is led in, and weak support is added to a small-angle area; slicing the weak support, and defining the slice thickness of the weak support as t and the multiple of the slice thickness as N; slicing the inclined plate solid support, and defining the slice thickness of the inclined plate solid support as T and the multiple of the T as N; slicing the part, and defining that the slicing thickness is equal to the part printing layering thickness d; and (3) importing the file into special forming software for selective laser melting forming, sintering each layer of the file according to the layered thickness d of the part, and printing and forming layer by layer. The invention can reduce the data volume of the solid support and the weak support slice, save the system resource and improve the printing efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a 3D printing method, in particular to an alternative forming printing method.
Background
In the prior art, the selective laser melting forming technology, because of its technical characteristics such as powder is spread layer by layer, successive layer adds up, need add extra weak support to suspended structure or small-angle region, simultaneously in order to prevent that the part from warping, often need add the entity and support and control the shape, but the section that the entity supported and weak support, must occupy very big computer terminal equipment memory, when printing, printing apparatus computer terminal need continuous reading data and calculate, seriously influence printing efficiency, and entity support and weak support sintering mode are single, consume longer printing time.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an alternative forming printing method which can reduce the data volume of the solid support and the weak support slice, save the system resource and improve the printing efficiency, aiming at the defects of the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
An alternating formation printing method comprising the steps of: step S1, constructing a part model, and defining the part printing layered thickness as d; step S2, taking a plane on one side of the part model as a forming bottom surface, vertically forming along the height direction, and adding weak supports to the area where the included angle between the tangent line of the part and the horizontal plane is less than 45 degrees; step S3, importing the part model into three-dimensional design software, designing an inclined plate entity support for the part model, importing a file containing the part and the inclined plate entity support into special laser selective melting forming software, repairing a triangular surface sheet of the special laser selective melting forming software, and adding weak supports to small-angle areas; step S4, slicing the weak strut, defining the slice thickness of the weak strut as t, and if the multiple is N, t is equal to N × d, where N is (1/3, 1/4, 1/2, 1, 2, 3, 4); step S5, slicing the solid support of the inclined plate, defining the slice thickness of the solid support of the inclined plate as T, and if the multiple is N, T is N × d, where N is (1/4, 1/2, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6); step S6, slicing the part, and defining the slicing thickness to be equal to the part printing layering thickness d; and step S7, importing the files containing the weak support, the inclined plate solid support and the part slice into special forming software for selective laser melting forming, respectively setting sintering parameters, sintering each layer of the parts according to the layered thickness d of the parts, and printing and forming layer by layer.
Preferably, in step S3, the part and the sloping plate are physically supported and exported in the stl format, and the stl format file is imported into the special laser selective melting and forming software.
Preferably, the weak support is a block support, a cone support, a rib support or a bevel support.
Preferably, in step S4, the larger the slice thickness t, the smaller the slice data amount.
Preferably, in step S5, the larger the slice thickness T, the smaller the slice data amount.
Preferably, in step S7, interlayer sintering is provided for the weak support slice according to the layered thickness d of the part and the weak support slice t, where a coefficient i is defined, and if the sintered layer is defined as C, then C is d/t + id/t, where i is (1, 2, 3, 4).
Preferably, in step S7, interlayer sintering is provided for the sloping plate solid support slice according to the layered thickness d of the part and the solid support slice T, where the coefficient k is defined, and the sintered layer is defined as L, which is d/T + kd/T, where k is (1, 2, 3, 4).
Preferably, also include: and step S8, when sintering parameters are set, for the sloping plate entity support slice, the sintering parameters are optimized, the layered section of the sloping plate entity support slice along the height direction is subjected to line-by-line scanning by the laser beam along the snake-shaped scanning line.
Preferably, in step S8, a part slicing light spot compensation value B is defined, a tilted plate solid support slicing light spot compensation value-B is defined, and the tilted plate solid support is ensured to contact with the part arc plate by setting a positive value and a negative value of the light spot compensation value.
