CN114848885B - 一种兼具减少瘢痕增生及镇痛功能的医用纤维制备方法 - Google Patents
一种兼具减少瘢痕增生及镇痛功能的医用纤维制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种兼具减少瘢痕增生及镇痛功能的医用纤维制备方法,将重组人表皮生长因子共价结合至透明质酸分子之上得到复合物rhEGF‑HA,并以此制备凝胶作为静电纺丝外液,同时以聚乳酸包裹罗哌卡因的溶液为静电纺丝内液,以同轴静电纺丝的手段制备了兼具镇痛及瘢痕修复功效的芯‑壳型静电纺丝纤维。其中,静电纺丝纤维的成分包括:同轴静电纺丝外液,含明胶5%~10%,透明质酸0.5%~3.5%,rhEGF‑HA 0.01%~0.2%,余量为三氟乙醇和水的混合溶剂。本发明在实现局部麻醉剂缓释镇痛的功能同时对患者伤口实施早期修复,最大限度的降低患者痛苦,改善术后疼痛并加快伤口愈合,减轻皮肤瘢痕增生,本发明可用于医用缝合线,手术敷料,医用绷带,填塞纤维等医疗产品的制造。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物医学材料技术领域,具体涉及一种兼具减少瘢痕增生及镇痛功能的医用纤维制备方法。
背景技术
术后疼痛是手术后立即发生的急性疼痛,通常可持续3天至一周。术后疼痛管理不到位将有可能增加患者氧耗量,加重心脏负荷,降低术后肺功能,减少胃肠蠕动,延缓胃肠功能恢复,干扰激素水平并导致一系列的心理问题。因此良好的镇痛措施在手术患者的术后管理中起着至关重要的作用。
手术创伤的分解代谢、合成代谢及愈合畸变会导致创伤愈合过程中形成皮肤瘢痕。瘢痕不仅影响患者创伤处皮肤美观,更重要的是会产生刺痛、瘙痒等临床症状。因此,积极有效的防治措施有助于促进病变组织好转, 早期临床介入将有助于加快伤口愈合,减轻皮肤瘢痕。
目前尚无文献报道在术后早期同时实施创伤镇痛及瘢痕修复的生物医学材料。
包括盐酸罗哌卡因,布比卡因等在内的酰胺类药物是临床上最为重要的局部麻醉药,广泛应用于麻醉及镇痛治疗。这类药物特异性地作用于钠离子通道受体,通过阻断钠离子内流,干扰和阻滞神经冲动的传导,抑制神经递质释放,起到镇痛及麻醉的双重作用。相较布比卡因而言,罗哌卡因比对心血管及中枢神经毒性更低,更加适用于术后疼痛管理。
重组人表皮生长因子是一种与人体内内源性表皮生长因子结构,以及生物学活性高度一致的人工合成多肽,对内源性表皮生长因子的表达具有促进作用,有利于新鲜血管的生成,可促进创面修复中羟核酸、蛋白质与羟脯氨酸合成 达到促进损伤创面快速愈合的目的的同时,也能够起到创面重塑,减少瘢痕发生的效果。
透明质酸及其钠盐(透明质酸钠)是人和动物的皮肤、关节滑液和软骨组织的重要组成成分。透明质酸具有良好的生物相容性,高纯度的医用级透明质酸注射剂可用于眼科手术、骨科手术、预防术后粘连、治疗骨性关节炎等方面。此外,透明质酸还具有改善肌肤、减少皱纹、延缓皮肤衰老等功效。在缝合线及手术敷料中引入透明质酸复合物,将有利于预防术后粘连,促进伤口愈合。
静电纺丝技术是近年来制备纳米纤维的一项新兴技术。静电纺丝纤维具有较高的孔隙率,易于表面功能化等特点,被广泛应用于环境工程、催化材料、生物医学工程、电子器件等方面。同轴静电纺丝是在静电纺丝基础上发展而来的新技术,通过将原有的单通道静电纺丝头改为同心圆结构,将芯层和壳层纺丝液分别置于不同的容器中进行推注纺丝,可以获得芯壳结构纤维。同轴静电纺丝法丰富了纺丝液的种类,提升了纤维的均匀性和连续性,进一步拓宽了静电纺丝纤维的应用领域。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供了一种兼具减少瘢痕增生及镇痛功能的医用纤维制备方法,克服了现有技术的不足,在实现局部麻醉剂缓释镇痛的功能同时对患者伤口实施早期修复,最大限度的降低患者痛苦,改善术后疼痛并加快伤口愈合,减轻皮肤瘢痕增生。
为实现以上目的,本发明通过以下技术方案予以实现:
