CN114844349A - Hybrid high-voltage-reduction-ratio direct-current power supply based on switched capacitor - Google Patents

Hybrid high-voltage-reduction-ratio direct-current power supply based on switched capacitor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114844349A
CN114844349A CN202210367932.4A CN202210367932A CN114844349A CN 114844349 A CN114844349 A CN 114844349A CN 202210367932 A CN202210367932 A CN 202210367932A CN 114844349 A CN114844349 A CN 114844349A
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China
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power conversion
port
conversion part
side switching
rectifier
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CN202210367932.4A
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CN114844349B (en
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屈万园
杨旭
任晟道
李武华
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/06—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
    • H02M3/07—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode, e.g. charge pumps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/34—Snubber circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/043—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using transformers or inductors only
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a hybrid high-voltage-reduction-ratio direct-current power supply based on a switched capacitor, which comprises an input source, a first power conversion part and a second power conversion part, wherein the input source is connected with the first power conversion part; the first power conversion part comprises a switched capacitor type circuit with the number of stages being n, the first power conversion part can be a four-port circuit with double-port input and double-port output or a three-port circuit with double-port input and single-port output, and the second power conversion part is a multi-module power conversion part with double-port input and double-port output. The power supply combines the switched capacitor topology isolation type converter, can provide high voltage transformation ratio and voltage isolation, can reduce the withstand voltage of a switching device, and improves the efficiency and the power density. Meanwhile, the power supply can be flexibly expanded according to voltage and power grades, and is suitable for application of isolated/non-isolated power supplies with high-voltage input, low-voltage large-current output and high-power density requirements.

Description

Hybrid high-voltage-reduction-ratio direct-current power supply based on switched capacitor
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to a hybrid high-voltage-reduction-ratio direct-current power supply based on a switched capacitor.
Background
In order to improve the power transmission and distribution efficiency and reduce the transmission loss of a transmission line, a 48V bus system becomes a new standard, and the main load of the data center is a processor, the power supply voltage of the processor is usually about 1V, so that how to realize the isolated DC-DC conversion with high efficiency, high voltage reduction ratio and high power density is a difficult problem of power supply of the data center.
Document a 48V-to-1V Buck-Assisted Active-Clamp Forward Converter with Reduced Voltage Conversion for data center Applications (2020IEEE Energy Conversion and isolation (ECCE)), proposes an Active-clamped Forward Converter, which realizes high step-down ratio and high Voltage isolation through a primary Buck part and a primary single-tube Forward part, but the maximum Voltage Stress borne by a switch tube in topology is still higher, and is input Voltage, and the primary Voltage of the transformer is also higher, and in order to realize high step-down ratio, the number of winding turns needs to be increased, and the volume of the transformer is increased, and the primary and secondary windings all transmit power in only one mode, and the winding utilization ratio is low.
The document 48V to 1V voltage regulator module with magnetic integration (20181 st work shop on Wide band Power Devices and Applications in Asia (WiPDA Asia)), uses a full-bridge LLC converter, and designs the transformer to reduce the volume of the magnetic element part in the topology, but the voltage stress of all Power switch tubes on the primary side of the transformer is still high, and the voltage stress on the primary side winding is not reduced, a large number of winding turns is still required, and the secondary side of the transformer adopts a double winding structure, so the winding utilization rate is low.