Preferably, the part is an arc-shaped plate.
Compared with the prior art, the alternating forming printing method has the advantages that after the weak support is sliced, the slice thickness and the multiple of the weak support are defined, and similarly, after the inclined plate entity support is sliced, the slice thickness and the multiple of the inclined plate entity support are smaller in slice data quantity due to the fact that the larger the slice thickness is, after the data are uploaded and stored, the 3D printing equipment can quickly recognize and calculate, so that the printing speed is higher, the 3D printing efficiency is greatly improved, system resources are saved, and the printing requirement is well met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an arcuate plate member;
FIG. 2 is a side view of an arcuate plate member;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an arcuate plate member with weak and solid supports added.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
The invention discloses an alternate forming printing method, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, constructing a part model, and defining the part printing layered thickness as d;
step S2, taking a plane on one side of the part model as a forming bottom surface, vertically forming along the height direction, and adding weak supports to the area where the included angle between the tangent line of the part and the horizontal plane is less than 45 degrees;
step S3, importing a part model into three-dimensional design software, designing an inclined plate entity support for the part model, importing a file containing the part and the inclined plate entity support into special laser selective melting forming software, repairing a triangular surface sheet of the special laser selective melting forming software, and adding weak support to a small-angle area;
step S4, slicing the weak strut, defining the slice thickness of the weak strut as t, and if the multiple is N, t is equal to N × d, where N is (1/3, 1/4, 1/2, 1, 2, 3, 4);
step S5, slicing the solid support of the inclined plate, defining the slice thickness of the solid support of the inclined plate as T, and if the multiple is N, T is N × d, where N is (1/4, 1/2, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6);
step S6, slicing the part, and defining the slicing thickness to be equal to the part printing layering thickness d;
and step S7, importing the files containing the weak support, the inclined plate solid support and the part slice into special forming software for selective laser melting forming, respectively setting sintering parameters, sintering each layer of the parts according to the layered thickness d of the parts, and printing and forming layer by layer.
In the method, after the weak support is sliced, the slice thickness and the multiple of the weak support are defined, and similarly, after the inclined plate entity support is sliced, the slice thickness and the multiple of the inclined plate entity support are smaller, and the slice data volume is smaller when the slice thickness is larger, so that after the data is uploaded and stored, the 3D printing equipment can quickly identify and calculate, the printing speed is higher, the 3D printing efficiency is greatly improved, the system resources are saved, and the printing requirement is better met.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, the parts and the swash plate are physically supported and exported in the stl format, and the stl format file is imported into the special software for selective laser melting and forming. Further, the weak support is a block support, a cone support, a rib support or a bevel support.
For the weak support and the tilted plate solid support, in the step S4 of the present invention, the larger the slice thickness t, the smaller the slice data amount. In step S5, the larger the slice thickness T, the smaller the slice data amount.
In order to further improve the weak support sintering efficiency, in the step S7 of the present invention, interlayer sintering is provided for the weak support slice according to the layered thickness d of the part and the weak support slice t, and a coefficient i is defined, where C is defined as d/t + id/t, where i is (1, 2, 3, 4).
In order to improve the solid support sintering efficiency, in step S7 of the present invention, interlayer sintering is provided for the tilted plate solid support slice according to the layering thickness d of the part and the solid support slice T, where the coefficient k is defined, and the sintering layer is defined as L, which is d/T + kd/T, where k is (1, 2, 3, 4).
The invention also includes: and step S8, when sintering parameters are set, for the sloping plate entity support slice, the sintering parameters are optimized, the layered section of the sloping plate entity support slice along the height direction is subjected to line-by-line scanning by the laser beam along the snake-shaped scanning line. Further, in the step S8, a part slicing light spot compensation value B is defined, a tilted plate entity support slicing light spot compensation value-B is defined, and the tilted plate entity support is ensured to contact with the part arc plate by setting a positive value and a negative value of the light spot compensation value.
The parts of the invention may be curved plates. Of course, other shaped profiled sheets are possible.