一种兼具减少瘢痕增生及镇痛功能的医用纤维制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤S1:制备重组人表皮生长因子透明质酸复合物,将重组人表皮生长因子、1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐和N-羟基丁二酰亚胺溶于pH 6.00的磷酸缓冲溶液中,超声活化后加入氨基透明质酸,室温下置于摇床中振荡18-30h,透析后,冻干备用;
步骤S2:制备同轴静电纺丝外液,将制备好的重组人表皮生长因子透明质酸复合物溶于水,将明胶和透明质酸溶于三氟乙醇和水的混合溶剂,分别超声至全溶;搅拌下,将重组人表皮生长因子透明质酸复合物的水溶液缓慢倒入明胶和透明质酸的混合溶液中,充分搅拌后超声20-40min;
步骤S3:制备同轴静电纺丝内液,将盐酸罗哌卡因溶于水,加入少许碳酸氢钠溶液调节至pH7~8,待固体析出,抽滤,真空干燥得罗哌卡因。称取罗哌卡因溶于二氯甲烷,加入聚乳酸,超声2-4h,确保全溶并除去气泡;
步骤S4:将纺丝外液和纺丝内液分别装入不同的注射器内,并分别连接同轴喷嘴内外容器口,设定工作电压,内外流速后开始纺丝;
步骤S5:将所制得纤维真空干燥后冷藏备用。
优选地,步骤S2中,所述同轴静电纺丝外液包含以下组分(质量百分数):
明胶 5%-10%;
透明质酸 0.5%-3.5%;
重组人表皮生长因子透明质酸复合物 0.01%-0.2%;
三氟乙醇和水的混合溶剂 余量。
优选地,步骤S2中,所述同轴静电纺丝外液包含以下组分(质量百分数):
明胶 8%;
透明质酸 2%;
重组人表皮生长因子透明质酸复合物 0.05%;
三氟乙醇和水的混合溶剂 余量。
优选地,步骤S3中,所述同轴静电纺丝内液包含以下组分(质量百分数):
聚乳酸 5%-30%;
罗哌卡因 0.3%-3%;
二氯甲烷 余量。
优选地,步骤S3中,所述同轴静电纺丝内液包含以下组分(质量百分数):
聚乳酸 15%;
罗哌卡因 0.8%;
二氯甲烷 余量。
优选地,步骤S4中的纺丝条件为:工作电压18kV,距离15cm,推进速度0.82ml/h,温度25℃,湿度40%。
本发明提供了一种兼具减少瘢痕增生及镇痛功能的医用纤维制备方法。具备以下有益效果:本发明以一种简单快捷的方式同时将局部麻醉药和瘢痕修复剂重组人表皮生长因子及透明质酸负载于可降解的医用生物材料之上,兼具镇痛和瘢痕修复的双重功效。这种载药纤维具有足够的物理强度,良好的均一性和连续性;将镇痛药物包裹在可生物降解的聚乳酸芯层内,既可以增加药物的稳定性,又可以大大延长药物的作用时间,产生持续且稳定的镇痛作用,有效降低给药次数和给药剂量;同时,壳层负载的重组人表皮生长因子可以在伤口愈合初期的促进损伤创面快速愈合,改善创面重塑,减少瘢痕发生的效果;而透明质酸钠的引入无疑在降低伤口粘连,促进伤口愈合方面具有一定意义。本发明可用于医用缝合线,手术敷料,医用绷带,填塞纤维等医疗产品的制造。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。
图1 为本发明兼具减少瘢痕增生及镇痛功能的医用纤维的制备原理图;
图2 为本发明实施例二中罗哌卡因累积释放度曲线图;
图3 为本发明实施例三中静电纺丝纤维的麻醉镇痛实验结果图;
图4 为本发明实施例四创伤修复实验中SD大鼠的伤口愈合程度效果图例;
图5 为本发明实施例四创伤修复实验中SD大鼠的伤口愈合率计算图(实验组愈合率显著高于对照组,p<0.05)。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明中的附图,对本发明中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
实施例一
如图1所示,一种兼具减少瘢痕增生及镇痛功能的医用纤维制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤S1:称取重组人表皮生长因子(以下简称rhEGF)10mg(1.60 nmol),溶于2.0mlpH 6.00的磷酸缓冲溶液中,加入15mg(0.08μmol)的1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐(以下简称EDC),和9.2mg(0.08μmol)的N-羟基丁二酰亚胺(以下简称NHS)于上述溶液,超声10分钟,后加入40mg(0.8 nmol)的HA-NH2,室温下置于摇床中振荡24h,以3Kd透析袋透析12h,冻干备用。
