CN114847285A

CN114847285A - Whitefly attractant and controlled release system and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114847285A
Application number: CN202110150690.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 全金成; 高爱华; 江一红; 门友均; 黄金盟; 彭博; 曾波; 管卫东
Original assignee: Guangxi Academy Of Specialty Crops; Jiangsu Fengyu Biotechnology Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangxi Academy Of Specialty Crops; Jiangsu Fengyu Biotechnology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-02-03
Filing date: 2021-02-03
Publication date: 2022-08-05
Anticipated expiration: 2041-02-03
Also published as: CN114847285B

Abstract

The invention provides a whitefly attractant, a controlled release system and application thereof. The invention discloses the application of Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate as a whitefly attractant for the first time, can be used for attracting whiteflies, has obvious attracting effect, can accurately attract and kill the whiteflies, reduces the field population number, and can be used for controlling the whiteflies, monitoring insect pest situations and the like. The invention has no harm to beneficial insects, human and livestock, crops and natural enemies, has no resistance to target pests, and has the advantages of naturalness, environmental protection and the like.

Description

Whitefly attractant and controlled release system and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of crop pest control, in particular to a whitefly attractant, a controlled release system and application thereof.

Background

The pests of the aleyrodidae family include whitefly, silverwhitefly, bemisia tabaci, whitefly, citrus whitefly, silverleaf whitefly, cotton whitefly and the like, which are main pests for vegetables. According to statistics and comparison of records of the damage of the whiteflies in the last 20 years, the whiteflies are found to cause serious damage to crops in China. Taking whitefly as an example, the white fly has large harmful area and wide harmful range. In particular, the trialeurodes vaporariorum is also commonly called as a whitefly, is a worldwide pest, occurs in China, secretes a large amount of honeydew on the back of plant leaves to cause the fungi to propagate in large quantities, not only affects the normal respiration and photosynthesis of plants, but also can cause diseases such as soot disease and the like to affect the commodity value of the plants. The host range is wide, cucumbers, tomatoes, peppers and the like in vegetables can be damaged by the host, and 112 families 653 plants such as flowers, fruit trees, medicinal materials and the like can be damaged. People usually control whitefly pests by frequently using chemical insecticides to reduce their damage to plants such as vegetables. However, chemical pesticides are generally harmful to humans, and frequent application to vegetables can result in residues that, if too much, can affect the health of the human being eating the vegetables. Furthermore, whitefly pests have a short life cycle and, as a result, they are able to rapidly develop resistance to chemical pesticides, which have a limited effect on controlling such pests. The common chemical insecticides for whiteflies in the market at present comprise sulfoxaflor, spirotetramat, pyridaben and the like, the chemical insecticides are used for 1-2 times in one season on vegetables, but chemical pesticide residues are easily generated, and if the chemical insecticides are frequently used, pests can quickly generate insecticide resistance, so that the pests are difficult to effectively control.

Based on this, there is an urgent need for an attractant or an attracting method or an attracting device capable of controlling whiteflies instead of the aforementioned chemical insecticides, in order to reduce the damage thereof to crops such as vegetables.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a whitefly attractant, a controlled release system and application thereof.

The inventor finds that an unusual flower volatile, Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoic acid salt, has strong attraction effect on whiteflies and can be used as a whitefly attractant in long-term research on a series of volatile natural compounds.

The structure of Z, 3 Hexenyl Z, 3 Hexenoate (Z, 3 Hexenyl Z, 3 Hexenoate) is as follows:

according to one aspect of the invention, the invention provides any one of the following uses of Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate:

1) as a whitefly attractant;

2) is used for attracting whiteflies.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a controlled release system for Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate salt selected from any one of the following:

a controlled release device containing Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoic acid salt;

② a controlled-release device filled with Z, 3-hexenyl-Z, 3-hexenoate and oil mixture, and

the controlled release system is used for attracting whiteflies.

Preferably, the controlled release device containing the Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate or the controlled release device containing the Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate and oil mixture is any one of the following: controlled release bag, controlled release tube, controlled release capsule or controlled release bottle.