In order to reduce the Voltage stress of the switching device and reduce the volume of the transformer, a three-Level Half-Bridge Converter is used in a document 18.6 a 92.8% -Peak-Efficiency 60a 48V-to-1V 3-Level hall-Bridge DC-DC Converter with Balanced Voltage on a current Converter (2020IEEE International Solid-State Circuits reference- (ISSCC),2020), so that the Voltage borne by the primary winding of the transformer is only one fourth of the input Voltage, and the maximum Voltage stress borne by the switching tube is also reduced to one Half of the input Voltage. But the expansibility is poor, the voltage stress born by the transformer and the switch tube is still relatively high, the impedance of a primary side power current path is large, and the system efficiency is low. In addition, the topology needs to perform additional control on the flying capacitor to keep the voltage balance, only one of the primary side switch tubes is grounded, and the rest switch tubes are all grounded, which brings difficulty to the driving design of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, in order to solve the problems of high voltage stress borne by the switching tube and the primary winding of the transformer, low efficiency and power density and inconvenience in expansion in the prior art, the invention provides a hybrid high step-down ratio direct current power supply based on a switching capacitor. According to the input voltage and the power grade, the grade number and the number of the rectifier modules of the switch capacitor part can be flexibly adjusted, the expansibility is good, the utilization rate of primary and secondary windings of the transformer is high, and the transformer is suitable for isolated/non-isolated power supply application with high power density requirements in high-voltage input and low-voltage large-current output occasions.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a hybrid high voltage reduction ratio direct current power supply based on a switched capacitor, which comprises an input source, a first power conversion part and a second power conversion part;
the first power conversion part is an n-stage switched capacitor circuit which is a four-port network
The first power conversion part internally comprises n +1 high-side switching tubes, n capacitors, 2 low-side switching tubes and four ports, wherein the drain electrode of the first high-side switching tube is connected with the first port of the first power conversion part, the source electrode of the first low-side switching tube, the source electrode of the second low-side switching tube and the fourth port of the first power conversion part are connected in common, the rest parts are connected in a way that the source electrode of the ith high-side switching tube, the positive electrode of the ith capacitor and the drain electrode of the ith +1 high-side switching tube are connected in common, the negative electrodes of all capacitors with odd numbers, the drain electrode of the first low-side switching tube and the second port of the first power conversion part are connected in common, the negative electrodes of all capacitors with even numbers, the drain electrode of the second low-side switching tube and the third port of the first power conversion part are connected in common, if n +1 is an odd number, the source electrode of the nth +1 high-side switching tube and the second port of the first power conversion part are connected in common, if n +1 is even number, the source electrode of the (n + 1) th high-side switching tube is connected with the third port of the first power conversion part, wherein i and n are integers, i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n,
The second power conversion section includes k rectifying modules and four ports,
each rectifier module in the second power conversion part comprises a transformer, two rectifier switch tubes, two inductors and four ports, the internal connection mode of each rectifier module is that the dotted end of the primary winding of the transformer is connected with the first port of the rectifier module, the non-dotted end of the primary winding of the transformer is connected with the second port of the rectifier module, the dotted end of the secondary winding of the transformer, the drain electrode of the first rectifier switch tube and one end of the first inductor are connected together, the non-dotted end of the secondary winding of the transformer, the drain electrode of the second rectifier switch tube and one end of the second inductor are connected together, the other end of the first inductor, the other end of the second inductor and the fourth port of the rectifier module are connected together, the source electrode of the first rectifier switch tube, the source electrode of the second rectifier switch tube and the third port of the rectifier module are connected together,
the internal connection mode of the second power conversion part is that a first port of the first rectifier module and a first port of the second power conversion part are connected in common, a second port of the jth rectifier module is connected with a first port of the jth +1 rectifier module, a second port of the kth rectifier module is connected with a second port of the second power conversion part, third ports of all the rectifier modules and third ports of the second power conversion part are connected in common, and fourth ports of all the rectifier modules and fourth ports of the second power conversion part are connected in common, wherein j and k are integers, and j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to k-1;
The connection mode among the input source, the first power conversion part and the second power conversion part is as follows: the first port of the first power conversion part is connected with the anode of an input source, the second port of the first power conversion part is connected with the first port of the second power conversion part, the third port of the first power conversion part is connected with the second port of the second power conversion part, the fourth port of the first power conversion part is connected with the cathode of the input source, the third port of the second power conversion part is used for being connected with the anode of an external load, and the fourth port of the second power conversion part is used for being connected with the cathode of the external load.
