CN114846925A

CN114846925A - Weeding assembly and sweet potato ridge intertillage weeding machine

Info

Publication number: CN114846925A
Application number: CN202210509746.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 严伟; 张文毅; 邵伟; 胡敏娟; 纪要; 李坤; 刘宏俊
Original assignee: Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
Current assignee: Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
Priority date: 2022-05-11
Filing date: 2022-05-11
Publication date: 2022-08-05
Anticipated expiration: 2042-05-11
Also published as: CN114846925B

Abstract

The invention discloses a weeding assembly and a sweet potato ridge body intertillage weeding machine, wherein the weeding assembly comprises a rotating seat, a ridge side weeding cutter group and a ridge bottom weeding cutter group are arranged on the rotating seat: the ridge-side weeding cutter group comprises a plurality of groups of hollow right-angled triangle cutter holders which are arrayed around the circumference of the rotary seat, a plurality of sheet-shaped cutter bodies which are arrayed in a linear array are fixed on the bevel edge of each group of right-angled triangle cutter holders, and the sheet-shaped cutter bodies are perpendicular to the bevel edge; the ridge-bottom weeding cutter group consists of a plurality of ridge-bottom weeding cutters which are arranged around the circumference of the rotating seat in an array manner, and each ridge-bottom weeding cutter comprises a cutter handle connected with the rotating seat and a plate-shaped cutter body formed at the end part of the cutter handle; the plate-shaped cutter body comprises a flat plate part vertical to the axial direction of the rotary seat and a bent part deviated from the flat plate part; the bent part and the weeding knife component on the ridge side are arranged on two sides of the flat plate part. In the weeding assembly and the sweet potato ridge body intertillage weeding machine, the structures of the ridge side weeding cutter group and the ridge bottom weeding cutter group are reasonably designed again, so that a good weeding effect can be achieved.

Description

Weeding assembly and sweet potato ridge intertillage weeding machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a weeding assembly and a sweet potato ridge intertillage weeding machine.

Background

China is the biggest sweet potato producing country in the world, the planting area of 600 hectares all the year round accounts for about 60 percent of the world, the annual output is 8500 million tons, and the annual output accounts for about 80 percent of the world. In recent years, the problems of dead yield of sweet potatoes, high pesticide residue and the like are caused by large application amount and irregular application of sweet potato herbicides, so that the planting benefit of the sweet potatoes is seriously influenced and the life safety is threatened. Meanwhile, ridge bodies are easy to collapse in the growing period of the sweet potatoes, and the quality and the yield of crops are seriously influenced. In order to reduce the use of pesticides, the sweet potato ridge body needs to be intertillage-weeded, and in addition, the ridge body can be shaped while weeding.

In the prior art, patent CN206078774U discloses a nursery furrow weeder with manual automatic switching function, which has a ridge bottom weeder blade and a ridge side weeder blade; the weeding blades at the ridge side are in a pointed cone shape and are arranged on the disc; the weeding blade at the bottom of the ridge is disc-shaped, the rotating shaft of the weeding blade is vertically arranged, and weeding is carried out on the bottom of the ridge by driving the weeding blade at the bottom of the ridge. In this patent, the overall arrangement and the blade shape design of weeding blade and ridge side weeding blade at the bottom of the ridge are all too little reasonable, and during the in-service use, the weeding effect is poor, and weeding efficiency is lower.

Patent CN210959337U discloses a field ridge ditch weeding device, it has the first slope shovel that is used for carrying out the weeding to the ridge side and is used for carrying out the second slope shovel of weeding to the ridge bottom, first slope shovel all is dull and stereotyped shape with the second slope shovel, first slope shovel all is flat-plate-like with the second slope shovel, and both do not active movement, during the in-service use, the laminating effect between slope shovel and the ridge wall is relatively poor, is difficult to reach fine weeding effect.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a weeding assembly with good weeding effect and high weeding efficiency and a sweet potato ridge intertillage weeding machine.

The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the weeding assembly comprises a rotary seat, wherein a ridge-side weeding cutter group and a ridge-bottom weeding cutter group are arranged on the rotary seat;

the ridge-side weeding cutter group comprises a plurality of groups of hollow right-angled triangle cutter holders which are arrayed around the circumference of the rotary seat, a plurality of sheet-shaped cutter bodies which are arrayed in a linear array are fixed on the bevel edge of each group of the right-angled triangle cutter holders, and the sheet-shaped cutter bodies are perpendicular to the bevel edge;

the ridge-bottom weeding knife group consists of a plurality of ridge-bottom weeding knives arranged around the circumference of the rotating seat in an array manner, and each ridge-bottom weeding knife comprises a knife handle connected with the rotating seat and a plate-shaped knife body formed at the end part of the knife handle;

the plate-shaped cutter body comprises a flat plate part perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotary seat and a bent part deviating from the flat plate part; the bent part and the ridge-side weeding cutter component are arranged on two sides of the flat plate part.