Preferably, the material of the controlled release bag, the controlled release tube, the controlled release capsule or the controlled release bottle is selected from at least one of the following materials: polyvinyl chloride, low-density polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate, thermoplastic polyurethane, polyethylene terephthalate and wood chips.

Preferably, the controlled release system is obtained by mixing Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate and oil according to the weight ratio of 1: 99-1: 4, and then filling the mixture into a controlled release bag, a controlled release tube, a controlled release capsule or a controlled release bottle.

Preferably, the oil is selected from at least one of the following: mineral oil, corn oil, palm oil, olive oil, castor oil.

Preferably, the weight ratio of Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate to oil is 1: 9 or 1: 19 or 1: 24 or 1: 49.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the invention provides the use of the controlled release system in a trap for crop pests, said crop pests being whiteflies.

According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for controlling whiteflies, comprising: and placing the controlled release system in an insect trapping device, placing the controlled release system in a field, inducing the whiteflies to gather and intensively killing the whiteflies.

Preferably, the trapping device comprises: pest sticking plates, traps and pest killing lamps.

According to the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention discloses the application of Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate as a whitefly attractant for the first time. Particularly, the Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoic acid salt has an attracting characteristic to the whiteflies in the field, and has a remarkable attracting effect, so that the whiteflies can be accurately attracted and killed, the field population quantity is reduced, and the method can be used for controlling the whiteflies, monitoring the insect situations and the like. The invention has no harm to beneficial insects, human and livestock, crops and natural enemies, has no resistance to target pests, and has the advantages of naturalness, environmental protection and the like.

Detailed Description

The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise indicated, the technical means used in the following examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art, and the starting materials used in the tests are all commercially available.

The Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate salts used in the examples below were purchased from the shanghai meirell chemical technology co.

Example 1 attractive Effect of Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoic acid salt on Bemisia alba

In this example, yellow armyworm plates were selected as a means for screening a series of candidate trialeurodes vaporariorum attractant compounds. Candidate attractant compounds are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 candidate attractant Compounds

Z, 3 vinyl alcohol
	Z, 3 hexenyl acetate
Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoic acid salt
	Alpha-ionones
Beta-ionones
	Salicylic acid methyl ester
Nonanal
	D-limonene

1. The test compounds in Table 1 were used as attractants, respectively, mixed with any one of oils, for example, mineral oil or vegetable oil, such as corn oil, etc., respectively, in a weight ratio of 1: 4, and then heat-sealed in PVC (polyvinyl chloride) tubes. The PVC tube has an inner diameter of 2 mm, a length of 50 mm and a wall thickness of 0.5 mm, and an actual fillable volume in the tube after heat sealing both ends is about 125 μ l, i.e., a capacity of about 107 mg. For simplicity, mineral oil, which is available from Zhejiang Zhengxin Petroleum technology, Inc., will be described here and hereinafter. The control was the same PVC pipe with only the same amount of mineral oil. That is, the amount of the mixed solution in the PVC tube for test was about 107 mg, the amount of the candidate compound was about 20 mg, and the amount of the mineral oil in the control PVC tube was about 107 mg.

The PVC pipe was suspended in a hole in the center of a yellow insect-sticking plate with double-sided adhesive so that half of the PVC pipe was on each side. As mentioned above, the oil used may be other than mineral oil, and may be, for example, corn oil, palm oil, olive oil, castor oil, or the like.

The first screening test was conducted in a greenhouse in Kunming, 6 months, and the yellow sticky trap coated with the PVC pipe lure for the test and the yellow sticky trap coated with the PVC pipe lure for the control were distributed along the lettuce ridge at intervals of 2 m, respectively. Each treatment was repeated 5 times and averaged. After 7 days, checking whether trialeurodes vaporariorum exists in the lettuce ridges, and the result is shown in table 2.

TABLE 2 preliminary attraction test results for attractant candidate compound for yellow armyworm plate

Treatment of	Whitefly/one-sheet sticky trap (only)
		Control	16.2
Z, 3 vinyl alcohol	15.8
		Z, 3 hexenyl acetate	14.8
Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoic acid salt	133.8
		Alpha-ionones	12.4
Beta-ionones	11.2
		Salicylic acid methyl ester	8.8
Nonanal	14.0
		D-limonene	11.6

The test results in table 2 above show that Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate has a higher attraction to whitefly, with an average of 133.8 sticks per plate. And compared with the control, Z, 3 hexenol, Z, 3 hexenyl acetate, D-ionone, beta-ionone, methyl salicylate, nonanal and D-limonene have basically no influence.