The invention also provides another hybrid high voltage reduction ratio direct current power supply based on the switched capacitor, which comprises: an input source, a first power conversion section and a second power conversion section;
the first power conversion part is an n-stage switched capacitor circuit which is a three-port network;
the first power conversion part internally comprises n +1 high-side switching tubes, n capacitors, 4 low-side switching tubes and three ports, wherein the drain electrode of the first high-side switching tube is connected with the first port of the first power conversion part, the source electrode of the ith high-side switching tube, the positive electrode of the ith capacitor and the drain electrode of the ith +1 high-side switching tube are connected in common, the negative electrodes of all capacitors with odd numbers, the drain electrode of the first low-side switching tube and the drain electrode of the third low-side switching tube are connected in common, the negative electrodes of all capacitors with even numbers, the drain electrode of the second low-side switching tube and the drain electrode of the fourth low-side switching tube are connected in common, if n +1 is an odd number, the source electrode of the n +1 high-side switching tube is connected in common with the drain electrode of the first low-side switching tube, if n +1 is an even number, the source electrode of the n +1 high-side switching tube is connected in common with the second low-side switching tube, the source electrode of the second low-side switching tube, The source electrode of the second low-side switching tube and the second port of the first power conversion part are connected in common, the source electrode of the first low-side switching tube, the source electrode of the second low-side switching tube and the third port of the first power conversion part are connected in common, wherein i and n are integers, and i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n;
The second power conversion section includes k rectifying modules and four ports,
each rectifier module in the second power conversion part comprises a transformer, two rectifier switch tubes, two inductors and four ports, the internal connection mode of each rectifier module is that the dotted terminal of the primary winding of the transformer is connected with the first port of the rectifier module, the non-dotted terminal of the primary winding of the transformer is connected with the second port of the rectifier module, the dotted terminal of the secondary winding of the transformer, the drain electrode of the first rectifier switch tube and one end of the first inductor are connected together, the non-dotted terminal of the secondary winding of the transformer, the drain electrode of the second rectifier switch tube and one end of the second inductor are connected together, the other end of the first inductor, the other end of the second inductor and the fourth port of the rectifier module are connected together, the source electrode of the first rectifier switch tube, the source electrode of the second rectifier switch tube and the third port of the rectifier module are connected together,
the connection mode in the second power conversion part is that a first port of the first rectifier module and a first port of the second power conversion part are connected in common, a second port of the jth rectifier module is connected with a first port of the jth +1 rectifier module, a second port of the kth rectifier module is connected with a second port of the second power conversion part, third ports of all the rectifier modules are connected with a third port of the second power conversion part in common, and fourth ports of all the rectifier modules are connected with a fourth port of the second power conversion part in common, wherein j and k are integers, and j is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to k-1;
The connection mode among the input source, the first power conversion part and the second power conversion part is as follows: the first port of the first power conversion part is connected with the anode of an input source, the second port of the first power conversion part is connected with the first port of the second power conversion part, the third port of the first power conversion part, the second port of the second power conversion part and the cathode of the input source are connected in common, the third port of the first power conversion part is connected with the second port of the second power conversion part, the third port of the second power conversion part is connected with the anode of an external load, and the fourth port of the second power conversion part is connected with the cathode of the external load.
In an embodiment of the invention, the rectifying switch tube used by the rectifying module is a fully-controlled power semiconductor device.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the rectifier switch in the rectifier module is an uncontrolled power semiconductor device, and at this time, the rectifier module is connected in such a manner that a dotted terminal of a primary winding of the transformer is connected to a first port of the rectifier module, a non-dotted terminal of the primary winding of the transformer is connected to a second port of the rectifier module, a dotted terminal of a secondary winding of the transformer, a cathode of the first rectifier tube and one end of the first inductor are connected in common, a non-dotted terminal of the secondary winding of the transformer, a cathode of the second rectifier tube and one end of the second inductor are connected, the other end of the first inductor, the other end of the second inductor and a third port of the rectifier module are connected in common, and an anode of the first rectifier tube, an anode of the second rectifier tube and the third port of the rectifier module are connected in common.
In an embodiment of the invention, the first power conversion part is a four-port circuit, and a negative electrode of the input source, the fourth port of the first power conversion part, the fourth port of the second power conversion part, and a negative electrode of the external load may be connected in common.
In an embodiment of the invention, the first power conversion part is a three-port circuit, and a negative electrode of the input source, the third port of the first power conversion part, the fourth port of the second power conversion part, and a negative electrode of the external load may be connected in common.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the inductor inside the rectifier module of the second power conversion part is a coupled inductor.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the first inductor and the second inductor inside the rectifier module in the second power conversion portion are reversely coupled, and the second inductor of the jth rectifier module and the first inductor of the j +1 th rectifier module are also reversely coupled.
Based on the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the power supply can adjust the stage number of the switched capacitor part and the number of the rectifying parts according to the voltage and power grade, is easy to expand, and the voltage of the capacitor part is self-balanced without additional control.
(2) The switch tube of the power supply has low voltage stress, is beneficial to system design and device model selection, can use a low-voltage power device, can reduce loss and improve system efficiency.
(3) The number of the switch tubes grounded at the original side of the power supply is the same as that of the switch tubes floating to the ground, so that a mature bootstrap drive circuit can be used, and the power supply is easy to realize.
(4) The second power conversion part of the power supply has small input voltage amplitude, the number of turns of a transformer winding can be reduced, the utilization rate of a primary winding and a secondary winding of the transformer is high, and the power density and the efficiency of a system can be improved.
(5) The second power conversion part of the power supply adopts a modular structure, and is easy to design.
