CN114844557A - Data receiving system - Google Patents
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- CN114844557A CN114844557A CN202210477861.3A CN202210477861A CN114844557A CN 114844557 A CN114844557 A CN 114844557A CN 202210477861 A CN202210477861 A CN 202210477861A CN 114844557 A CN114844557 A CN 114844557A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
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Abstract
The present disclosure provides a data receiving system, comprising: the attenuator is arranged at the front end of the ka frequency band low noise amplifier and used for attenuating the ka frequency band satellite signal input into the ka frequency band low noise amplifier so as to reduce the output level of the ka frequency band low noise amplifier; the attenuator adopts a resistance type attenuation network formed by combining a directional coupler with a switch for control, and the attenuation of the attenuator is adjustable. The data receiving system improves the dynamic range of the link without changing the complex design of the rear end of the link, does not influence the data receiving of the existing satellite, and has the subsequent different Ka satellite receiving expansion capabilities.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of laser radars, in particular to a geometric correction method and device for an unmanned aerial vehicle radar installation error.
Background
With the increase of the transmission rate of the satellite-ground link, the data transmission by using the Ka frequency band is a main working mode adopted by the remote sensing satellite in the future. At present, in order to reduce cost and improve technical support capability, a remote sensing ground station adopts a data receiving system which is compatible with multiple frequency bands of a remote sensing satellite by one set of antennas: the S/X/Ka three-frequency antenna receiving system comprises an X-frequency band multiplexing part and a Ka-frequency band multiplexing part.
The tracking and receiving system of the remote sensing satellite ground receiving station comprises an antenna servo feed subsystem, a channel subsystem and the like. The main task of the tracking channel is to extract an angle error signal and drive an antenna to capture and track a satellite, and the main task of the data channel is to complete demodulation of S/X/Ka frequency band data.
However, due to the great difference between the Ka satellite orbit height and the transmitting power, when different satellite signals are received by the same receiving link, the difference between the input level and the output level of each device is great. For Ka satellites with high Effective Isotropic Radiated Power (EIRP) and low orbits, if the conventional system is not modified, the low-noise amplifier is saturated and even has the risk of burning when the satellites are over the top.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present disclosure provides a data receiving system, including: the attenuator is arranged at the front end of the ka frequency band low noise amplifier and used for attenuating the ka frequency band satellite signal input into the ka frequency band low noise amplifier so as to reduce the output level of the ka frequency band low noise amplifier; the attenuator adopts a resistance type attenuation network formed by combining a directional coupler with a switch for control, and the attenuation of the attenuator is adjustable.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the resistive damping network comprises: the directional coupler comprises a first input end, a first output end and a second output end, wherein the first input end is used for inputting the ka frequency band satellite signal, the first output end is used for outputting the non-attenuated ka frequency band satellite signal, and the second output end is used for outputting the first attenuated ka frequency band satellite signal; a first switch including a second input terminal, a third output terminal, and a fourth output terminal, the second input terminal being connected to the second output terminal for outputting the input ka frequency band satellite signal subjected to the first attenuation to the third output terminal or the fourth output terminal; the attenuation network comprises a third input end and a fifth output end, wherein the third input end is connected to the third output end and is used for carrying out second attenuation on the ka frequency band satellite signals subjected to the first attenuation; a second switch, including a fourth input terminal, a fifth input terminal and a sixth output terminal, where the fourth input terminal is connected to the third output terminal, the fifth input terminal is connected to the fifth output terminal, and the sixth output terminal is configured to output the ka-band satellite signal subjected to the first attenuation and input by the fourth input terminal or output the ka-band satellite signal subjected to the second attenuation and input by the fifth input terminal; and the third switch comprises a sixth input end, a seventh input end and a seventh output end, the sixth input end is connected to the first output end, the seventh input end is connected to the sixth output end, the seventh output end is connected to the ka-band low noise amplifier, and the seventh output end is used for outputting the ka-band satellite signals which are input by the sixth input end and are not attenuated or outputting the ka-band satellite signals which are input by the seventh input end and are attenuated by the first attenuation or the second attenuation.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the attenuation of the attenuator is determined according to the antenna noise temperature, the field discharge noise temperature, the system noise temperature, the environment temperature of the antenna and the quality factor of the data receiving system corresponding to the satellite.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the attenuation, the antenna noise temperature, the field discharge noise temperature, the system noise temperature, the environment temperature and the quality factor satisfy the following conditions:
wherein, T a For the antenna noise temperature, T LNA For the field noise temperature, T sys For the system noise temperature, T 0 Δ GT is the degree of deterioration of the quality factor for the ambient temperature.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the cavity of the attenuator is a waveguide structure.