The first embodiment below is described more fully by taking an arc plate as an example and combining the technical solution of the present invention.
Example one
And 2, according to the selective laser melting forming principle, forming the parts in a layer-by-layer stacking mode, wherein the printing layered thickness of each part is defined as d, and the arrangement form of the arc-shaped plates is shown in fig. 2.
aiming at high-stress materials, such as titanium alloy, precipitation hardening stainless steel, aging steel, high-temperature alloy, stainless steel and the like, the technical characteristics of selective laser melting, rapid melting and solidification can generate larger stress, further cause product deformation, necessary solid support needs to be added for deformation control, for convenience of explanation, an inclined plate is added for supporting an arc plate, and the arc plate forming scheme is shown in figure 3: the arc-shaped plate 1, the weak support 2 and the solid support 3 form a complete structure.
And 4, importing the arc-shaped plate into three-dimensional design software, designing an inclined plate entity support according to the step 3, exporting the arc-shaped plate and the inclined plate entity support into an stl format, importing the stl format file into special laser selective melting forming software, and repairing a triangular surface sheet of the software. Weak supports, which may be block supports, pyramid supports, rib supports, angled supports, etc., are then added to the small-angle regions, with the effect shown in fig. 3.
And 5, slicing the weak support, and defining the slice thickness of the weak support as t and the multiple as N. Defining a formula: t is N × d. Wherein, N is 1/3; 1/4, respectively; 1/2, respectively; 1; 2; 3; 4. the larger the slice thickness t is, the smaller the slice data amount is, the data are uploaded and stored, the 3D printing equipment identifies and operates, the printing speed is higher, the efficiency is higher, and the slice thickness of the weak support is strictly forbidden to be defined as the minimum value of the slicing software.
And 6, slicing the solid support of the inclined plate, and defining the slice thickness T and the multiple N of the solid support of the inclined plate. Defining a formula: t ═ N × d. Wherein, N is 1/4; 1/2, respectively; 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6. the larger the slice thickness T is, the smaller the slice data amount is. Data upload, storage, 3D printing apparatus discernment, operation, printing speed is faster, and efficiency is higher. It should be noted that the slice thickness of the solid support is strictly defined as the minimum value that the software can slice.
And 7, slicing the arc-shaped plate, and defining that the slicing thickness is equal to the part layered printing thickness d. The accuracy of the numerical value needs to be ensured, otherwise, the outline of the product is easy to distort.
Step 8, guiding the weak support, the inclined plate solid support and the arc-shaped plate slice file into special forming software for selective laser melting forming, and respectively setting sintering parameters;
for the slicing of the arc-shaped plate part, according to the slicing thickness d, sintering each layer of the arc-shaped plate part, namely printing and forming layer by layer according to the layered thickness d along the height direction;
for the weak support slice, according to the layered printing thickness d of the part, and according to the weak support slice t, setting interlayer sintering, and defining a coefficient i; the sintered layer is defined as C, and the formula is defined as follows: c ═ d/t + id/t, where i ═ 1; 2; 3; 4. by setting the sintering layer, the weak support is sintered by a plurality of layers in the height direction. The number of sintering layers is greatly reduced, and the weak support sintering efficiency is remarkably improved;
for the inclined plate solid support slice, the thickness d is printed according to the layering of the part, and the interlayer sintering is arranged according to the solid support slice T. Defining a coefficient k; the sintered layer is defined as L. Defining a formula: l ═ d/T + kd/T, where k ═ 1; 2; 3; 4. through the setting of the sintering layer, the solid support is sintered by a plurality of layers at intervals in the height direction. Greatly reduces the number of sintering layers and obviously improves the solid support sintering efficiency.
And 9, in order to further reduce the forming time, when sintering parameters are set, slicing is carried out on the inclined plate entity support, the sintering parameters are optimized, the laser beam is scanned line by line along a snake-shaped scanning line on the layered section of the inclined plate entity support along the height direction, the outline is not distinguished, the upper surface, the lower surface and the core area are defined as the core area, the scanning is carried out according to the snake-shaped scanning line, the scanning time of the laser beam for scanning the upper surface, the lower surface and the outline can be greatly reduced, and the scanning efficiency is obviously improved.