Further, in addition to the PVC pipe, a controlled release device made of Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), wood chips, and the like may be used. For the sake of simplicity, PVC pipes are mostly used as examples in the following description.

2. The concentration range of Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate was tested in the design of the previous experiment.

The solution obtained by mixing the salt of Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoic acid with mineral oil in a weight ratio of 1: 99 was heat-sealed in a PVC tube having an internal diameter of 2 mm, a length of 50 mm and a wall thickness of 0.5 mm and a volume of about 125. mu.l, i.e., a volume of about 107 mg in the tube after heat-sealing. Each PVC pipe was filled with the mixed solution. Thus, the content of Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate was about 1.07 mg. The control was an equivalent PVC pipe filled with mineral oil, i.e., 107 mg mineral oil.

The test is carried out in a greenhouse in Kunming place in 6 months, the yellow sticky trap with the PVC pipe attracting cores and the yellow sticky trap with the contrast PVC pipe attracting cores are respectively distributed along the lettuce ridge at intervals of 2 meters, and the interval between the treatment and the contrast is at least more than 30 meters. Each treatment was repeated 5 times and averaged. And after 7 days, the attraction effect of the lettuce ridges on the trialeurodes vaporariorum is checked. The results are shown in Table 3.

TABLE 3 test of the attractant effect of low concentration of Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate attractant on Bemisia alba using yellow armyworm plates

As can be seen from table 3, the treated group trapped 55.8 compared to 12.4 of the control group, and it can be seen that the low concentration of Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate attractant also had a significant attracting effect on whitefly compared to the control.

In addition, the inventor team also experimented with the addition of Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate to mineral oil in weight ratios of 1: 49, 1: 24, 1: 19; the results are similar to those in Table 3 in the case of 1: 9, indicating that each concentration can exert a strong attraction effect on the trialeurodes vaporariorum. Specifically, the experimental design was similar to that described above, and all of them were obtained by mixing Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoic acid salt with mineral oil in a weight ratio of 1: 49, 1: 24, 1: 19, 1: 9, respectively, and the mixed solution was heat-sealed in a PVC tube having an inner diameter of 2 mm, a tube length of 50 mm, a wall thickness of 0.5 mm, and a volume of about 125. mu.l in the tube, that is, a volume of about 107 mg in the tube after heat-sealing. Each PVC pipe was filled with the mixed solution. Thus, the content of Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate was about 2.14 mg, 4.28 mg, 5.35 mg, 10.7 mg, respectively. The control was an equivalent PVC pipe filled with mineral oil, i.e., 107 mg mineral oil. Other test conditions and designs were also similar to those described above and the results are shown in Table 4.

TABLE 4 attraction effect of different concentrations of Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate attractant on Bemisia alba

The test results in table 4 above show that different weight ratios all have an attracting effect to trialeurodes vaporariorum, and are also all significantly better than the control.

The persistence of Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate through PVC pipe controlled release device.

The team of the inventors has further studied the release rate of Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate by PVC pipe controlled release device, thus demonstrating its persistence.

20 PVC tubes containing 1000 mg of Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate per PVC tube were exposed to room temperature and weighed to the nearest 0.1 mg every other week over 71 days, averaged and the release data shown in Table 5.

TABLE 5 cumulative release of Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate in PVC controlled release device (1000 mg, Room temperature)

Time/day of exposure	Release amount/mg
		7	119.3
15	263.5
		22	393.2
27	498.0
		42	599.7
62	766.1
		71	948.3

The results of the above experiments in Table 5 show that Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate is only consumed in about 71 days. Therefore, the slow-release attractant can be used together with a PVC controlled-release device, has a long-acting slow-release function, and can be used as a long-acting slow-release attractant.