Further, the sheet-like cutter body is disposed obliquely with respect to the longitudinal direction of the oblique side.

Further, the plate-shaped cutter body is provided with a tip soil shoveling part which is formed by the front end of the flat plate part and the front end of the bent part together, and the tip soil shoveling part is gradually widened from front to back; the bending part is also provided with a square part positioned at the rear end of the pointed soil shoveling part; the square portion extends in a direction away from the flat plate portion.

Further, the rotary seat is provided with a sleeve body part, and the sheet-shaped cutter body is detachably mounted relative to the sleeve body part.

Furthermore, one side of the knife handle, which is far away from the rotating seat, is bent towards the direction close to the ridge-side weeding knife group.

Further, the rotary base has a splined bore.

Sweet potato ridge body intertillage weeder, it includes the traction seat, install weeding device on the traction seat, weeding device includes driving shaft and foretell weeding subassembly, the both ends of driving shaft all are installed weeding subassembly.

Furthermore, a profiling ridging component is also arranged on the traction seat; the profiling ridging part is installed behind the weeding device.

Furthermore, the number of the weeding devices is two, and the two weeding devices are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the traction seat.

Further, the weeding device is mounted on the traction seat through a sliding seat, and the sliding seat can translate left and right relative to the traction seat;

the sliding seat is used for sliding relative to the traction seat.

Has the advantages that: in the weeding assembly and the sweet potato ridge body intertillage weeding machine, the structures of the ridge side weeding cutter group and the ridge bottom weeding cutter group are reasonably designed again, so that a good weeding effect can be achieved; the sweet potato ridge body intertillage weeding machine can finish self-adaptive ridge, intertillage weeding, ridging and ridge body finishing integrated operation, can reduce pesticide application, recover ridge shapes and improve the yield and quality of sweet potatoes.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a first perspective view of a herbicidal assembly;

FIG. 2 is a second perspective view of the herbicidal assembly;

FIG. 3 is an arrangement view of a sheet-like blade body on the bevel edge;

FIG. 4 is a side view of a sweet potato ridge intertillage weeding machine;

FIG. 5 is a top view of a sweet potato ridge intertillage weeding machine;

FIG. 6 is a front view of a sweet potato ridge intertillage weeding machine;

fig. 7 is a structural view of the ridge body strike detection unit.

In the figure: 1-a herbicidal assembly; 11-a rotating base; 111-a sleeve portion; 112-splined bore; 12-weeding cutter group on ridge side; 121-triangular tool holder; a-a bevel edge; f-straight side; 122-a sheet-like cutter body; 13-weeding cutter group at the bottom of ridge; 131-a knife handle; 132-a plate-shaped cutter body; b-a flat plate portion; c-a bend; d-a pointed shovel part; e-a square portion; 2-a traction seat; 21-driving shaft; 3-a contoured ridging member; 4-a sliding seat; 5-a regulating device; 51-a telescopic execution unit; 52-ridge body trend detection unit; 521-a unit base; 522-rod member; 523-wheels; 524-a spring; 525-laser distance sensor.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The weeding assembly 1 shown in fig. 1-2 comprises a rotary base 11, and a ridge-side weeding cutter group 12 and a ridge-bottom weeding cutter group 13 are mounted on the rotary base 11.

Specifically, the ridge-side weeding cutter group 12 comprises a plurality of groups of hollow right-angled triangular cutter holders 121 arrayed circumferentially around the rotary base 11, and each right-angled triangular cutter holder 121 comprises a straight edge f arranged perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotary base 11 and a bevel edge a arranged obliquely relative to the axial direction of the rotary base 11, so that the right-angled triangular cutter holders 121 are integrally firm, and are light in weight due to the hollow structure, and the weight of the weeding assembly cannot be increased; a plurality of sheet-shaped knife bodies 122 arranged in a linear array are fixed on the oblique side a of each group of the right-angled triangular knife rests 121, the sheet-shaped knife bodies 122 are perpendicular to the oblique side a, and preferably, the sheet-shaped knife bodies 122 are square and are arranged obliquely with respect to the length direction of the oblique side a (as shown in fig. 3). Through the structure, the bevel edge a can better fit with the side wall of the ridge body, the sheet-shaped cutter bodies 122 arranged in a linear array on the triangular cutter frame 121 can densely turn over the side wall of the ridge body along with the rotation of the rotating seat 11 driving the triangular cutter frame 121, and weeds are separated from the side wall in a mode of turning over a side wall soil layer, so that weeding is realized.