Step 10, considering that after the inclined plate solid support slice is set to be a non-sintered contour, the upper surface and the lower surface, the edge of the inclined plate slice may be separated from the slice of the arc-shaped plate part, so that the inclined plate cannot play an effective shape control effect, a slice light spot compensation value B of the arc-shaped plate part is defined, a slice light spot compensation value of the inclined plate solid support slice is defined to be-B, and the inclined plate solid support is ensured to be in contact with the arc-shaped plate part through the setting of the positive value and the negative value of the light spot compensation value.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements made within the technical scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An alternating formation printing method, comprising the steps of:
step S1, constructing a part model, and defining the part printing layered thickness as d;
step S2, taking a plane on one side of the part model as a forming bottom surface, vertically forming along the height direction, and adding weak supports to the area where the included angle between the tangent line of the part and the horizontal plane is less than 45 degrees;
step S3, importing a part model into three-dimensional design software, designing an inclined plate entity support for the part model, importing a file containing the part and the inclined plate entity support into special laser selective melting forming software, repairing a triangular surface sheet of the special laser selective melting forming software, and adding weak support to a small-angle area;
step S4, slicing the weak strut, defining the slice thickness of the weak strut as t, and if the multiple is N, t is equal to N × d, where N is (1/3, 1/4, 1/2, 1, 2, 3, 4);
step S5, slicing the solid support of the inclined plate, defining the slice thickness of the solid support of the inclined plate as T, and if the multiple is N, T is N × d, where N is (1/4, 1/2, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6);
step S6, slicing the part, and defining the slicing thickness to be equal to the part printing layering thickness d;
and step S7, importing the files containing the weak support, the inclined plate solid support and the part slice into special forming software for selective laser melting forming, respectively setting sintering parameters, sintering each layer of the parts according to the layered thickness d of the parts, and printing and forming layer by layer.
2. The alternating formation printing method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the parts and the swash plate physical support are exported to the stl format, and the stl format file is imported to the special selective laser melting formation software.
3. The alternating formation printing method of claim 2, wherein the weak support is a block support, a cone support, a rib support, or an angled support.
4. The alternating form printing method as set forth in claim 1, wherein in said step S4, the larger the slice thickness t, the smaller the slice data amount.
5. The alternating form printing method as set forth in claim 1, wherein in said step S5, the larger the slice thickness T, the smaller the slice data amount.
6. The alternating printing method according to claim 1, wherein in step S7, interlayer sintering is set for the weak support section according to the layered thickness d of the part and the weak support section t, and a factor i is defined, wherein the sintering layer is defined as C, and has a value of C ═ d/t + id/t, where i ═ is (1, 2, 3, 4).
7. The alternating printing method according to claim 1, wherein in step S7, interlayer sintering is provided for the inclined plate solid support slices according to the layered thickness d of the part and the solid support slices T, and a coefficient k is defined, where the sintered layer is defined as L, i.e., L ═ d/T + kd/T, where k ═ (1, 2, 3, 4).
8. The alternating form printing method of claim 1 further comprising:
and step S8, when sintering parameters are set, for the sloping plate entity support slice, the sintering parameters are optimized, the layered section of the sloping plate entity support slice along the height direction is subjected to line-by-line scanning by the laser beam along the snake-shaped scanning line.
9. The alternating printing method of claim 8 wherein in step S8, a part slice flare compensation value B is defined, a tilted plate physical support slice flare compensation value-B is defined, and the tilted plate physical support is ensured to contact the part arc by setting the flare compensation value to positive and negative values.
10. The alternating formation printing method of claim 1, wherein the features are arcuate plates.
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| CN202210557770.0A CN114850497A (en) | 2022-05-19 | 2022-05-19 | Alternate forming printing method |
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