In addition, the inventor team also studied the release rate of the controlled release device such as controlled release capsule, controlled release tube, controlled release bottle, controlled release bag made of materials such as Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in addition to PVC material, and all of the results showed that Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate has a long-lasting effect when it is released through these controlled release devices. The test design is similar to that of the PVC controlled release device, except that the controlled release pipes are respectively made of low-density polyethylene (LDPE), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). 20 tubes of each material, each containing 1000 mg of Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate, were exposed to room temperature and the wall thickness of the tubes was 0.5 mm, and weighed to 0.1 mg every other week over 70 days, averaged, and the release data shown in table 6 below.

TABLE 6 cumulative release of Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate in controlled release devices made of different materials (1000 mg, Room temperature)

Time/day of exposure	LDPE Release amount/mg	EVA Release amount/mg	TPU Release amount/mg	PET Release amount/mg
					7	89.5	156.4	225.9	69.5
14	159.1	322.8	468.4	134.8
					21	268.4	496.1	725.9	218.5
28	342.9	651.1	965.4	299.1
					35	419.2	800.5	1000.0	369.4
42	500.1	948.6	-	461.8
					49	591.3	1000.0	-	519.8
56	668.0	-	-	612.8
					63	759.2	-	-	697.2
70	843.6	-	-	761.7

From the test results in table 6, it can be seen that the cumulative release time of the controlled release device made of LDPE and PET materials to 1000 mg of Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoic acid salt exceeds 70 days, the release time of the controlled release device made of EVA material can reach 49 days, and the release time of the controlled release device made of TPU material can reach 35 days. Therefore, the controlled release device made of the materials can realize the sustained release of the Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoic acid salt.

4. The effect of Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate was tested in the field (greenhouse).

In the treatment zone, 1000 mg of Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate, respectively, were heat sealed in 100 controlled PVC releases. Then, 100 PVC pipe releasing devices were placed on two rows of tomato plants, 50 each. Each PVC pipe control and release device is placed on a yellow pest sticking plate, namely a pest sticking plate for treatment, and then is stuck on a thin bamboo pole, wherein the height of the bamboo pole is 1 m, and the distance from the ground is 50 cm. Tomato plants are approximately 100 cm high.

In the control area, two additional rows of tomatoes with the same growth vigor and nutrient conditions as the treatment area are used as controls in the same greenhouse at least 20 m away from the treatment area. Another 100 identical PVC tubes were placed in a release device, and 1000 mg of mineral oil were heat sealed therein. Control 100 PVC tubes were placed on two rows of 50 tomato plants in the control zone, respectively. Each PVC control releasing device is placed on a yellow pest sticking plate, also called a contrast pest sticking plate, and then is stuck on a thin bamboo pole, wherein the height of the bamboo pole is 1 m, and the distance from the ground is 50 cm. Tomato plants are approximately 100 cm high.

At this time, the population of trialeurodes vaporariorum in the crop was low during the placement of the PVC pipe controlled release device heat sealed with 1000 mg of Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate.

To determine the effectiveness of the treatment, the number of whiteflies was monitored using 5 yellow sticky double-sided sticky mythimna plates per row of tomatoes in each treatment zone and per row of tomatoes in the control zone, referred to as treatment monitoring mythimna plates; the yellow mythimna separata plate of the control zone is called control monitoring mythimna separata plate. That is, both the treatment and control zones are monitored in the same manner. The quantity of the insects on the 5 treatment monitoring mythimna separata plates and the 5 control monitoring mythimna separata plates were counted on days 0, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 of the treatment, and averaged, and the results are shown in table 7.

Table 7 average pest population on monitoring armyworm panels of PVC pipe controlled release devices containing Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate on greenhouse tomato crops field trials-control and treatment zones