步骤S2:将0.40g明胶和0.10g透明质酸溶于2.25g水和2.25g三氟乙醇组成的混合溶剂中,超声至全溶,加入25 mg 步骤S1制备得到的重组人表皮生长因子透明质酸复合物(以下简称rhEGF-HA),充分振荡后,超声15min。
步骤S3:将1.0g盐酸罗哌卡因溶于水,加入少许碳酸氢钠溶液调节至pH7-8,待固体析出,抽滤,真空干燥过夜,得罗哌卡因。称取0.040g罗哌卡因溶于4.20g二氯甲烷,加入0.75g聚乳酸,超声3h,确保全溶并除去气泡。
步骤S4:将纺丝外液和纺丝内液分别装入不同的注射器内,并分别连接同轴喷嘴内外容器口,设定工作电压,内外流速后开始纺丝。纺丝条件设为:工作电压18 kV,距离15cm,推进速度0.82 ml/h,温度25℃,湿度40%。
步骤S5:将所制得纤维真空干燥后冷藏备用。
在本实施例中,也可将罗哌卡因替换为其他的麻醉药物,如布比卡因等,重组人表皮生长因子也可以替换为其他减少疤痕的药物,如积雪草总苷等。
实施例二
将实施例一所制得的医用纤维进行体外释药行为考察:
精密称取50mg实施例一所制得的医用纤维,放入离心管中,加入pH=7.40的PBS缓冲溶液(0.1 mol/L)为释放介质,振荡平衡,将离心管置于37℃,震荡频率为100 rpm的振荡摇床上,平行操作3份。在预设时间点吸取溶出介质,并加入同体积释放介质,用紫外-可见分光光度计测定罗哌卡因的药物释放浓度,并计算累计释放度,结果如图2。由图2可见,罗哌卡因呈现稳定而持续的药物释放,直到72小时才到达药物释放峰值,展现了良好的缓释性能。
实施例三
将实施例一所制得的医用纤维进行麻醉镇痛实验:
选择体重300-350g成年雄性大鼠,麻醉后在右侧背部切开1厘米左右的切口,植入纺丝纤维并缝合伤口。对植入实施例一所制得的医用纤维的大鼠进行夹持试验,以确定药物镇痛效果。具体是指在整个切口周围1厘米半径范围内的六个不同位置施加短暂的挤压,并记录动物对每次刺激的反应。正常情况下对刺激的反应为在刺激点肌肉组织的退缩反应或反射性收缩,而阴性反应被视为没有退缩或肌肉收缩。反应的得分是动物对刺激做出反应次数占刺激总次数的百分比。分别于术后一周内每天进行一次,结果见图3。由图3可见,从第一天起动物对刺激的响应开始下降,证明麻醉作用开始显现,至第三天达到峰值,其后麻醉作用逐渐减弱并消退。
实施例四
将实施例一所制得的医用纤维进行创伤修复实验:
称取100mg实施例一所制得的医用纤维,剪成小段放入离心管中,加入pH=7.40的PBS缓冲溶液(0.1 mol/L),振荡平衡,将离心管置于37℃,震荡频率为100 rpm的振荡摇床上,充分溶解后,吸取溶出介质实验组备用,对照组为pH=7.40的PBS缓冲溶液(0.1 mol/L)。选择体重300-350g成年SD雄性大鼠, 然后将热的圆形金属棒(直径为10mm)与背部皮肤持续2 s。伤口区域用聚维酮碘消毒。1天后,将伤口周围的死皮切除干净。将预留溶出介质,涂在无菌处理实验组小鼠的伤口上,对照组小鼠伤口涂抹PBS缓冲液。处理如图4中,愈合第0天,第10天,确定伤口愈合程度,测量面积伤口的长度(image J软件测量长度乘以宽度,cm2)。图5伤口愈合率计算为伤口面积(d0天)-伤口面积(d10天)/伤口面积(d0天)。
通过上述实施例可以看出,本发明将重组人表皮生长因子共价结合至透明质酸分子之上,并以此制备凝胶作为静电纺丝外液,同时以聚乳酸包裹罗哌卡因的溶液为静电纺丝内液,以同轴静电纺丝的手段制备了兼具镇痛及瘢痕修复功效的芯-壳型静电纺丝纤维,在实现局部麻醉剂缓释镇痛的功能同时对患者伤口实施早期修复,最大限度的降低患者痛苦,改善术后疼痛并加快伤口愈合,减轻皮肤瘢痕增生。并且本材料可用于医用缝合线,手术敷料及医用绷带等相关临床器材的制造。