According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the first switch and the second switch are switching diodes and the third switch is a waveguide switch.
According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the attenuation amount of the first attenuation is 20dB, and the attenuation amount of the second attenuation is 10 dB.
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the main transmission line of the data receiving system is filled with air.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the working frequency of the attenuator is in a frequency band of 25-27.5 GHz.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following description of embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 schematically shows a block diagram of a data receiving system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 schematically illustrates a block diagram of a resistive attenuation network formed with a directional coupler in combination with a switch control, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the present disclosure, reference is made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a few, and not all, of the disclosed embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments disclosed herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. The terms "comprises," "comprising," and the like, as used herein, specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.
In the present disclosure, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integral; can be mechanically connected, electrically connected or can communicate with each other; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other suitable relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
In the description of the present disclosure, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "length," "circumferential," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present disclosure and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced subsystems or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present disclosure.
Throughout the drawings, like elements are represented by like or similar reference numerals. Conventional structures or constructions will be omitted when they may obscure the understanding of the present disclosure. And the shapes, sizes and positional relationships of the components in the drawings do not reflect the actual sizes, proportions and actual positional relationships. In addition, in the present disclosure, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the present disclosure.
Similarly, in the above description of exemplary embodiments of the disclosure, various features of the disclosure are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various disclosed aspects. Reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present disclosure, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless explicitly specifically limited otherwise.
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the embodiment of the disclosure provides a data receiving system with adjustable front-end attenuation, when Ka satellite signals are received, attenuation is added at the front end of a field amplifier, so that the output level of the field amplifier is smaller than the output 1db compression point of a low-noise amplifier, the safety level of each device at the rear end of a link is met, the system is ensured to be in a linear state, and the satellite signals are ensured to be successfully received. As described in detail below.
Fig. 1 schematically shows a block diagram of a data receiving system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 1, the data system is an S/X/Ka tri-band antenna receiving system, and the X band and Ka band multiplexing part of the receiving link.
Specifically, the data system comprises an attenuator which is arranged at the front end of the Ka band low noise amplifier, namely the attenuator is arranged between the Ka band feed source and the Ka low noise amplifier, the input end of the attenuator is connected with the Ka band feed source, and the output end of the attenuator is connected with the Ka low noise amplifier. The attenuator adopts a resistance type attenuation network formed by combining a directional coupler with switch control, the attenuation quantity of the attenuator is adjustable, and the attenuator is used for attenuating ka frequency band satellite signals input into the ka frequency band low noise amplifier to different degrees so as to reduce the output level of the ka frequency band low noise amplifier.
The main technical indexes of the Ka waveband of the data receiving system are as follows: the working frequency band is f is 25-27.5 GHz, the antenna noise temperature is Ta less than or equal to 180K, and the antenna axial ratio is less than or equal to 0.8 dB.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the main transmission line of the data receiving system is filled with air, which can ensure the long-term operation stability of the data receiving system in a continuous wave environment.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cavity of the attenuator may be a waveguide structure, and the attenuator uses a waveguide as the cavity design, so that the loss of signals can be reduced.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the technical indicators of the attenuator may be, for example:
the working frequency is in a frequency band of 25-27.5 GHz;
attenuation gear adjustment: 0dB, 20dB, 30 dB;
and (3) adjusting the precision: less than or equal to 2 dB;
insertion loss at 0dB step: less than or equal to 0.5 dB;
full-band frequency response: less than or equal to 1.0dB (per gear);
input and output standing waves: less than or equal to 1.35;
an input interface: WR34 flat flange
An output interface: WR34 dense flange.
Fig. 2 schematically illustrates a block diagram of a resistive attenuation network formed with a directional coupler in combination with a switch control, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 2, the resistive attenuation network may include, for example:
the directional coupler comprises a first input end, a first output end and a second output end. The first input end is used for inputting ka frequency band satellite signals, the first output end is used for outputting the non-attenuated ka frequency band satellite signals, and the second output end is used for outputting the first attenuated ka frequency band satellite signals.
