CN110602775A - Gain adjustment system and method suitable for cross-intercontinental Beidou short message communication - Google Patents

Gain adjustment system and method suitable for cross-intercontinental Beidou short message communication Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110602775A
CN110602775A CN201910677629.2A CN201910677629A CN110602775A CN 110602775 A CN110602775 A CN 110602775A CN 201910677629 A CN201910677629 A CN 201910677629A CN 110602775 A CN110602775 A CN 110602775A
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noise ratio
carrier
gain
beidou
uplink
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张�浩
刘兴
莫建军
谈世哲
王烨
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Qingdao National Number Mdt Infotech Ltd
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Qingdao National Number Mdt Infotech Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/06—TPC algorithms
    • H04W52/14—Separate analysis of uplink or downlink
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
    • H04W52/241—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters taking into account channel quality metrics, e.g. SIR, SNR, CIR, Eb/lo
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/52—TPC using AGC [Automatic Gain Control] circuits or amplifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/06—Airborne or Satellite Networks

Abstract

The invention provides a gain adjustment system suitable for cross-intercontinental Beidou short message communication, which comprises an automatic gain control module, a Beidou processing unit and a receiving antenna, wherein the automatic gain control module calculates the carrier-to-noise ratio of a current uplink and a current downlink through link related parameters obtained by the Beidou processing unit and the receiving antenna in real time, and adjusts the gain to enable the gain to be in accordance with the current set carrier-to-noise ratio threshold range, so that the Beidou short message can be normally communicated. The invention calculates the download noise ratio threshold value under different interference conditions through the satellite communication uplink and downlink, and performs gain adjustment according to the download noise ratio threshold value so as to be suitable for normally receiving and processing Beidou short message information in the Beidou signal coverage range.

Description

Gain adjustment system and method suitable for cross-intercontinental Beidou short message communication
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of satellite communication, and particularly relates to a gain adjusting system and method applicable to cross-intercontinental Beidou short message communication.
Background
With the increasing development of communication technology, people have higher and higher requirements on communication, and the requirements on realizing better communication quality and communication anytime and anywhere are required. The land communication can adopt the erection of a communication base station to realize rapid and high-quality communication service. However, communication cannot be realized by erecting a communication base station on the vast sea of the amplitude personnel, however, on the wide territory of China, the ship and the land are kept, and high-quality communication between the ship and the ship is an effective measure for guaranteeing the safety of offshore operation and improving the offshore operation level and the working efficiency.
The use of satellite communication is an optimal solution by installing onboard satellite communication terminals on the ship. The Beidou satellite communication system is an autonomous development and independent operation global satellite communication navigation system which is implemented in China. The Beidou navigation positioning system has the advantages of precise time service, rapid positioning, high-reliability navigation and the like, and the unique short message communication function enables the terminal user in the system coverage area to carry out two-way communication, which is an innovative function that other satellite navigation systems do not have, and has a characteristic service of combining communication and navigation.
The short message function of the Beidou Satellite is realized through a geosynchronous orbit Satellite, the conventional Beidou navigation Satellite running in a synchronous orbit provides RDSS (radio Determination Satellite service) signal coverage of 10 beams, the regional span of a single beam is large, the signal power difference in the beam is large, and for a user who uses the cross-intercontinental Beidou short message, a user terminal has to be capable of adapting to the power change in a large dynamic range.
There have been related studies to address the above power control problem. But most are ideally implemented and lack testing for practical complex environments. Therefore, how to enable the Beidou short message to be normally used in a cross-intercontinental range through a gain adjustment technology is an urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a gain adjustment system and method suitable for cross-intercontinental Beidou short message communication so as to be suitable for normally receiving and processing Beidou short message information in a Beidou signal coverage range.
The invention provides the following technical scheme:
a gain adjustment system suitable for cross-intercontinental Beidou short message communication comprises an automatic gain control module, a Beidou processing unit and a receiving antenna, wherein the automatic gain control module calculates the carrier-to-noise ratio of a current uplink and a current downlink through link related parameters obtained by the Beidou processing unit and the receiving antenna in real time, and adjusts the gain to enable the gain to be in accordance with the current set carrier-to-noise ratio threshold range, so that Beidou short messages can be communicated normally.
Preferably, the parameter information includes a terminal position and downlink carrier-to-noise ratio information, and the gain adjustment process includes uplink and downlink gain adjustment.
Preferably, the automatic gain control module comprises a main control unit and an attenuator, wherein the main control unit acquires parameter information of the terminal and the satellite in real time through the Beidou processing unit and sends a control instruction to the attenuator to control gain change of the whole system.