(6) The power supply uses the coupling inductor, so that the power density and the steady-state and dynamic performances of the system can be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of one of four exemplary system connections for a switched capacitor based hybrid high voltage to buck ratio DC power supply in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the connection of four exemplary systems of a switched capacitor based hybrid high voltage to buck ratio DC power supply in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of one of four exemplary system connections for a switched capacitor based hybrid high buck ratio DC power supply in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of one of four exemplary system connections for a switched capacitor based hybrid high buck ratio DC power supply in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5(a) - (b) are circuit topology diagrams of a four-port first power conversion section according to an embodiment of the present invention; wherein, (a) is a circuit topological diagram when the number of the first power conversion part is even, and (b) is a circuit topological diagram when the number of the first power conversion part is odd;
fig. 6(a) - (b) are circuit topology diagrams of a three-port first power conversion section according to an embodiment of the present invention; wherein, (a) is a circuit topological diagram when the number of the first power conversion part is odd, and (b) is a circuit topological diagram when the number of the first power conversion part is even;
fig. 7 is an internal connection diagram of a second power conversion part according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is one of four circuit topologies for a single rectifier module within the second power conversion section in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is one of four circuit topologies for a single rectifier module within the second power conversion section in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is one of four circuit topologies for a single rectifier module within the second power conversion section in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is one of four circuit topologies for a single rectifier module within the second power conversion section in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a system topology diagram of a hybrid high buck ratio DC power supply based on switched capacitors in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a system topology diagram of a hybrid high buck ratio dc power supply based on a switched capacitor according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 14 is a system topology diagram of a hybrid high buck ratio DC power supply based on switched capacitors according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a system topology diagram of a hybrid high buck ratio DC power supply based on switched capacitors according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a system topology diagram of a hybrid high buck ratio DC power supply based on switched capacitors according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 17 is a system topology diagram of a hybrid high buck ratio dc power supply based on a switched capacitor according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
To further clarify the above and other features and advantages of the present invention, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. The technical characteristics of the embodiments of the invention can be correspondingly combined on the premise of no mutual conflict.
Fig. 1 is a connection diagram of a hybrid high voltage-to-voltage ratio dc power supply system based on a switched capacitor according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes an input source, a first power conversion part with four ports, and a second power conversion part with four ports, wherein a positive electrode of the input source is connected to a first port a of the first power conversion part, a negative electrode of the input source is connected to a fourth port D of the first power conversion part, a second port B of the first power conversion part is connected to a first port a 'of the second power conversion part, a third port C of the first power conversion part is connected to a second port B' of the second power conversion part, a third port C 'of the second power conversion part is connected to a positive electrode of an external load, and a fourth port D' of the second power conversion part is connected to a negative electrode of the external load;
Fig. 2 is a connection diagram of a hybrid high voltage-to-voltage ratio dc power supply system based on a switched capacitor according to another embodiment of the present invention, which includes an input source, a three-port first power conversion part, and a four-port second power conversion part, wherein a positive electrode of the input source is connected to a first port a of the first power conversion part, a negative electrode of the input source, a third port C of the first power conversion part, and a second port B 'of the second power part are connected in common, the second port B of the first power conversion part is connected to a first port a' of the second power conversion part, the third port C 'of the second power conversion part is connected to a positive electrode of an external load, and a fourth port D' of the second power conversion part is connected to a negative electrode of the external load;
fig. 3 is a connection diagram of a hybrid high voltage-to-voltage ratio dc power system based on a switched capacitor according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention, where all the components are connected in common, and the connection diagram includes an input source, a first power conversion component with four ports, a second power conversion component with four ports, a positive electrode of the input source is connected to the first port a of the first power conversion component, a negative electrode of the input source, a fourth port D of the first power conversion component, a fourth port D 'of the second power conversion component, and a negative electrode of an external load, a second port B of the first power conversion component is connected to the first port a' of the second power conversion component, a third port C of the first power conversion component is connected to the second port B 'of the second power conversion component, and a third port C' of the second power conversion component is connected to a positive electrode of the external load;