And the first switch comprises a second input end, a third output end and a fourth output end. And the second input end is connected to the second output end and is used for outputting the input ka frequency band satellite signal subjected to the first attenuation to the third output end or the fourth output end.
And the attenuation network comprises a third input end and a fifth output end. And the third input end is connected to the third output end and is used for carrying out second attenuation on the ka frequency band satellite signals subjected to the first attenuation.
And the second switch comprises a fourth input end, a fifth input end and a sixth output end. The fourth input end is connected to the third output end, the fifth input end is connected to the fifth output end, and the sixth output end is used for outputting the ka-band satellite signal subjected to the first attenuation and input by the fourth input end or outputting the ka-band satellite signal subjected to the second attenuation and input by the fifth input end.
And the third switch comprises a sixth input end, a seventh input end and a seventh output end, wherein the sixth input end is connected to the first output end, the seventh input end is connected to the sixth output end, the seventh output end is connected to the ka-band low noise amplifier, and the seventh output end is used for outputting the ka-band satellite signals which are input by the sixth input end and are not attenuated or outputting the ka-band satellite signals which are input by the seventh input end and are attenuated by the first attenuation or the second attenuation.
In an embodiment of the disclosure, the first switch and the second switch are switching diodes and the third switch is a waveguide switch. The attenuation of different gears of the attenuator can be realized through the first switch, the second switch and the third switch. Illustratively, the attenuation of the first attenuation is 20dB, and the attenuation of the second attenuation is 10dB, that is, according to the transmission principle in combination with the application environment, considering the production cost, the first stage adopts a 20dB directional coupler as a 20dB attenuator, and then 2 branches are controlled by a switch to select whether to superpose 10dB attenuation. If the first switch is not used, the 20dB and the 30dB are divided into two paths by other devices to influence the signal strength, and the influence on the output signal is small by dividing the first switch into two branches. If the second switch is not used, the third switch needs to be connected to 20dB and 30dB, and the third switch needs 3 input inlets at this time, but the waveguide switch is basically a switch of 1-out-of-2 switch, namely two input interfaces and one output interface at present.
In the process of implementing the data receiving system provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the inventors further find that: the same attenuation at different positions in a channel link and the different attenuation at the same position can affect the quality factor (GT) value of a system and cause strong signal satellites. In order to receive at Ka high elevation angle, the low-noise amplifier is not saturated, and the attenuation needs to be increased before field amplification, but the attenuation is too much, so that the GT value of a receiving system is reduced, the signal-to-noise ratio of a received satellite signal is low, the error rate is high, even normal locking demodulation cannot be performed, and the attenuation required by different satellites is different. Therefore, the design needs to be accounted and the adjustable attenuation is used to satisfy the data reception of different satellites.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the attenuation of the attenuator may be determined according to the antenna noise temperature, the field discharge noise temperature, the system noise temperature, the ambient temperature of the antenna, and the quality factor of the data receiving system corresponding to the satellite.
Specifically, the GT value of the data receiving system is calculated as follows:
G/T＝G-10log 10 (T sys )
if attenuation L is increased before field amplification, antenna noise temperature deterioration Δ T:
the data reception system GT value deteriorates:
wherein, T a For antenna noise temperature, T LNA For noise temperature of the field, T sys For system noise temperature, T 0 Generally, 293K is taken as the ambient temperature of the antenna, and Δ GT is the deterioration degree of the quality factor. Based on this condition, different attenuation ranges can be rationally designed for different satellites.
Table 1 shows the margin calculations for different satellite signal-to-noise ratios (Eb/N0).
TABLE 1
It can be known from the data in table 1 that, by combining the existing system components and technical parameters on the ground and adopting different attenuation range designs for different satellites, the satellite signal can be safely received when the satellite signal passes the top, and the Eb/N0 can be reduced to the minimum extent to ensure the signal quality. For example, for a low-orbit Ka satellite, the attenuation needs to be increased before the field amplification and does not exceed 22db so as to satisfy the normal receiving and demodulation of the satellite signal. The three gears of the attenuator 0dB, 20dB and 30dB meet the use requirement of a data receiving system.