Preferably, the main control unit obtains the uplink signal carrier-to-noise ratio and the downlink signal carrier-to-noise ratio, compares the uplink signal carrier-to-noise ratio and the downlink signal carrier-to-noise ratio with a calculated threshold carrier-to-noise ratio stored in the system, and when the calculated link carrier-to-noise ratio margin is greater than 0, indicates that the current satellite communication link has good communication performance and has the condition of Beidou message communication; if the margin is less than 0, the main control unit is required to control the corresponding attenuator to output the corresponding attenuation amount.
Preferably, in the running process of the system, the main control unit obtains optimal carrier-to-noise ratio transceiving data through calculation processing, and replaces a threshold carrier-to-noise ratio stored in the system, so that the Beidou satellite transceiving signal gain is quickly corrected.
Preferably, the attenuator is a variable attenuator, and the main control unit is an ATxmega256a3 microprocessor.
A gain adjustment method applicable to cross-intercontinental Beidou short message communication comprises the following steps:
reading a Beidou receiving module of an antenna terminal to obtain terminal information and selected satellite information, and determining a carrier-to-noise ratio threshold value of a current link;
judging whether the current carrier-to-noise ratio is within the current preset carrier-to-noise ratio threshold value range or not;
calculating link margin, and if the link margin is less than 0, adjusting gain to enable the link margin to meet the Beidou short message receiving and sending conditions; if greater than 0, no adjustment is made.
Preferably, the terminal information and the selected satellite information include a currently selected Beidou satellite beam receiving antenna gain, a carrier noise bandwidth and a transmitting antenna gain.
Preferably, adjusting the gain comprises uplink and downlink gain adjustment, said uplink gain adjustment comprising the steps of:
reading a Beidou receiving module of an antenna terminal to obtain terminal information and selected satellite information, and determining a current uplink carrier-to-noise ratio threshold;
judging whether the current carrier-to-noise ratio is larger than a current preset uplink carrier-to-noise ratio threshold value or not;
calculating the uplink margin, and if the uplink margin is less than 0, adjusting the gain to enable the uplink margin to meet the Beidou short message sending condition; if the value is larger than 0, no adjustment is made;
the downlink gain adjustment comprises the steps of:
acquiring receiving information through a Beidou receiving module, and determining a current downlink carrier-to-noise ratio threshold value;
judging whether the current carrier-to-noise ratio is within the current preset threshold range of the transmittable carrier-to-noise ratio;
calculating the downlink margin, and if the downlink margin is less than 0, adjusting the gain to enable the downlink margin to meet the Beidou short message receiving condition; if greater than 0, no adjustment is made.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the problem of great power difference of Beidou satellite beam signals is solved by calculating the current carrier-to-noise ratio of the uplink and the downlink and quickly adjusting the gain to make the current carrier-to-noise ratio meet the current set carrier-to-noise ratio threshold range, and Beidou short messages can be normally received and sent in cross-intercontinental communication.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a satellite communications link of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a system block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of uplink gain adjustment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a downlink gain adjustment diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a system implementation of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the satellite communication link is divided into two parts, the part from the transmitting end a to the satellite receiver is called uplink, the part from the satellite transmitter to the receiving end B is called downlink, and the calculation and analysis of the carrier-to-noise ratio are determined and considered into the uplink and the downlink.
As shown in fig. 2, the system selects to change the attenuation amount thereof by manual or program control according to actual requirements to realize Gain control, and mainly comprises an AGC (automatic Gain control), a beidou processing unit and a receiving antenna, wherein the AGC mainly aims to quickly adjust a transmitting attenuator and a receiving attenuator and change the Gain of the system when the beidou short message cannot be normally communicated due to the change of the carrier-to-noise ratio of an uplink and a downlink of the beidou satellite communication, so that the beidou short message can be normally communicated. In order to improve the flexibility and performance of gain adjustment, a high-performance ATxmega256A3 microprocessor is used as a main control unit to control each part of circuits to realize required functions. Through calculation processing of the link carrier-to-noise ratio, a control command is sent to the attenuator through the SPI to control gain change of the whole system.