From the above table 7 it can be derived that Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate as an attractant ingredient, which in a controlled release device can act as an attractant for trialeurodes vaporariorum in vegetable crops. It is shown that the effect was effective for at least 28 days after the application of the drug, i.e., the reason why the number of the treatment monitoring sticky-insects was small was that most of the trialeurodes vaporariorum was trapped on the treatment sticky-insects plate. However, in the control area, the number of insects on the control monitoring armyworm plate is gradually increased because the PVC pipe control and release device only filled with the mineral oil has no attraction effect on the trialeurodes vaporariorum, so that a large number of trialeurodes vaporariorum are stuck on the control monitoring armyworm plate. It will of course be appreciated that the armyworm plate of the PVC pipe release device, which is herein provided with mineral oil only, will also trap a small amount of whitefly due to the attraction of the yellow armyworm plate itself to the pests, rather than due to the attraction of mineral oil, and that in the previous experiments it has been demonstrated that mineral oil has no attraction to whitefly. Therefore, the Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate can be used for preventing, monitoring trialeurodes vaporariorum and reducing the population quantity of the trialeurodes vaporariorum by matching with a PVC pipe controlled release device. As mentioned above, the controlled release devices such as controlled release capsules, controlled release tubes, controlled release bottles, controlled release bags made of other materials such as LDPE, EVA, TPU, PET, wood chips, etc. perform the same function as PVC tubes.

Example 2 attractive Effect of Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoic acid salt on Bemisia tabaci

1. The field test for controlling bemisia tabaci on cucumber crops was tested using the same experimental method as the tomato experiment described above. The experimental design was the same as the tomato experiment described above, also carried out in a greenhouse. The controlled release devices and dosages used in this experiment were the same as those used in the tomato experiment. The results are shown in Table 8.

TABLE 8 average pest population on monitoring armyworm panels of PVC pipe controlled release devices containing Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate on cucumber crops field test-control and treatment zones

From the above table 8 it follows: the quantity of bemisia tabaci lured on the processing monitoring pest sticking plate is far lower than that of bemisia tabaci on the control monitoring pest sticking plate in a control area, and the fact that the release control device containing the Z, 3 hexenyl Z and 3 hexenoate attractant arranged in the field can trap a large quantity of bemisia tabaci is demonstrated, so that the treatment group can be used for preventing and monitoring bemisia tabaci and reducing the population quantity of the bemisia tabaci.

Although the foregoing examples are described by way of examples of whitefly and bemisia tabaci, it is understood that Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate has the same effect on other whiteflies such as whitefly, citrus whitefly, cotton whitefly, etc.

In conclusion, it can be concluded that Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate has an attractive effect on whiteflies and is effective both when mixed with oil as a mixed solution and when used with a controlled release device.

Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all such modifications and alterations be included within the scope of this invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

Use of any of the following salts of Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoic acid:

1) as a whitefly attractant;

2) is used for attracting whiteflies.
A controlled release system for Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate, characterized in that said controlled release system is selected from any one of the following (r) and (c):

a controlled release device containing Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoic acid salt;

② a controlled-release device filled with Z, 3-hexenyl-Z, 3-hexenoate and oil mixture, and

the controlled release system is used for attracting whiteflies.
3. The controlled release system of claim 2, wherein the controlled release device containing the Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate salt or the controlled release device containing the Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate salt and oil mixture is any of: controlled release bag, controlled release tube, controlled release capsule or controlled release bottle.
4. The controlled release system of claim 3, wherein the material of the controlled release pouch, controlled release tube, controlled release capsule or controlled release bottle is selected from at least one of: polyvinyl chloride, low-density polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate, thermoplastic polyurethane, polyethylene terephthalate and wood chips.
5. The controlled release system of claim 2, wherein the controlled release system is obtained by mixing the Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate and oil in a weight ratio of 1: 99 to 1: 4 and then filling the mixture into a controlled release bag, a controlled release tube, a controlled release capsule or a controlled release bottle.
6. The controlled release system of claim 5, wherein the oil is selected from at least one of the following: mineral oil, corn oil, palm oil, olive oil, castor oil.
7. Controlled release system according to claim 5, characterized in that the weight ratio of Z, 3 hexenyl Z, 3 hexenoate to oil is 1: 9 or 1: 19 or 1: 24 or 1: 49.
8. Use of a controlled release system according to any one of claims 2 to 7 in a trap for a crop pest, said crop pest being whitefly.
9. A method for controlling whiteflies, characterized in that the controlled release system according to any one of claims 2 to 7 is placed in an insect trapping device, placed in the field, lured to gather and centrally exterminate whiteflies.
10. The control method according to claim 9, the trapping device comprising: pest sticking plates, traps and pest killing lamps.