According to the data receiving system provided by the embodiment of the disclosure, the attenuator is arranged at the front end of the Ka frequency band low noise amplifier, the dynamic range of the link is improved under the condition of not changing the complex design of the rear end of the link, and the data receiving system does not influence the data receiving of the existing satellite and has the subsequent different Ka satellite receiving expansion capabilities. Furthermore, the attenuation of the attenuator is determined according to the antenna noise temperature, the field discharge noise temperature, the system noise temperature, the environment temperature of the antenna and the quality factor of the data receiving system corresponding to the satellite, so that the reasonable design of different attenuation ranges of different satellites is realized, the satellite signals can be safely received when the satellite signals are over the top, the signal to noise ratio can be reduced to the minimum extent, and the signal quality is ensured. The data receiving system fully considers the multi-satellite adaptability of the system, has the data receiving capacity of multiple satellites, and can realize multi-satellite, all-time and all-weather satellite data receiving.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that features described in various embodiments of the disclosure may be combined and/or coupled in a variety of ways, even if such combinations or couplings are not expressly described in the disclosure. In particular, features described in various embodiments of the disclosure may be combined and/or coupled in various ways without departing from the spirit and teachings of the disclosure. All such combinations and/or associations are within the scope of the present disclosure.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present disclosure in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (9)
1. A data receiving system, comprising:
the attenuator is arranged at the front end of the ka frequency band low noise amplifier and used for attenuating the ka frequency band satellite signal input into the ka frequency band low noise amplifier so as to reduce the output level of the ka frequency band low noise amplifier;
the attenuator adopts a resistance type attenuation network formed by combining a directional coupler with switch control, and the attenuation amount of the attenuator can be adjusted.
2. The data receiving system of claim 1, wherein the attenuator comprises:
the directional coupler comprises a first input end, a first output end and a second output end, wherein the first input end is used for inputting the ka frequency band satellite signal, the first output end is used for outputting the non-attenuated ka frequency band satellite signal, and the second output end is used for outputting the first attenuated ka frequency band satellite signal;
a first switch including a second input terminal, a third output terminal, and a fourth output terminal, the second input terminal being connected to the second output terminal, and configured to output the input first attenuated ka band satellite signal to the third output terminal or the fourth output terminal;
the attenuation network comprises a third input end and a fifth output end, wherein the third input end is connected to the third output end and is used for carrying out second attenuation on the ka frequency band satellite signals subjected to the first attenuation;
a second switch, including a fourth input terminal, a fifth input terminal and a sixth output terminal, where the fourth input terminal is connected to the third output terminal, the fifth input terminal is connected to the fifth output terminal, and the sixth output terminal is configured to output the ka-band satellite signal subjected to the first attenuation and input by the fourth input terminal or output the ka-band satellite signal subjected to the second attenuation and input by the fifth input terminal;
and the third switch comprises a sixth input end, a seventh input end and a seventh output end, the sixth input end is connected to the first output end, the seventh input end is connected to the sixth output end, the seventh output end is connected to the ka-band low noise amplifier, and the seventh output end is used for outputting the ka-band satellite signals which are input by the sixth input end and are not attenuated or outputting the ka-band satellite signals which are input by the seventh input end and are attenuated by the first attenuation or the second attenuation.
3. The data receiving system of claim 1, wherein the attenuation of the attenuator is determined according to an antenna noise temperature, a field discharge noise temperature, a system noise temperature, an ambient temperature of an antenna corresponding to a satellite, and a quality factor of the data receiving system.
4. The data receiving system according to claim 3, wherein the attenuation amount, the antenna noise temperature, the field discharge noise temperature, the system noise temperature, the ambient temperature, and the quality factor satisfy the following conditions:
wherein, T a For the antenna noise temperature, T LNA For the field noise temperature, T sys For the system noise temperature, T 0 Δ GT is the degree of deterioration of the quality factor, which is the ambient temperature in which the antenna is located.
5. The data receiving system of claim 1, wherein the attenuator cavity is a waveguide structure.
6. The data receiving system of claim 2, wherein the first switch and the second switch are switching diodes and the third switch is a waveguide switch.
7. The data receiving system of claim 2, wherein the first attenuation is attenuated by an amount of 20dB and the second attenuation is attenuated by an amount of 10 dB.
8. The data receiving system of claim 1, wherein a main transmission line of the data receiving system is filled with air.
9. The data receiving system of claim 1, wherein the attenuator operates at a frequency in the 25-27.5 GHz band.
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