The variable attenuator is a key part for determining the performance of a satellite communication link, and a digital program control step attenuator is selected, so that the gain adjustment with high precision and large dynamic input range can meet the gain adjustment requirement of cross-intercontinental Beidou short message communication. The large dynamic input range is mainly embodied in the frequency band which can be supported by the attenuator and the adjustable attenuation range. The central frequency of a Beidou receiving signal is 2491.75MHz, the bandwidth is 8.16MHz, and the receiving gain is 20 dBi; the central frequency of the Beidou transmitting signal is 1615.68MHz, the bandwidth is 8.16MHz, the transmitting gain is 16dBi, the selected attenuator meets the frequency band requirement of the Beidou receiving and transmitting signal, and supports the 0-4G working frequency band, so that the attenuator can meet the frequency band requirement of satellite transmitting and receiving. In addition, the six-bit control register inside the attenuator can respectively control the attenuation of 0.5dB, 1dB, 2dB, 4dB, 8dB and 16dB, can control the setting of any attenuation in a wide range from 0.5dB to 31.5dB, and has the attenuation interval of 0.5 dB. The high accuracy is mainly reflected in that the selected attenuator has very low insertion loss and can provide high-accuracy attenuation values in the whole working frequency band and temperature range.
The insertion loss of the attenuator with the change of the working frequency at different temperatures is shown in table 1, and it can be seen from the table that the insertion loss of the attenuator in the frequency ranges of 1615.68MHz and 2491.75MHz does not exceed 2 dB.
TABLE 1
Table 2 shows the actual attenuation of this type of attenuator with the change of the working frequency of the beidou signal under the attenuation of 0.5, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 31.5 dB. As can be seen from the table, this type of attenuator can maintain an accurate attenuation value in the satellite transmission frequency band.
TABLE 2
Fig. 3 shows a diagram of uplink gain adjustment according to the present invention.
And step s1, the Beidou receiving module of the antenna terminal is read to obtain terminal information and selected satellite information, the terminal information and the selected satellite information comprise the gain of the currently selected Beidou satellite beam receiving antenna, the carrier noise bandwidth, the gain of the transmitting antenna and the like, and the current uplink carrier-to-noise ratio threshold is determined.
In particular, the uplink carrier-to-noise ratio (C/N)uTransmitter dependent equivalent isotropic radiated power EIRPEAnd uplink loss, the calculation formula is: (C/N)u＝EIRPE+(G/T)s-(Lfu+Lou) -K-BN, wherein (G/T)sIs the quality factor, L, of the satellite receiving antennaouOther losses of the uplink mainly include losses caused by rain attenuation, atmospheric absorption, cloud, fog and other attenuations, and the uplink is not greatly influenced by environmental factors such as rainfall and the like compared with other frequency bands and can be ignored; boltzmann constant K-228.6 dBW Hz/K, BNIs the carrier noise bandwidth. L isfuFor free space path loss, which is related only to communication frequency and distance, the calculation formula is: l isfu(dB)＝92.45+20lgdu(km)+20lgfu(GHz)，fuFor the uplink center frequency, duObtaining the longitude and latitude information of the current position for the beam center axial distance between the current Beidou communication satellite and the Beidou transmitting stationD can be calculated according to the longitude lambda of the satelliteuThe calculation formula is as follows:equivalent isotropic radiated power EIRPEAnd antenna transmission power PTSum antenna gain GTThe EIRP can be obtained by the following formulaE＝PT+GT-LFTEWherein G isTRepresents the antenna gain, LFTEIs the feeder loss. The following uplink carrier-to-noise ratio can be obtained by the above formula: (C/N)u＝PT+GT+(G/T)s-LFTE-20(lgdu+lgfu)-BN+136.15。
In satellite communications, antenna gain GTWave carrierNoise bandwidth BNAll are known parameters, so that the magnitude of the uplink carrier-to-noise ratio is only known as the sum of the transmission power PTLink attenuation and quality factor (G/T) of satellite receiving antennasIt is related. Wherein T is equivalent noise temperature of noise performance of a receiving system, G is satellite receiving antenna gain, the size of the satellite receiving antenna gain is changed along with different places in a coverage area of the satellite receiving antenna, and a gain value of a satellite load antenna at the current position can be obtained by inquiring an L-beam coverage map. Then, according to general specification (pre) of short message type terminal of Beidou satellite navigation System position report issued by 2014.08.14, EIRP in the Beidou short message system can be knownEGreater than 3.5dBW and less than 19dBW are required. The carrier-to-noise ratio calculated by 11-13 dBW is taken as an uplink carrier-to-noise ratio threshold value, and since link attenuation cannot be manually intervened, a gain adjusting module can be added to adjust the change of the carrier-to-noise ratio caused by satellite receiving antenna gain and uplink loss so as to maintain the change within a given threshold value range, and a certain margin is reserved for a link in consideration of transmission damage caused by interference factors such as sea surface reflection and atmospheric flicker in actual transmission. And according to the actual test experience value, the uplink threshold value is increased by 3dB to ensure the optimal transmission success rate.