The ridge-bottom weeding knife group 13 is composed of a plurality of ridge-bottom weeding knives arranged in a circumferential array around the rotating seat 11, and each ridge-bottom weeding knife comprises a knife handle 131 connected with the rotating seat 11 and a plate-shaped knife body 132 formed at the end part of the knife handle 131; the plate-shaped cutter 132 includes a flat plate portion b perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotary holder 11 and a curved portion c deviating from the flat plate portion b; the bending part c and the ridge-side weeding knife group 12 are arranged on two sides of the flat plate part b. Through the design, the soil breaking area of the plate-shaped cutter body 132 can be increased, and the weeding effect is improved.

Specifically, the plate-shaped cutter body 132 has a tip scooping portion d which is formed by the front end of the flat plate portion b and the front end of the curved portion c together, and which gradually widens from front to back; the bent part c is also provided with a square part e positioned at the rear end of the pointed shovel part d; the square portion e extends in a direction away from the flat plate portion b. Through this structure, roating seat 11 drives the ridge end weeding sword when rotating, the tip of platelike cutter body 132 shovels the soil contact at the bottom of the soil portion d the front end earlier with the ridge, along with roating seat 11 rotates, the tip shovels the soil layer at the bottom of the ridging of soil portion d, because tip shovels soil portion d and is formed jointly by the front end of flat plate portion b and the front end of flexion c, consequently, tip shovels soil portion d and is three-dimensional form, it can play fine shoveling effect, contact soil and continue to rotate along with roating seat 11 when square portion e, can further enlarge the area of shoveling soil, reach fine shoveling weeding effect.

Preferably, the rotary base 11 has a sleeve portion 111, the sheet-shaped knife body 122 is inserted and fixed in the sleeve portion 111, and the sheet-shaped knife body 122 is detachably mounted with respect to the sleeve portion 111. Therefore, when the weeding knife at the bottom of the ridge is damaged, the weeding knife can be replaced.

Preferably, the side of the knife handle 131 away from the rotary seat 11 is bent toward the direction close to the ridge-side weeding knife group 12, so that the flat plate part b of the sheet-shaped knife body 122 is closer to the edge of the ridge bottom, and dead corners can be eliminated.

To facilitate a secure mounting of the weeding assembly 1, said rotary base 11 has a splined hole 112.

The invention also provides a sweet potato ridge body intertillage weeding machine which comprises a traction seat 2, wherein a weeding device is arranged on the traction seat 2, the weeding device comprises a driving shaft 21 and the weeding assembly 1, and the weeding assembly 1 is arranged at two ends of the driving shaft 21. During the operation of weeding device, it is arranged in the furrow, and two ridge side weeding knife tackle 12 that two weeding subassemblies 1 contain act on two relative lateral walls on two adjacent ridge bodies respectively, and the bottom of ridge weeding knife tackle 13 of two weeding subassemblies 1 all is used in the bottom of furrow between this two ridge bodies.

The traction seat 2 is also provided with a profiling ridging component 3; the profile ridging member 3 is installed behind the weeding device. As shown in fig. 6, in the front-back direction, the outline of the lower side of the weeding device is larger than the outline of the furrow between the two ridge bodies before being processed, so that the weeding device can effectively turn over the soil on the ridge sides and at the ridge bottoms during operation, realize turning over and weeding, and the copying ridging part 3 shapes the turned-over soil later, thereby realizing the purpose of restoring the ridge shape while weeding.

Preferably, the number of the weeding devices is two, and the two weeding devices are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the traction seat 2. Therefore, the intertillage weeding machine can weed two furrows at a time, and the treatment efficiency is accelerated.

Preferably, the weeding device is mounted on the traction seat 2 through a sliding seat 4, and the sliding seat 4 can translate left and right relative to the traction seat 2; the cultivator also comprises a regulating device 5, and the regulating device 5 is used for controlling the sliding seat 4 to translate relative to the traction seat 2 according to the ridge-shaped trend.