Fig. 4 is a connection diagram of a hybrid high voltage-to-step-down ratio dc power system based on switched capacitors according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention, where all the components are connected in common, and the connection diagram includes an input source, a first power conversion component with three ports, a second power conversion component with four ports, a positive electrode of the input source is connected to the first port a of the first power conversion component, a negative electrode of the input source, the third port C of the first power conversion component, the second port B ' of the second power component, the fourth port D ' of the second power conversion component, and a negative electrode of an external load are connected in common, and the second port B of the first power conversion component is connected to the first port a ' of the second power conversion component;
fig. 5(a) - (b) are circuit topology diagrams of an n-stage four-port first power conversion part according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes n +1 high-side switching transistors, n capacitors, 2 low-side switching transistors and four ports, where the first high-side switching transistor Q H1 Is connected to the first port a of the first power conversion part, and a first low-side switching tube Q L1 Source electrode of the first transistor, and a second low-side switching tube Q L2 The source of the first power conversion section and the fourth port D of the first power conversion section are connected in common, and the connection mode of the rest parts is that the ith high-side switching tube Q Hi Source electrode of (1), ith capacitor C i Positive electrode of (1) and (i + 1) th high-side switching tube Q Hi+1 All the odd-numbered capacitors (C) 1 ，C 3 …) negative pole, first low-side switching tube Q L1 The drain of the first power conversion part and the second port of the first power conversion part are connected with B, and all capacitors (C) with even numbers are connected with C 2 ，C 4 …) negative pole, second low-side switching tube Q L2 Is connected to the third port C of the first power conversion part, and if n +1 is an odd number, the n +1 high-side switching tube Q Hn+1 Is commonly connected with the second port B of the first power conversion part, if n +1 is an even number, the n +1 high side switch tube Q Hn+1 Is connected with a third port C of the first power conversion part, wherein i and n are integers, and i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n,
fig. 6(a) - (b) are circuit topology diagrams of an n-stage three-port first power conversion part according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes n +1 high-side switching transistors, n capacitors, and 4 low-side switching transistorsA switch tube and three ports, wherein the first high-side switch tube Q H1 Is connected to the first port a of the first power conversion part, and an ith high-side switching tube Q Hi Source electrode of (1), ith capacitor C i Positive electrode of (1) th and (i + 1) th high-side switching tube Q Hi+1 All the odd-numbered capacitors (C) 1 ，C 3 …) negative pole, first low-side switching tube Q L1 And the third low-side switching tube Q L3 All the even-numbered capacitors (C) 2 ，C 4 …) negative pole, second low-side switching tube Q L2 And the fourth low-side switching tube Q L2 If n +1 is an odd number, the n +1 high-side switch tube Q Hn+1 Source and first low side switching transistor Q L1 If n +1 is an even number, the n +1 high-side switch tube Q Hn+1 Source and second low side switching tube Q L2 Is connected in common with the drain of the third low-side switching tube Q L3 Source electrode of, fourth low side switching tube Q L4 The source of the first power conversion part and the second port B of the first power conversion part are connected in common, and the first low-side switch tube Q L1 Source electrode of the first low-side switching tube Q L2 The source of the first power conversion part and the third port C of the first power conversion part are connected in common, wherein i and n are integers, and i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n;
fig. 7 is an internal connection diagram of a second power conversion part according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes k rectifier modules and four ports, and the internal connection manner of the second power conversion part is that the first port R of the first rectifier module 1-1 Is connected with the first port of the second power conversion part in common, and the second port R of the jth rectifying module j-2 And a first port R of the j +1 th rectifying module j+1-1 Second port R of the kth rectifier module k-2 A third port (R) of all the rectification modules connected with the second port B' of the second power conversion part 1-3 、R 2-3 、……、R k-3 ) And a third port C' of the second power conversion part, and fourth ports (R) of all the rectification modules 1-4 、R 2-4 、……、R k-4 ) And a fourth port of the second power conversion part, wherein j and k are integersJ is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to k-1;
FIG. 8 is a circuit topology diagram of a single rectifier module in the second power conversion part according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which the rectifier is a fully-controlled power semiconductor device, and includes a transformer, two rectifier switches, two inductors, and four ports, and the rectifier module numbered k is taken as an example, and the internal connection manner of the rectifier module is that the transformer T is connected to the rectifier module k Primary winding N of k-1 And a first port R of the rectification module k-1 Connected primary winding T of transformer k And a second port R of the rectifier module k-2 Secondary winding N of transformer k-2 The same name end of the first rectifying switch tube Q K-1 And the first inductor L k-1 One end of the transformer is connected with a secondary winding N of the transformer k-2 A second rectifier switch tube Q K-2 And the second inductor L k-2 Is connected to one end of a first inductor L k-1 The other end of (1), a second inductance L k-2 And a fourth port R of the rectifier module k-4 Connected in common, a first rectifier switching tube Q K-1 Source electrode of, second rectifier switching tube Q K-2 And a third port R of the rectifier module k-3 The connection is carried out in a common way,