Step s2, judging whether the current carrier-to-noise ratio is larger than the current preset uplink carrier-to-noise ratio threshold value;
step s3, calculating the uplink margin, and if the uplink margin is less than 0, adjusting the gain to make the uplink margin accord with the Beidou short message sending condition; if greater than 0, no adjustment is made.
Fig. 4 shows a downlink gain adjustment diagram according to the present invention.
Step s4, obtaining receiving information through a Beidou receiving module, and determining a current downlink carrier-to-noise ratio threshold value;
in particular, as with the uplink, the downlink carrier-to-noise ratio (C/N)dThe Beidou satellite communication system can also be obtained through a link calculation formula, and the received Beidou beam signal power P can be analyzed through the Beidou receiving moduleRTherefore, the downlink carrier-to-noise ratio (C/N)dCan be obtained by the following formula: (C/N)d＝PR/N0N0＝kT，N0The power density of the noise spectrum is/2, and the boltzmann constant k is equal to 1.38 multiplied by 10-23J/K, T is the noise temperature in Karl (K). In version 4.0 of the Beidou user machine user interface protocol, 0-4 and 5 grades are given according to the power condition of Beidou satellite beam signals received by a receiver, and N is0It is calculated that there is no 1dB difference in the temperature range-20 c to 40 c, where we give the corresponding carrier to noise ratios at different levels at room temperature 25 c.
Table 3 shows the downlink received power to carrier-to-noise ratio, as can be seen from Table 3, N corresponds to 25 ℃ at room temperature0And 202, when the power level of the wave beam signal is 4, the signal power is suitable for sending Beidou short message information. Therefore, we set the corresponding carrier-to-noise ratio of 50dB at level 4 as the lower threshold of the preset transmittable carrier-to-noise ratio. Through the received power, the current upper threshold value of the transmittable carrier-to-noise ratio is 71 dB. Here we select the median value of 60-65 dB as the threshold range for attenuation adjustment. In practical tests, a parabolic antenna with the gain of 20dBi is used, when a low-gain omnidirectional antenna is used, the strongest carrier-to-noise ratio of 60dB can be received, and the Beidou receiving module can achieve 91dB by considering the fact that the carrier-to-noise ratio upper limit value which can be received by the Beidou receiving module is added with the receiving gain of the parabolic antenna, so that the adjusting range of the gain adjusting module is required to be 31dB in order to avoid the situation that the power of received signals is too strong.
TABLE 3
Step s5, judging whether the current carrier-to-noise ratio is within the threshold range of the current preset transmittable carrier-to-noise ratio;
step s6, calculating the downlink margin, and if the downlink margin is less than 0, adjusting the gain to make the downlink margin accord with the Beidou short message sending condition; if greater than 0, no adjustment is made.
Fig. 5 shows a flow chart of the system implementation of the present invention.
After the system is started, the main control unit ATXmega256A3 acquires parameter information of a terminal and a satellite in real time through a Beidou processing unit, wherein the parameter information comprises information such as a terminal position, a downlink carrier-to-noise ratio and the like, the gain adjustment processing is mainly divided into uplink and downlink gain adjustment, the main control unit acquires the uplink signal carrier-to-noise ratio and the downlink signal carrier-to-noise ratio through the link carrier-to-noise ratio calculation method, compares the uplink signal carrier-to-noise ratio and the downlink signal carrier-to-noise ratio with a threshold carrier-to-noise ratio which is stored in the system and is calculated, and when the calculated link carrier-to-noise ratio margin M is larger than 0, the current satellite communication link; if M is less than 0, the main control unit is needed to control the corresponding attenuator to output the corresponding attenuation amount. In the running process of the system, optimal carrier-to-noise ratio transceiving data can be obtained through calculation processing, and the threshold carrier-to-noise ratio stored in the system is replaced, so that the Beidou satellite transceiving signal gain can be quickly corrected.
In the system test, a satellite beam coverage edge area is selected as a route in a ship carrying mode, system test verification is carried out, two groups of Beidou communications are selected to be configured respectively, a first group of Beidou communications does not adopt a gain adjustment technology, a low-gain omnidirectional antenna is used, a second group of the Beidou communications adds the gain adjustment technology, a high-gain parabolic antenna is combined, the carrier-to-noise ratio variation range of a downlink and the short message communication success rate are counted, the experimental results are shown in tables 4-1 and 4-2, and the communication success rate of Beidou short messages can be effectively improved by carrying out link gain adjustment on the Beidou satellite communications through two groups of tests.