As shown in fig. 7, the adjusting and controlling device 5 includes a controller, a telescopic executing unit 51 and a ridge body moving direction detecting unit 52, wherein the telescopic executing unit 51 is connected with the sliding seat 4 and the traction seat 2 to control the relative sliding of the two, the ridge body moving direction detecting unit 52 is used for collecting moving data of the ridge body, and the controller drives the sliding seat 4 to move through the telescopic executing unit 51 according to the moving data. The ridge body trend detection unit 52 comprises a unit seat body 521, the unit seat body 521 is provided with a downward rod-shaped extension part, rod pieces 522 are respectively rotatably installed on the left side and the right side of the unit seat body 521, wheels 523 are installed at the lower end of each rod piece 522, a spring 524 is arranged between each rod piece 522 and the unit seat body 521, and the spring 524 enables the unit seat body 521 to have a movement trend away from the unit seat body 521. The underside of the rod-like extension is mounted with a laser distance sensor 525 corresponding to each rod 522. Through the structure, during the operation, two wheels 523 contact with the relative both sides face of two adjacent ridge bodies respectively all the time, two laser distance sensor 525 can obtain the detection distance between corresponding member 522 and the shaft-like extension respectively on the shaft-like extension, the controller judges whether this difference is in the within range of predetermineeing according to the difference of the detection distance that two member 522 correspond, if not, then adjust the position of sliding seat 4 through flexible execution unit 51 according to the skew direction, and acquire detection distance again after the regulation and judge whether the difference is in the within range of predetermineeing, if this circulation is reciprocal, continuously adjust the position of sliding seat 4, in order to realize the real-time automation to the ridge to weeding subassembly 1, promote the weeding effect. Among the above-mentioned regulation and control device 5, the ridge body moves towards detecting element 52 and plays the effect of surveying the furrow and moving, and not directly take weeding subassembly 1 to carry out profile modeling, in addition through setting up laser distance sensor 525, controller and flexible execution unit 51, laser distance sensor 525 is with the deformation condition datamation of profiling mechanism, the controller is according to the flexible execution unit 51 drive weeding subassembly 1 motion of data control that laser distance sensor 525 gathered, reach the automatic purpose to the ridge of control weeding subassembly 1, can effectively promote the weeding effect. In the mode, a profiling method that a guide roller mechanism adopted by patents such as CN215453820U and the like is not adopted to directly drive the weeding assembly 1 to profile is adopted, and compared with the prior art, the ridging movement of the weeding assembly 1 is more flexible and timely.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The weeding assembly comprises a rotary seat (11), wherein a ridge-side weeding cutter group (12) and a ridge-bottom weeding cutter group (13) are arranged on the rotary seat (11); the method is characterized in that:

the ridge-side weeding cutter group (12) comprises a plurality of groups of hollow right-angled triangular cutter holders (121) which are arrayed around the circumference of the rotary seat (11), a plurality of sheet-shaped cutter bodies (122) which are arrayed in a linear array are fixed on the oblique side (a) of each group of the right-angled triangular cutter holders (121), and the sheet-shaped cutter bodies (122) are perpendicular to the oblique side (a);

the ridge-bottom weeding cutter group (13) is composed of a plurality of ridge-bottom weeding cutters which are arranged around the circumference of the rotary seat (11) in an array manner, and each ridge-bottom weeding cutter comprises a cutter handle (131) connected with the rotary seat (11) and a plate-shaped cutter body (132) formed at the end part of the cutter handle (131);

the plate-shaped cutter body (132) comprises a flat plate part (b) perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotary seat (11) and a bent part (c) deviating from the flat plate part (b); the bending part (c) and the ridge-side weeding knife group (12) are arranged on two sides of the flat plate part (b).

2. A weeding assembly according to claim 1, wherein the blade-like body (122) is arranged obliquely with respect to the length direction of the oblique edge (a).

3. The weeding assembly according to claim 1, wherein the plate-like cutter body (132) has a tip scooping portion (d) that is formed by the front end of the flat plate portion (b) and the front end of the curved portion (c) together, and that gradually widens from front to back; the bending part (c) is also provided with a square part (e) positioned at the rear end of the pointed soil shoveling part (d); the square portion (e) extends in a direction away from the flat plate portion (b).

4. A weeding assembly according to claim 2, wherein the rotary holder (11) has a sleeve portion (111) thereon, and the sheet-like cutter body (122) is detachably mounted with respect to the sleeve portion (111).

5. A weeding assembly according to claim 4, wherein the side of the knife handle (131) remote from the swivel base (11) is curved in a direction towards the bank (12).

6. A herbicidal assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary holder (11) has a splined bore (112).

7. Sweet potato ridge cultivator, characterized in that it comprises a traction base (2), a weeding device is mounted on the traction base (2), the weeding device comprises a driving shaft (21) and a weeding assembly (1) according to any one of claims 1-6, and the weeding assembly (1) is mounted at both ends of the driving shaft (21).

8. The sweet potato ridge body intertillage weeding machine as claimed in claim 7, wherein the traction base (2) is further provided with a copying ridging component (3); the profile modeling ridging component (3) is installed behind the weeding device.

9. The sweet potato ridge body intertillage weeding machine of claim 8, wherein the number of the weeding devices is two, and the two weeding devices are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the traction seat (2).

10. The sweet potato ridge body intertillage weeding machine of claim 7, wherein the weeding device is mounted on the traction base (2) by a sliding base (4), the sliding base (4) being capable of translating left and right relative to the traction base (2);

the device also comprises a regulating device (5), wherein the regulating device (5) is used for controlling the sliding seat (4) to translate relative to the traction seat (2).