FIG. 9 is a circuit topology diagram of a single rectifier module in the second power conversion part according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which the rectifier is an uncontrolled power semiconductor device, and includes a transformer, two rectifiers, two inductors, and four ports, and the rectifier module numbered as k is taken as an example, and the internal connection of the rectifier module is that the transformer T is connected k Primary winding N of k-1 And a first port R of the rectifier module k-1 Connected primary winding T of transformer k And a second port R of the rectifier module k-2 Secondary winding N of transformer k-2 End of the same name, the first rectifier tube D K-1 And the first inductor L k-1 One end of the transformer is connected with a secondary winding N of the transformer k-2 A non-homonymous terminal of the second rectifier tube D K-2 And the second inductor L k-2 Is connected to one end of a first inductor L k-1 The other end of the first tube is connected with the second tube,second inductance L k-2 And a fourth port R of the rectifier module k-4 Connected in common, a first rectifier switching tube D K-1 Anode of and a second rectifying tube D K-2 And a third port R of the rectifying module k-3 The two ends of the wire are connected in common,
fig. 10 is a circuit topology diagram of a single rectifier module in the second power conversion part according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which the rectifier is a fully-controlled power semiconductor device and the inductor is a coupling inductor;
Fig. 11 is a circuit topology diagram of a single rectifier module in the second power conversion section according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which the rectifier is an uncontrolled power semiconductor device and the inductor is a coupling inductor;
FIG. 12 is a system topology of a power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention, including an input source, a first power conversion section with two stages and four ports, and a second power conversion section including two rectifier modules;
FIG. 13 is a system topology of a power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention, including an input source, a first power conversion section with two stages and three ports, and a second power conversion section including two rectifier modules;
FIG. 14 is a system topology of a power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes an input source, a first power conversion portion with two stages and four ports, and a second power conversion portion with two rectifier modules, wherein the inductors of the rectifier modules are reversely coupled inductors;
FIG. 15 is a system topology of a power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes an input source, a first power conversion section with two stages and three ports, and a second power conversion section with two rectifier modules, and the inductors in the rectifier modules are reversely coupled inductors;
FIG. 16 is a system topology of a power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes an input source, a first power conversion portion with two stages and four ports, and a second power conversion portion with two rectifier modules, and any two adjacent inductors in the second power conversion portion are reversely coupled;
fig. 17 is a system topology of a power supply according to an embodiment of the invention, which includes an input source, a first power conversion portion with two stages and three ports, and a second power conversion portion with two rectifier modules, and any two adjacent inductors in the second power conversion portion are reversely coupled.
The advantages of the present invention will be illustrated by theoretical analysis with reference to specific examples. Taking the embodiment of FIG. 12 as an example, during steady state operation, Q H1 ～Q H3 Duty ratio of drive signal is the same, Q L1 And Q L2 Duty ratio of driving signals is the same, C 1 2/3, C with the voltage on the input voltage 2 The voltage on is 1/3 of the input voltage. The first power conversion part has two output powers of two modes, the first mode being a power conversion part in which Q is output H1 、Q H3 、Q L2 On, Q in the second mode H2 And Q L1 Conducting to generate a pair of rectangular wave signals with positive and negative alternation and amplitude of only 1/3 at the input end of the second power conversion part, and Q L1 And Q L2 The breakdown voltage of (2) is also only 1/3 times the input voltage. In the conventional scheme, the first power conversion part usually adopts a full-bridge or half-bridge topology, and the withstand voltage of all the switch tubes is equal to the input voltage, so that the invention allows the switch tubes with lower withstand voltage to be used. And because the input voltage amplitude of the second power conversion part is reduced, the volume of the transformer in the second power conversion part can be reduced, and the power density of the system is improved.
As can be seen from the specific embodiments shown in fig. 12 and 17, each rectifier module of the second power section is identical, so that the design of the whole power section can be completed only by designing the parameters of a single module, and for different applications, only the number of modules needs to be adjusted, and redesign is not needed.
Taking the embodiment of fig. 12 as an example, the secondary winding has two operating modes in one cycle, in one of which Q is 1-2 On, N 1-2 In which there is a bottom-up current, and in a second mode of operation, Q 1-1 On, N 1-2 There is a current from top to bottom, so the secondary winding is transmitting energy in the whole period, while the traditional scheme adopts two secondary windingsEach winding in a period only transfers power in a half period, so that the winding utilization rate of the rectifying part in the invention is twice of that of the traditional scheme.