TABLE 4-1, first group of Beidou short message communications
Test sequence number Downlink carrier to noise ratio Number of messages sent Number of received messages Communication success rate
1 61dB 10 10 100％
2 60～63dB 20 20 100％
3 62～64dB 30 30 100％
4 63～65dB 40 39 100％
5 61～63dB 50 49 98％
TABLE 4-2, second group of Beidou short message communications
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A gain adjustment system suitable for cross-intercontinental Beidou short message communication is characterized by comprising an automatic gain control module, a Beidou processing unit and a receiving antenna, wherein the automatic gain control module calculates the current carrier-to-noise ratio of an uplink and a downlink through link related parameters obtained by the Beidou processing unit and the receiving antenna in real time, and adjusts gain to enable the gain to be in accordance with the current set carrier-to-noise ratio threshold range, so that Beidou short messages can be communicated normally.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the parameter information comprises terminal position and downlink carrier-to-noise ratio information, and the gain adjustment process comprises uplink and downlink gain adjustment.
3. The gain adjustment system applicable to cross-intercontinental Beidou short message communication according to claim 1, wherein the automatic gain control module comprises a main control unit and an attenuator, and the main control unit acquires parameter information of a terminal and a satellite in real time through a Beidou processing unit and sends a control instruction to the attenuator to control gain change of the whole system.
4. The gain adjustment system applicable to cross-intercontinental Beidou short message communication according to claim 3, characterized in that the main control unit obtains an uplink signal carrier-to-noise ratio and a downlink signal carrier-to-noise ratio, compares the uplink signal carrier-to-noise ratio with a threshold carrier-to-noise ratio which is stored in the system and is obtained through calculation, and when the calculated link carrier-to-noise ratio margin is greater than 0, indicates that the current satellite communication link has good communication performance and has a Beidou message communication condition; if the margin is less than 0, the main control unit is required to control the corresponding attenuator to output the corresponding attenuation amount.
5. The gain adjustment system applicable to intercontinental Beidou short message communication according to claim 3, characterized in that in the operation process of the system, the main control unit obtains optimal carrier-to-noise ratio transceiving data through calculation processing, and replaces a threshold carrier-to-noise ratio stored in the system, so that the Beidou satellite transceiving signal gain is rapidly corrected.
6. The system of claim 3, wherein the attenuator is a variable attenuator and the master control unit is an ATxmega256A3 microprocessor.
7. A gain adjustment method applicable to cross-intercontinental Beidou short message communication is characterized by comprising the following steps:
reading a Beidou receiving module of an antenna terminal to obtain terminal information and selected satellite information, and determining a carrier-to-noise ratio threshold value of a current link;
judging whether the current carrier-to-noise ratio is within the current preset carrier-to-noise ratio threshold value range or not;
calculating link margin, and if the link margin is less than 0, adjusting gain to enable the link margin to meet the Beidou short message receiving and sending conditions; if greater than 0, no adjustment is made.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the terminal information and the selected satellite information comprise a currently selected Beidou satellite beam receiving antenna gain, a carrier noise bandwidth, and a transmitting antenna gain.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein adjusting gain comprises uplink and downlink gain adjustments, said uplink gain adjustments comprising the steps of:
reading a Beidou receiving module of an antenna terminal to obtain terminal information and selected satellite information, and determining a current uplink carrier-to-noise ratio threshold;
judging whether the current carrier-to-noise ratio is larger than a current preset uplink carrier-to-noise ratio threshold value or not;
calculating the uplink margin, and if the uplink margin is less than 0, adjusting the gain to enable the uplink margin to meet the Beidou short message sending condition; if the value is larger than 0, no adjustment is made;
the downlink gain adjustment comprises the steps of:
acquiring receiving information through a Beidou receiving module, and determining a current downlink carrier-to-noise ratio threshold value;
judging whether the current carrier-to-noise ratio is within the current preset threshold range of the transmittable carrier-to-noise ratio;
calculating the downlink margin, and if the downlink margin is less than 0, adjusting the gain to enable the downlink margin to meet the Beidou short message receiving condition; if greater than 0, no adjustment is made.
CN201910677629.2A 2019-07-25 2019-07-25 Gain adjustment system and method suitable for cross-intercontinental Beidou short message communication Pending CN110602775A (en)

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Application publication date: 20191220