同时以一种简单快捷的方式同时将局部麻醉药和瘢痕修复剂重组人表皮生长因子及透明质酸负载于可降解的医用生物材料之上,兼具镇痛和瘢痕修复的双重功效。这种载药纤维具有足够的物理强度,良好的均一性和连续性;将镇痛药物包裹在可生物降解的聚乳酸芯层内,既可以增加药物的稳定性,又可以大大延长药物的作用时间,产生持续且稳定的镇痛作用,有效降低给药次数和给药剂量;同时,壳层负载的重组人表皮生长因子可以在伤口愈合初期的促进损伤创面快速愈合,改善创面重塑,减少瘢痕发生的效果;而透明质酸钠的引入无疑在降低伤口粘连,促进伤口愈合方面具有一定意义。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种兼具减少瘢痕增生及镇痛功能的医用纤维制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤S1:制备重组人表皮生长因子透明质酸复合物,将重组人表皮生长因子、1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐和N-羟基丁二酰亚胺溶于pH 6.00的磷酸缓冲溶液中,超声活化后加入氨基透明质酸,室温下置于摇床中振荡18-30h,透析后,冻干备用;
步骤S2:制备同轴静电纺丝外液,将制备好的重组人表皮生长因子透明质酸复合物溶于水,将明胶和透明质酸溶于三氟乙醇和水的混合溶剂,分别超声至全溶;搅拌下,将重组人表皮生长因子透明质酸复合物的水溶液缓慢倒入明胶和透明质酸的混合溶液中,充分搅拌后超声20-40min;
步骤S3:制备同轴静电纺丝内液,将盐酸罗哌卡因溶于水,加入少许碳酸氢钠溶液调节至pH7-8,待固体析出,抽滤,真空干燥得罗哌卡因,称取罗哌卡因溶于二氯甲烷,加入聚乳酸,超声2-4h,确保全溶并除去气泡;
步骤S4:将纺丝外液和纺丝内液分别装入不同的注射器内,并分别连接同轴喷嘴内外容器口,设定工作电压,内外流速后开始纺丝;
步骤S5:将所制得纤维真空干燥后冷藏备用。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种兼具减少瘢痕增生及镇痛功能的医用纤维制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S2中,所述同轴静电纺丝外液包含以下组分,以下组分按质量百分数计:
明胶 5%-10%;
透明质酸 0.5%-3.5%;
重组人表皮生长因子透明质酸复合物 0.01%-0.2%;
三氟乙醇和水的混合溶剂余量。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种兼具减少瘢痕增生及镇痛功能的医用纤维制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S2中,所述同轴静电纺丝外液包含以下组分,以下组分按质量百分数计:
明胶 8%;
透明质酸 2%;
重组人表皮生长因子透明质酸复合物 0.05%;
三氟乙醇和水的混合溶剂 余量。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种兼具减少瘢痕增生及镇痛功能的医用纤维制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S3中,所述同轴静电纺丝内液包含以下组分,以下组分按质量百分数计:
聚乳酸 5%-30%;
罗哌卡因 0.3%-3%;
二氯甲烷 余量。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种兼具减少瘢痕增生及镇痛功能的医用纤维制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S3中,所述同轴静电纺丝内液包含以下组分,以下组分按质量百分数计:
聚乳酸 15%;
罗哌卡因 0.8%;
二氯甲烷 余量。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种兼具减少瘢痕增生及镇痛功能的医用纤维制备方法,其特征在于:步骤S4中的纺丝条件为:工作电压18kV,距离15cm,推进速度0.82ml/h,温度25℃,湿度40%。
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