In addition, the coupled inductor is formed by winding a plurality of windings on one magnetic core, and each magnetic core of the traditional inductor only has one group of windings, so that the use of the coupled inductor allows the number of the magnetic cores to be reduced, and the magnetic flux in the magnetic cores can be offset through reverse coupling, and the volume of the magnetic cores can be reduced under the same saturation magnetic flux. The traditional scheme is realized by adopting an uncoupled discrete inductor, and the invention can realize higher power density by using a coupled inductor.
The above examples specifically illustrate and describe exemplary implementations of the present invention, and the above examples are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention so as to facilitate one of ordinary skill in the art to understand and apply the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the detailed structures, arrangements, or implementations described herein. It will be understood that various modifications of the above-described embodiments, or equivalents of some or all features of the invention, or application of the general principles described herein to other embodiments without the necessity of inventive faculty, will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and modifications, improvements, or equivalents of features, may be made within the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. A hybrid high voltage reduction ratio direct current power supply based on a switched capacitor is characterized by comprising: an input source, a first power conversion section and a second power conversion section;
the first power conversion part is an n-stage switched capacitor circuit which is a four-port network
The first power conversion part internally comprises n +1 high-side switching tubes, n capacitors, 2 low-side switching tubes and four ports, wherein the drain electrode of the first high-side switching tube is connected with the first port of the first power conversion part, the source electrode of the first low-side switching tube, the source electrode of the second low-side switching tube and the fourth port of the first power conversion part are connected in common, the rest parts are connected in a way that the source electrode of the ith high-side switching tube, the positive electrode of the ith capacitor and the drain electrode of the ith +1 high-side switching tube are connected in common, the negative electrodes of all capacitors with odd numbers, the drain electrode of the first low-side switching tube and the second port of the first power conversion part are connected in common, the negative electrodes of all capacitors with even numbers, the drain electrode of the second low-side switching tube and the third port of the first power conversion part are connected in common, if n +1 is an odd number, the source electrode of the nth +1 high-side switching tube and the second port of the first power conversion part are connected in common, if n +1 is even number, the source electrode of the (n + 1) th high-side switching tube is connected with the third port of the first power conversion part, wherein i and n are integers, i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n,
The second power conversion section includes k rectifying modules and four ports,
each rectifier module in the second power conversion part comprises a transformer, two rectifier switch tubes, two inductors and four ports, the internal connection mode of each rectifier module is that the dotted end of the primary winding of the transformer is connected with the first port of the rectifier module, the non-dotted end of the primary winding of the transformer is connected with the second port of the rectifier module, the dotted end of the secondary winding of the transformer, the drain electrode of the first rectifier switch tube and one end of the first inductor are connected together, the non-dotted end of the secondary winding of the transformer, the drain electrode of the second rectifier switch tube and one end of the second inductor are connected together, the other end of the first inductor, the other end of the second inductor and the fourth port of the rectifier module are connected together, the source electrode of the first rectifier switch tube, the source electrode of the second rectifier switch tube and the third port of the rectifier module are connected together,
the internal connection mode of the second power conversion part is that a first port of the first rectifier module and a first port of the second power conversion part are connected in common, a second port of the jth rectifier module is connected with a first port of the jth +1 rectifier module, a second port of the kth rectifier module is connected with a second port of the second power conversion part, third ports of all the rectifier modules and third ports of the second power conversion part are connected in common, and fourth ports of all the rectifier modules and fourth ports of the second power conversion part are connected in common, wherein j and k are integers, and j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to k-1;
The connection mode among the input source, the first power conversion part and the second power conversion part is as follows: the first port of the first power conversion part is connected with the anode of an input source, the second port of the first power conversion part is connected with the first port of the second power conversion part, the third port of the first power conversion part is connected with the second port of the second power conversion part, the fourth port of the first power conversion part is connected with the cathode of the input source, the third port of the second power conversion part is used for being connected with the anode of an external load, and the fourth port of the second power conversion part is used for being connected with the cathode of the external load.
2. A hybrid high voltage reduction ratio direct current power supply based on a switched capacitor is characterized by comprising: an input source, a first power conversion section and a second power conversion section;
the first power conversion part is an n-stage switched capacitor circuit which is a three-port network;
the first power conversion part internally comprises n +1 high-side switching tubes, n capacitors, 4 low-side switching tubes and three ports, wherein the drain electrode of the first high-side switching tube is connected with the first port of the first power conversion part, the source electrode of the ith high-side switching tube, the positive electrode of the ith capacitor and the drain electrode of the ith +1 high-side switching tube are connected in common, the negative electrodes of all capacitors with odd numbers, the drain electrode of the first low-side switching tube and the drain electrode of the third low-side switching tube are connected in common, the negative electrodes of all capacitors with even numbers, the drain electrode of the second low-side switching tube and the drain electrode of the fourth low-side switching tube are connected in common, if n +1 is an odd number, the source electrode of the n +1 high-side switching tube is connected in common with the drain electrode of the first low-side switching tube, if n +1 is an even number, the source electrode of the n +1 high-side switching tube is connected in common with the second low-side switching tube, the source electrode of the second low-side switching tube, The source electrode of the second low-side switching tube and the second port of the first power conversion part are connected in common, the source electrode of the first low-side switching tube, the source electrode of the second low-side switching tube and the third port of the first power conversion part are connected in common, wherein i and n are integers, and i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n;
The second power conversion section includes k rectifying modules and four ports,
each rectifier module in the second power conversion part comprises a transformer, two rectifier switch tubes, two inductors and four ports, the internal connection mode of each rectifier module is that the dotted end of the primary winding of the transformer is connected with the first port of the rectifier module, the non-dotted end of the primary winding of the transformer is connected with the second port of the rectifier module, the dotted end of the secondary winding of the transformer, the drain electrode of the first rectifier switch tube and one end of the first inductor are connected together, the non-dotted end of the secondary winding of the transformer, the drain electrode of the second rectifier switch tube and one end of the second inductor are connected together, the other end of the first inductor, the other end of the second inductor and the fourth port of the rectifier module are connected together, the source electrode of the first rectifier switch tube, the source electrode of the second rectifier switch tube and the third port of the rectifier module are connected together,
the internal connection mode of the second power conversion part is that a first port of the first rectifier module and a first port of the second power conversion part are connected in common, a second port of the jth rectifier module is connected with a first port of the jth +1 rectifier module, a second port of the kth rectifier module is connected with a second port of the second power conversion part, third ports of all the rectifier modules and third ports of the second power conversion part are connected in common, and fourth ports of all the rectifier modules and fourth ports of the second power conversion part are connected in common, wherein j and k are integers, and j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to k-1;
The connection mode among the input source, the first power conversion part and the second power conversion part is as follows: the first port of the first power conversion part is connected with the anode of an input source, the second port of the first power conversion part is connected with the first port of the second power conversion part, the third port of the first power conversion part, the second port of the second power conversion part and the cathode of the input source are connected in common, the third port of the first power conversion part is connected with the second port of the second power conversion part, the third port of the second power conversion part is connected with the anode of an external load, and the fourth port of the second power conversion part is connected with the cathode of the external load.
3. The hybrid high-voltage-reduction-ratio direct-current power supply based on the switched capacitor as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein a rectifying switch tube used by the rectifying module is a fully-controlled power semiconductor device.
4. A switched capacitor based hybrid high buck ratio DC power supply as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that the rectifier switch tube in the rectifier module is an uncontrolled power semiconductor device, at the moment, the connection mode inside the rectification module is that the dotted end of the primary winding of the transformer is connected with the first port of the rectification module, the non-dotted end of the primary winding of the transformer is connected with the second port of the rectification module, the dotted end of the secondary winding of the transformer, the cathode of the first rectification tube and one end of the first inductor are connected together, the non-dotted end of the secondary winding of the transformer, the cathode of the second rectification tube and one end of the second inductor are connected together, the other end of the first inductor, the other end of the second inductor and the third port of the rectification module are connected together, and the anode of the first rectification tube, the anode of the second rectification tube and the third port of the rectification module are connected together.
5. The switched-capacitor based hybrid high buck ratio dc power supply of claim 1, wherein a negative terminal of the input source, the fourth port of the first power conversion section, the fourth port of the second power conversion section, and a negative terminal of the external load may be connected in common.
6. The switched-capacitor based hybrid high buck ratio dc power supply of claim 2, wherein a negative terminal of the input source, the third port of the first power conversion section, the fourth port of the second power conversion section, and a negative terminal of the external load may be connected in common.
7. The hybrid switched-capacitor-based high buck ratio dc power supply as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the inductor inside the rectifying module of the second power conversion part is a coupled inductor.
8. The hybrid switched-capacitor-based high buck ratio direct current power supply according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first inductor and the second inductor inside the rectifier module in the second power conversion section are reversely coupled, and the second inductor of the jth rectifier module and the first inductor of the j +1 th rectifier module are also reversely coupled.
CN202210367932.4A 2022-04-08 Mixed high-voltage-reduction-ratio direct-current power supply based on switch capacitor Active CN114844349B (en)

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